四川省南充市南充高級中學(xué)2021級高三第十三次月考英語試題

南充高中高2021級高三第十三次月考英語試卷(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘;滿分：150分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力測試(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題;每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Goingshooting.B.Readingathome.C.Buyingsomebooks.2.Whatdoesthewomanfailtodo?A.Setupthemachine.B.Followtheinstructions.C.Findtheuser’sguide.3Whatwouldthewomanmostprobablydothisweekend?A.Flyakite.B.Gocamping.C.Stayathome.4.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Anxious.B.Disappointed.C.Sad.5.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Haveawash.B.Gotobed.C.Continuewatchingavideo.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Planatrip.B.Lookforajob.C.Makeadecision.7.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Workingabroad.B.Stayingathome.C.Touringtheworld.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Benefitsofputer.B.Futurewaysofworking.C.Athomeactivities.9.Whatisthewoman’sconcernaboutworkingathome?A.Losingherjob.B.Toomanytasks.C.Inabilitytofocusonwork.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingadvice.B.Doingshopping.C.Turningtoahealthexpert.11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutredmeat?A.Itisn’thealthy.B.Itprovidesmuchenergy.C.It’sbetterthanwhitemeat.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodointheend?A.Eatchickeneveryday.B.Cutdownoncheese.C.Stopeatinganydessert.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13WhyareelectronicpetsusedinLosAngeles?A.Toreplacerealpets.B.Tokeepthepatientspany.C.Tokeeptrackofthewellbeingoftheold.14.WhatconnectsHealthCentreswiththeelectronicpetowner’shome?A.Aputer.B.Atelevision.C.Atelephone.15.Whatcantheelectronicpetdotohelpitsowner?A.Helptocalladoctor.B.Haveaconversationwithitsowner.C.SendahealthreporttoHealthCentres.16.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Interested.B.Worried.C.Excited.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowwasBaylis’radiopowered?A.Bywindpower.B.Bybatteries.C.Byhand.18.WhatdoweknowaboutthemobilephoneinventedbyBaylis?AItispoweredbypeople’swalking.B.Itcontainsasmallbatteryinitself.C.Itplaysforhalfanhour.19.WhatistheeducationalbackgroundofBaylis?A.Hedidn’treceiveahighereducation.B.Hemajoredinengineeringatuniversity.C.Hewasahighschoolgraduate.20.HowdidBaylisgethisideas?A.Heworkedhardforthem.B.Theysprangtohismindbychance.C.Otherpeopleinspiredhimalot.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOnSaturday,ArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCitywereaddedtotheUNESCOWorldHeritageListasaculturalsite,bringingthetotalnumberofsitesinChinaonthelistto55.HerearesomeothersitesinChinaonthelist.ClassicalGardensofSuzhouCategoryofsite:CulturalsiteSuzhou’sclassicalgardensarenotedfortheirdelicatedesign.Landscapeandbuildingsareperfectlyintegratedtocreateagreatharmonybetweenmanandnature.HoldinghighvalueforthestudyofChineselandscapegardening,architecture,culture,andphilosophy,theywereaddedontotheWorldCulturalHeritageListin1997.HuanglongScenicandHistoricInterestAreaCategoryofSite:NaturalsiteSituatedinSongpancounty,northwestofSichuanprovinceinthesouthernpartofMinshanMountainsandsoutheastoftheQinghaiXizangPlateau,theHuanglongvalleyconsistsofsnowcappedpeaksandtheeasternmostChineseglaciers.Itsmaintargetsforprotectionarenaturalsceneryandrarewildlife.ItwasdeclaredaWorldNaturalHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1992.HuangshanMountainCategoryofsite:MixedsiteHuangshanMountainliesinthesouthofAnhuiprovinceineasternChina.Thescenicareaiscelebratedforitspeaks,rocks,pines,cloudsandsprings.Itholdsgreatfascinationforvisitors,poets,paintersandphotographers.In1990,HuangshanMountainwasaddedtotheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagelists.TheGrandCanalCategoryofsite:CulturalsiteAstheworld’slongestmanmadecanal,theGrandCanalisavastwaterwaysysteminthenortheasternandcentraleasternplainsofChinafromBeijingtoZhejiangprovince,stretching1,794kilometers.Thecanalwasapillarfortheeconomy,socialstabilityandgovernmentfunctionsandalsoenhancedmunicationbetweenthesouthandthenorthinancientChina.ItwasaddedtothelistofWorldCulturalHeritagesitesin2014.1.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutClassicalGardensofSuzhouandTheGrandCanal?A.Theyarefamousforthenaturalbeauty.B.Theyboostharmonybetweenmanandnature.C.Theyareonthesamecategoryofheritagesite.D.TheyenhancedmunicationbetweenthesouthandnorthinancientChina.2.WhatisspecialaboutHuangshanMountainamongthefivesites?A.Itholdsbothculturalandnaturalvalue.B.ItistheonlysiteonthelistthatliesinthesouthofChina.C.Itmainlyaimsatprotectingnaturalsceneryandendangeredanimals.D.ItwasthefirstsitetobeaddedtoWorldCulturalHeritageSiteinChina.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Ahistorytextbook.C.Atradejournal. D.Anewsreport.【答案】1C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中國的四個(gè)遺址情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ClassicalGardensofSuzhou部分中“Categoryofsite:Culturalsite(遺址類別：文化類)”以及TheGrandCanal部分中“Categoryofsite:Culturalsite(遺址類別：文化類)”可知，蘇州古典園林和大運(yùn)河屬于同一類遺產(chǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HuangshanMountain部分中“In1990,HuangshanMountainwasaddedtotheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagelists.(1990年，黃山被列入《世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)名錄》)”可知，黃山在五大景點(diǎn)中特別之處是它既有文化價(jià)值，也有自然價(jià)值。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“OnSaturday,ArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCitywereaddedtotheUNESCOWorldHeritageListasaculturalsite,bringingthetotalnumberofsitesinChinaonthelistto55.HerearesomeothersitesinChinaonthelist.(周六，良渚古城考古遺址被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)名錄，使中國列入該名錄的遺址總數(shù)達(dá)到55處。以下是中國其他一些上榜遺址)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了中國的四個(gè)遺址情況可知，文章選自新聞報(bào)道。故選D。BForeightyears,Mr.Baker’sbusiness,AmazonexLumberCo.soldraretropicalwoodfromtheAmazontocustomersinAmerica.So,hecouldspendalotoftimeintherainforest.Mr.Bakertoldhimselfthatselectiveharvestwasmanagingtheresource.Butonhisbirdingoutings,hebegantonoticethattheforesthadgrownquieterandthereweremoreandmoreclearedareas.Once,hesawanillegaltypeofwoodlabeledwiththenameofatypeofwoodlegaltoexport.“Ittookmeeightyearstorealizethatselectivelyharvestandmanagetheforestmadenosense.”hesays.“Icouldn’tdoitanymore.”Therefore,Mr.BakerfoundedanecotourismpanythattakestouristsalongBrazil’sRioNegro.Withthetrips,heaimstofosterappreciationandawarenessofmanagingtherainforestamongglobalcitizens.TheAmazonrainforestcoversmorethan2.3millionsquaremilesandisthebiggestcarbonstoreintheworld,accordingtoGiordaneMartins,abiologist.FortypercentofBrazil’slandliesintheAmazon,butroughlytwentypercentofitisalreadydeforested.Mr.Bakerregretshiscontributingtothis,buthistourpanymightpensateforit.TherateofdeforestationinBrazilisontheriseafterfallingforyears,butMr.Bakerremainsoptimistic.