2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)寧市兗州區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題解析版(不含聽力音頻)

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)寧市兗州區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，共10頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，將第Ⅱ卷答題卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考生號(hào)、縣區(qū)和科類填寫在答題卡和第Ⅱ卷答題卷規(guī)定的位置上。2.第Ⅰ卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.第Ⅱ卷答題卷必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卷各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)的位置，不能寫在試卷上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。第Ⅰ卷（共87.5分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hefailedtheexam.B.Hecouldn’tplaythegame.C.Hefeltsadforthewoman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：Whydoyoulooksosad?M：I'mratherdisappointedatnotbeingabletopasstheexam.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobably?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inapostoffice. C.Inabookstore.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W：Iwantanenvelope,please.M：Doyouwantthelargersizeorthesmallersize?W：Thelargersize,please.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Work. B.Food. C.Weather.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Itseemstobeclearinguptomorrow.M：It'ssuchanicechange.W：Ireallydon'thopetherainwilllast.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Managerandsecretary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Billhasworkedfiveyearsintheoffice.M：Hemustbeexperiencedinhiswork.W：Yousaidit.Wecanaskhimtoworkinourcompany.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersleaveforthesubwaystation?A.At8:30. B.At8:00. C.At8:40.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M：Jenny,thetrainleavesat9：40am.Weshouldsetoffat8o'clock.W：Howabouthalfanhourlater?Thesubwaywilltakeusthereinfortyminutes.M：OKthen.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhydoesthemanplantogotoAustralia?A.Becausehewantstodobusiness.B.Becausehewantstostudythere.C.Becausehewantstohaveaholiday.7.Whatshouldthemando?A.Fillinaform. B.Answersomequestions. C.Haveatest.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M：Goodmorning!I'mcomingtoapplyforanentryvisa.Here'smypassport,andtherearethepapers.W：Sitdown,please.WhatdoyouwanttogotoAustraliafor?M：I'mgoingthereforfurtherstudy.Thisistheletterofacceptancefromtheuniversity.Andthisoneismyletterofapplication.W：Butyoustillhavetofillinanapplicationform.Hereyouare!Youcantakeithometofillout,ifyoulike.M：Thankyou.HowlongdoIhavetowaitforthevisa?W：We'llsendyoupapers,butitusuallytakesmonthsforyoutogetareply.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataparty. B.Athome. C.Atarestaurant.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomanwear?A.Thepurpleshirt. B.Thelongwhitedress. C.Theblackeveningdress.10.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Takingachild. B.Takingnothing. C.Takingahandbag.【答案】8.B9.C10.C【解析】【原文】W：Dear,doesthispurpleshirtmatchmyhandbag?M：Yeah,butIdon'tthinkpurplesuitsyou.W：Well,youmightberight.Whatdoyouthinkofthislongwhitedress?M：Butitisnotfortonight'sparty.W：Doesthisblackeveningdresslooknice?M：Yeah.Itwillgowiththeparty.W：That'sit.NeedItakemyhandbag?M：That'salwaysnecessaryforladies.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Astudent. B.Aheadmaster. C.Ateacher.12.Whatarethosestudentslike?A.Shy. B.Active. C.Hard-working.13.Whydoesthewomanhavetogo?A.Becauseofherfriends. B.Becauseofherhealth. C.Becauseofherparents.