2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市羅湖區(qū)八年級(jí)下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

試題PAGE1試題2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第一部分選擇題（50分）Ⅰ．完形填空（10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。（共10小題，每小題1分）Iamnotlikemostkidsbecauseofmycerebralpalsy(腦癱).Oneofmy___1___isshorterandsmallerthantheother,soIdon’thavemuchcontroloverthatfoot.Ihavetowearabraceonmylegtokeepitfromcurling(蜷縮)up,andthatmakesithardformeto___2___.BecauseIwalk___3___andwearabrace,Iamgivenunfriendlynamesbyotherkids.Youdon’tknowhowcrueltheycanbeunlessyou___4___it.SometimesIjusthavetocrymyfeelingsout.SometimesIcomehomewithmyeyesred.It’snotfunwhenothers___5___meoversomethingIcan’tcontrol.CPisnotanillness.Itwillnevergoaway.Iwillhaveitformywhole___6___.Overtheyears,Ihavelearnedto___7___mystrongpoints,Oneofmystrongpointsissinging.Itryhardatit.Thatissomethingtokeepmegoingeveryday.Ifyoualsohavesomekindof___8___likeme,starttodaytodosomethingthatmakesyouhappy.Dowhateveryoubelieveyoucan.Talktosomeonewiththesameproblem.Ihopemystorywill___9___youtotakeabetterlookatlifeandknowtherearekidswhoalsohaveahardtime.Don’tletthehardtimesstopyour___10___,andkeepreachingforthestars.1.A.arms B.hands C.legs D.ears2.A.sit B.lie C.sleep D.balance3.A.successfully B.differently C.happily D.peacefully4.A.experience B.describe C.practise D.explain5.A.takecareof B.makefunof C.putupwith D.catchupwith6.A.life B.day C.week D.year7.A.lookup B.lookfor C.lookover D.lookthrough8.A.pleasure B.surprise C.disability D.support9.A.order B.invite C.encourage D.train10.A.memories B.secrets C.stories D.dreamsⅡ．閱讀理解（40分）第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。（共15小題，每小題1.5分）ALearnaboutthescienceofsleepingOurbodiessleepin90-minutecycles(周期),experiencingfivetosixeachnight.Atfirst,youenteralightstageofsleepwhenyourmuscles(肌肉)relax.Then,thebodytemperaturedrops,andtheheartrate(心率)slows.Nextcomesdeepsleep.It’sdifficulttowakeupduringthisstage.Thisiswhenyourbodyrepairsitselfandbuildsupenergyforthedayahead.Finally,yougetintotheREM(快速眼動(dòng))sleepstage.Itiswhenmostdreaminghappens.AfterREMsleep,thecyclerepeats.Wakingupinthemorninginthe“wrong”stagecanmakeyoufeelespeciallytired.AnappcalledSleepCalculatorcanhelpyouavoidthis.Itcanworkouttheperfectbedtimeforyoubasedonyourwake-uptime.DevelopedbytheUKcompanyHillarys,thissmartcalculatorconsidersthesleepcyclesourbodiesgothrougheachnight.Whetheryou’reanearlybirdoranightowl,simplyinputyourwake-uptime,andthecalculatorwillworkouttheperfectbedtimetomakesurethatyouriseandshinewithaspringinyourstep.It’salsoworthnotingthatyoushouldn’tjuststartyoursleepcyclewheneveryouwant.Manyyoungpeoplegotobedlateandgetuplate,suchassleepingfrom2a.m.to10a.m.Theythinkaslongastheyhave8hours’sleep,everythingwillbefine.Butinfact,ourbodiescantellthetime,byusinglightandtemperature.Ifwewakeuptoolate,wemayfeelevenmoretiredafteroversleeping.11.Howmanystagesdoeseachsleepcyclehave?