“Ourroleistoeducate,”Marksays.“Sometouristsacquirenaturesensibilityonourtours.Oneofthegoalsofecotourismistosharetheeconomicbenefitsoftravel.Theotheristohelppromoteconservation,togenerateineandhelpprotecttheforest.We’veseenthathappen,”hesays.“Iwishwecouldsaywesavedtherainforest.Wehaven’t.Butwehavehadanimpact.”4.WhatofthefollowingistrueaboutAmazonexLumberCo.?A.Itexportedvaluabletropicalwood.B.Ithelpedmaketherainforestclearer.C.ItsoldextratropicalwoodtoAmericaforeightyears.D.Itlabeledillegalwoodwiththenameoflegalwood.5.WhydidMr.Bakerfoundanecotourismpany?A.Topromoteselectiveharvest.B.Tomakeprofitsfromthetrips.C.Toincreasethenumberofrarebirds.D.Toraisepeople’slovefortherainforest.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinParagraph4?ADecreaseofcarbonstore.B.Lossofwoodedarea.C.DisappearanceofBrazil’sland.D.ExpansionofAmazonrainforest.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheecotourismfromthelastparagraph?A.Ithassavedtherainforest.B.Itprovidesacademiceducation.C.Itinspiresmorepeopletothecause.D.IthasraisedtherateofdeforestationinBrazil.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Mr.Baker從木材商人到生態(tài)旅游倡導(dǎo)者的轉(zhuǎn)變?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Foreightyears,Mr.Baker’sbusiness,AmazonexLumberCo.soldraretropicalwoodfromtheAmazontocustomersinAmerica.(八年來，Mr.Baker的公司Amazonex

Lumber

Co.將亞馬遜的珍貴熱帶木材出售給了美國的顧客

)”可知，AmazonexLumberCo.出口珍貴的熱帶木材。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Therefore,Mr.BakerfoundedanecotourismpanythattakestouristsalongBrazil’sRioNegro.Withthetrips,heaimstofosterappreciationandawarenessofmanagingtherainforestamongglobalcitizens.(因此，Baker先生創(chuàng)辦了一家生態(tài)旅游公司，帶游客沿著巴西的RioNegro旅行。通過這些旅行，他旨在培養(yǎng)全球公民對雨林管理的欣賞和意識(shí))”可知，貝克先生成立生態(tài)旅游公司是為了提高人們對雨林管理的認(rèn)識(shí)和欣賞，即提高人們對雨林的熱愛。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“FortypercentofBrazil’slandliesintheAmazon,butroughlytwentypercentofitisalreadydeforested.Mr.Bakerregretshiscontributingtothis,buthistourpanymightpensateforit.(巴西的40%的土地位于亞馬遜雨林地區(qū)，但其中大約20%已經(jīng)遭到砍伐。Mr.Baker對自己曾對此有所做的事情感到后悔，但他希望通過他的旅游公司來彌補(bǔ)這一影響)”可知，巴西大約20%的土地已經(jīng)被砍伐，而Mr.Baker希望通過他的旅游公司來彌補(bǔ)他所做的事，即造成雨林的損失。this指雨林損失，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Ourroleistoeducate,”Marksays.“Sometouristsacquirenaturesensibilityonourtours.Oneofthegoalsofecotourismistosharetheeconomicbenefitsoftravel.Theotheristohelppromoteconservation,togenerateineandhelpprotecttheforest.We’veseenthathappen,”hesays.(“我們的角色是教育，”馬克說?！坝行┯慰驮谖覀兊穆眯兄信囵B(yǎng)了對自然的敏感度。生態(tài)旅游的一個(gè)目標(biāo)是分享旅游帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，另一個(gè)目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)保護(hù)，通過生成收入來幫助保護(hù)森林。我們已經(jīng)看到了這一點(diǎn)的發(fā)生。”)”可知，生態(tài)旅游不僅教育游客，還激勵(lì)更多人參與到保護(hù)雨林的事業(yè)中來。故選C。CWhenadulthumansmeetababy,manycan’thelpspeakinginahigherpitched(更高音的),singsongyvoice.Thisshift,knownasparentese,isnotuniquetohumans—ithasalsobeenobservedinanimalslikemonkeysandgorillas.