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M：Whatdoyouthinkofthestudentsinourclass?W：Ilovethosechildren.Theyaresolively.M：Theyloveyoutoo.Theysaidthatyouwerethebestteachertheyhadeverhad.W：WhenIfirstcameintotheclassroom,allthestudentsstoodupandlookedatme.Theyallhadasmileontheirfaces.M：Itseemsthattheybeganlovingyoufromtheverybeginning.W：Right.Theyarealsoveryactive.Nooneisshy.M：That'swhyyoubecamefriendswitheachother.W：Ireallydon'twanttoleave.ButIhavetobecauseofmyparents.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinnerparty?A.Bad. B.Justso-so. C.Verywell.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheboss?A.He’skind-hearted. B.He’sfunny. C.He’simpolite.16.Whatdoesthewomanmeanbyherlastwords?A.Themanshouldn’thaveinvitedsuchamantohisdinnerparty.B.Themanshouldhaveletthebossleaveearlier.C.Thebossshouldsaysorrytothecouple.【答案】14.C15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W：Howwasyourdinnerparty?M：Ithinkitwentprettywell.Peoplereallyseemedtoenjoythemselves.W：That'sgood.M：Butweshouldn'thaveinvitedmywife'sbossagain.Wecannevergethimtoleave!W：Really?Howlatedidhestaythistime?M：Untiltwoo'clockinthemorning!Andwebothhadtogetupearly.W：Oh,heshouldn'thavestayedsolate.Youshouldhaveaskedhimtoleaveearlier.M：Well,it'sprettydifficulttodothattomywife'sboss.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Afamoushotel.B.Thespeaker’sweddingparty.C.Anunforgettablenight.18.Wheredidthespeakerescapefrom?A.Theentrance. B.Thewindow. C.Thebackdoor.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheguests?A.Oneofthemwaskilled.B.Theykeptcalmallalong.C.Someofthemwereinjured.20.Whatcausedthefire?A.Cigarettes. B.Linefailure. C.Lightning.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】Itwasmy21stbirthdayandIwantedtohaveanunforgettablenight.SoIarrangedtohaveapartyatthisfamoushotel.ItwasawarmeveninginthemiddleofAugust,butbecauseitwasrainingheavilyoutsidewehadtostayinthehotelallnight.Therewerealotofguestsatthepartyandtheroomwaspacked.IwasdancingwhenIsawthesmoke.Peoplebegantopanic,butthereweresomanyofusthatwecouldn'tgetoutquickly.Soontheroomwasfullofsmoke.Imanagedtoopenawindowandgetoutoftheburningbuilding.Thefirefightersarrivedshortlyafter,butittookalongtimeforthemtoputoutthefire.Luckily,alltheguestsgotoutintime.Someofthemhadtogotohospitalbecauseofburnsandbreathingproblems.Fortunately,thefirefightershadputoutthefirebeforeitspreadtotherestofthehotel.However,theroomwherethepartywasheldwascompletelydestroyed.Iwastoldlaterthatitwasbecausethebuildinghadbeenstruckbylightning.Canyoubelieveit.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分42.5分）第一節(jié)（共12小題；每小題2.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AItcanbetoughtopullkidsawayfromtheircomputersandmobilephonesthesedays.Whilethey’replayinggames,wouldn’titbegreatiftheycouldbelearningatthesametime?Goodeducationalappsofferfunchallengesthatteachspecificgrade-levelskills.Herearefourthatcombine(結(jié)合)funandlearning.UnderstandingMath($3.99;iOS)UnderstandingMathgoesbeyondbasiccomprehensiontogainadeeperunderstandingofthewhysandhowsofmath.Theapptracksyourchild’sprogresstodeterminestrengthsandweaknessesindifferentskillareas,andyoucancustomize(訂制)yourchild’slearningexperiencetosuittheneeds.WordCreativityKit($2.99;iOS)WordCreativityKitaimsnotonlytomakecreativewritingfunbutalsobuildupgrammarrules.Theapppresentsaseriesofwordsfromsevencategories,suchasspaceorfantasy.Kidsaddtheirownwordstofinishthecompletethoughtsthatthesewordshaveinspired.BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)BarefootWorldAtlashelpskidslearnaboutgeographyandworldcultureswithatouchofthescreen.Eachregionfeaturesasetofsub-topics,fromwildlifeandnaturalfeaturestonativepeople,landmarks,andarchitecture.Thesefactsandillustrationsaredeliveredinphotographs,sounds,andhundredsofminivideos.MyGrades&Homework($0.99;iOS)Acombinationofgradesandhomeworktracker,MyGrades&Homeworkcanhelpyourchildstayorganizedandontopoftheprogressinschool.Aconvenientcalendarandcourselistformatandofferaglanceatyourchild’sassignmentschedulethatheorshemightnotnormallygetfromstandardhomeworkplanners.21.Whichappishelpfultoimprovechildren’swritingskills?A.UnderstandingMath. B.WordCreativityKit.C.BarefootWorldAtlas. D.MyGrades&Homework.22.Whatisthecommonpartofthefourapps?A.Theyhelpchildrenimprovegrades.B.Theymakestudiesfunforminivideos.C.Theyneedbuyingwhentheyareused.D.Theyinformparentsoftheirchildren’sprogress.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencourageparentstoallowtheirstudentstoplayapps.B.Totellreadershowtousethefunctionsofeducationalapps.C.Tointroducefoureducationalappsforreaderstobuyanduse.D.Todesigntheeducationalappstocombinefunandlearning.24.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor________.A.Parents B.TeachersC.Kids D.Students【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四個(gè)有趣的學(xué)習(xí)app供讀者購買和使用?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由WordCreativityKit($2.99;iOS)中的“WordCreativityKitaimsnotonlytomakecreativewritingfunbutalsobuildupgrammarrules.(WordCreativityKit的目標(biāo)不僅是讓創(chuàng)造性寫作變得有趣，還可以建立語法規(guī)則)”可知，WordCreativityKit能幫助孩子寫作和建立語法規(guī)則。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由UnderstandingMath($3.99;iOS)，WordCreativityKit($2.99;iOS)，BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)和MyGrades&Homework($0.99;iOS)可知，每個(gè)app之后出現(xiàn)的價(jià)格可以推斷，下載這些應(yīng)用使用時(shí)需要付費(fèi)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Goodeducationalappsofferfunchallengesthatteachspecificgrade-levelskills.Herearefourthatcombine(結(jié)合)funandlearning.(好的教育應(yīng)用程序提供有趣的挑戰(zhàn)，教授特定年級的技能。這里有四個(gè)結(jié)合了樂趣和學(xué)習(xí)的教育應(yīng)用程序)”和每個(gè)應(yīng)用后面的價(jià)格可以推斷出，本文主要介紹一些有趣的教育app讓讀者購買使用。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Itcanbetoughtopullkidsawayfromtheircomputersandmobilephonesthesedays.Whilethey’replayinggames,wouldn’titbegreatiftheycouldbelearningatthesametime?Goodeducationalappsofferfunchallengesthatteachspecificgrade-levelskills.Herearefourthatcombine(結(jié)合)funandlearning.(如今，讓孩子們遠(yuǎn)離電腦和手機(jī)可能很難。當(dāng)他們在玩游戲時(shí)，如果他們能同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，那不是很好嗎？好的教育應(yīng)用程序提供有趣的挑戰(zhàn)，教授特定年級的技能。這里有四個(gè)結(jié)合了樂趣和學(xué)習(xí)的教育應(yīng)用程序)”和每個(gè)應(yīng)用后面的價(jià)格可以推斷出，本文主要介紹一些有趣的教育app讓父母購買使用，文章應(yīng)該是寫給父母的。故選A項(xiàng)。