專題09 創(chuàng)新是發(fā)展的不竭動力 是強國的基石-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語閱讀理解時文爆點專題訓練（解析版）

專題09創(chuàng)新是發(fā)展的不竭動力是強國的基石備戰(zhàn)2022-2023年中考英語閱讀理解時文爆點專題訓練A（2022·福建福州·福州華倫中學?？既＃㎞otechnologyisperfect;eachinnovation(創(chuàng)新)hasadvantagesanddisadvantages,asthefollowingtwoexamplesshow.Manypeoplepredictthatwe’llbeabletotaketotheskiesinourownpersonalflyingcar.Thistechnologywouldallowtotalfreedomofmovement.Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,avoidingtrafficlightsandbusyroads.However,somebelievetherewillbeproblemswithtrafficcontrol.Ifthecarsbecomepopular,thereislikelytobeairtrafficcongestion(擁堵).Andwhatifthecarsbreakdown?AlsoimaginehavingyourownIronMan(鋼鐵俠)suit.Severalcompaniesaretryingtobuildapracticalrobotexoskeleton(外骨骼).Thisisanelectronicsuitwithrobotarmsandlegswhichfollowsthewearer’smovements.Itallowsyoutoliftheavyobjects,walklongdistancesandevenpunch(穿洞)throughwalls!Itwillbeofgreathelpforarmies,rescueworkersanddisabledpeople.Thesuitmighthelppeoplewalkagainafterdiseaseorharm.However,onedisadvantageatpresentisthecost.Evenasimpleexoskeletoncancosthundredsofthousandsofpounds.Anotherproblemisthataheavysuitlikethisneedsalotofpowerbutbatterylifeisshort.Theseproblemswillnodoubtbesolvedaslightweightplasticsuitsbecomeavailable.Lookingahead,it’snotdifficulttoimagineafuturewhenwewillbeabletoflytowork,orliftacaraboveourheads.Althoughtherearesomeproblemstosolvebeforeallofthesearepossible,wecancertainlydreamofaworldwheretechnologymakeslifeeasierandsaferformillionsofpeople.1．Wecanlearnthatflyingcarsmightallowusto_______.A．a(chǎn)voidreceivingspeedingtickets B．a(chǎn)voidtrafficcongestionintheairC．a(chǎn)voidtrafficcongestionontheroads D．a(chǎn)voidlosingtrafficcontrolonbusyroads2．Theunderlinedword“It”probablyrefersto“_______”.A．therobotexoskeleton B．thewearer’smovementC．theelectronicIronMansuit D．therobotwitharmsandlegs3．Thewriterissurethattherobotexoskeletonwillbecomemore_________inthefuture.A．uncomfortable B．expensive C．a(chǎn)vailable D．impossible4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthemedicaluseofrobotsuits?A．Itallowsthewearerstoliftheavythingseasily.B．Itmighthelpthewearertowalklongdistances.C．Itmightbeabletohelpdisabledpeoplewalkagain.D．Itmakesitpossibleforthewearerstopunchthroughwalls.5．Thewritertakestheflyingcarandtherobotexoskeletonasexamplesto_________.A．offerreadersthelatestinformationaboutdevelopmentofnewtechnologyB．showit’simpossibletoputthesetwokindsoftechnologytopracticaluseC．leadreaderstobuytheproductsofnewtechnologyassoonaspossibleD．supporthisopinionthattechnologyhasadvantagesanddisadvantages【答案】1．C