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorespeciestothatlist:bottlenosedolphins.Dolphinsareintelligentanimalsthatliveandhuntingroups.Theymunicateinauniqueway:everyindividualproducesitsownsignaturesoundthatactsmuchlikeanIDcard,usuallybyitsfirstbirthday.Buthowdoeseacheupwithitsuniquewhistle?Forbabies,itmighthavesomethingtodowithlisteningtoMum.Tosolvethismystery,researchersexaminedthesoundsmotherdolphinsmake.Scientistsstudied34years’worthofrecordingsofsoundsmadeby19femalebottlenosedolphins.Whenthemotherdolphinswereneartheiryoung,theycontinuedtomaketheirsignaturesound,butatahigherfrequency.Theyalsousedawiderrangeoffrequenciesthantheydidwhentheirbabieswerenotnearby.Thisdiscoverysuggeststhatusingthesemodificationsmotherdolphinsassisttheiryounginlearninghowtoproducethesecallsthemselves.Sincedolphinbabiesoftenspendsomeyearswiththeirmothersbeforelivingontheirown,itmakessensethatthisadaptationwouldhelpthemlearntomunicate.Attheveryleast,thehigherpitchedwhistlelikelygetsthebabies’attention.“It’simportantforababytoknow,’Oh,Mum’stalkingtomenow,’”saysmarinebiologistJuneMann.Thiskindofresearchcouldhelpusunderstandhowlanguagedevelopedinhumans.“Itisabsolutelyessentialtohavebasicknowledgeaboutotherspeciesandhowtheymunicate,”saysMann.“Iwouldbereallyinterestedtoseewhetherdolphinsalsochangetheirsoundswheninteractingwithbabiesofothers,whichiswhathappensinhumans.”8.Whichisthereasonwhyresearchersexaminedthesoundsofmotherdolphins?A.Toexplorewhyhumanshaveuniquesingsongyvoice.B.Tofindoutwhataspectsofintelligencedolphinspossess.C.Toworkouthowdolphinsdeveloptheirdistinctivesounds.D.Tocheckwhetherdolphinssoundlikemonkeysandgorillas.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudyofdolphins?A.Byanalyzingmotherdolphins’soundfeatures.B.Byrecordingparentchildinteractionfrequency.C.Bymeasuringthedistancebetweenparentandchild.D.Byexaminingthespeechorgansofmotherdolphins.10.WhichofthefollowingmightJunnMannagreewith?A.Thehigherpitchedwhistledistractsbabies’attention.B.Theuseofparentesehelpsbabieslearntotalk.C.Dolphinbabieslearnhowtomakethesecallsallbythemselves.D.Dolphinsalsochangetheirsoundswheninteractingwithhumanbabies.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thedevelopmentofdolphinintelligence.B.Thevalueofstudyingdolphins’language.C.Newfindingsaboutdolphinmunication.D.Similaritiesbetweentheparenteseofhumansanddolphins.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹研究表明海豚媽媽通過教授幼崽使用獨(dú)特的聲音來教會(huì)幼崽說話?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buthowdoeseacheupwithitsuniquewhistle?Forbabies,itmighthavesomethingtodowithlisteningtoMum.Tosolvethismystery,researchersexaminedthesoundsmotherdolphins,make.(但它們是如何發(fā)出獨(dú)特的口哨呢？對于幼崽來說，這可能與聽媽媽的話有關(guān)。為了解開這個(gè)謎團(tuán)，研究人員檢查了海豚媽媽發(fā)出的聲音)”可知，研究人員研究海豚媽媽的聲音是為了弄清楚海豚是如何發(fā)出它們獨(dú)特的聲音的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientistsstudied34years’worthofrecordingsofsoundsmadeby19femalebottlenosedolphins.Whenthemotherdolphinswereneartheiryoung,theycontinuedtomaketheirsignaturesound,butatahigherfrequency.Theyalsousedawiderrangeoffrequenciesthantheydidwhentheirbabieswerenotnearby.(科學(xué)家們研究了19只雌性寬吻海豚34年來的聲音記錄。當(dāng)海豚媽媽靠近它們的孩子時(shí)，它們繼續(xù)發(fā)出標(biāo)志性的聲音，但頻率更高。當(dāng)她們的孩子不在身邊時(shí)，她們使用的頻率范圍也更廣)”可知，研究人員通過分析母海豚的聲音特征對海豚進(jìn)行研究。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Sincedolphinbabiesoftenspendsomeyearswiththeirmothersbeforelivingontheirown,itmakessensethatthisadaptationwouldhelpthemlearntomunicate.Attheveryleast,thehigherpitchedwhistlelikelygetsthebabies’attention.“It’simportantforababytoknow,’Oh,Mum’stalkingtomenow,’”saysmarinebiologistJuneMann.