2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit2WorkingthelandSectionⅡWarmingUpandReading-LanguagePoints練習(xí)新人教版必修4

PAGEPAGE1SectionⅡWarmingUpandReading——LanguagePoints[隨堂鞏固]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Bornintoapoorfamily，hehasa________(渴望)togettothetopofsociety.2．Youareeasytoget________(曬黑的)whenstayingonthebeachinsuchahotday.3．Theywere________(艱難地行進(jìn))upthehillwiththeheavybags.4．Thecountryhasgainedlargequantitiesofprofitsby______(出口)itsnaturalresourcestoothercountries.5．Manypeopleenjoytravelingto________(增加)theirknowledge.6．Hawkingisofteninvitedaroundtheworld________(傳播)histheoryof“BlackHole”．7．Theaverage______(產(chǎn)量)ofthefactoryis20carsaday.8．They________(裝備)themselvesfortheexpedition.9．Whatisyour________(國(guó)籍)?10．Pleasegiveyourname，addressand________(職業(yè))．答案1.hunger2.sunburnt3.struggling4.exporting5.expand6.circulating7.output8.equipped9.nationality10.occupationⅡ.短語(yǔ)選填as...as；rid...of...；equip...with...；struggleagainst；careabout；thanksto；wouldrather；carefor；makeadifference；besatisfiedwith1．Weshouldbebraveto________________thedifficulty.2．________________yourhelp，muchtroublewasavoided.3．Itisveryhardforthepeopleto________theEarth________pollution.4．I________________choosetogiveupthangiveintohim.5．Thebedroomistwice__________big__________thekitchen.6．Asafamousperson，hedoesn’t________much________money.7．Helikespop；he________________classicalmusicaswell.8．BothheandI________________theresult.9．Ifeveryoneisdevotedtodoingsomemeaningfulthings，theyallwill________________inthisworld.10．Hehas________himself________muchexperienceinworking.答案1.struggleagainst2.Thanksto3.rid；of4．wouldrather5.as；as6.care；about7.caresfor8.aresatisfiedwith9.makeadifference10．equipped；withⅢ.課文語(yǔ)法填空YuanLongping，theFatherofSuperHybridRice，isafamousscientist.He1.________(struggle)forthepastfivedecades2.________theChinesefarmers.In1953whenYuanLongping3.________(graduation)fromcollege,4.________(hungry)wasa5.________(disturb)probleminmanypartsofthecountryside.Therefore，Yuanwantedtohelpridhismotherlandofhungerby6.________(increase)thericeoutputwithout7.________(expand)theareaofthefieldsandhemade8.________.YuanLongping’sanotherdreamis9.________(export)hisricetotheworld.ThankstoYuanLongping，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattle10.________hungerthroughouttheworld.答案1.hasstruggled2.for3.graduated4.hunger5．disturbing6.increasing7.expanding8.it9.toexport10.against[限時(shí)訓(xùn)練][限時(shí)30分鐘]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAnaverage30-year-oldpersonwhohaseatenthreemealsadaysincebirthhaseatenmorethan30,000mealstodate.Evenifyou’veonlyeatenhalfthatmuchhavetoadmitthis：you’veletsomeofthatbreakfast，lunchordinnergotowaste.Anditturnsoutwe’realltoblameforthisshamingfact：30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.That’sabout1.3billiontons，accordingtoanewreportbytheU．N.FoodandAgricultureOrganization.That’stheweightofmorethan8.6millionfull-grownbluewhales，thelargestcreaturesonearth.That’stheweightofmorethan2.3millionAirbusA380s，thelargestplanesinexistence.That’sasifeachpersoninChina，theworld’smostpopulouscountrywithmorethan1.3billionpeople，haddonetonmassoffoodthrownintothedustbin.It’salmostunfathomable，isn’tit?Settingasidethatbignumber，wefindthepeoplewiththemostmoneyaretheoneswhowastethemost.Onaverage，apersoninEuropeanandNorthAmericancountrieswastesbetween95and115kilogramsoffood.Sub-SaharanAfrican，SouthAsianandSoutheastAsiancountrieswastemuch，muchless－between6and11kilogramsperperson.Here’sanotherstatistic：allthefoodthattheworld’srichestcountrieswasteisaboutequaltoallthefoodthatsub-SaharanAfricaproduces.Thenumbers：222milliontonsand230milliontons，respectively(分別地)．Basically，thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.Andthesenumberscomeaswe’vejustbeenreportingaboutrisingfoodpricesaroundtheworldinthepastweek.Andmyownpersonaltip：ifIeatatarestaurantandcan’tfinishitall，Iaskforadoggiebag.IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.There’snoreasontowastefood.It’suptoallofustouseourcommonsensetoeatandshopjustabitmorewisely.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。依據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織的一份報(bào)告，目前全球生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的30%的食物在消費(fèi)過(guò)程中被奢侈。