2．A

3．C

4．C

5．D【導語】本文主要講述了每一個技術都有其優(yōu)缺點。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,avoidingtrafficlightsandbusyroads.”可知，我們可以以每小時480公里的速度飛行，避開紅綠燈和繁忙的道路。故選C。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Severalcompaniesaretryingtobuildapracticalrobotexoskeleton.Thisisanelectronicsuitwithrobotarmsandlegswhichfollowsthewearer’smovements.”可知，幾家公司正在嘗試制造一種實用的機器人外骨骼。這是一種擁有機器人手臂和機器人腿的電子服裝，可以跟隨穿著者的動作；因此“it”指代“robotexoskeleton”。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theseproblemswillnodoubtbesolvedaslightweightplasticsuitsbecomeavailable.”可知，隨著輕型塑料宇航服的問世，這些問題無疑將得到解決；因此機器人外骨骼在未來會越能夠利用。故選C。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesuitmighthelppeoplewalkagainafterdiseaseorharm.”可知，這種服裝可能會幫助人們在疾病或傷害后再次行走。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Notechnologyisperfect;eachinnovationhasadvantagesanddisadvantages,asthefollowingtwoexamplesshow.”可知，作者通過舉例來論證自己的觀點。故選D。B（2022·四川資陽·統(tǒng)考一模）Boysandgirls,havealookandseeifyouareinterestedintheamazingevents.YangzhouHorticulturalExpoWhatdogardensaroundtheworldlooklike?Nowyouhavethechancetofindoutatthe2021InternationalHorticulturalExposition（博覽會）.TheexpoisplannedtobeheldfromApril8toOctober8inYangzhou,Jiangsu.AccordingtoChinaNews,thereare74parksonshowinthecitiesfromChinaandabroad.Tianwen1Probe（探測器）ChinasuccessfullysenttheMars（火星）probeTianwen1fromWenchang,HainanonJuly23,2020.TheprobeisplannedtoreachtheRedPlanetinMayorJunein2021,ChinaDailyreported.Itwillstaythereforthreemonthsbytakingpictures，studyingthesoilandweatherandlookingforwater.DubaiWorldExpoTheWorldExpoisaglobalfairforpeopletodevelopbusinessandshareinnovation（創(chuàng)新）.ThelatestexpoisgoingtobeheldinDubaifromOctober1,2021toMarch31,2022.Theexpowillshowspecialculturefromdifferentcountriesaroundtheworld,aswellasdeliciousfoodandthemostadvancedtechnologyofourtime.Youcanvisit________in2021ifyouareinterestedingardens.A．Dubai B．Wenchang C．Beijing D．Yangzhou7．Tianwen1probecandothefollowingthingsonMarsEXCEPT（除…之外）________.A．takingpictures B．buildingparks C．studyingthesoil D．lookingforwater8．Wecanlearnaboutspecialcultureandadvancedtechnologyin________.A．June,2021 B．July,2021 C．March,2022 D．October,20229．Youcanprobablyfindthepassagesfroma________.A．newspaper B．storybook C．movieposter D．carmagazine【答案】6．D

7．B

8．C

9．A【導語】本文是一篇應用文，主要講三個了不起的事件。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheexpoisplannedtobeheldfromApril8toOctober8inYangzhou,Jiangsu.”及“Whatdogardensaroundtheworldlooklike?Nowyouhavethechancetofindoutatthe2021InternationalHorticulturalExposition（博覽會）.”可知對花園感興趣，要去揚州，故選D。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwillstaythereforthreemonthsbytakingpictures，studyingthesoilandweatherandlookingforwater.”可知Tianwen1探測器將拍照，研究土壤和天氣并尋找水，不會建造公園。故選B。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theexpowillshowspecialculturefromdifferentcountriesaroundtheworld,aswellasdeliciousfoodandthemostadvancedtechnologyofourtime.”及“ThelatestexpoisgoingtobeheldinDubaifromOctober1,2021toMarch31,2022.”可知了解特殊文化和先進的科技是在2021年10月1日至2022年3月31日。故選C。9．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹博覽會，探測器等了不起的事件，應處在報紙中。故選A。C（2022·天津西青·統(tǒng)考二模）Itmightbestrangetowearclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Butinfact,someclothingcompaniesarealreadymakingclotheslikethese.FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjumpsuits,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfillsandoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose(分解).Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelpimprovetheenvironment,”saidAliaJuma,thecompany’sdesignerdirector.Manyotherfashioncompaniesarefindingsimilarwaystosaveourplanetthesedays.Theprocessisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremeltedandshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(線).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.AccordingtoJuma,ittakes67,000bottlestocreateItonofthread.Thisreducescarbonemissions(碳排放)by4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tonscomparedwiththenormalwayofmakingthread.“Fourbottlescanmakeonepillowcase(枕套).Fivecanmakeashirt,10dresses,and20ashortcoat,”Jumasaid.Somepeoplemighthavedoubts(疑問)aboutwearingsomethingmadeoutofplasticbottles.ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(創(chuàng)新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldevenbebetterthannylonandpolyester(聚酯纖維).Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures(織物),suchascotton,silk,orevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.10．WhatclothesinplasticdidJUMAshowatitsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai?A．Dresses,jumpsuitsandshoes. B．Jackets,shirtsandjumpsuits.C．Shirts,dressesandhats. D．Pants,jacketsanddresses.11．WhydoesJUMAmakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?A．Plasticbottlesareveryfashionable.B．JUMAmadeeighteenclothesoutofplasticbottles.C．Plasticbottlesareeasytomakeclothes.D．Tohelpimprovetheenvironment.12．Howdoesaplasticbottlebecomeathread?A．Theplasticbottlesaremeltedtoformthread.B．Theplasticbottlesarecutintosmallpieces,shapedintosmallballsandmeltedtoformthread.C．Theplasticbottlesareusedtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.D．Theplasticbottlesarecutintosmallpiecesandmeltedagaintoformthread.13．Howmanyplasticbottlesdoesashortcoatneed?A．4. B．5. C．10. D．20.14．Whatdocsthewriterthinkoftheinnovation?A．Itisboring. B．Itisbad. C．Itisuseful. D．Itisstrange【答案】10．B