(由于海豚寶寶在獨(dú)立生活之前通常會(huì)和媽媽一起生活幾年，所以這種適應(yīng)會(huì)幫助它們學(xué)會(huì)交流是說得通的。至少，高音調(diào)的口哨可能會(huì)引起嬰兒的注意。海洋生物學(xué)家JuneMann說：“讓嬰兒知道，‘哦，媽媽現(xiàn)在在跟我說話’是很重要的?！?”可知，JunnMann認(rèn)為嬰兒語的使用有助于嬰兒學(xué)會(huì)說話。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenadulthumansmeetababy,manycan’thelpspeakinginahigherpitched(更高音的),singsongyvoice.Thisshift,knownasparentese,isnotuniquetohumans—ithasalsobeenobservedinanimalslikemonkeysandgorillas.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorespeciestothatlist:bottlenosedolphins.(當(dāng)成年人遇到嬰兒時(shí)，許多人都會(huì)忍不住用高亢的嗓音說話。這種被稱為“嬰兒語”的轉(zhuǎn)變并不是人類獨(dú)有的，猴子和大猩猩等動(dòng)物也有這種現(xiàn)象?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們又增加了一個(gè)物種：寬吻海豚)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了海豚媽媽通過教授幼崽使用獨(dú)特的聲音來教會(huì)幼崽說話可知，這篇文章的主旨是關(guān)于海豚交流的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。DForyears,theagingprocesshastroubledscientists.Everythingfromahealthydiettokeepingexercisinghasbeenexperimentedwithtoslowtheagingprocess.Nownewresearchoffersapossiblesolution.AteamofChinesescientistshasidentifiedagroupofcellscalledCHITlinthespinalcord(脊髓),whichisrelatedtotheprocessofaging.Whilethescientistsarestillintheearlystagesofunderstandingthepracticalapplicationsofthisdiscovery,theybelievethattakingadailydose(一劑)ofvitaminCmighthelpslowdownaging.Asanantioxidant(抗氧化物質(zhì)),vitaminCisoftenconsideredtohavesignificantantiagingbenefits.Antioxidantshelpprotecttheskinfromdamagecausedbyfreeradicals(自由基),whicharebelievedtobeacauseofagingandheartdisease.Agingalsohasasignificantimpactonspinalcordrelatedproblems,butwedon’tfullyunderstandhowitworks.Tounlockthesecretoftime,thescientistsconductedtheirstudyinananimalmodelandfoundthatasthespinalcordages,oneimportantthinghappens—thequantityofCHIT1goesupinoldspinalcords.Thesecellsthengatheraroundmotorneuronsandmakethemagefaster.However,researchersfoundthatvitaminCcanreducetheeffectsofCHITlandhelpkeepmotorneuronshealthy.TheresearchersalsotestedtheeffectsofvitaminCon10oldermonkeysinthreeyears.Theydividedthemintotwogroups.OnegroupgotadailydoseofvitaminC,whiletheothergroupwasthecontrolgroup.TheresearchersfoundthatthemonkeyswhoreceivedvitaminCshoweda“significant”improvementinthesignsofagingintheirmotorneurons.ThissuggeststhattakingadailydoseofvitaminCmightbebeneficialforolderindividuals.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutCHITl?A.It’sacureforaging. B.Itisassociatedwithaging.C.Itraisespeople’sawarenessofhealth. D.Scientistsfullyunderstandapplicationsofit.13.WhatisthefunctionofvitaminC?A.IthelpsCHITltakeeffect. B.Itmakesusuncoverhowagingworks.C.Ithealsthedamagedskin. D.Itpreventsmotorneuronsagingfast.14.Whydidthescientistsconductthestudy?A.Theyhopedtorevealtheprocessofaging.B.Theyhopedtoprovethereliabilityofananimalmodel.C.TheywantedtotestthequantityofCHITlinoldspinalcords.D.Theywantedtoconfirmtheinfluenceofagingoncordrelatedproblems.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CHIT1:ASolutiontoAntiaging B.VitaminC:AKeytoAgingMoreSlowlyC.SecretofTime:StayawayfromAntioxidant D.Aging:AHealthyDietandExerciseCanHelp【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)維生素C有助于延緩衰老，解釋了背后的原理以及這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的作用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AteamofChinesescientistshasidentifiedagroupofcellscalledCHITlinthespinalcord(脊髓),whichisrelatedtotheprocessofaging.