BAtthefootoftheTianmuMountaininZhejiang,ahomestay(民宿)isattractingtravelersfromfarandwide,whichhaswonarchitecturalmedalatthe2021GermaniFDesignAwards.Theownersofthehomestayareacoupleintheirlate30swhodecidedtoreturntotheirhometownthreeyearsago.LiXiumeiusedtobeinchargeofadivisionatacompanyinHangzhou,andherhusbandwasasalesdirector.ItwasanordinarysituationwhereLi’shusbandwasonbusinesstripsalotandListillworkedonweekends.Citylifesometimesisnoteasy.In2018,theyquitjobsandwentbacktoDongtianmuvillage,whichliesinaforestofbamboo.Thefirsttimetheydroveintothevillagewasonelateafternoon.Thecookingsmokewasrisingfromthefootofthemountain,whichgavethemaverydifferentfeelingfromthecity.Thehomestaywasbuiltbesideherhusband’soldcountrysidehouse.Theoldhouseispreserved(保留),whileabrand-newbuildingwasbuiltonitssideandthewholesiteismadeupoffourcourtyards.Ithasbeenupdatedtohaveahall,atearoom,akitchen,adiningroom.Japanesecherrytreesareplantedintheeastcourtyard.Aswimmingpoolisplacedinthewestcourtyard,withabarlocatedononeside.Liandherhusbandlovegardeningandmusic,andtheirnewhomegivesthemenoughspacetocontinuetheirinterestsandrelaxintheheartofnature.Liwantstosharethequietcountrylife,soshemakeshernewhomeahomestay.In2019,thehomestaybecameanonlinehitafterguestssharedtheirexperiencesonsocialmedia.“ThelongerIstayhere,themoreIfeelitwastherightchoicetocomeback,andthisismoremeaningfulthanmakingmoney,”Lisays.25.HowdidLifeelaboutcitylife?A.Satisfied. B.Noisy. C.Attractive. D.Tired26.Whatimpressedthecouplewhenfirstdrivingtothevillage?A.Theforestofbamboo. B.Thesmokeofcooking.C.Thefreshairinthevillage. D.Thefeelingofloneliness.27.Whatcanweinferaboutthehomestayfromparagraph4?A.Itisancientandbroken. B.Itcanholdmanyguests.C.Itmusthavebeencarefullydesigned. D.Ithasbeenrebuiltbythecouple.28.What’smoremeaningfulthanearningmoneyaccordingtoLi?A.Continuingtheirmusicdream. B.Livinginthecountryside.C.Stayingattheoldhouse. D.Developingacity.【答案】25.D26.B27.C28.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。講述了浙江天目山腳下的一家民宿吸引著來自四面八方的游客，該民宿在2021年德國iF設(shè)計(jì)獎(jiǎng)的建筑獎(jiǎng)牌?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ItwasanordinarysituationwhereLi’shusbandwasonbusinesstripsalotandListillworkedonweekends.Citylifesometimesisnoteasy.(這是一個(gè)普通的情況，李某的丈夫經(jīng)常出差，而李仍然在周末工作。城市生活有時(shí)并不容易。)”可以推知，李某覺得城市生活很累。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thefirsttimetheydroveintothevillagewasonelateafternoon.Thecookingsmokewasrisingfromthefootofthemountain,whichgavethemaverydifferentfeelingfromthecity.(他們第一次開車進(jìn)村子是在一個(gè)傍晚。炊煙從山腳下升起，給他們一種與城市截然不同的感覺。)”可知，當(dāng)夫婦倆第一次開車去村子時(shí)，炊煙給他們留下了深刻的印象。故選B項(xiàng)。27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theoldhouseispreserved(保留),whileabrand-newbuildingwasbuiltonitssideandthewholesiteismadeupoffourcourtyards.Ithasbeenupdatedtohaveahall,atearoom,akitchen,adiningroom.Japanesecherrytreesareplantedintheeastcourtyard.Aswimmingpoolisplacedinthewestcourtyard,withabarlocatedononeside.(老房子被保留下來，而在它的一側(cè)建造了一個(gè)全新的建筑，整個(gè)場地由四個(gè)庭院組成。它已經(jīng)更新為一個(gè)大廳，一個(gè)茶室，一個(gè)廚房，一個(gè)餐廳。東院里種著日本櫻桃樹。游泳池位于西庭院，酒吧位于一側(cè)。)”可以推知，這個(gè)民宿一定是精心設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Liwantstosharethequietcountrylife,soshemakeshernewhomeahomestay.(李某想要分享安靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活，所以她把她的新家變成了寄宿家庭。)”以及李某所說“ThelongerIstayhere,themoreIfeelitwastherightchoicetocomeback,andthisismoremeaningfulthanmakingmoney(我在這里待得越久，就越覺得回歸是正確的選擇，這比賺錢更有意義。)”可以推知，住在鄉(xiāng)村居住生活比掙錢更有意義。故選B項(xiàng)。CThere’snopizzaonMars,butscientistshavefoundasolutiontothisproblemforhungryastronauts:apizzaprinter!NASA,theAmericanspaceagency,hasdevelopedamachinethat“prints”food.TheyshowedamodeloftheprinterinAustin,Howdoesitwork?Cartridges(墨盒)filledwithpowdereddough(面粉團(tuán)),cheese,sauce,waterandoilputtheingredientslayer(層)bylayerontoaprinterbed.Theprinterbed,whichgetshotfrombelow,cooksthefoodasit’sbeingprinted.Sincemostoftheingredientsarepowdered,theycanbesentintospaceandstoredformanyyearswithoutgoingbad.Watermakesfoodgosour,sothefoodpowdersaremixedwithwaterandoilonlywhentheyarebeingprinted.