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfathomable”inParagraph2mean?A．Possibletoimagine.B．Impossibletochange.C．Impossibletounderstand.D．Possibletounderstand.解析詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段可知，每年奢侈的食物的重量超過(guò)了860萬(wàn)頭地球上最大的動(dòng)物——藍(lán)鯨的重量，也超過(guò)了230萬(wàn)架世界上現(xiàn)有的最大的飛機(jī)——空中客車(chē)A380的重量。這也好比在世界擁有超過(guò)13億人的人口最多的國(guó)家——中國(guó)，人均向垃圾桶里傾倒一噸的食物。由此可推知這種現(xiàn)象使人難以理解。unfathomable意為“難以理解的；深不行測(cè)的”。答案C2．Itcanbelearnedthatthefoodtherichwastecansupport________.A．halfthepeopleinEuropeB．mostpeopleofAmericaC．mostpeopleofAsiaD．mostpeopleofAfrica解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)其次句“Basically，thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.”可推知，富有的國(guó)家奢侈的食物可以養(yǎng)活非洲大陸大部分地區(qū)的人。答案D3．Theauthorgavehispersonaltipbasedonthefactthat________.A．hewasonceverypoorB．hewasonceafarmerC．heonceworkedinarestaurantD．thepriceoffoodisveryhigh解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段其次句“IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.”可知，作者的建議是依據(jù)他曾是一個(gè)餐館服務(wù)員的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)而給出的。答案C4．Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A．Toshowtheauthor’sopinionoffood.B．Toletuslivemorewiselyandnotwastefood.C．Toshowtheamountofwastedfoodayear.D．ToasktherichestcountriestohelpAfricanpeople.解析寫(xiě)作意圖題。依據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)其次句“Anditturnsoutwe’realltoblameforthisshamingfact:30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.”和最終一段最終兩句“There’snoreasontowaste...andshopjustabitmorewisely.”可推知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的在于讓人們不要奢侈食物，要更明智地生活。答案BBYou’reinabitofadilemmastandinginfrontoftheproducesectionofyourlocalsupermarket.Inonehand，you’reholdingaconventionallygrownGrannySmithapple.Inyourotherhand，youhaveonethat’sbeenorganicallygrown.Bothapplesarefirm，shinyandgreen.Bothprovidevitaminsandfiber，andbotharefreeoffat，sodiumandcholesterol.Theconventionallygrownapplecostslessandisaprovenfamilyfavorite.Buttheorganicapplehasalabelthatsays“USDAOrganic”．Doesthatmeanit’sbetter？Safer？Morenutritious？Becomeabetterinformedconsumerforyournexttriptothesupermarket.Severaldifferencesbetweenorganicandnon-organicfoodsexist.Theword“organic”referstothewayfarmersgrowandprocessagriculturalproducts，suchasfruits，vegetables，grains，dairyproductsandmeat.Organicfarmingpracticesaredesignedtoencouragesoilandwaterconservationandreducepollution.Farmerswhogroworganicproduceandmeatdon’tuseconventionalmethodstofertilize，controlweedsorpreventlivestockdisease.Hereareotherdifferencesbetweenconventionalfarmingandorganicfarming：ConventionalfarmersOrganicfarmersApplychemicalfertilizerstopromoteplantgrowth.Applynaturalfertilizerstofeedsoilandplants.Applyinsecticidetoreducepestsanddisease.Usebeneficialinsectsandbirdstoreducepestsanddisease.Giveanimalsantibiotics，growthhormonesandmedicationstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.Giveanimalsorganicfoodsandallowthemaccesstotheoutdoors.Usepreventivemeasures－suchasabalanceddietandcleanhousing－tohelpminimizedisease.*OrganicornotcheckthelabelTheU．S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasestablishedanorganiccertificationprogramthatrequiresallorganicfoodstomeetstrictgovernmentstandards.Thesestandardsregulatehowsuchfoodsaregrown，handledandprocessed.AnyfarmeroffoodmanufacturerwholabelsandsellsaproductasorganicmustbeUSDAcertifiedasmeetingthesestandards.Onlyproducerswhoselllessthan$5,000ayearinorganicfoodsareexempt(免除)fromthiscertification.IfafoodbearsaUSDAOrganiclabel，itmeansit’sproducedandprocessedaccordingtotheUSDAstandards.Thesealisvoluntary，butmanyorganicproducersuseit.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為一篇說(shuō)明文?！坝袡C(jī)食品”一詞對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)耳熟能詳。但有機(jī)食物和一般的食物在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中究竟有怎樣的差異，并不是每一個(gè)人都很清晰。5．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．promotethesalesoforganicfoodsB．informpeoplethatorganicfoodsarebetterfortheirhealthC．compareconventionalandorganicfoodsD．persuadepeopletobecomeinformedconsumers解析主旨大意題。該題目事實(shí)上是在考查文章是圍繞什么內(nèi)容綻開(kāi)的。