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.12.Whathappenstousduringthestageofdeepsleep?A.Wegetintodreamsandstaystill. B.Ourtemperaturegoesdownquickly.C.Ourheartraterisesandmusclesrelax. D.Webuildupenergyandrepairourbody.13.Whatwillhappenifyouwakeupina“wrong”stage?A.Youreyeswillmoverapidly. B.Youmayfeelverytired.C.Youmayhavebaddreams. D.Youmayloseenergyquickly.14.WhatcanSleepCalculatordoforusers?A.Suggesttheperfectbedtime. B.Preventyoufromdreamingalot.C.Wakeyouupwhenyouoversleep. D.Makeyoufallasleepfaster.15.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inahistorytextbook. B.Inatourguide. C.Inasciencemagazine. D.Inastorybook.BOveronehundredyearsago,therelivedamannamedPhileasFogg.Formanyyears,heledaveryquietlife.Hespenteverydayathisclub,whichwaswhererichmenwenttomeettheirfriends.Everymorning,helefthishouseatexactly11:30andwalked576stepstohisclub.Thenheatelunch.Afterlunch,Foggreadthreenewspapersfromcovertocover.Thenheatesupper.Afterthat,heplayedcardswithfriends.Atmidnight,hewenthometobed...beforedoingexactlythesamethenextday.ButoneWednesday,everythingchanged.Foggreadsomeamazingnewsinhispaper.“Listentothis,”heannounced(宣告)tohisfriends.“Itsaysit’spossibletotravelaroundtheworldinonlyeightydays!”Althoughhisfriendshadalaughoverthat,Foggwassurehecoulddoit.Whenonefriendbet(打賭)thatitcouldn’tbedone,Foggreplied,“IwillbettwentythousandpoundsthatIcangoaroundtheworldineightydaysorless!”EveryonethoughthewascrazybutFogghadmadeuphismind.“IshallbebackonDecember21st,”hesaid.Assoonashearrivedhome,FoggaskedPassepartout,hisbutler(男管家),topackasmallbag.Luckily,Passepartoutmovedveryquickly.Inlessthantenminutes,theywereontheirwaytothestation…andat8:45exactly,thetrainpulledout,FoggandPassepartoutwereoffontheirgreatadventure.Theywereheadingforthecoast,wheretheycouldcatchaboattoFrance.Buttheywerealsoheadingstraightfortrouble.AdaptedfromAroundtheWorldinEightyDays16.Howdidtheauthorstartthestory?A.Byintroducingthemaincharacter. B.Bysettingagoodexample.C.Bydescribingapeacefulscene. D.Byexpressinghisopinion.17.WhatwasFogg’slifelikeaccordingtoParagraphland2?A.Happyandexciting. B.Quietandboring.C.Boringanddangerous. D.Busyandpeaceful.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?A.Totravelaroundtheworldin80days. B.Tohaveatwenty-thousand-poundbet.C.Totumadeafeartohisfriends’laughter. D.Toreadsomeamazingnewstohisfriends.19.HowlongdidittakePassepartouttopackabag?A.Inhalfanhour. B.Innearlyanhour. C.Withintenminutes. D.Inover10minute.20.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmighthappenaftertheygotontheboat?A.Theymighthaveasafeandpleasanttrip.B.Theymightgetintotroubleduringthetrip.C.Theymightvisittheirfriendnamedtrouble.D.Theymighttakeacarriageforthewholetrip.C“Ontheveryfirstdayof2024IsawthesnowsofKilimanjaro,”saidXuZhuoyuan,a17-year-oldmountaineerfromHunan.Xuclimbedthetallestpeak(山峰)inAfricaonJan1st.SheevenstoodontopofMountQomolangmalastMay,makinghertheyoungestChinesegirltoclimbtotheworld’shighestpeakfromthesouthernslope(南坡).Xu’smountaineeringjourneybeganonafamilytriptoSichuanfouryearsago.PassingbyMountSiguniang,shefeltdrawntoitsbeautyanddecidedtotryscaling(攀登)it.Shefellinlovewithmountaineeringrightthenandthere.Forthenextfewyears,Xudidhardtraining.ShewenttothemountainsinYunnanandSichuaneverymonth,climbingpeaksover5,000metersanddoingdailyphysicalexercises.AllthathardworkgotherreadyforthechallengesshewouldfaceonKilimanjaro.Above4000metersonMountKilimanjaro,theclimateissimilartoadesert,withbigtemperaturedifferences.Thewholeclimbtooksevendays,duringwhichXufacedunpredictableweathersuchasrainandstrongwinds.Stayingwarmandavoidingheatlosswerethemainchallenges.Xuhadtokeepaneyeonthetemperatureandchangeherclotheswhenthetemperaturechanged.ThisclimbwasalsoalearningexperienceforXu.ShewasclimbingwithXiaBoyu,thefirstChineseclimbertoreachthetopofMountQomolangmawithaprosthetic(假肢的)leg.whowasalmost74yearsold.“EverytimeIfeltlikegivingup,justseeingXiawasenoughtoencourageme.”Xusaid.Lookingahead,Xuhassetgreatgoalsforherself.Sheplanstoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents(大陸)andvisittheNorthandSouthPoles(南極)bythetimeshe’s18.That’sher“7+2program”.21WhendidXuclimbtotheworld’shighestpeakfromthesouthernslope?A.InJanuary,2024. B.InMay,2023. C.InJanuary,2022. D.InMay,2020.22.WhatencouragedXutostarthermountaineeringjourney?A.Herparents’loveforclimbing. B.Herlovefordifferentexercises.C.AvisittoMountSigunianginSichuan. D.HercuriosityaboutMountQomolangma.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unpredictable”probablymeaninthepassage?A.Changeable. B.Comfortable. C.Acceptable. D.Enjoyable.24.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Howawfultheclimatewasandwhatshedidwithherclothes.B.Howtallthemountainisandhowquicklythetemperaturedrops.CThemainchallengeduringXu’sclimbandhowshedealtwithit.D.HowlongittookXutoscalethepeakandhowshestayedwarm.25.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Anunforgettablelearningexperience. B.ThelifeofabraveChinesemountaineer.C.AyoungChinesemountaineer’s“7+2program”. D.AyoungChinesemountaineerscalednewheights.第二節(jié)請(qǐng)閱讀全文，并從下列方框里的六個(gè)句子中選擇五個(gè)還原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、連貫。（共5小題，每小題2分）Formanykids,summervacationisthetimetoplay.Theycanfinallyleavebooksandlessonsbehindafteratermofbusyschoollife.___26___Shehatedtowastetimeonmeaninglessthings.SincePenelopenotonlylikedreading,butalsowishedtoshareherloveforreadingwithotherkids,shecameupwithaplantorunherownlibraryintheneighborhood.Penelope’sparentscompletelyagreedwithher.___27___Penelopebroughtallherbookstohernewlibrary.Aftereverythingwasready,Penelopestartedopeningthegarage(車庫(kù))doorforafewhoursfromMondaytoFriday.Anditwasn’tlongbeforechildrenbeganliningupoutsidethegarage.___28___Weekslater,Penelopefoundmostchildrenlikedtocommunicatewithothersafterreadingsomethinginteresting.___29___Itbecamereallypopularamongthereaders.Moreandmorechildrenjoinedtheclub.TheythankedPenelopeforhermeaningfulaction.___30___Hergaragelibraryenablesmorepeopletocontinuereadingandlearning.Itisreallyafantasticwaytodeveloplife-longlearners.A.Penelopetoldhermumthatshewantedasummerjob.B.Soshealsosetupareadingclubforthemtoshareideas.C.Penelope,ontheotherhand,chosetodosomethingdifferent.D.Thoughshewasbusyatthelibrary,Penelopewassatisfiedeveryday.E.Duringtheopeninghours,thelibrarywasalwayscrowdedbutquiet.F.Andtheyweregladtoprovidethefamily’sgarageasherlibrary.第三節(jié)信息匹配下面的材料A~F分別介紹了六部動(dòng)漫電影。請(qǐng)根據(jù)Nelson、Gary、Helen、Wendy、Alice五個(gè)人不同的情況幫助匹配他們可能感興趣的動(dòng)漫電影。A.How’sMovingCastleissetinafictionalkingdom(虛構(gòu)王國(guó))wherebothmagicandearly21stcenturytechnologiesareusedtofightagainsteachotheratawarwithanotherkingdom.B.TheBoyandtheHeron(鷺)isaboutaboywhomovestothecountryafterhismother’sdeathandthendiscoversanoldtowernearhisnewhome,andentersafantasticunknownworldwithatalkingheron.C.Cocoistotallyatreatformusic-lovers.Itisaboutfamily,lifeanddeath,alongwithmanybeautifulsongstoremindusofourloveforpeoplewhowecareaboutandwhoareclosetous.D.Nezha:BirthoftheDemonChildisbasedontheChinesemythological(神話的)characterNezha.Inthefilm,hefightsforhisownfutureandformsastrongfriendshipwithAoBing,adragonprincefromtheEastSea.E.30,000MilesfromChang’anfollowsthestoryofthelongfriendshipofLiBaiandGaoShi.Afterwatchingthemovie,youwillbetterunderstandthehistoryduringtheTangDynasty(朝).F.KungFuPanda4cameasthefourthfilmofitsseries.Thistime,anewdragonwarriormustbefoundtocontinuethetitle,Still,KungFufightingscenesandChineseelementscanbeseen.31.Nelsonlikesmusic.Hethinksit’snicetowatchacartoonwhileenjoyingmusic.32.Garydreamstogoonanadventuretoexploretheunknownworld.33.Helen’sdreamistobeahistorianandstudyChinesehistoryofthousandsofyears.34.Wendy’shobbyisreadingChinesemythologies.Shethinkstheyareamazing.35.Alicelovesallkindsofmagic,especiallywhenthey’refightingagainsttechnologies.第二部分非選擇題（25分）Ⅲ．語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1分）閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中的詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。TaoYuanming,alsoknownasTaoQian,wasafamouspoetduringtheSixDynastiesperiod.Henamed___36___(him)“FiveWillows(五柳先生)”afterthefivewillowtreesbesidehishouse.Heoftenwrotepoems___37___(show)hisopinions.Eachtimehecametounderstandsomething,hewassohappythathe___38___(forget)abouthismeals.Hispoems___39___(perfect)describedalifeoffaringanddrinking,sohe___40___(call)“PoetoftheFields”.Inhispoems,thereaderswereadvisedtodropoutofofficial(官員)life___41___movetothecountry.Tao’ssimpleandplainstyleofwritingbecame___42___(famous)thanmanypoetsthenbecausehisworksreachedalargernumberofpeopleatthetime.The___43___(express)ofhisloveforthecountrylifeattractedmanypoets,too.SuShi,oneof___44___mostimportantpoetsoftheSongDynasty,saidthatevenLiBai,orDuFudidn’tsucceedinmatchingTao’sachievement.Different___45___manypoets,hispoemsshowharmonyandsimplicitybothinhislifeandhiswritingstyle.Ⅳ．書面表達(dá)（15分）46.假設(shè)你是陽(yáng)光中學(xué)學(xué)生李華，你校將上周五舉辦了社團(tuán)文化節(jié)，校報(bào)英語(yǔ)專欄Happytime向同學(xué)們征集報(bào)導(dǎo)該活動(dòng)的稿件，請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示寫一篇英文報(bào)道向?qū)谕陡?。?nèi)容包括：活動(dòng)目的豐富校園生活和校園文化活動(dòng)內(nèi)容①TraditionalArtClub做剪紙、中國(guó)結(jié)②Cartoonclub動(dòng)漫人物繪畫展……

學(xué)生感受

