考博英語模擬試卷239

考博英語模擬試卷239

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir

cooperation.

A、ethical

B>bilateral

C、mandatory

D、subsidiary

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題意為“兩位代表就如何加強雙邊合作深入交換了意見bilateral

的意思是"雙邊的",如:abilateralagreement（雙邊協(xié)定）。其他三項ethical“道德

的“，mandatory”強制的，托管的“，subsidiary”輔助的，補充的”都與題意不符，因

此正確答案為Rc

2、Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemake

senseoftheworldanditmorecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributions

astothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents.

A、delivered

B、rendered

C、practiced

D、suffocated

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題中，render”使處于某種狀態(tài)''符合題意，如：Thenewsrendered

herspeechless.（這個消息使她變得默默無言。）deliver“傳送”；practice”練習，實

踐“；suffocate“使窒息”都不正確。

3、theclaimaboutGermaneconomicmight,itissomewhatsurprisinghow

relativelysmalltheGermaneconomyactuallyis.

A^Togive

B、Given

C、Giving

D、Havinggiven

標準答案：B

知識點解析：過去分詞短語做狀語一般要和句子的主語有邏輯上的動賓關系，但

是，有時句子中的過去分詞雖然和句子主語不是邏輯上的動賓關系，但卻符合語

法，因為這些過去分詞功能相當于一個連詞或介詞，given就是其中之一。given可

用作介詞,意為“考慮到，假定，假如“，例如:Giventheweather,thefootball

gamewasquitegood.考慮到天氣因素，這場足球賽踢得相當不錯。Giventhathe

wasstillaboy,Iforgavehim.考慮到他還是個孩子,我就原諒他了。

4、Dealsshouldbenotonlyonyoursatisfaction,butalsoontheincorporation

papers,budget,rules,andotherdocuments.

A、contingent

B、detergent

C、resurgent

D、diligent

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、MyfriendsandIoneanotherwhenwe'reapart,andweshallcontinuetocare

abouteachotheruntilwearepermanentlypartedbydeath.

A^pinefor

B、yearnfbr

C^lustfor

D、languishfor

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、Thegovernmentwouldnotdaretoimposetaxesonsuchnecessitiesas-breadormilk.

A、cut

charge

C^force

D、occur

標準答案：C

知識點解析：impose把…強加，征（稅）。force強迫，迫使。cut切，割，砍。

charge使承擔。occur發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，存在。

7、Thejudgeremainedsoberdespitethelawyer'sludicrousattempttoprovethe

defendant,sinnocence.

A、sad

B、sorry

C>serious

D、surprised

標準答案：C

知識點解析：sober冷靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的。serious嚴肅的，認真的，意思與之接近。

8、Oneofthewrongnotionsaboutscienceisthatmanyscientificdiscoverieshavecome

about.

A、accordingly

B、accidentally

C、artificially

D^additionally

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題是一道形近詞辨析題。A項accordingly意為“相應地；因此，所

以，于是“；B項accidenlally意為“意外地，偶然地”；C項artificially意為“人造

地；造作地，虛假地”；D項additionally意為“另外地，附加地”。根據(jù)題意。B為

正確答案。

9、Inordertophotographanimals,elaborateflashlightequipmentisnecessary.

A、predatory

B、wild

C^nocturnal

D、rare

標準答案：C

知識點解析：（nocturnal夜間活動的，夜出的）。句意為：為了拍攝夜間活動的動

物，精良的閃光設備必不可少。A.predatory食肉的；B.wild野生的；D.rare稀

有的。

10,GiordanoBrunostronglysupportedCopernicus'sideathattheearthwasnotthe

centeroftheuniverse.Brunowasrewardedbybeingburnedatthestakeforthisand

otherideas.

A、faithful

heretical

CNbibliographical

D、hysterical

標準答案：B

知識點解析：faithful忠實,可靠的,heretical異端的，bibliographical書目的,

hysterical歇斯底里的。

11、Thefarmersweremoreanxiousforrainthanthepeopleinthecitybecausetheyhad

moreat.