11．D

12．B

13．D

14．C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了目前為了減少塑料瓶對環(huán)境的危害，許多公司研究制造了用回收的塑料瓶做的服裝。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjumpsuits,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.”可知JUMA在上海的一家作坊里展示了用回收塑料瓶制作的衣服，包括連體褲，夾克衫，襯衫和裙子。故選B。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfillsandoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose.Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelpimprovetheenvironment”可知用回收的塑料瓶做衣服可以幫助改善環(huán)境。故選D。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremeltedandshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread”可知塑料瓶制成線的步驟是洗干凈——切成小片——融化并塑形成小球——再次融化制成線。故選B。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Fivecanmakeashirt,10dresses,and20ashortcoat,”可知5個塑料瓶能制成一件襯衫，10個能制成一件裙子并且20個能制成一件短上衣。故選D。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures,suchascotton,silk,orevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.”可知這項創(chuàng)新可能引領一個時尚的更綠色的未來。故選C。D（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考一模）HaveyoueversearchedtheInternetforsomeinformationwhenyoufeeluncomfortable?AnewstudyfindsthatmorethaneightypercentofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.SusannahFoxfromthePewInternetProjectsaysdoctorsarestillmainsource(來源)ofhealthinformationwhenpeoplegetsick.Butthestudyfindsthatsearchingonlineisoneoftheleadingwaysthatpeoplelookforasecondopinion.Hesays,“Ourstudiesshowthatforty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonlinewhentheyneedadiagnosisorareplanningatreatmentdesign(治療方案).Two-thirdsofInternetuserslookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalconditiononline.”TheInternethasalsobecomeanimportantsourceofspiritual(精神上的)supportforpeoplewithhealthproblems.SusannahFoxsaysoneinfiveInternetusershasgoneonlinetofindotherpeoplewhohavethesamecondition.Adiseaseisconsidereduncommonifitinfluencesfewerthan200,000peoplearoundtheworld.Theriseofsocialnetworking(社交網(wǎng)絡)hasmadeiteasierforpeoplewithuncommondiseasestoconnectwitheachotherandfeellesslonely.Socialnetworkingisalsochangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachother.Dr.JeffLivingstonoperatesamedicalcenterforwomeninTexas,America.HismedicalcenteralsohassomepagesontheInternet.HesaystheInternethaslowedcostsandimprovedrelationswithpatients.Ithasjustchangedthewaytheydohealthcare.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。15．Theunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph“diagnosis”means“_______”inChinese.A．護理 B．診斷 C．創(chuàng)新16．Anewstudyfindsthatover_______ofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.A．2/3 B．44% C．80%17．Thepeoplewhohavehealthproblemscan_______online.①lookfordoctorsorotherproviders②lookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalcondition③findotherpeoplewhohavethesameconditionsothattheycangetspiritualsupport④connectwiththepeoplewhohavethesameconditionandgetthetreatmentdesignfromthemA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④18．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Adiseaseisconsidereduncommonifitinfluencesfewerthan20,000peoplearoundtheworld.B．Patientswillbetreated(治療)bydoctorswithoutgoingtothehospitalsoon.C．Nowsocialnetworkingischangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachotheraswell.19．Thepassagemainlytellsus_________.A．theInternethasimprovedrelationsbetweendoctorsandpatientsB．theInternetischangingtheworldgreatlyC．theInternethasplayedanimportantpartinthelifeofpeoplewithhealthproblems【答案】15．B