要求：1.80詞左右(開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名；3.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使語(yǔ)句通順、條理清楚、意義連貫；4.卷面整潔、書寫規(guī)范。參考詞匯：豐富enrichv.中國(guó)結(jié)Chineseknotn.展覽exhibitionn.LastFriday,aclubfestivalwasheldinourschool._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第一部分選擇題（50分）Ⅰ．完形填空（10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。（共10小題，每小題1分）Iamnotlikemostkidsbecauseofmycerebralpalsy(腦癱).Oneofmy___1___isshorterandsmallerthantheother,soIdon’thavemuchcontroloverthatfoot.Ihavetowearabraceonmylegtokeepitfromcurling(蜷縮)up,andthatmakesithardformeto___2___.BecauseIwalk___3___andwearabrace,Iamgivenunfriendlynamesbyotherkids.Youdon’tknowhowcrueltheycanbeunlessyou___4___it.SometimesIjusthavetocrymyfeelingsout.SometimesIcomehomewithmyeyesred.It’snotfunwhenothers___5___meoversomethingIcan’tcontrol.CPisnotanillness.Itwillnevergoaway.Iwillhaveitformywhole___6___.Overtheyears,Ihavelearnedto___7___mystrongpoints,Oneofmystrongpointsissinging.Itryhardatit.Thatissomethingtokeepmegoingeveryday.Ifyoualsohavesomekindof___8___likeme,starttodaytodosomethingthatmakesyouhappy.Dowhateveryoubelieveyoucan.Talktosomeonewiththesameproblem.Ihopemystorywill___9___youtotakeabetterlookatlifeandknowtherearekidswhoalsohaveahardtime.Don’tletthehardtimesstopyour___10___,andkeepreachingforthestars.1.A.arms B.hands C.legs D.ears2.A.sit B.lie C.sleep D.balance3.A.successfully B.differently C.happily D.peacefully4.A.experience B.describe C.practise D.explain5.A.takecareof B.makefunof C.putupwith D.catchupwith6.A.life B.day C.week D.year7.A.lookup B.lookfor C.lookover D.lookthrough8.A.pleasure B.surprise C.disability D.support9.A.order B.invite C.encourage D.train10.A.memories B.secrets C.stories D.dreams【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A5.B6.A7.B8.C9.C10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了作者身患腦癱，但是積極面對(duì)生活中的困難的勵(lì)志故事?！?題詳解】句意：我的一條腿比另一條短，所以我對(duì)那只腳沒(méi)有太多的控制力。arms手臂；hands手；legs腿；ears耳朵。根據(jù)“soIdon’thavemuchcontroloverthatfoot.”可知，應(yīng)該說(shuō)一條腿比另一條短。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：我不得不在腿上戴一個(gè)支架來(lái)防止它卷曲，這使我很難保持平衡。sit坐；lie躺；sleep睡覺(jué)；balance保持平衡。根據(jù)“Ihavetowearabraceonmylegtokeepitfromcurling(蜷縮)up,andthatmakesithardformeto”可知，應(yīng)該說(shuō)自己很難保持平衡。故選D?！?題詳解】句意：因?yàn)槲易呗贩绞讲煌?，還戴著支架，所以其他孩子給我起了不友好的名字。successfully成功地；differently不同地；happily高興地；peacefully和平地。根據(jù)“andwearabrace,Iamgivenunfriendlynamesbyotherkids.”可知，應(yīng)該說(shuō)走路方式不同。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：你不知道他們有多殘忍，除非你親身經(jīng)歷過(guò)。experience經(jīng)歷；describe描述；practise練習(xí)；explain解釋。根據(jù)“Youdon’tknowhowcrueltheycanbeunlessyou”可知，應(yīng)該說(shuō)除非你親身經(jīng)歷，不然不知道他們多殘忍。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：當(dāng)別人因?yàn)槲覠o(wú)法控制的事情取笑我時(shí)，這一點(diǎn)都不好玩。takecareof照顧；makefunof取笑；putupwith忍受；catchupwith趕上。根據(jù)前文“Iamgivenunfriendlynamesbyotherkids.”可知，此處指的是因?yàn)闊o(wú)法控制的事情取笑作者。故選B。【6題詳解】句意：我一生都會(huì)伴有腦癱。life生命，生活；day天；week周；year年。根據(jù)“Itwillnevergoaway.”可知，此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)腦癱會(huì)伴隨作者一生。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：這些年來(lái)，我學(xué)會(huì)了尋找自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一就是唱歌。lookup查閱；lookfor尋找；lookover翻閱；lookthrough瀏覽。根據(jù)“mystrongpoints,”可知，此處指的自己尋找優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：如果你也像我一樣有某種殘疾，從今天開(kāi)始做一些讓你快樂(lè)的事情。pleasure快樂(lè)；surprise驚訝；disability殘疾；support支持。根據(jù)“Iamnotlikemostkidsbecauseofmycerebralpalsy(腦癱)”可知，此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)有某種殘疾。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：我希望我的故事能鼓勵(lì)你更好地看待生活，并知道有些孩子也有困難。order訂購(gòu)；invite邀請(qǐng)；encourage鼓勵(lì)；train訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)“youtotakeabetterlookatlifeandknowtherearekidswhoalsohaveahardtime.”可知，應(yīng)該說(shuō)希望自己的故事能給你鼓勵(lì)。故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：不要讓艱難的時(shí)光阻止你的夢(mèng)想，繼續(xù)向著星星的懷抱。memories記憶；secrets秘密；stories故事；dreams夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)“Don’tletthehardtimesstopyour…andkeepreachingforthestars.”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，指的是不要讓艱難的時(shí)光阻止你的夢(mèng)想。故選D。Ⅱ．閱讀理解（40分）第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。（共15小題，每小題1.5分）ALearnaboutthescienceofsleepingOurbodiessleepin90-minutecycles(周期),experiencingfivetosixeachnight.Atfirst,youenteralightstageofsleepwhenyourmuscles(肌肉)relax.Then,thebodytemperaturedrops,andtheheartrate(心率)slows.Nextcomesdeepsleep.It’sdifficulttowakeupduringthisstage.Thisiswhenyourbodyrepairsitselfandbuildsupenergyforthedayahead.Finally,yougetintotheREM(快速眼動(dòng))sleepstage.Itiswhenmostdreaminghappens.AfterREMsleep,thecyclerepeats.Wakingupinthemorninginthe“wrong”stagecanmakeyoufeelespeciallytiredAnappcalledSleepCalculatorcanhelpyouavoidthis.Itcanworkouttheperfectbedtimeforyoubasedonyourwake-uptime.DevelopedbytheUKcompanyHillarys,thissmartcalculatorconsidersthesleepcyclesourbodiesgothrougheachnight.Whetheryou’reanearlybirdoranightowl,simplyinputyourwake-uptime,andthecalculatorwillworkouttheperfectbedtimetomakesurethatyouriseandshinewithaspringinyourstep.It’salsoworthnotingthatyoushouldn’tjuststartyoursleepcyclewheneveryouwant.Manyyoungpeoplegotobedlateandgetuplate,suchassleepingfrom2a.m.to10a.m.Theythinkaslongastheyhave8hours’sleep,everythingwillbefine.Butinfact,ourbodiescantellthetime,byusinglightandtemperature.Ifwewakeuptoolate,wemayfeelevenmoretiredafteroversleeping.11.Howmanystagesdoeseachsleepcyclehave?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.12.Whathappenstousduringthestageofdeepsleep?A.Wegetintodreamsandstaystill. B.Ourtemperaturegoesdownquickly.C.Ourheartraterisesandmusclesrelax. D.Webuildupenergyandrepairourbody.13.Whatwillhappenifyouwakeupina“wrong”stage?A.Youreyeswillmoverapidly. B.Youmayfeelverytired.C.Youmayhavebaddreams. D.Youmayloseenergyquickly.14.WhatcanSleepCalculatordoforusers?A.Suggesttheperfectbedtime. B.Preventyoufromdreamingalot.C.Wakeyouupwhenyouoversleep. D.Makeyoufallasleepfaster.15.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inahistorytextbook. B.Inatourguide. C.Inasciencemagazine. D.Inastorybook.【答案】11.B12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了睡眠周期及其對(duì)睡眠的影響，并介紹了一款睡眠計(jì)算器應(yīng)用程序，它可以根據(jù)起床時(shí)間計(jì)算合適的入睡時(shí)間?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atfirst,youenteralightstageofsleepwhenyourmuscles(肌肉)relax…Finally,yougetintotheREM(快速眼動(dòng))sleepstage.”可知，睡眠周期有4個(gè)階段。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nextcomesdeepsleep.It’sdifficulttowakeupduringthisstage.Thisiswhenyourbodyrepairsitselfandbuildsupenergyforthedayahead.”可知，深度睡眠階段，身體可以積累能量和自我修復(fù)。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wakingupinthemorninginthe‘wrong’stagecanmakeyoufeelespeciallytired.”可知，在錯(cuò)誤的階段醒來(lái)你會(huì)感到非常疲憊。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whetheryou’reanearlybirdoranightowl,simplyinputyourwake-uptime,andthecalculatorwillworkouttheperfectbedtimetomakesurethatyouriseandshinewithaspringinyourstep.”可知，這款計(jì)算器會(huì)計(jì)算出完美的就寢時(shí)間。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，本文主要講述了睡眠周期及其對(duì)睡眠的影響，并介紹了一款睡眠計(jì)算器應(yīng)用程序，它可以根據(jù)起床時(shí)間計(jì)算合適的入睡時(shí)間，因此我們可以在科學(xué)雜志上看到這篇文章。故選C。BOveronehundredyearsago,therelivedamannamedPhileasFogg.Formanyyears,heledaveryquietlife.Hespenteverydayathisclub,whichwaswhererichmenwenttomeettheirfriends.Everymorning,helefthishouseatexactly11:30andwalked576stepstohisclub.Thenheatelunch.Afterlunch,Foggreadthreenewspapersfromcovertocover.Thenheatesupper.Afterthat,heplayedcardswithfriends.Atmidnight,hewenthometobed...beforedoingexactlythesamethenextday.ButoneWednesday,everythingchanged.Foggreadsomeamazingnewsinhispaper.“Listentothis,”heannounced(宣告)tohisfriends.“Itsaysit’spossibletotravelaroundtheworldinonlyeightydays!”Althoughhisfriendshadalaughoverthat,Foggwassurehecoulddoit.Whenonefriendbet(打賭)thatitcouldn’tbedone,Foggreplied,“IwillbettwentythousandpoundsthatIcangoaroundtheworldineightydaysorless!”EveryonethoughthewascrazybutFogghadmadeuphismind.“IshallbebackonDecember21st,”hesaid.Assoonashearrivedhome,FoggaskedPassepartout,hisbutler(男管家),topackasmallbag.Luckily,Passepartoutmovedveryquickly.Inlessthantenminutes,theywereontheirwaytothestation…andat8:45exactly,thetrainpulledout,FoggandPassepartoutwereoffontheirgreatadventure.Theywereheadingforthecoast,wheretheycouldcatchaboattoFrance.Buttheywerealsoheadingstraightfortrouble.AdaptedfromAroundtheWorldinEightyDays.16.Howdidtheauthorstartthestory?A.Byintroducingthemaincharacter. B.Bysettingagoodexample.C.Bydescribingapeacefulscene. D.Byexpressinghisopinion.17.WhatwasFogg’slifelikeaccordingtoParagraphland2?A.Happyandexciting. B.Quietandboring.C.Boringanddangerous. D.Busyandpeaceful.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?A.Totravelaroundtheworldin80days. B.Tohaveatwenty-thousand-poundbet.C.Totumadeafeartohisfriends’laughter. D.Toreadsomeamazingnewstohisfriends.19.HowlongdidittakePassepartouttopackabag?A.Inhalfanhour. B.Innearlyanhour. C.Withintenminutes. D.Inover10minute.20.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmighthappenaftertheygotontheboat?A.Theymighthaveasafeandpleasanttrip.B.Theymightgetintotroubleduringthetrip.C.Theymightvisittheirfriendnamedtrouble.D.Theymighttakeacarriageforthewholetrip.【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是節(jié)選自長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《80天環(huán)游世界》，主要講述了一個(gè)叫Fogg的有錢人偶然間讀到一則可以在80天內(nèi)環(huán)游世界的新聞后，決定去驗(yàn)證一下是否可以完成并與朋友定下價(jià)值兩萬(wàn)英鎊的賭約?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Overonehundredyearsago,therelivedamannamedPhileasFogg.”可知，作者通過(guò)介紹主角人物來(lái)開(kāi)始這個(gè)故事的。故選A。【17題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Formanyyears,heledaveryquietlife.”以及“doingexactlythesamethenextday.”可知，F(xiàn)ogg的生活是平靜且無(wú)聊的。故選B?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文提到的“Itsaysit’spossibletotravelaroundtheworldinonlyeightydays!”以及“Whenonefriendbet(打賭)thatitcouldn’tbedone,”可知，前文提到了80天環(huán)游世界，因此劃線詞指的是“用八十天就可以環(huán)游世界”。故選A。【19題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Assoonashearrivedhome,FoggaskedPassepartout,hisbutler(男管家),topackasmallbag.Luckily,Passepartoutmovedveryquickly.”以及“Inlessthantenminutes,theywereontheirwaytothestation”可知，打包行李用了不到十分鐘。故選C。【20題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Buttheywerealsoheadingstraightfortrouble.”可知，后文介紹他們可能會(huì)遇到麻煩，選項(xiàng)B“他們可能在旅途中遇到麻煩”符合。故選B。C“Ontheveryfirstdayof2024,IsawthesnowsofKilimanjaro,”saidXuZhuoyuan,a17-year-oldmountaineerfromHunan.Xuclimbedthetallestpeak(山峰)inAfricaonJan1st.SheevenstoodontopofMountQomolangmalastMay,makinghertheyoungestChinesegirltoclimbtotheworld’shighestpeakfromthesouthernslope(南坡).Xu’smountaineeringjourneybeganonafamilytriptoSichuanfouryearsago.PassingbyMountSiguniang,shefeltdrawntoitsbeautyanddecidedtotryscaling(攀登)it.Shefellinlovewithmountaineeringrightthenandthere.Forthenextfewyears,Xudidhardtraining.ShewenttothemountainsinYunnanandSichuaneverymonth,climbingpeaksover5,000metersanddoingdailyphysicalexercises.AllthathardworkgotherreadyforthechallengesshewouldfaceonKilimanjaro.Above4,000metersonMountKilimanjaro,theclimateissimilartoadesert,withbigtemperaturedifferences.Thewholeclimbtooksevendays,duringwhichXufacedunpredictableweathersuchasrainandstrongwinds.Stayingwarmandavoidingheatlosswerethemainchallenges.Xuhadtokeepaneyeonthetemperatureandchangeherclotheswhenthetemperaturechanged.ThisclimbwasalsoalearningexperienceforXu.ShewasclimbingwithXiaBoyu,thefirstChineseclimbertoreachthetopofMountQomolangmawithaprosthetic(假肢的)leg.whowasalmost74yearsold.“EverytimeIfeltlikegivingup,justseeingXiawasenoughtoencourageme.”Xusaid.Lookingahead,Xuhassetgreatgoalsforherself.Sheplanstoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents(大陸)andvisittheNorthandSouthPoles(南極)bythetimeshe’s18.That’sher“7+2program”.21.WhendidXuclimbtotheworld’shighestpeakfromthesouthernslope?A.InJanuary,2024. B.InMay,2023. C.InJanuary,2022. D.InMay,2020.22.WhatencouragedXutostarthermountaineeringjourney?A.Herparents’loveforclimbing. B.Herlovefordifferentexercises.C.AvisittoMountSigunianginSichuan. D.HercuriosityaboutMountQomolangma.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unpredictable”probablymeaninthepassage?A.Changeable. B.Comfortable. C.Acceptable. D.Enjoyable.24.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Howawfultheclimatewasandwhatshedidwithherclothes.B.Howtallthemountainisandhowquicklythetemperat