專題07 回答問(wèn)題-沖刺2023年中考英語(yǔ)重難題型考前突破（廣東專用）（解析版）

沖刺2023年中考英語(yǔ)重難題型考前突破（廣東專用）-回答問(wèn)題【解析版】一、人與社會(huì) 11.非盈利組織MillennialTrainsProject（2023廣東模擬預(yù)測(cè)） 2.西式快餐食品安全（2023山東淄博一模） 33.《湯姆索耶歷險(xiǎn)記》（2023江蘇揚(yáng)州一模改編）4.體育賽事（2023遼寧沈陽(yáng)一模） 75.特別的乘客（2023上海普陀一模改編） 6.安徽宏村（2023江蘇鹽城模擬測(cè)試） 17.演員劉昊然（2023北京模擬預(yù)測(cè)） 1二、人與自然 151.白洋淀湖泊生態(tài)（2023遼寧葫蘆島一模） 152.菲律賓護(hù)林議案（2023黑龍江齊齊哈爾一模改編）3.ChatGPT是否該禁止？（2023湖南一模改編4.神舟十三號(hào)太空之旅（2023遼寧鞍山一模改編） 5.垃圾分類（2023湖南常德一模） 26.三江源國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)（2023遼寧大連一模改編） 三、人與自我 271.勞動(dòng)教育（2023遼寧葫蘆島一模） 2.一次難忘的滑雪經(jīng)歷（2023吉林長(zhǎng)春模擬預(yù)測(cè)） 2一、人與社會(huì)【1】（2023·廣東·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）請(qǐng)閱讀下面這篇文章，根據(jù)所提供的信息，回答5個(gè)問(wèn)題。要求所寫(xiě)答案語(yǔ)法正確、語(yǔ)義完整，并把答案寫(xiě)在指定的位置上。TheMillennialTrainsProjectisanon-profitorganizationthatmakesitpossibleforyoungpeopletotakepartincreativeprojects.Theorganizationleadscrowd-funded(眾籌的)trainjourneys.Thesejourneysprovideyoungpeoplewiththechancetohelpdifferentcommunities.Theorganizationhasalreadycompletedtwojourneys.Twenty-fourpeoplearenowgettingreadytobeapartofthethird.Togetaplaceonthetrain,eachpersonhastoraise$5,000andhaveanideaforaproject.Ateachstop,theygetoffthetraintoexploreadifferenttown,city,orwherevertheirprojectstakethem.Amyisplanningtovisitbookshopsandlibraries.Shewantstofindoutwhattheyaredoingtoencouragemorepeopletoread,andwhattechnologytheyareusing.Shealsowantstoknowiftheyareusingsocialmediatoconnectwithpeople.Tomwantstomakeadifferencetotheeducationsystem.Heknowsthatuniversitiesarebecomingmoreandmoreexpensiveeachyear,andthatmanypeoplethinkhighereducationisnolongeraffordable.Overthenext10daysheisvisitingsevenuniversities.Hewantstoseewhattheyaredoingtomeetthesechallenges.Jenny’sprojectisnaturaldisasters.Ateachstop,sheisgoingtointerviewlocalleaders,workers,andcomputergamedesigners.Shethenplanstocreateagamethatwillhelppeoplepreparefordisasters.Shebelievespeoplearemorelikelytoremembersomethingimportantwhentheinformationisfun.These24peoplearestrangersnow,butnotforlong.Thenextweekisgoingtobealife-changinglearningexperienceformany.回答下列5個(gè)問(wèn)題，每題答案不超過(guò)6個(gè)詞。1．Whocangetthechancetotakepartintheprojects?_________________________________________________________2．HowmanyjourneysarementionedinParagraph1?_________________________________________________________3．WhereisAmygoingtovisit?_________________________________________________________4．HowwillJennyhelppeoplepreparefordisasters?_________________________________________________________5．WhatdoyouthinkoftheMillennialTrainsProject?_________________________________________________________【答案】1．Youngpeople.2．Three.3．Bookshopsandlibraries.4．Bycreatingagame.5．It’smeaningful.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講了非盈利組織MillennialTrainsProject，旨在鼓勵(lì)年輕人通過(guò)旅行參與到一些有創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)中。1．根據(jù)“Thesejourneysprovideyoungpeoplewiththechancetohelpdifferentcommunities.”可知，年輕人可以參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，故填Youngpeople.2．根據(jù)第一段“Thesejourneysprovideyoungpeoplewiththechancetohelpdifferentcommunities.Theorganizationhasalreadycompletedtwojourneys.Twenty-fourpeoplearenowgettingreadytobeapartofthethird.”