“Long-distancespacetravelrequiresmorethan15yearsofshelflifeforfood.”saysAnjanContractor,whosecompanydevelopedtheprinter.“Wetakewaterout,andinthatform,foodwilllastmaybe30years.”Inouterspace,therearefarfewerchoicesforastronautsfordinner.Mostoftheirfoods—eventhingslikebeeforshrimp—areeatenfrombagsaspowders(粉末).Scientistshopethenewfoodprintercanbeusedtomakemoredeliciousfoodinouterspace,keepingastronautshealthierandhappier.Buttheprinterisnotlimitedtouseinouterspace.ScientiststhinkitcouldbeusefulonEarth,too.Itcouldallowpersonalmealstobemadeatthedinnertable,accordingtoeachperson’sdifferentneeds.“Let’ssaysomeoneisanathleteinthefamily,andheneedsmoreprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),”saysAnjanContractor,founderofSystemsandMaterialsResearchCorp,thecompanydevelopingtheprinter.“Wecandesignrecipesforhimandprintoutmoreprotein-nutritiousfoodforhim.”29.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.TheadvantagesoftheprinterB.HowdoestheprinterworkC.HowtheprinterwasinventedD.Thefoodinouterspacewillnevergobad.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stored”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.sold B.kept C.transported D.eaten31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Astronautseatbeefpowderinouterspace.B.Onlyastronautsandathletescaneatthefoodfromtheprinter.C.Theprintercanonlybeusedinouterspace.D.AmodelofthefoodprinterwasshowninNewYorklastmonth.32.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Astronauts’LifeinOuterSpace B.Hungry?JustPrint!C.HowtoMakePizza D.LongLastingFood【答案】29.B30.B31.A32.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一種可“打印”食物的機(jī)器的原理和優(yōu)勢。【29題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Howdoesitwork?（它是如何工作的?）”可知，本段主要是紹打印機(jī)是怎么工作的。故選B。【30題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“formanyyearswithoutgoingbad（多年而不變質(zhì)）”可知，這些食物被保存的很好，所以stored指的是“保存、儲(chǔ)存”的意思。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Mostoftheirfoods—eventhingslikebeeforshrimp—areeatenfrombagsaspowders.（他們的大部分食物——甚至像牛肉或蝦這樣的東西——都是裝在袋子里當(dāng)作粉末吃的。）”可知，宇航員在外太空吃牛肉粉。故選A。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“There’snopizzaonMars,butscientistshavefoundasolutiontothisproblemforhungryastronauts:apizzaprinter!NASA,theAmericanspaceagency,hasdevelopedamachinethat“prints”food.（火星上沒有披薩，但科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)為饑餓的宇航員找到了解決這個(gè)問題的辦法：披薩打印機(jī)!美國國家航空航天局(NASA)開發(fā)了一種“打印”食物的機(jī)器。）”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種可“打印”食物的機(jī)器的原理和優(yōu)勢。所以“Hungry?JustPrint!(餓了嗎?只需打印就行!)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoHaveaHealthyBrainStayingfitisnotjustforyourbody.___33___Brainfitnessisaboutkeepingthemindsharpandpreventingcognitivedisease(認(rèn)知上的疾病).Youhavetheabilitytodevelophealthybrainthroughbrainexerciseandsocialinteraction.Nomatterwhenyoustart,whetherit’searlyorlateinlife,followingsomesimplepracticescanhelpinbrainhealth.Learnanewskill.___34___Newskillsnotonlyimprovememory,buttheyhelpthepartofthebrainthatensuresprotectionofthememories.What’smore,newskills,particularlymoredifficultskills,aremorehelpfultobrainfunctions(功能)thaneasyones.