A、danger

B、stake

C>loss

D、threat

標準答案：B

知識點解析：atstake意為“在危險中，生死攸關A項danger意為“危險”，不與

al搭配；C項loss意為“損失，喪失”，與山搭配時，應說“l(fā)aluss,意為“不知所

措”，D項threat意為“威脅”,不與at搭配。

12、thepassageoflight,manynewplasticsarcprocessedusingtechnologies

rivalingthoseusedinthemanufactureofcomputerchips.

A、Forthebetterof

B>Permittingbetter

C^Tobetterpermit

D^Itisbetterfor

標準答案：C

知識點解析：此處是不定式做狀語表示目的。betier應放于所修飾的動詞之前。

13、Theyweretired,butnotanylessenthusiasticthataccount.

A、on

by

C>for

D、with

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、Fromthehilltopwecanseehorsesarehereandthereinthepasture.

A、gazing

B>biting

C、licking

D、devouring

標準答案：A

知識點解析：graze放牧，（牛羊等）吃草。bile咬（某物，某人），（酸等）腐蝕，侵

蝕。lick蔓延，舔。devour吞噬。

15、Accordingtosomepsychologists,indevelopingamodelofcognition,wemust

recognizethatperceptionoftheexternalworlddoesnotalwaysremainindependent

motivation.

A^of

B、on

C、upon

D、in

標準答案：A

知識點解析：independemof獨立于，不依賴于。

16、SomeauthoritiestracethejurysystemtoAngloSaxonorevenmoreGermanic

times.

A、remote

B、similar

C、austere

D、barbaric

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題中，remole的意思是“遙遠的"；similar的意思是“類似的”；

austere的意思是“苛刻的”，質(zhì)樸的"；barbaric的意思是“野蠻的”。四個選項中只有

A項符合題意。

17、Afullofallthereasonsfbrandagainstclosingtherailwayhasbegun.

A、explosion

B、exploration

C、exploitation

D^explanation

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題意為“人們暢所欲言，開始解釋支持或反對關閉鐵路的理由

explanation的意思是“解釋，說明”，符合題意。如：Whatisyourexplanationfor

beinglate?（你對你的遲到怎么解釋?）其他三項“explosion爆炸；exploration探險；

exploitation剝削，利用”都不正確。

18、Thedaywasbreakingandpeoplebegantogotoworksothemurdererwasunable

toofthebody.

A、dispense

R、dispose

C、discard

D、discharge

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本句想說的是因為天亮了人們開始去上班，所以兇手無法處理尸體。

四個選項中dispense的意思是“分配，分發(fā)“；discard的意思是“丟棄，拋棄”；

discharge的意思是“卸貨，放出”。只有dispose和of構(gòu)成固定搭配，意思是“處

置，處理

19、HehasbeenplowingthroughabiographyofLyndonJohnsonandaof

HenryKissinger.

A^casualty

B、criteria

C、dissection

D、necessity

標準答案：C

知識點解析：dissection剖析。casualty傷亡。crileria標準。necessity必需品。

20、Tenminuteslater,thepolicecameandthecrowd.

A、dismayed

B、dispersed

C、dismounted

D、distressed

標準答案：B

知識點解析:A.dismayed使驚愕，使氣餒。B.dispersed（使）分散，（使）散開,疏

散。C.dismounted（使）下馬。D.distressed使苦惱。

21>Inparticular,therectors'callforuniversitiestoabandonHabilitation,apost-

doctoralqualificationtraditionallyrequiredtojoinprofessorialranks,wasgreetedwitha

silence.

A、returning

B、repeating

C^rebounding

D^resounding

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此題為近義詞辨析，需要用排除法。

22、Thepolicemusthaveasearchtosearchahouse,otherwisetheirsearchwill

beconsideredasillegalintrusion.

A、certificate

B、guarantee

C^license

D、Warrant

標準答案：D

知識點解析：warrant意為“授權令,許可證”,searchwarrant”搜查匪certificate

意為“匪書，證明書”；guarantee意為“擔保，抵押，保證書"；license意為“執(zhí)照，

許可證”。句意：警察要有搜查證才能搜查居民住所，否則被視為非法侵入。

23、ThesenatorofNewYorkcourtedblackvoters,consideredcrucialtothe

Democraticpresidentialnomination,inaseriesofcampaignstops.

A、confining

securing

C、lainpcring

D、pervading

標準答案：B

知識點解析：各項的意思是：confine“限制”；secure”保護，獲得"；tamper"干預，

賄賂,削弱，篡改“；pervade"遍及

24、Withherlastchildhavinglefthome,shefeltaneedtofillhertime.

A^tense

B、thorough

C^pressing

D、small

標準答案.C

知識點露析：暫無解析

25、Youngpeople'ssocialenvironmenthasaeffectontheiracademicprogress.

A、gross

solid

C、profound

D、complete

標準答案：C

知識點解析:profound深刻的;gross全部的，總的；solid固體的;complete全部

的。句意：年輕人的社會環(huán)境對他們的學業(yè)進步會有深刻的影響。

26>fleesifoneisconstantlysubjectedtodemeaningorders.

A、Erime

Harassment

C^Conceit

D、Pride

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

27、Thesemanticofancientdocumentsisnotunique.Eveninourowntime,

manydocumentsarcdifficulttodecipher.

Axaspect

B、pattern

C、opacity

D、intention

標準答案：C

知識點解析：（opacity晦澀）。句意為：古代文獻中的語義晦澀并不是獨特的現(xiàn)象，

即便在當代，許多文獻也很難解釋。A.aspect方面；B.pattern模式；

D.intention意圖。

28、Heissettingoutforthecountryandsendsyouathousandthanksand.

A^compliments

B、complements

C、satisfactions

D^supplements

標準答案：A

知識點解析：四個選項的意思分別是compliments”問候，致意”，如Yourpresence

isagreatcompliment（承蒙光1臨，不勝榮幸）；complements"補足物"；

satisfactions“滿意"；supplements”補充，增刊句意是,他就要動身去農(nóng)村，表示

萬分感謝你，并向你致以問候。所以正確答案是A選項。

29、Thetree,thebranchesarealmostbare,isaveryoldone.

A^ofwhich

B、inwhich

C^forwhich

D、withwhich

標準答案：A

知識點解析：ofwhich引導一個非限制性定語從句，其先行詞為thetrees。of表示

所有格關系，即thebranchesofthetreeso

30、Enteringthefurniturestore,Mr.Thompsontookafewminutestothroughthe

catalogandgotasenseofwhatkindsofsofawereinpopulardemand.

A^gaze

B、stare

C、shuffle

D、riffle

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，gaze意為“盯，凝視"；stare意為“凝視，盯著

看”；shuffle意為“拖曳,攪亂，推諉，洗牌"；riffle意為“使起漣漪,迅速洗牌”，

rifflethrough意為“很快地（漫不經(jīng)心地）翻閱...本題的句意是,Thompson先生

走進家具店之后，用了幾分鐘時間快速翻閱了商品目錄，了解了何種沙發(fā)受歡迎。

所以正確答案是D項。

二、閱讀理解（本題共“7題，每題7.0分，共“7

分。）

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthat

childrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceof

parentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesof

tileschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwart

curricularobjectives.Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparents

apprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconducted

workshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogiam,manuscriptwriting

anddevelopmentalmathematics.Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionof

thesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Theinformaltea

andthemanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyear,aswellasnewwaysofreporting

pupils'progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschool

andhome.Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmetic

processesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparent

sublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.Hemightbepersuadedto

letJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstick

ormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatripandengagingin

scoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,

itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogress

inmathematics,andatthesametime,enjoyingthework.Toooften,however,teachers'

conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren'smisdemeanors,

complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionforpenaltiesandrewards

athome.Whatisneededisamorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asa

professionaladviser,plantsideasinparents'mindsfor(hebestutilizationofthemany

hoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

31、Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

33、Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、Amethodofcommunicationnotmentionedbytheauthoristhe.

標準徵:*.n

知識?解扁暫無解析

35、Theauthorimpliesthat.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsupervisorsisoneof.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

37、WemayinferthatthewriterofthearticledoesNOTfavor.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

Thefirstthingtonoticeisthatthemediawe'reallfamiliarwith—frombooksto

television-areone-waypropositions:theypushtheircontentatus.TheWebistwo-way,

pushandpull.Infinerpoint,itcombinestheone-wayreachofbroadcastwiththetwo-

wayreciprocityofamid-cast.Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsender

ofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmindstretching!AsecondaspectoftheWebis

thatitisthefirstmediumthathonorsthenotionofmultipleintelligences.Thispast

century'sconceptofliteracygrewoutofourintensebeliefintext,afocusenhancedby

thepowerofoneparticulartechnology-thetypewriter.Itbecameagreattoollorwriters

butaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,

orevenmathematics.Thetypewriterprizedoneparticularkindofintelligence,butwith

theWeb,wesuddenlyhaveamediumthathonorsmultipleformsofintelligence一

abstract,textual,visual,musical,social,andkinesthetic.Aseducators,wenowhavea

chancetoconstructamediumthatenablesallyoungpeopletobecomeengagedintheir

idealwayoflearning.TheWebaffordsthematchweneedbetweenamediumandhowa

particularpersonlearns.AthirdandunusualaspectoftheWebisthatitleverages（起杠

桿作用）ihesmalleffortsofthemanywiththelargeeffortsofthefew.Forexample,

researchersintheMaricopaCountyCommunityCollegesysteminPhoenixhavefounda

waytolinkasetofseniorcitizenswithpupilsintheLongviewElementarySchool,as

hclpcr-mcntors（顧問）.It'swonderfultoscc-kidslistentothesegrandparentsbetterthan

theydototheirownparents,thementoringreallyhelpstheirteachers,andtheseniors

createasenseofmeaningforthemselves.Thus,thesmalleffortsoftheman—the

seniors-complementthelargeeffortsofthefew一theteachers.Thesamethingcanbe

foundinoperationatHewlett-Packard,whereengineersusetheWebtohelpkidswilh

scienceormathproblems.Bothoftheseexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceaswethink

aboutwhat'spossiblewhenwestartinterlacingresourceswithneedsacrossawhole

region.

38、Whatdoesthewordmind-stretchingimply?

標準答案：C

知識點解析:先找到這個詞所在的句子“Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverand

senderofbroadcast-aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!"這句話是說，在網(wǎng)絡

上人們可以是信息接受者也可以是發(fā)布者，這很讓人有點迷惑，但是卻對人的思維

有很高要求?？梢钥闯鰉ind-strctching!”的意思是C。

39、Whatisaterribletoolforactivitiessuchassketchingandpainting?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章中的第八行“Itbecameagreattoolfbrwritersbutaterribleonefor

othercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,oreven

mathematics.”這其中的it可以從緊跟的上文中找到是thetypewriter,所以是說

typewriter對sketching和painting來說是不好的工具。

40、Whichgroupofpeoplemakesomeeffortstohelppupilsinelementaryschools?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章的倒數(shù)第五行有這么一句：“Thus,thesmalleffortsoftheman-

theseniors—complementthelargeeffortsofthefew—theteachers."結(jié)合上文，說的是

小學請來年長者作為顧問，所以是年長者努力幫助小學生，故選D。

41、Thesentencetheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselvesmeanstheseniors

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這一句"theseniorscreateasenseofmeaningfbrthemselves”意思是"這

些老人也感覺到了自己的價值縱觀選項，B、C、D都是說的有關網(wǎng)絡的內(nèi)容，

而這句話并沒有涉及網(wǎng)絡的內(nèi)容，故A是符合其本意的。

42、Theexpression"scratchthesurface"mostprobablymeans.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：scratch亂涂，擦，刮,抓，挖出。可以看出詞組“scratchthesurface”

的意思是“只接觸表面”，只有C是跟這個意思相符的。C的意思是“處理某事物不

全面”，因此選C。

InTheBirthOrderBook:WhyYouAretheWayYouAre(2004),Dr.KevinLeman

notesthat21ofthefirst23Americansinspacewerefirst-bornmalesordnlychildren.

MorethanhalfofUnitedStatespresidentshavebeenfirst-bornsorfirst-bornboys.It'sa

prettysignificantfindinghistorically,becausefamiliesusedtobebiggerthantheyare

today."Inadditiontobeinghighachievers,olderchildrenalsogenerallyhavehigherIQs

(智商)thanyoungerones.Researchershaveriotedthatthemorekidsafamilyhas,the

lowereachchild'sindividualIQtendstobe.Theygiveafewreasonsforthis.Parents

onlyhavesomuchtime,attention,andmoney.Themorekidstheyhave,themorethese

thingsaredivided.First-bornsinitiallygettheentireparental-timepie.What'smore,the

ratioofgrown-upstokidsdecreaseswitheachnewbaby.Sotheyoungeronesarc

surroundedbymorechildren'slanguageonaveragethantheolderkids.Someresearchers

thinkparentalattentionisthekeytopersonalitybirth-orderdifferences.InhisbookBom

toRebel,psychologistFrankSullowaysayscompetitionforMomandDad'sattentionis

thethingthatreallyshapesourpersonalitiesand,infacthasshapedhistory.Heargues

thatweadaptourpersonalitiesaspartofourstrategytoseekfavorfromMomandDad.