可知，這個(gè)組織已經(jīng)完成了2次旅程，正在籌備第3次，故填Three.3．根據(jù)“Amyisplanningtovisitbookshopsandlibraries.”可知，她打算去參觀書(shū)店和圖書(shū)館，故填Bookshopsandlibraries.4．根據(jù)“Shethenplanstocreateagamethatwillhelppeoplepreparefordisasters.”可知，她準(zhǔn)備創(chuàng)造一個(gè)游戲幫助人們?yōu)闉?zāi)難做準(zhǔn)備，故填Bycreatingagame.5．根據(jù)“TheMillennialTrainsProjectisanon-profitorganizationthatmakesitpossibleforyoungpeopletotakepartincreativeprojects.”可知，MillennialTrainsProject是一個(gè)非盈利組織，結(jié)合全文可知這個(gè)組織非常有意義，故填I(lǐng)t’smeaningful.【2】（2023·山東淄博·統(tǒng)考一模）Theexpired(過(guò)期的)meatnewshasseriouslycutdownthesalesandnameofwesternfastfoodinChina.ButArthurHan,anofficeworker,saysthatnowisthebesttimetoeatatMcDonald’sinChinabecausetheyarepayingmoreattentiontofoodsafetyatthemoment.MrHansayshehardlyevereatsatMcDonald’s,whoseimage(形象)forcleanlinessandqualitywasshakenlastmonthbyatelevisionreport.ItshowedMcDonald’sandseveralotherwesternfast-foodcompaniesofusingasupplier(供應(yīng)商)thatsoldexpiredmeat.McDonald’ssaidthismonthsomethingworsthappened.ShanghaigovernmentcloseddownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo.,whichwasthesupplierofMcDonald’s.ItbadlyinfluencedthesalesofMcDonald’s.YumsaiditsbrandsKFCandPizzaHutalsosawsalesdropatfirst,addingthatifthefallingcontinues,itcouldhaveareallybadeffect.Butexpertssaythat,whatevertheeffectonwesternbrands,itisdifficultforlocalcompaniestodobetterinfastfoodproduction.“FoodsafetyisnotjustsomethingthataffectsMcDonald’sandKFC,theyarejustthebiggestproblemforallthefoodcompanies,”saysTorstenStocker,anofficerfromafamousfoodcompany.“Ifit’saproblemtheyarefacing,whywouldothersbeanydifferent?”“Manydiners(就餐者)seemtorealizethatwesternbrandsarenottheonlyoneswithaproblem,”WangLan,ayoungofficeworker,eatinglunchatalocalfast-food,saidthisweek.Asforfoodsafety,hesaidthebestwaywasnottopayattentiontoit.閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。1．WhatdoesArthurHanthinkofeatingatMcDonald’sinChinanow?________________________________2．HowoftendoesMrHaneatatMcDonald’s?________________________________3．WhatbadlyinfluencedthesalesofMcDonald’s?________________________________4．Whosaidthatlocalcompaniesmightnotdobetterinfastfoodproduction?________________________________5．WhatdidWangLanthinkoffastfoodsafety?________________________________【答案】1．It’sthebesttimetoeatatMcDonald’s./It’ssafetoeatatMcDonald’s.2．Hardlyever.3．ClosingdownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo./ShanghaigovernmentcloseddownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo.4．Experts.5．Notsafeenough./Foodsafetyproblemiscommon/usual/serious.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了西式快餐在中國(guó)出現(xiàn)的食品安全問(wèn)題，以及我國(guó)本土快餐面臨的食品安全問(wèn)題。2．根據(jù)“ButArthurHan,anofficeworker,saysthatnowisthebesttimetoeatatMcDonald’sinChinabecausetheyarepayingmoreattentiontofoodsafetyatthemoment.”可知，由于此刻在中國(guó)的麥當(dāng)勞更重視食品安全了，所以亞瑟認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在吃麥當(dāng)勞很安全，是吃麥當(dāng)勞的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。故填I(lǐng)t’sthebesttimetoeatatMcDonald’s./It’ssafetoeatatMcDonald’s.3．根據(jù)“MrHansayshehardlyevereatsatMcDonald’s”可知，韓先生幾乎不吃麥當(dāng)勞。故填Hardlyever.4．根據(jù)“ShanghaigovernmentcloseddownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo.,whichwasthesupplierofMcDonald’s.ItbadlyinfluencedthesalesofMcDonald’s.”可知，上海政府關(guān)閉了上海胡斯食品有限公司的工廠，這個(gè)公司是麥當(dāng)勞的供應(yīng)商。這嚴(yán)重影響了麥當(dāng)勞的銷售。故填ClosingdownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo./ShanghaigovernmentcloseddownthefactoryofShanghaiHusiFoodCo.5．根據(jù)“Butexpertssaythat,whatevertheeffectonwesternbrands,itisdifficultforlocalcompaniestodobetterinfastfoodproduction.”可知，專家表示本土企業(yè)很難在快餐生產(chǎn)方面做得更好。故填Experts.6．根據(jù)“Manydinersseemtorealizethatwesternbrandsarenottheonlyoneswithaproblem,”和“Asforfoodsafety,hesaidthebestwaywasnottopayattentiontoit.”可知，他認(rèn)為快餐的食品安全問(wèn)題很普遍，吃快餐并不足夠安全。故填Notsafeenough./Foodsafetyproblemiscommon/usual/serious.【3】（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·?？家荒８木帲╅喿x短文，回答下面5個(gè)問(wèn)題。（每題答案不超過(guò)10個(gè)詞）Tuesdayafternooncame,andTuesdayevening.Thelostchildrenhadnotbeenfound.Inthemiddleofthenight,thestreetswerecrowdedwithexcitedpeopleshouting.“They’refound!They’refound!”Amessagewassenttothecavetocallbackthemen,whowerestillsearchingthere.AndthenTomhadtotellthestoryagain—itgrewbetterwitheachtelling,ofcourse.Hetoldaboutfindingthehole,aboutgettingpoorBeckytobelievehim,andthenhelpedhertoreachtheplace.HedescribedhowhepushedhiswayoutoftheholeandhelpBeckyout;howtheysatthereandcriedforgladness;howatlastsomemencamepastinaboat;howhehailedthemandtoldthemabouttheirexperience,andhowhungrytheywere.Atfirst,theycouldn’tbelievehim,“Butyou’retenkilometersdowntheriverbelowthevalleythecaveisin!”Thentheyrowedtheboyandthegirltoahouse,gavethemsupper,madethemrestuntiltwoorthreehoursafterdark,andthenbroughtthemhome.AbouttwoweeksafterTom’sescapefromthecave,hestartedofftovisitHuck,whohadgrownplentystrongenough.JudgeThatcher’shousewasonTom’swayback,andhestoppedtheretoseeBecky.ThejudgeandsomefriendsaskedTomalotofquestions.Thenthejudgesaid,“Well,thereareothersjustlikeyou,Tom,I’venottheleastdoubt.Butwehavetakencareofthat.Nobodywillgetlostinthatcaveanymore.”“Why?”“BecauseIhadtheentranceclosedwithawoodendoor.AndI’vegotthekeys.”Tom’sfaceturnedaswhiteasasheet.“What’sthematter,boy?Areyouill?”“No,sir.I’mnotill.InjunJoe’sinthecave!”Withinafewminutesthenewshadspread,andseveralboatsfullofmenstartedtowardsMcDougal’scave.Tomwentwiththem.Whenthecaveentrancewasopened,aterriblesightcametothemen’seyes.InjunJoelaystretchedontheground,dead.Hisfacewasclosetotheedgeofthedoor,andhehadbrokenhisknife,tryingtocuthiswayout.Afewdayslater,TomwenttoseeHuckagain.“Huck,”saidTom,“we’llhavetodosomethingaboutthetreasure.”“What!Tom,youhaven’tfoundoutsomething,haveyou?Wheredoyouthinkthetreasureis?”“Huck,it’sinthecave!Thetreasureisinthecave!”(AdaptedfromTheAdventureOfTomSawyer)1．Whowerethelostchildren?_____________________________2．Whenwerethelostchildrenfound?_____________________________3．Whydidthejudgesaythatnobodywouldgetlostinthatcave?_____________________________4．WhathappenedtoInjunJoeatlast?_____________________________5．WheredidTomsaythetreasurewas?_____________________________【答案】1．TomandBecky.2．AtmidnightonTuesday.3．Becausehehadtheentranceclosedwithawoodendoor.4．Hedied.5．Hesaidthatthetreasurewasinthecave.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是改編自《湯姆索耶歷險(xiǎn)記》中的一個(gè)小片段。1．