___35___BraingamessuchasSudokuandcrosswordpuzzleshavebeenshowntoimproveconnectionsinthebrain.Theyalsohaveaninfluenceonshort-termmemory,andhavebeenshowntobegoodtothebrainhealth.Sotrytokeepyourmindasactiveaspossible.Practicememorization(記憶).Workwithshortgoalsfirst.Andthentrymemorizingmoredifficultlists.ItcanbethestatesintheU.S.,orthebonesinthehumanbody.___36___Readandlearnnewwordsoften.Readingaseriesofmaterial—books,magazinesorpoetry—exercisesthebrain.___37___Andithasbeenshowntoimprovebrainandmakebrainmoreactiveinmanydifferentparts.A.Challengeyourself.B.Playbraingames.C.Itisawaytoimprovementalhealth.D.Itisalsoimportanttokeepafitbrain.E.Tryingtomemorizedifficultlistshelpsthebraingreatly.F.Learningnewwordsissimilartolearninganewlanguage.G.Researchhasshownthatnewskillscanimprovebrainfunctions.【答案】33.D34.G35.B36.E37.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了保持大腦健康是重要的以及就如何保持大腦健康給出一些方法。【33題詳解】由上文“Stayingfitisnotjustforyourbody.(保持健康不僅僅是為了你的身體)”可知，此處說的是保持健康的重要性，句中的“notjust”表示不僅，所以后面應(yīng)該有“而且”，選項(xiàng)D中的“also”表示而且，承接下文“Brainfitnessisaboutkeepingthemindsharpandpreventingcognitivedisease.(大腦健康可以保持頭腦敏銳和預(yù)防認(rèn)知疾病)”講大腦健康，D選項(xiàng)“保持大腦健康也很重要?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】由上文“Learnanewskill.(學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能)”和下文“Newskillsnotonlyimprovememory,buttheyhelpthepartofthebrainthatensuresprotectionofthememories.What’smore,newskills,particularlymoredifficultskills,aremorehelpfultobrainfunctions(功能)thaneasyones.(新技能不僅能提高記憶力，還能幫助大腦保護(hù)記憶的部分。更重要的是，新技能，尤其是較難的技能，比簡單技能對大腦功能更有幫助)”可知，本段圍繞新技能來敘述，講新技能對大腦的好處，承接上下文，G選項(xiàng)“研究表明，新技能可以改善大腦功能?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一段是介紹大腦健康是很重要的，二三四五段每一段是一條保持大腦健康的方法，且每段第一句是中心思想，所以空處是這段的中心句，由下文“BraingamessuchasSudokuandcrosswordpuzzleshavebeenshowntoimproveconnectionsinthebrain.Theyalsohaveaninfluenceonshort-termmemory,andhavebeenshowntobegoodtothebrainhealth.Sotrytokeepyourmindasactiveaspossible.(數(shù)獨(dú)和填字游戲等腦力游戲已被證明可以改善大腦中的連接。它們對短期記憶也有影響，并已被證明對大腦健康有益。所以盡量保持你的思維活躍)”可知，此段主要講的是腦力游戲的好處，承接下文，B選項(xiàng)“玩腦力游戲。”切題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】由上文“Practicememorization(記憶).(練習(xí)記憶)”和“Andthentrymemorizingmoredifficultlists.ItcanbethestatesintheU.S.,orthebonesinthehumanbody.(然后試著記住更難的列表?？梢允敲绹闹?，也可以是人體的骨骼)”可知，關(guān)于如何保持大腦健康，本段作者的方法是要練習(xí)記憶，上文講的是要練習(xí)記憶難度高的東西，空處進(jìn)行總結(jié)，即練習(xí)記憶難度高的東西對大腦的好處，承接上文，E選項(xiàng)“試著記憶難度高的列表能很好地幫助大腦。”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上文“Readandlearnnewwordsoften.Readingaseriesofmaterial—books,magazinesorpoetry—exercisesthebrain.(經(jīng)常閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)一些新單詞。讀一系列材料如書，雜志或者詩來練習(xí)大腦)”可知，此段講的是從兩方面即閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)新單詞來練習(xí)大腦，已經(jīng)講了通過閱讀來練習(xí)大腦，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是從學(xué)習(xí)單詞方面來練習(xí)大腦，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)新單詞就像學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言。”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空（共15題；每題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TimMa’sparentscametotheUnitedStatesfromTaiwaninthe1970s.Theyopeneda___38___.Itwasnotasuccess.TheyfoundsuccessinAmerica,___39___,incomputersandengineering.Becauseoftheirown___40___,Ma’sparentshopedhewouldstudytobecomeanengineer.Growingup,Maconsideredmany___41___—writer,fireman,evenpresident.Buthehadasenseearlyon.Hedidn’twanttobea(n)___42___.His___43___couldnotunderstandwhyhejustwantedtoopenarestaurant.Theyhadworkedlonghoursontheirownrestaurant,still___44___.ButMaremained___45___.Hewasgoingtodothingsdifferentlythanthem