(一組中國科學(xué)家在脊髓中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一組被稱為CHITl的細(xì)胞，它與衰老過程有關(guān))”可知，CHITl與衰老有關(guān)。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Thesecellsthengatheraroundmotorneuronsandmakethemagefaster.However,researchersfoundthatvitaminCcanreducetheeffectsofCHITlandhelpkeepmotorneuronshealthy.(然后這些細(xì)胞聚集在運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元周圍，使它們衰老得更快。然而，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，維生素C可以減少CHITl的影響，幫助保持運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元的健康)”可知，維生素C的作用是防止運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元快速衰老。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Foryears,theagingprocesshastroubledscientists.Everythingfromahealthydiettokeepingexercisinghasbeenexperimentedwithtoslowtheagingprocess.(多年來，衰老過程一直困擾著科學(xué)家。從健康的飲食到堅(jiān)持鍛煉，一切都被用來減緩衰老過程)”可知，科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是因?yàn)橄Ｍ沂舅ダ系倪^程。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“AteamofChinesescientistshasidentifiedagroupofcellscalledCHITlinthespinalcord(脊髓),whichisrelatedtotheprocessofaging.Whilethescientistsarestillintheearlystagesofunderstandingthepracticalapplicationsofthisdiscovery,theybelievethattakingadailydose(一劑)ofvitaminCmighthelpslowdownaging.(一組中國科學(xué)家在脊髓中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一組被稱為CHITl的細(xì)胞，它與衰老過程有關(guān)。雖然科學(xué)家們?nèi)蕴幱诹私膺@一發(fā)現(xiàn)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用的早期階段，但他們相信，每天服用一劑量的維生素C可能有助于延緩衰老)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)維生素C有助于延緩衰老，解釋了背后的原理以及這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的作用可知，B選項(xiàng)“維生素C：延緩衰老的關(guān)鍵”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wealldoit:textingwhilewalkingorchattingonthephonewhilecookingdinner.Intoday’ssociety,doingjustmorethanonethingatatimeseemsverymon.Butresearchshowsthatwehadbetterstopmultitasking.____16____It’sslowingyoudown.____17____Infact,itwillprobablytakeyoulongertofinishtwoprojectswhenyou’rejumpingbackandforththanitwouldtofinisheachoneseparately.Thesameistrueevenofdriving:driverstakelongertoreachtheirdestinationswhenchattingoncellphones.Inaword,switchingbetweentasksleadstoalossinproductivity.____18____Thehumanbraincanhandletwoplicatedtaskswithouttoomuchtrouble.Addathirdtask,however,anditcancauseyoutointroduceerrorswhateveryou’reworkingon,especiallyifonemoreofyouractivitiesinvolvemuchcriticalthinking.It’sstressingyouout.Researchersfoundemployeeswhoreceivedasteadystreamofofficeemailstayedina“highalert(戒備狀態(tài))”modewithhigherheartrates.It’snotonlythephysicalactofmultitaskingthatcausesstress.____19____IfyoudopoorlyonanexambecauseyoustudywhilewatchingmatchesonTV,thatcancertainlybringalotofstress.Itcanbedangerous.Textingortalkingonacellphonewhiledrivingisasdangerousasdrivingdrunk.____20____Peoplewhousemobiledeviceswhilewalkingarelesslikelytolookbeforesteppingintoacrosswalk.Andinonestudy,oneinfiveteenagerswhowenttotheemergencyroomafteracaraccidentadmittedtheywereusingasmartphoneatthetimeoftheaccident.A.Itcanleadyoutomakemistakes.B.It’stheconsequences,aswell.C.Thenhowtoavoidmultitasking?D.Whyshouldyoustopmultitaskingnow?E.Multitaskingdoesharmtoyourcriticalthinking.F.Notjustusingaphonewhiledrivingputsyouatrisk.G.Contrarytopopularbelief,multitaskingdoesn’tsavetime.