16．C

17．A

18．C

19．C【導語】本文主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在有健康問題的人們的生活中扮演了重要的角色。15．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Ourstudiesshowthatforty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonlinewhentheyneedadiagnosisorareplanningatreatmentdesign(治療方案).”可知，44%的人在需要診斷或計劃治療設計時，實際上是在網(wǎng)上尋找醫(yī)生或其他提供者，因此“diagnosis”意為“診斷”，故選B。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AnewstudyfindsthatmorethaneightypercentofInternetusersintheUnitedStatessearchforhealthinformationonline.”可知，超過80%的美國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶在網(wǎng)上搜索健康信息，故選C。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“forty-fourpercentofpeopleareactuallylookingfordoctorsorotherprovidersonline”；“Two-thirdsofInternetuserslookforinformationaboutacertaindiseaseormedicalconditiononline.”和“oneinfiveInternetusershasgoneonlinetofindotherpeoplewhohavethesamecondition.”可知，有健康問題的人會再在網(wǎng)上搜索信息或者尋找醫(yī)生或者尋找其他有同樣癥狀的人，故選A。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Socialnetworkingisalsochangingthewaysomedoctorsandpatientscommunicatewitheachother.”可知，社交網(wǎng)絡正在改變一些醫(yī)生和病人之間的溝通方式，故選C。19．主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在有健康問題的人們的生活中扮演了重要的角色，故選C。E（2022·江西贛州·統(tǒng)考一模）Itmightbestrangetowearclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Butinfact,someclothingcompaniesarealreadymakingsuchclothes.FashionbrandJUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitemsfromthecollection,includingjackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottleswerebeingthrownintolandfills(垃圾填埋場)andoceanseveryyearandthatthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstodecompose(分解).Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelptheenvironment,”saidAliaJuma,thecompany’sdesigndirector.Manyotherfashioncompaniesarefindingsimilarwaystosaveourplanetthesedays.Theprocessisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(線).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.AccordingtoJuma,ittakes67,000bottlestocreate1tonofthread.Thisreducescarbonemissions(碳排放)by4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tonscomparedwiththenormalwayofmakingthread.“Fourbottlescanmakeonepillowcase(枕套).Fivecanmakeashirt,10adressand20ashortcoat,”Jumasaid.Somepeoplemighthavedoubtsaboutwearingsomethingmadeoutofplasticbottles.ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(創(chuàng)新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldbeevenbetterthannylon(尼龍)andpolyester(聚酯纖維).Plasticthreadcanbemadeintodifferenttextures(材質(zhì)),suchascotton,silkorevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.20．WhydidJUMAmakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?A．Tocompetewithothercompanies. B．Tocreateanewfashion.C．Tohelptheenvironment. D．Tomeettheneedsoftheirdesigndirector.21．Howtomakeclothesoutofplasticbottles?Choosetherightorder.①theyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.②peopleusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.③theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.④theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(線).A．③④①② B．③①④② C．②③①④ D．②③④①22．AccordingtoCauseartist,clothesmadefromplasticbottles________.A．willcausedoubts B．a(chǎn)restrangetowear C．a(chǎn)reofbetterquality D．needtobegreener23．What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Clothesmadefromplastics. B．Theprocessofmakingclothes.C．Thereasonformakingplasticclothes. D．Saveourplanet.【答案】20．C

21．B

22．C

23．A【導語】本文主要講的是將廢棄的塑料瓶重復利用，用來制作衣服，創(chuàng)建環(huán)保社會的事。20．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wethoughtweshouldusethemtocreateourclothesandhelptheenvironment”可知我們認為我們應該用它們來創(chuàng)造我們的服裝，幫助環(huán)境。即為了幫助保護環(huán)境。故選C。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformthread(線).Peoplecanthenusethethreadtomakedifferentkindsofclothes.”首先，清洗塑料瓶并將其切成小塊。然后，它們被融化并成形成小球。這些球再次融化成線。然后人們可以用這根線做不同種類的衣服?？芍_的順序應該是③①④②。故選B。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(創(chuàng)新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldbeevenbetterthannylon(尼龍)andpolyester(聚酯纖維).”可知，用塑料瓶制成的衣服質(zhì)量更好。故選C。23．最佳標題題。本文主要講的是將廢棄的塑料瓶重復利用，用來制作衣服，創(chuàng)建環(huán)保社會的事。所以最好的標題是:Clothesmadefromplastics“塑料制成的衣服”。故選A。F（2022·河北保定·統(tǒng)考二模）Nationalmedalsandhonorarytitles(榮譽稱號)areusuallyawardedeveryfiveyears.Asapartofthecelebrationofthe70thanniversary(周年)ofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),42peopleareawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,theFriendshipMedalandnationalhonorarytitles.Theycomefromdifferentbackgrounds,includingscientists,lawmakers,educators,artists,modelworkersandsixnon-Chinesepeople.Allhavemadebigcontributionstothenation’sconstructionanddevelopment.Herearesomeofthepeoplewellknow.ChinesescientistTuYouyouisoneoftheeightwhowereawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.Tu,whowonthe2015NobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofthemalariadrugartemisinin(抗瘧藥物青蒿素),isthefirstChinesecitizentowinaNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Shehassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide.Shehasalsomadeimportantscientificinnovations(創(chuàng)新)intraditionalChinesemedicine.NanRendong,beforehisdeathin2017,ledtheresearchanddevelopmentofChina’sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope(FAST,500米口徑球面斑電望遠鏡),theworld’slargestradiotelescope.He