根據(jù)第二段里湯姆在描述如何發(fā)現(xiàn)洞，如何幫助貝基出來(lái)等?？芍獊G失的孩子是Tom和Becky。故答案為：TomandBecky.2．根據(jù)“Tuesdayafternooncame,andTuesdayevening”和“Inthemiddleofthenight,thestreetswerecrowdedwithexcitedpeopleshouting.“They’refound!They’refound!”可知找到的時(shí)間應(yīng)是周二的午夜。故答案為：AtmidnightonTuesday3．根據(jù)他們的對(duì)話“Why?”“BecauseIhadtheentranceclosedwithawoodendoor.AndI’vegotthekeys.”可知，洞的入口處使用木門(mén)關(guān)閉了。故答案為：Becausehehadtheentranceclosedwithawoodendoor.4．根據(jù)“InjunJoelaystretchedontheground,dead.”可知，死掉了。故答案為：Hedied.5．根據(jù)“What!Tom,youhaven’tfoundoutsomething,haveyou?Wheredoyouthinkthetreasureis?”“Huck,it’sinthecave!Thetreasureisinthecave!”可知，湯姆認(rèn)為寶藏在洞里。故答案為：Hesaidthatthetreasurewasinthecave.【4】（2023·遼寧沈陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀文本，然后根據(jù)內(nèi)容回答所提問(wèn)題。NextWednesday(19April)andThursday(20April)TennisStarttime:12:00onWednesdayYoumustbringatennisracketwithyou.RunningThe100-metreracewilltakeplaceat10a.m.onWednesday.Fiftystudentscanjointherace.The1500-metreracestartsat12noononThursday.Thirtystudentscanjointherace.SwimmingThefirstroundofracesstartsat12noononWednesday.Ninepeoplecanjoineachrace.Thetopthreeswimmersofeachracewillreachthenextround.Thesecondandthirdroundsofracesstartat2p.m.and4p.m.Thefinalwillbeat4p.m.onThursday.Remember,therearelimitedplacesforeachevent.Ifyouwanttotakepartinanyoftheevents,youshouldsignupbyMonday(10April)atthelatest.Winnerswillreceiveprizesfromtheschool.1．Whatmustwebringtojointhetennisevent?____________________________________________2．Howmanystudentscanjointherunningevent?____________________________________________3．Whowillgointothenextroundineachswimmingrace?____________________________________________4．Whenisthefinaloftheswimmingevent?____________________________________________5．Canwesignupon12April?____________________________________________【答案】1．Atennisracket.2．Eightystudents.3．Thetopthreeswimmers.4．At4p.m.onThursday.5．No,wecan’t.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了下周三和周四的一些體育賽事。1．根據(jù)“Youmustbringatennisracketwithyou.”可知您必須隨身攜帶網(wǎng)球拍。故填A(yù)tennisracket.2．根據(jù)第三段的“The100-metreracewilltakeplaceat10a.m.onWednesday.Fiftystudentscanjointherace.The1500-metreracestartsat12noononThursday.Thirtystudentscanjointherace.”可知100米比賽將于周三上午10點(diǎn)舉行。50名學(xué)生可以參加比賽。1500米比賽于周四中午12點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。30名學(xué)生可以參加比賽。因此一共80名學(xué)生。故填Eightystudents.3．根據(jù)第四段的“Thetopthreeswimmersofeachracewillreachthenextround.”可知每場(chǎng)比賽的前三名游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員將進(jìn)入下一輪。故填Thetopthreeswimmers.4．根據(jù)第四段的“Thefinalwillbeat4p.m.onThursday.”可知決賽將于周四下午4點(diǎn)舉行。故填A(yù)t4p.m.onThursday.5．根據(jù)最后一段的“Ifyouwanttotakepartinanyoftheevents,youshouldsignupbyMonday(10April)atthelatest.”可知如果您想?yún)⒓尤魏位顒?dòng)，您最遲應(yīng)在周一（4月10日）之前報(bào)名。因此十二號(hào)已經(jīng)超過(guò)了十號(hào)，是不行的。故填No,wecan’t.【5】（2023·上海普陀·統(tǒng)考一模改編）Answerthequestions.(根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題)Itwasabout2:00am.Iwasdrivingmytaxionthewaytopickupapassenger.WhenIarrivedtocollect,Ifoundthebuildingwasdark.Ijustsawasinglelightinagroundfloorwindow,Iwalkedtothedoorandknocked,“Justaminute,”answeredaweak,elderlyvoice.Afteralongsilence,thedooropenedandasmallwomaninhereightiesstoodbeforeme.Shehasasmallsuitcasebesideher.Itookthesuitcasetothecar,andthenreturnedtohelpher.Shetookmyarmandwalkedslowlytowardthecar.Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.“It’snothing,”Itoldher.“IjusttrytotreatmypassengersthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.”“Oh,you’resuchagoodyoungman.”Shesaid.Whenwegotintothetaxi,shegavemeanaddress,andthenasked,“Couldyoudrivethroughcitycenter?”“It’snottheshortestway.”Iansweredimmediately.“Oh,I’mfamiliarwiththecity.AndI’minnohurry.”shesaid.“I’monmywaytoahospice(臨終醫(yī)院).Idon’thaveanyfamilyleft.ThedoctorsaysIdon’thaveverylong.Itwouldbethelasttimeformetotravelaroundthecity...”Iquietlyreachedoverandshutoffthemeter(計(jì)價(jià)器).Forthenexttwohours,wedrovethroughthecity.Sheshowedmethebuildingwhereshehadonceworkedasaliftoperatorandtheneighborhoodwhereshehadlivedin.Andshealsotoldmetoparkinfrontofafurnitureshopthatoncehadbeenaballroom.Shehadgonedancingthereasagirl.Sometimesshe’daskmetoslowdowninfrontofaparticularbuilding.Shejustsatandstaredintothedarkness,sayingnothing.Atdawn(黎明),shesuddenlysaid,“I’mtired.Let’sgonow.”Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme.“HowmuchshallIpayyou?”sheasked,“Nothing.”Ireplied.“Youhavetomakealiving,”sheanswered.“Oh,thereareotherpassengers,”Isaid.Almostwithoutthinking,Igaveherahug.Sheheldontometightlywithtears.Ourhugendedwithherwords,“6”1．Whatjobdidthewriterdo?____________________________________2．Howoldwasthesmallwoman?____________________________________3．Whydidthesmallwomanchoosetoridethroughthecity?____________________________________4．Howlongdidthetravelinglastthatnight?____________________________________5．Howdidthesmallwomanfeelafterthewritergaveherahug?____________________________________【答案】1．Thewriterisataxidriver.2．Shewasovereighty.3．Becauseshewantedtoseesomeplacesinthecityforthelasttime.4．2hours.5．Theoldwomanfeltverymovedandexcited.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了一個(gè)出租車(chē)司機(jī)接到一個(gè)特別的乘客——要去臨終醫(yī)院的老人，載著她最后繞著城市看看她之前熟悉的地方。最后司機(jī)沒(méi)有收取費(fèi)用并且給老人擁抱。1．根據(jù)“Iwasdrivingmytaxionthewaytopickupapassenger.”可知作者是一個(gè)出租車(chē)司機(jī)。故填Thewriterisataxidriver.2．根據(jù)“asmallwomaninhereightiesstoodbeforeme.”可知，這個(gè)老人有八十多歲。故填Shewasovereighty.3．根據(jù)“ThedoctorsaysIdon’thaveverylong.Itwouldbethelasttimeformetotravelaroundthecity”可知，老人想要最后看看她年輕時(shí)熟悉的地方。故填Becauseshewantedtoseesomeplacesinthecityforthelasttime.4．根據(jù)“Forthenexttwohours,wedrovethroughthecity.”可知，作者載著老人繞城大概2小時(shí)。故填2hours.5．根據(jù)“Almostwithoutthinking,Igaveherahug.Sheheldontometightlywithtears.”（幾乎沒(méi)多想，我給她一個(gè)擁抱，她眼含淚水緊緊地?fù)肀遥┛芍?，此時(shí)老人被作者的善良感動(dòng)到，并且很激動(dòng)到流淚。故填Theoldwomanfeltverymovedandexcited.【6】（2023·江蘇鹽城·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Hongcun(宏村),withahistoryofabout900years,isanextremelybeautifulvillageinAnhuiProvince.LocatedunderMountHuang,thevillagehaskeptthemajorChinesestylesfromancienttimes.It’salsooneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSites(世界文化遺產(chǎn)).Walkalongtheoldstonestreetsandlanes,andyouwillfeelliketravellingbackintime.AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Onthefrontgateofeachhouseholdisdottedwith(點(diǎn)綴著)redChineseknotsandlanterns.Allofthemareoutlined(映出輪廓)againsttheblueskyandreflectedintotheclearrivers,lakesandponds,surrounded(環(huán)繞著)bydarkgreenmountains.It’salivingwater-inkpicture.Stepintoateahousetotakearest.Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin,fillsupthehouseandfloatsintoyourhearts,asifyouhearbirdssinging,pines(松)whistlingandriversflowing.Youwillbelostinaworld,fullofpeaceandpleasure.Holdingtheteacup,youwillfindsomelinesofpoemsonitsoutlayer(層)comingintoyoursight:Nodustisrisingontheroad,wetwithmorningrain.Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Walkoutoftheteahouse,andgototheopen-airtheatre.Theactorswithcolouredmake-ups(臉繪)areperformingonthestageinspecialclothes.It’salocaloperacalledHuangmeiOperaanddifferentfromotherssuchasKunOpera,BeijingOperaandYueOpera.Also,youcanenjoyvarious(多樣的)quyi:crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.IfyouwanttofeelmoreaboutthecharmofHongcun,planavisittoitrightnow.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題，每小題答案不超過(guò)六個(gè)單詞。1．Whereisthebeautifulvillage,Hongcun?_________________________________________2．HowlonghasHongcunexisted(存在)?_________________________________________3．WereallthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallsbuiltduringtheMingorQingDynasties?_________________________________________4．Howwillyoufeelafterlisteningtotheclassicalmusicplayedbyguqin?_________________________________________5．Whatcanyouenjoyintheopen-airtheatre?_________________________________________【答案】1．It’sinAnhuiProvince.2．Forabout900years.3．Yes,theywere.4．Peacefulandpleasant.5．HuangmeiOpera,crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了安徽黃山的一個(gè)村莊——宏村。1．根據(jù)“Hongcun(宏村),withahistoryofabout900years,isanextremelybeautifulvillageinAnhuiProvince.”可知，宏村位于安徽省。故填I(lǐng)t’sinAnhuiProvince.2．根據(jù)“Hongcun(宏村),withahistoryofabout900years”可知，宏村有大約900年的歷史。故填Forabout900years.3．根據(jù)“AllthehouseswithgreyroofsandwhitewallswerebuiltduringtheMingandQingDynasties.”可知，所有灰頂白墻的房子都建于明清時(shí)期。故填Yes,theywere.4．根據(jù)“Apieceofclassicalmusic,playedbyguqin,fillsupthehouseandfloatsintoyourhearts,asifyouhearbirdssinging,pines(松)whistlingandriversflowing.Youwillbelostinaworld,fullofpeaceandpleasure.”可知，聽(tīng)完由古琴演奏的古典音樂(lè)，仿佛置身于平靜而又愉快的世界，故心情是平靜而愉快的。故填Peacefulandpleasant.5．根據(jù)最后一段“It’salocaloperacalledHuangmeiOpera”及“Also,youcanenjoyvarious(多樣的)quyi:crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.”可知，在露天劇院可以欣賞黃梅戲、相聲、口技和評(píng)書(shū)。故填HuangmeiOpera,crosstalk,koujiandpingshu.【7】（2023·北京·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）HeisacharmingschoolboyinwithYou(《最好的我們》),atalenteddetectiveinDetectiveChinatown(《唐人街偵探》),andabravegeneral(將軍)inNirvanainFireⅡ(《瑯琊榜之風(fēng)起長(zhǎng)林》)。LiuHaoran,ayoungactorwhostartedhiscareerat19yearsold,hasalreadyimpressedviewerswithseveraldifferentroles.DuringtheNationalDayholiday,peoplesawhiminthefilmsCoffeeorTea(《一點(diǎn)就到家》)andMyPeople,MyHomeland(《我和我的家鄉(xiāng)》)。