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了應(yīng)該停止一心多用的原因。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wealldoit:textingwhilewalkingorchattingonthephonewhilecookingdinner.Intoday’ssociety,doingjustmorethanonethingatatimeseemsverymon.Butresearchshowsthatwehadbetterstopmultitasking.(我們都會(huì)這樣做：走路時(shí)發(fā)短信，做飯時(shí)打聊天。在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，一次做不止一件事似乎很常見。但研究表明，我們最好停止一心多用)”可知，本空在第一段的結(jié)尾處，起承上啟下的作用，下文介紹同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的弊端，故本句啟示后文，引出為什么應(yīng)該停止一心多用。故D選項(xiàng)“為什么你現(xiàn)在就應(yīng)該停止一心多用？”符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’sslowingyoudown.(它拖慢你的速度)”可知，本空是對段落標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步闡釋。故G選項(xiàng)“與普遍的看法相反，多任務(wù)處理并不節(jié)省時(shí)間”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Thehumanbraincanhandletwoplicatedtaskswithouttoomuchtrouble.Addathirdtask,however,anditcancauseyoutointroduceerrorswhateveryou’reworkingon,especiallyifonemoreofyouractivitiesinvolvemuchcriticalthinking.(人腦可以毫不費(fèi)力地處理兩項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)。然而，添加第三個(gè)任務(wù)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致你引入錯(cuò)誤，無論你正在處理什么，特別是如果你的另一個(gè)活動(dòng)涉及許多批判性思維)”可知，本段主要講的是同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)會(huì)帶來麻煩、使人犯錯(cuò)。故A選項(xiàng)“它會(huì)讓你犯錯(cuò)誤”可以作為本段主旨句，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’snotonlythephysicalactofmultitaskingthatcausesstress.(造成壓力的不僅僅是多任務(wù)處理的身體行為)”可知，上文提到不僅僅是同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)本身會(huì)帶來壓力，推測本句是在說明其他帶來壓力的因素。故B選項(xiàng)“結(jié)果也會(huì)（帶來壓力）”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Textingortalkingonacellphonewhiledrivingisasdangerousasdrivingdrunk.(開車時(shí)發(fā)短信或打和酒后駕車一樣危險(xiǎn))”以及后文“Peoplewhousemobiledeviceswhilewalkingarelesslikelytolookbeforesteppingintoacrosswalk.Andinonestudy,oneinfiveteenagerswhowenttotheemergencyroomafteracaraccidentadmittedtheywereusingasmartphoneatthetimeoftheaccident.(走路時(shí)使用移動(dòng)設(shè)備的人在步入人行橫道之前不太可能看一眼。在一項(xiàng)研究中，五分之一的車禍后去急診室的青少年承認(rèn)他們在事故發(fā)生時(shí)正在使用智能)”可知，空前陳述了開車時(shí)使用很危險(xiǎn)，后文提到走路時(shí)使用也會(huì)分散人們的注意力，可知不僅是開車使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致危險(xiǎn)。故F選項(xiàng)“不僅僅是開車時(shí)使用會(huì)讓你處于危險(xiǎn)之中”符合語境，承上啟下故選F。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenIwasyoung,Iwonderedwhyneighborhoodsdidn'tplantfruittreestobuildmunity.Later,myhusbandandIdecidedtheright____21____toanswerthisquestionwastodoitourselves,sowesetabout____22____ourfrontyardwithfruittrees,suchasstrawberries,pomegranates（石榴）andoranges.Everycropbroughtus____23____toneighborsandstrangers.Thefoodwasa（n）____24____tomunicate.Kidsintheneighborhood,includingoursons,learned____25____andgentletiming.Whenwehadextra,we'd____26____it.Then,wereceiveda____27____lesson:agifthiddenasaloss.Ourfirstevercropofpomegranateshad____28____,butatharvest,theywereallgone,____29____inthemiddleofthenight.Wewereshocked,sadand____30____.Oneofmyfriendshadfunsuggestingweposta____31____tocursethethieves.