文章的第一段就提出了conventionalapple和organicapple的不同概念，下文就這兩種事物進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，故該文章的寫(xiě)作目的是告知人們傳統(tǒng)食品與有機(jī)食品的差別。答案C6．Accordingtothepassage，organicfarmingisintendedto________.A．improvethequalityofthesoilandwaterB．taketheplaceofthetraditionalagricultureentirelyC．preventlivestockfromgettingdiseasemoreeffectivelyD．a(chǎn)doptenvironmentally-friendlymethodstogrowplantsandfeedanimals解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章表格中對(duì)有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)做法的對(duì)比體現(xiàn)了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)勢(shì)：在對(duì)環(huán)境有益的基礎(chǔ)上生產(chǎn)健康的食品。由此可知，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)旨在通過(guò)對(duì)環(huán)境有益的方法進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)。答案D7．Whichofthefollowingmethodsbelongstoorganicfarming?A．Usingchemicalstokillinsectsandpreventdisease.B．Usingrottedplantsasfertilizerstopromoteplantgrowth.C．Usinggrowthhormonestospeedupanimals’growth.D．Usingpeststoreduceinsectsanddisease.解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)表格右欄中的“Applynaturalfertilizerstofeedsoilandplants.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)中的chemicals，C項(xiàng)中的hormones以及D項(xiàng)中的pests均不符合有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的要求。答案B8．Fromthepassageweknowtheorganiccertificationprogram________.A．isnotmeantforproduceofallproducersB．makesitamusttoattachaUSDAOrganiclabelC．setsrestrictionsonthesalesoforganicproduceD．requiresallfoodstosatisfythestrictgovernmentstandards解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，并非全部農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)商都要給他們的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行有機(jī)認(rèn)證。答案AⅡ.閱讀填句HowtoMakeFriendswithNeighborsMostpeoplehaveneighborswheretheylive，whetheritisinahouse，atownhouse，oranapartment.Youwanttobefriendswithyourneighbors，notenemies.Herearesometipstomakethathappen.Gettoknowyourneighbors.Ifyouaretheonesmovinginandnobodyhascometogreetyou，introduceyourselftoyourneighbors.__1__Ifyouseesomeonewithamovingtruckmovingin，introduceyourselfandoffertohelp.Takethemahome-treat，suchascookiesorbread，andwelcomethemtotheneighborhood.__2__TakealoafofbreadoraplateofcookiesorbrowniesandwishthemaMerryChristmas.YoucanmakealittlebagofcandytotaketothemandwishthemaHappyHalloween.Inviteyourneighborstodinnerorabarbecue.Youcangettoknowthemoveradeliciousmeal.Don’taskthemtobringanything.__3__Youcanalsoinviteyourneighborovertoyourhouseifyouarewatchingafootball，baseball，orothersportsyouthinktheymightbeinterestedin.Beconsideratetoyourneighbors.__4__Youdon’twanttobetheannoyingneighborswhohavenoconsiderationforothersintheneighborhood.Keepyourargumentswithinthewallsofyourhouse.Don’trunoutsideyellingatoneanother，creatingahugescene.Nobodywantstoknowaboutyourpersonalorfamilyproblems.Letyourchildrenplaytogether.Don’tdiscourageyourchildrenfromplayingwithyourneighbor’schildrenbecauseofreligion，race，orotherpettythings.__5__A．Helpoutwithyardwork.B．WishthemHappyHolidays.C．Iftheyoffer，begraciousandacceptit.D．Gouptoyourneighbor’shouseandsayhello.E．Ifyouseeyourneighborworkingoutinhisorheryard，offerahelpinghand.F．Don’tplaysuperloudmusicintheearlymorningorafternineo’clockatnight.G．Theywillprobablygrowuptogether，soavoidcreatingenemiesandmakefriendsinstead.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹了如何與鄰居交摯友。1．解析依據(jù)本段主題句：起先去結(jié)識(shí)你的摯友及空前一句：假如你是新搬來(lái)的，沒(méi)有人跟你打招呼，那就向你的鄰居介紹自己。故此處談去鄰居家主動(dòng)打招呼。答案D2．解析依據(jù)下文，帶面包或曲奇餅祝愿摯友圣誕歡樂(lè)，故此處作為主題句，談?wù)撟Ｔ膏従庸?jié)日歡樂(lè)的話題。答案B3．解析依據(jù)本段主題句：通過(guò)共進(jìn)晚餐或一起吃燒烤可以增進(jìn)與鄰居的友情。上文談不要讓他們帶任何東西來(lái)，此處表示假如他們帶來(lái)了要有禮貌的接受，與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系。答案C4．解析依據(jù)本段主題句，要多為鄰居著想，故此處以太早或太晚不要大聲彈奏音樂(lè)，詳細(xì)說(shuō)明如何體諒鄰居。答案F5．解析依據(jù)上文，讓你家孩子跟鄰居家孩子一起玩，故此處談孩子們將很可能一起長(zhǎng)大，成為摯友而不是敵人。答案GⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空Acouplehadbeenmarriedforover60years.Theysharedeverything，talkedabouteverythingandkeptnosecrets__1__eachotherexceptthatthewomanhadaboxinadrawer__2__shehadcautionedherhusbandnevertoopenoraskherabout.He’dneverthoughtaboutiteversince.Oneday__3__womangotverysickandthedoctorsaidshewouldn’trecover.Tosortouttheiraffairs，thehusbandtookdowntheboxand__4__(bring)ittohiswife’sbedside.Sheagreeditwastimethatheshouldknow__5__wasinthebox.__6__(