HebecametheninthChineseactortoreach10billionyuanintotalboxofficeearnings.Liusaidheplanstobeaseriousactorashiscareerdevelopsinsteadofjustagood-lookingone.Withthisgoalinmind,Liuhasfocusedonacademic(學(xué)術(shù)的)training.HeattendedtheCentralAcademyofDramain2015withthehighestscoreinhismajor(專業(yè)),andgraduatedthisJuly.Liuhasfoundwaystobetterunderstandhisroles.ToplaytheyoungGeneralSuYuinTheFoundingofanArmy(《建軍大業(yè)》,hereadhistorybookstolearnmoreaboutSu.Topractisestammering(口吃)forhisroleinDetectiveChinatown,heusedmanynotestoremindhimtobreakuphislines.Liubelievesthatanactingcareerislikeamarathon(馬拉松)—goingslowandsteady(平穩(wěn)地)ismoreimportantthangettingpopularfastandburningoutquickly.Hecarefullychooseseveryprojecttomakesuretheyhavehighqualityanddiversity(多樣性)?！癐thinkit’sgoodforanactornottohaveafixedimage,”hesaid.“Peoplewillseeanew‘me’everytimeIplayanewrole.”根據(jù)上面短文回答問(wèn)題，每題答案不超過(guò)6個(gè)單詞。1．WhatroledidheplayinDetectiveChinatown?________________________________________________________2．WhendidpeopleseehiminthefilmsCoffeeOrTeaandMyPeople,MyHomeland?________________________________________________________3．Didheactonlybyhisgood-lookingfacetoattracthisaudience?________________________________________________________4．HowdidhelearnmoreabouttheyoungGeneralSuYuwell?________________________________________________________5．Whydoeshecarefullychooseeveryproject?________________________________________________________【答案】1．Heplayedatalenteddetective.2．DuringtheNationalDayholiday.3．No,hedidn’t./No.4．Hereadhistorybooks.5．Fortheirhighqualityanddiversity.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。主要介紹了演員劉昊然。1．根據(jù)“HeisacharmingschoolboyinwithYou(《最好的我們》),atalenteddetectiveinDetectiveChinatown(《唐人街偵探》)”可知，在《唐人街偵探》中，他扮演了一位天才偵探。故填Heplayedatalenteddetective.2．根據(jù)“DuringtheNationalDayholiday,peoplesawhiminthefilmsCoffeeorTea(《一點(diǎn)就到家》)andMyPeople,MyHomeland(《我和我的家鄉(xiāng)》)”可知，在國(guó)慶假期期間，人們?cè)陔娪啊兑稽c(diǎn)就到家》和《我和我的家鄉(xiāng)》中看到了他。故填DuringtheNationalDayholiday.3．根據(jù)“Liusaidheplanstobeaseriousactorashiscareerdevelopsinsteadofjustagood-lookingone”可知，劉昊然表示，隨著職業(yè)生涯的發(fā)展，他打算成為一名認(rèn)真的演員，而不僅僅是一名好看的演員。故填No,hedidn’t./No.4．根據(jù)“ToplaytheyoungGeneralSuYuinTheFoundingofanArmy(《建軍大業(yè)》,hereadhistorybookstolearnmoreaboutSu”可知，為了在《建軍大業(yè)》中扮演年輕的粟裕將軍，他閱讀歷史書(shū)籍來(lái)了解更多關(guān)于粟裕的故事。故填Hereadhistorybooks.5．根據(jù)“Hecarefullychooseseveryprojecttomakesuretheyhavehighqualityanddiversity(多樣性)”可知，他仔細(xì)選擇每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，以確保它們的高質(zhì)量和多樣性。故填Fortheirhighqualityanddiversity.二、人與自然【1】（2023·遼寧葫蘆島·校聯(lián)考一模）閱讀下面短文，簡(jiǎn)略回答所提出的問(wèn)題。BaiyangdianLakeinHebeiProvince,whichincludesnorthernChina’slargestfreshwaterwetland,hasbecomeaparadise(樂(lè)園)forbirds,includingsomerare(稀有的)ones,sinceitswaterqualityimprovedgreatlyinthepastseveralyears.Baiyangdiancoversabout360squarekilometerswith143smalllakes.Birdshavereturnedingreatnumbers.Atotalof237species(物種)inhabitthewetlandatpresent,31morethanthetimebeforeXiong’anNewAreawasbuilt,HebeiDailyreported.ThebirdsincludetheBaer’sPochard,anendangeredspeciesofdivingduckthatwasspottedinthewetlandaboutfourmonthsago.Thedivingduckshavealsoreproduced.In2018,waterinthelakewasrated(評(píng)估)atorbelowGradeV-theworstlevelinthecountry’sfive-tierqualitysystemforsurfacewater.Withpollution-controlmeasuresandenvironmentalmanagementofthelakeinplace,waterqualityreachedGradeⅢlastyear,accordingtothedepartmentofecologyandenvironmentinXiong’an.Toprovideahealthyhabitatforthebirds,thewetlandhaslaidoutninepartsasspecialareas,withimprovedprotectionandmanagement.1．What’sthesizeofBaiyangdian?_____________________________________2．Howmanyspeciesinhabitthewetlandintotal?_____________________________________3．WhichkindofspeciesdoesBaer’sPochardbelongto?_____________________________________4．IsthewaterofBaiyangdianLakealwaysinagoodlevel?_____________________________________5．WhyhasBaiyangdianwetlandprotectedandmanagedthewatersocarefully?_____________________________________【答案】1．About360squarekilometers(with143smalllakes).2．237.3．Drivingducks/Adrivingduck/Thedrivingduck.4．No,itisn’t.5．Toprovideahealthyhabitatforthebirds.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇短文介紹了河北省白洋淀湖泊水質(zhì)得到改善，成為了鳥(niǎo)類樂(lè)園，包括一些稀有物種在內(nèi)的237種鳥(niǎo)類在此棲息繁衍。同時(shí)，濕地已經(jīng)劃分為9個(gè)特別區(qū)域，進(jìn)行了改善保護(hù)和管理。1．根據(jù)“Baiyangdiancoversabout360squarekilometerswith143smalllakes.”可知，白洋淀面積約360平方公里，有143個(gè)小湖泊，故填A(yù)bout360squarekilometers(with143smalllakes).2．根據(jù)“Atotalof237species(物種)inhabitthewetlandatpresent”可知，目前濕地共有237種物種，故填237.3．根據(jù)“hebirdsincludetheBaer’sPochard,anendangeredspeciesofdivingduckthatwasspottedinthewetlandaboutfourmonthsago.”可知，貝爾的波查德是一種瀕臨滅絕的潛水鴨，故填Drivingducks/Adrivingduck/Thedrivingduck.4．根據(jù)“In2018,waterinthelakewasrated(評(píng)估)atorbelowGradeV-theworstlevelinthecountry’sfive-tierqualitysystemforsurfacewater.”可知，2018年，湖水被評(píng)為V級(jí)或以下，這是該國(guó)地表水五級(jí)質(zhì)量體系中最差的水平。所以白洋淀的水質(zhì)并不是一直在好的水平，故填No,itisn’t.5．根據(jù)“Toprovideahealthyhabitatforthebirds,thewetlandhaslaidoutninepartsasspecialareas,withimprovedprotectionandmanagement.”可知，為了給鳥(niǎo)類提供健康的棲息地，故填Toprovideahealthyhabitatforthebirds.【2】（2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·校聯(lián)考一模改編）Treesareimportantinourlife.However,thePhilippines,China’sneighbor,isfacingaseriousproblem—thelossofforestcover.Infact,thePhilippinesisoneoftheworld’smostdeforested(濫伐的)countrieswithtotalforestcoverdroppingfrom70%tojust20%duringthe20thcentury.Luckily,anewlawmayhelpthecountrytosolvetheproblembecauseitrequiresstudentstoplantatleast10treeseachbeforetheygraduate.Congressman(國(guó)會(huì)議員)GaryAlejanointroducedthebill(議案)firstandlaterthePhilippineCongresspassedit.Thebillstatesthatthisrequirementappliesto(適用于)allstudentsinordertograduatefromprimaryschool,highschoolandcollege.Ifthestudentswanttograduate,eachofthemmustplantnofewerthan10trees.Everyyear,thereareover12millionstudentsgraduatingfromprimaryschool,nearly5millionstudentsgraduatingfromhighschoolandalmost500,000studentsgraduatingfromcollegeinthiscountry.Ifthelawiscarriedoutproperlyandcompletely,atleast175millionnewtreeswillbeplantedeachyear.“Evenifonly10%ofalltheplantedtreesareabletostayalive,itwillstillresultin525milliontreesinthecourseofonegeneration(一代人).”Mr.Alejanopointsoutthislawwilldomorethanhelpmakeourearthagreenerplace.Hismaingoalistohelpbringenvironmentalunderstandingtofuturegenerations.閱讀短文，回答下列問(wèn)題。1．WhatproblemisthePhilippinesfacingnow?_______________________________________________________________2．Whycanthenewlawsolvetheproblem?_______________________________________________________________3．Whointroducedthebillfirst?_______________________________________________________________4．HowmanytreeswillbeplantedinthePhilippi