.Hewasabletolearnfromtheironemajor___46___asrestaurantowners—theyknewverylittleabouttheartofcooking.Theirchef(廚師)____47____andopenedaChineserestaurantacrossthestreetwhichreallyputtheminabad____48____.So,atage30,Mareturnedtoschool—onecookingschool.Hereceivedtrainingin____49____cooking.In2009,Maopenedhisfirstrestaurant,which____50____excellentcuisine.AtMapleAvenue,Maworkedlonghours,sevendaysaweek.Hishardwork____51____.Maopenedhisfourthrestaurantlastyear.He____52____histraininginFrenchcookingwithhisChineseheritage(傳承)tocreatenewdishes.38.A.company B.school C.hospital D.restaurant39.A.however B.and C.besides D.then40.A.feelings B.manners C.predictions D.experiences41.A.persons B.jobs C.dreams D.questions42.A.doctor B.chef C.engineer D.professor43.A.relatives B.friends C.parents D.classmates44.A.working B.disappearing C.falling D.failing45.A.certain B.silent C.calm D.anxious46.A.habit B.practice C.point D.mistake47.A.came B.left C.stole D.cheated48.A.situation B.habit C.sense D.feeling49.A.Chinese B.American C.French D.Mexican50.A.serves B.studies C.collects D.benefits51.A.tookoff B.paidoff C.ranout D.gotout52.A.improved B.shared C.translated D.mixed【答案】38.D39.A40.D41.B42.C43.C44.D45.A46.D47.B48.A49.C50.A51.B52.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，廚師TimMa的父母均為臺(tái)灣到美國的移民，因餐館經(jīng)營失敗，但在計(jì)算機(jī)和工程行業(yè)取得了成功，希望兒子能夠成為移民工程師，以確保經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障；然而，幾經(jīng)波折，TimMa對經(jīng)營餐館更感興趣，于是不顧父母的反對，學(xué)習(xí)餐飲，并經(jīng)過不懈的努力，后來他在這一行做的很成功?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們開了一家餐館。A.company公司；B.school學(xué)校；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.restaurant餐館。由下文的“Theyhadworkedlonghoursontheirownrestaurant”可知，TimMa的父母曾經(jīng)開了一家餐館。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他們在美國的計(jì)算機(jī)和工程領(lǐng)域取得了成功。A.however然而；B.and和；C.besides此外；D.then然后。由上文的“Itwasnotasuccess.”和本處的“TheyfoundsuccessinAmerica,___2___,incomputersandengineering.”可知，TimMa的父母開餐館不成功，但在美國的計(jì)算機(jī)和工程領(lǐng)域取得了成功，上下文表轉(zhuǎn)折，用however。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他們自己的經(jīng)歷，TimMa的父母希望他能學(xué)習(xí)成為一名工程師。A.feelings感情；B.manners禮貌；C.predictions預(yù)測；D.experiences經(jīng)歷。由上文語境可知，TimMa的父母開餐館不成功，但在美國的計(jì)算機(jī)和工程領(lǐng)域取得了成功，正是因?yàn)檫@種經(jīng)歷，TimMa的父母希望他能學(xué)習(xí)成為一名工程師。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在成長過程中，TimMa考慮過很多工作，比如作家、消防員，甚至總統(tǒng)。A.persons人；B.jobs工作；C.dreams夢想；D.questions問題。由下文的“writer,fireman,evenpresident”可知，這是TimMa考慮過的工作。故選B項(xiàng)。42題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他不想當(dāng)工程師。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.chef廚師；C.engineer工程師；D.professor教授。由上文的“Ma’sparentshopedhewouldstudytobecomeanengineer”和下文的“hejustwantedtoopenarestaurant”可知，TimMa的父母希望他能學(xué)習(xí)成為一名工程師，但TimMa卻只想開餐館做廚師，說明他不想當(dāng)工程師。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母不明白他為什么只想開一家餐館。A.relatives親戚；B.friends朋友；C.parents父母；D.classmates同學(xué)。由上文的“Ma’sparentshopedhewouldstudytobecomeanengineer”和下文的“couldnotunderstandwhyhejustwantedtoopenarestaurant”可知，TimMa的父母希望他能學(xué)習(xí)成為一名工程師，對于TimMa為什么只想開一家餐館一事，應(yīng)該是TimMa的父母不明白。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在自己的餐廳工作了很長時(shí)間，但仍然失敗。A.working工作；B.disappearing消失；C.falling落下；D.failing失敗。由上文的“Itwasnotasuccess.”可知，TimMa的父母開餐館不成功，即失敗了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但TimMa仍然堅(jiān)信這一點(diǎn)。A.certain確定的；B.silent沉默的；C.calm冷靜的；D.anxious焦慮的。