____32____,wemadeadecisionthatwe____33____needasign,butoursignwould____34____sharingandmunity.Lastfall,wehadalargercropofpomegranates.Wepostedasignthat____35____,“Ifyou'dlikeone,please____36____andintroduceyourselfandwe'dbehappytocutone____37____thetreeforyou.Cutting____38____thebranchesandisgoodforfuturegrowthsowecancontinuetosharewithnewfriendslikeyou.Thanks,theGreenFamily.”Today,Iamhappytorolemodel____39____formyyoungsonsandtohavebeenblessedwiththeopportunityto____40____anedible（可食的）frontyardforothers.21.A.service B.way C.control D.chance22.A.filling B.moving C.digging D.entering23.A.colder B.closer C.moreaccustomed D.moreresponsible24.A.limit B.approval C.excuse D.promise25.A.suspension B.independence C.distinction D.patience26.A.sell B.share C.enjoy D.eat27.A.challenging B.rigid C.strange D.powerful28.A.consumed B.watered C.picked D.ripened29.A.stolen B.sought C.delivered D.damaged30.A.frightened B.thrilled C.annoyed D.embarrassed31.A.note B.sign C.mail D.card32.A.Atlength B.Bycontrast C.Inaddition D.Onpurpose33.A.hardly B.monly C.really D.usually34.A.prevent B.force C.establish D.encourage35.A.read B.wrote C.spoke D.meant36.A.cut B.open C.take D.knock37.A.up B.down C.off D.out38.A.saves B.beautifies C.spreads D.nourishes39.A.cooperation B.sacrifice C.generosity D.petence40.A.display B.provide C.buy D.reject【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.D26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.A36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者通過種植果樹推動(dòng)了社區(qū)建設(shè)，與他人分享果實(shí)，拉近彼此之間的距離，以此鼓勵(lì)人們分享并且培養(yǎng)共享意識(shí)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我丈夫和我決定回答這個(gè)問題的正確方法是自己動(dòng)手，所以我們開始在前院種滿草莓、石榴和橘子等果樹。A.service服務(wù)；B.way路，方法；C.control 控制；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。由后文“answerthisquestionwastodoitourselves”可知，這里是指回答問題的“方式”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我丈夫和我決定回答這個(gè)問題的正確方法是自己動(dòng)手，所以我們開始在前院種滿草莓、石榴和橘子等果樹。A.filling填充；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.digging挖掘；D.entering進(jìn)入。由后文“withfruittrees”可知，這里應(yīng)指用果樹“填滿”前院。fill...with表“用……填滿”，為固定搭配，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每一次收獲都讓我們與鄰居和陌生人更加親近。A.colder更冷的；B.closer更親密的；C.moreaccustomed更習(xí)慣的；D.moreresponsible更負(fù)責(zé)任的。由后文“neighborsandstrangers”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，由于作者和鄰居和陌生人分享收獲，所以這讓他們走得“更近”了，關(guān)系更親密了。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：食物是交流的理由。A.limit.限制；B.approval批準(zhǔn)；C.excuse借口，理由；D.promise妥協(xié)。由前文“Everycropbroughtus3toneighborsandstrangers.”可知，食物是用來交流的“理由”，分享收獲讓人們走得更近。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：附近的孩子，包括我們的兒子，學(xué)會(huì)了耐心和溫和的計(jì)算果子成熟的時(shí)間。A.suspension暫停；B.independence獨(dú)立性；C.distinction區(qū)別；D.patience耐心。由后文“gentletiming”可知，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了溫和地紀(jì)錄果子成熟的時(shí)間，是有“耐心”的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們有多余的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)分享它。A.sell出售；B.share共享；C.enjoy享受；D.eat吃。由“extra”可知，當(dāng)我們有多余的水果時(shí)，我們就把它們“分享”給鄰居和陌生人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我們得到了一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的教訓(xùn)：被掩藏的天賦即為損失。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)的；B.rigid固執(zhí)的；C.strange奇怪的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的。由后文“butatharvest,theywereallgone”可知，所有的水果都被偷了，這是一個(gè)“很強(qiáng)大”教訓(xùn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的第一批石榴已經(jīng)成熟了，但是在收獲的時(shí)候，它們都不見了，在半夜里被偷走了。A.consumed消耗；B.watered澆水；C.picked選擇；D.ripened成熟。由后文“atharvest”可知，它們已經(jīng)“成熟”了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的第一批石榴已經(jīng)成熟了，但是在收獲的時(shí)候，它們都不見了，在半夜里被偷走了