Youngersiblings(兄弟姐妹)lendtobecomerebels.Sullowaystudiedpoliticalactivists

andfoundthatlater-bornactivistsweremoreradicalthantheirfirstbornpeers.The

conclusionofhisbookisthatsiblingcompetitionforparentalattentioncanaffectsociety

asawholeintimesofrevolution.ThomasJefferson,KarlMarx,andFidelCastrowereall

youngersiblings,fbrexample.Ascompellingasthisallis,it'salsosomethingweshould

probablytakewithcaution,thereareotherthingsthathappentousinlifebesidesthe

additionofsiblingstoourfamilies.Aparentcandie;ahurricanecanleaveushomeless;

wccancatchalife—threateningdisease.Anyoneofthesethingswillprobablyhave

moreofaneffectonourpersonalitiesthanthepresenceofsiblings.A2002studybore

thisoutAfterinterviewing535undergraduates,researchersconcludedthatpersonality

differencesrelatedtobirthorderwere"folklore",althoughIQandachievement

differenceswerewidelysupportedbyresearch.

43、Whatisimpliedby"theyoungeronesaresurroundedbymorechildren'slanguage

onaveragethantheolderkids"(Para.3)?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從第三段可知后來出生的孩子明顯和父母溝通甚少。

44、Sulloway,authorofBomtoRebel,suggeststhatyoungersiblings.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由文章的第四段可知。

45>WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactorshapingpersonality?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本文第六段提到了A項“父母雙亡”；C項“自然災害”；D項“疾病威

脅惟獨沒有提到B選項。

46、Whatisthemeaningoffolklore"in(helastparagraph?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文中可知，“folklore”并不是其原來的本意“民俗學，民間風俗，民

間傳說“，而是指沒有經(jīng)過證實的觀點。

47、Whichofthefollowingstatementsisproposedbyresearchers?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由第一段可判斷出D項是最符合題意的。

ItwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmericanRedCrossinGreaterNewYork.First,

partofabuildingonWest140thStreet,inHarlem,felldown.Bedstumbledthroughthe

air,peopleslidoutoftheirapartmentsandontotheground,threepeopledied,andthe

RedCrosswasthere,helpingshockedresidentsfindtemporaryshelter,andfoodand

clothing.Thenitwasbackdowntownforthatevening'sbigfund-raiser,theEleventh

AnnualRedCrossAwardDinnerDance,atthePierre.'That'swhyIhavebadhair

tonight,"SaidChristopherPeake,aRedCrossspokesmanwhohadspentmuchoftheday

attheHarlemscene,inthedrizzlingmin.Hewasnowinatuxedo,andactuallyhishair

didn'tlooksobad,framedbyacenterpieceoftulipsandjonquils,andperhapsimproved

bysubduedlightingformeightcrystalchandeliers.Definitelynothavingabad-hairnight

wasElizabethDole,thewifeofSenatorRobertDoleandthepresidentoftheAmerican

RedCross.PresidentDolehaschestnut-coloredRepublicanhair,whichwassoftlycoifed,

andshewaswearingafitiedburgundyvelveteveningsuit("Someonemadeitforme!I

lovevelvet!"sheexclaimed,inherenthusiastic,NorthernCarolinahostessvoice)and

sparklingdropearrings.Ofcourse,shehadn'tbeenstandingintheraininHarlem;she

hadjustflownuponthethree-o'clockshuttlefromWashington.Doleisextremelypretty,

withroundgreeneyesandafullmouthandadirectpersonality.Shetiltsherhead

attentivelywhenshelistens.Shewastherecipientoftheevening'saward;previousaward

winnershaveincludedMiceTully,PrincessYasminAgaKhan,...and,mostrecently,

BrookeAstor.Notexactlyasequenceattheendofwhichyouwouldexpecttofind

ElizabethDole,butawardgiversarefamousforhavingpoliticalinstinctsaswellas

philanthropicones.Surroundedbythedeep-blueswagsandgoldendraperiesofthe

ballroomweremorethanthirty-fivedinnertablessetwithgroupingsofcandlesandfloral

centerpiecesandRoyalDoullonchina,AmericanExpresswasthere.SowereBristol-

MyersSquibb;Coopers&Lybrand;theNewYorkLife;...andPriceWaterhouse.The

actressArleneDahl,withherratherredhairandherbeardedhusband,presidedoverone

table.Otherwise,itwasatypical,faceless,captain-of-industryfundmiser(nomodels!No

stars!),ofwhichthereseemstobeatleastoneeverynightinNewYorkCity.Itwasnot

asocietynight,butstilltheeveningraisedfourhundredandthirtythousanddollars.

48、FromthatwereadwecaninferthatMitwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmerican

RedCrossinGreaterNewYork"meansitsstaff.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從文章第一段可推出。A”每天處理市內(nèi)的倒塌之房”，C“每日白天工

作，夜晚酒宴”，D“每天去哈萊姆，紐約最貧困地區(qū)，幫助那里的人民”，均不

對。

49、Thefund-raisermentionedinthepassagerefersto.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：見第一段第三句。

50、ChristopherPeake'shairdidn'tlooksobadbecause.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：見第一段最后一句c

51、ElizabethDolewas.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第二段第一句就提到伊麗莎白，美國紅十字會主席，后面又提到她是

晚會獲獎者，所以說她是最重要的代表。

52、ThepresenceofanactressattheDinermadethefundraising.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從文章最后三句可知。這位演員的參加，使得宴會更個人化，“要不

然，這就是一個典型的、姓名不詳?shù)墓I(yè)巨頭的集資者會了"，所以選A,B、C、

D三項意思均相反。

Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearlydevelopmentofstatistical

methods.Statisticshadamotherwhowasdedicatedtokeepingorderlyrecordsof

governmentalunits(stateandstatisticscomefromthesameLatinroot,status)anda

gentlemanlygamblingfatherwhoreliedonmathematicstoincreasehisskillatplaying

theoddsingamesofchance.Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,statistics,is

representedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,andthetakingof

censusesallofwhichledtomodemdescriptivestatistics.Fromtheinfluenceofthe

fathercamemodeminferentialstatistics,whichisbasedsquarelyontheoriesof

probability.Descriptivestatisticsinvolvestabulating,depicting,anddescribing

collectionsofdata.Thesedatamaybeeitherquantitative,suchasmeasuresofheight,

intelligence,orgradelevelvariablesthatarecharacterizedbyanunderlying

continuumorthedatamayrepresentqualitativevariable,suchassex,collegemajor,or

personalitytype.Largemassesofdatamustgenerallyundergoaprocessof

summarizationorreductionbeforetheyarecomprehensible.Descriptivestatisticsistool

fordescribingorsummarizingorreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofan

otherwiseunwieldymassofdata.Inferentialstatisticsisaformalizedbodyofmethods

forsolvinganotherclassofproblemsthatpresentgreatdifficultiesfortheunaidedhuman

mind.Thisgeneralclassofproblemscharacteristicallyinvolvesattemptstomake

predictionsusingasampleofobservations.Forexample,aschoolsuperintendentwishes

todeterminetheproportionofchildreninalargeschoolsystemwhocometoschool

withoutbreakfast,havebeenvaccinatedforflu,orwhatever.Havingalittleknowledgeof

statistics,thesuperintendentwouldknowthatitisunnecessaryandinefficienttoquestion

eachchild;theproportionlortheentiredistrictcouldbeestimatedfairlyaccuratelyfrom

asampleofasfewas100children.Thus,thepuiposeofinferentialstatisticsistopredict

orestimatecharacteristicsofapopulationfromknowledgeofthecharacteristicsofonlya

sampleofthepopulation.

53、Whichofthefollowingarecountinganddescribingassociatedwith?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由文章第一段中“Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,

statistics,isrepresentedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,

andthetakingofcensusesallofwhichledtomodemdescriptivestatistics.“可以得

到答案。

54、Whydoestheauthormentionthe"mother"and"father"inthefirstparagraph?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：作者用“父親”、"母親”這樣的說法只是為了用一種幽默和易懂的方式

來介紹統(tǒng)計學的由來。

55Whichofthefollowingistrueofdescriptivestatistics?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第三段最后一句話“Descriptivestatisticsistoolfordescribingor

summarizingorreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofanotherwiseunwieldy

massofdat；.”說明描述統(tǒng)計學是對大量雜亂的數(shù)據(jù)性質(zhì)進行描敘、總結(jié)或者簡化

以更易于理解的工具。所以C正確。

56、Whatisthepurposeofexaminingasampleofapopulation?

標準答案：D

知識點解扁：由文章最后一段易知：抽樣檢測的目的是為了預測整體的特性。這也

就是inferentialstatistics的方法和內(nèi)容。

57、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitlefor(hispassage?

標準答案：c

知識點0析：整篇文章講述的就是統(tǒng)計學的發(fā)展和應用，所以C最合適。

Doesanunbornbabyknowhismother'svoice?PsychologyprofessorAnthonyDeCasper

advisedaningeniousexperimenttofindout.Heplacedpaddedearphonesovera

newborn'searsandgavehimabottlenippleattachedtoaclosedrubbertube.Changesin

pressureinthetubeswitchedchannelsonataperecorder.Ifthebabypausedextralong

betweenburstsofsucking,heheardonchannel;ifhepausedshorterthanaverage,he

heardtheother.Thebabynowhadtheability,ineffect,tochangechannels.DeCasper

foundthatnewbornschoosetherecordingoftheirmother'svoiceoverthatofanother

woman's.Thebaby,however,hasnoinnateinterestinhisfather'svoice,whichisheard

inthewombonlyfromtimetotime,whilethemother'svoiceiseverpresent.Withintwo

weeksafterbirth,however,thebabycanrecognizeDad'svoicetoo.Anewborniseven

attunedtothecadenceandrhythmofhisnativelanguage.InaFrenchstudyusingasetup

similartoDcCaspcr's,FrenchbabiesgiventhechoicebetweenFrenchandRussianwords

respondedmoretothesoundofFrench.BrianSalt,aresearchspecialistinclinical

psychology,hasparentssingalullaby-like"wombsong"totheirbabies.Theunborn

babyoftendevelopsaspecific,consistentmovementpatternwhenitssongissung.

AccordingtoSalt,mostparentscancalmafussynewbornwiththesongmostofthetime,

whichisaprizeworthmorethanrubiestoanewpareni.Heisrousedbyaheavyjolt.His

motherhastrippedandfallenheavilyononehip.Heismuchtoowellcushionedio

experienceanyinjury,butherpainandthefearthatshemayhavehurthimfloodsboth

theirbodieswithadrenalineandotherstress-relatedhormones.Hecriesandkicks

vigorously,acryneverheardbecausethereisnoairtomakesound.Assherecoversthe

stresshormonesebbaway,andhecalmsdowntoo.

58、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheunbornbabyinthepassage?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

59、Accordingtotheauthor,anunbornbaby.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

60、Itisknownfromthepassagethat.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

61、Theauthorbelievesihatthereactionofanunbornbabytohismother'svoice

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

62、Ilcanassumedthattheparagraphprecedingthepassagemostprobablydiscussed

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

FrictionbetweenAmerica'smilitaryanditscivilianoverseersisnothingnew.America's

220-ycarexperimentinciviliancontrolofthemilitaryisarecipeforfriction.Thenation's

historyhasseenaseriesofshiftsindecision-makingpoweramongtheWhiteHouse,the

civiliansecretariesandtheuniformedelite（精英）.However,whatmayseemonthe

outsideanunstableandspecialsystemofpowersharinghas,withoutadoubt,beenakey

totwocenturiesofmilitarysuccess.Intheinfightingdatestotherevolution,George

Washingtonwagedacontinualstrugglenotjustformoney,buttocontroltheactualbattle

plan.TheframersoftheConstitutionsoughttoclarifythingsbymakingthepresidentthe

"commanderinchief.NotsinceWashingtonworehisuniformandledthetroopsacross

theAllegheniestoquell（MH）theWhiskeyRebellionhasasittingpresidenttaken

comman