由下文的“Hewasgoingtodothingsdifferentlythanthem.”和“So,atage30,Mareturnedtoschool—onecookingschool.Hereceivedtraining”可知，TimMa打算用不同于父母的方式開餐館，之后還去進(jìn)行廚藝培訓(xùn)，說明他對自己開餐館做廚師一事很確定。故選A項(xiàng)。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為餐館老板，他能夠從父母的一個(gè)重大錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，因?yàn)樗麄儗ε腼兯囆g(shù)知之甚少。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.practice練習(xí)；C.point觀點(diǎn)；D.mistake錯(cuò)誤。由上文的“Itwasnotasuccess.”可知，TimMa的父母開餐館不成功，而堅(jiān)定自己開餐館之路的TimMa要從父母開餐館失敗的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的廚師走了，在街對面開了一家中國餐館，這讓他們的處境很糟糕。A.came來；B.left離開；C.stole偷；D.cheated欺騙。由下文的“openedaChineserestaurantacrossthestreet”可知，廚師在街對面開了一家中國餐館，說明廚師離開了TimMa的餐館。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的廚師走了，在街對面開了一家中國餐館，這讓他們的處境很糟糕。A.situation處境、情況；B.habit習(xí)慣；C.sense感覺；D.feeling感情。由上文的“Theirchef(廚師)___10___andopenedaChineserestaurantacrossthestreet”可知，廚師離開了TimMa的餐館，還在街對面開了一家中國餐館，多了競爭對手，這讓TimMa的餐館處境很糟糕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他接受了法國烹飪的訓(xùn)練。A.Chinese中國的；B.American美國的；C.French法國的；D.Mexican墨西哥的。由下文的“histraininginFrenchcooking”可知，TimMa接受了法國烹飪的訓(xùn)練。故選C項(xiàng)。【50題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2009年，TimMa開了他的第一家餐廳，提供一流的菜肴。A.serves提供、服務(wù)；B.studies學(xué)習(xí)；C.collects收集；D.benefits受益。由下文的“excellentcuisine”可知，TimMa的第一家餐廳提供一流的菜肴。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他的努力得到了回報(bào)。A.tookoff脫下；B.paidoff得到回報(bào)；C.ranout用完；D.gotout出去。由上文的“AtMapleAvenue,Maworkedlonghours,sevendaysaweek.”和下文的“Maopenedhisfourthrestaurantlastyear.”可知，TimMa之后開了他的第四家餐廳，說明他的努力工作得到了回報(bào)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他將自己在法國烹飪方面的訓(xùn)練與他的中國傳統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造了新的菜肴。A.improved提高；B.shared分享；C.translated翻譯；D.mixed融合。由下文的“histraininginFrenchcookingwithhisChineseheritage”可知，TimMa將自己在法國烹飪方面的訓(xùn)練與他的中國傳統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，才創(chuàng)造出了新菜肴。故選D項(xiàng)。第Ⅱ卷（62.5分）第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共二節(jié)，滿分22.5分）第一節(jié)單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語注釋或詞首字母，寫出空缺處單詞的正確形式。53.Lastyear,IhadthechancetostudyataBritishseniorhighschoolasane________student.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】exchange##xchange【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：去年，我有機(jī)會(huì)作為交換生去英國的一所高中學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞exchange構(gòu)成exchangestudent，意為“交換生”。故填exchange。54.Doyouknowhowmanya________willtakepartinthe2022WinterOlympicGamestobeheldinBeijing?(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】athletes##thletes【解析】【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：你知道有多少運(yùn)動(dòng)員將參加在北京舉行的2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)嗎？athlete(運(yùn)動(dòng)員)是可數(shù)名詞，由howmany修飾，用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填athletes。55.Theaudiencemademanypositivec________onthefilmTheBattleatLakeChangjin【答案】comments##omments【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：觀眾對電影《長津湖之戰(zhàn)》給予了許多好評。makecommentson對……作出評論。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，故填comments。56.HowIwishIcouldspeakEnglishasf_________asanativespeaker!（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】fluently【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：我多么希望我的英語說得和母語人士一樣流利??！根據(jù)所給句子和首字母提示可推出是副詞fluently“流利地”，此處作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞speak。