2024北京平谷區(qū)初三（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京平谷初三（上）期末英語2024.1注意事項1. 本試卷共10頁,包括五道大題，38道小題。滿分60分?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。2. 在答題卡上準確填寫學校名稱、班級和姓名。3. 試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。4. 在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答,其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5. 考試結束，請將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空。（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. Mylittlebrotherlikesscienceand_________dreamistobeascientist.A. his B. her C. your D.their2. TheSpringFestivalusuallycomes_________JanuaryorFebruary.A.at B. in C. on D.to3. —Jack,___you run400metersinaminute?—Yes,Ican.A.should B. must C. need D.can4. IhavelearnedWangXuanwasoneof_________computerscientistsandinventors.A.famous B.morefamousC.mostfamous D.themostfamousdoyougotothelibrary?5. I’dliketogotoyourbirthdayparty,____________I’mtoobusy.A.or B.so C.and D.but6. —___________——Twiceamonth.A.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howmuch D.Howlong7. —Lily,whatareyoudoing?—I__________AnneofGreenGables.A.read B.willread C.amreading D.wasreading8. TheShenzhou-16astronauts____________toEarthsafelyonOctober31,2023.A.return B. returned C.willreturn D.havereturned9. Ifyouarefreetomorrow,we___________PingguMuseum.A. visit B.visited C.willvisit D.arevisiting10. Peter___________inBeijingfortenyears.Heenjoysthelifehere.A. lives B.lived C.willlive D.haslived11. Bodylanguageisveryimportantandit___________everywhere.A. use B.isused C.used D.wasused12. —Lucy,couldyoutellme_____________inthe19thAsianGames?—Ofcourse,383medals.A.howmanymedalsChinawon B.howmanymedalsdidChinawinC.howmanymedalsChinawillwin D.howmanymedalswillChinawin二、完形填空。（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。We’reAllWinnersJamalretiedhisrunningshoesforthethirdtime.Allmonthhe’dbeentalkingabouthisfirst5Kraceandhowhewasgoingto__13__inhisagegroup.Jamalfeltalittlebit__14__thoughhe’dtrainedhardforthisrace.Thereweresomanypeoplebothintheraceandwatching.Whatifhedidn'tcomeinfirstinhisagegroup?Whatifhefell?Awhistleblewandthestartercalledeveryonetothestartingline.JamalfoundhisfriendChristian^handswereshaking.He__15__Christian,“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatplaceyoufinishin.Therunwasforagoodcause.''Theschoolwas__16__moneyforMr.Martinwhohadlosthishouseinahurricane.Christiannodded.JamalstoodonthestartinglineandnoticedMr.Martinnexttohim.“Thanksforgettingsomanyofyourclassmatestocomeouttoday,Jamal,”Mr.Martinsaid.“Nomatterwhatplaceyoucomein,you’reawinnerinmybook.”Jamaltookoff,thinkingofMr.Martini__17__.Afterthefirstmile,JamalglancedbackandsawChristiangrabbinghisside.Hemusthavehadacramp.“We’reallwinners,right?”JamalaskedMr.Martinwhowasstillnexttohim.Mr.MartinlookedbackatChristianandafewotherstudentsfallingbehind.“Everysingleoneofyou.”JamalnoddedandranbacktoChristianandtheothers.uArmsupoveryourheadsandtakelongslowbreaths,”Jamalsaid.Hisfriendslistened.“Good.Nowswingyourarmsagainandfocusonyourbreathing.”Jamalcontinuedto___18___hisfriendsuntilhesawthefinishline.“There’stheend.Comeon,guys.Let’s___19___thistogether.”Theycrossedthefinishlineasa___20___andfoundMr.Martinwaitingforthem.“Whydidyoucomebackforus,Jamal?”'Christianasked,stilloutofbreath.“Youcouldhavewon.”“We’reallwinners.”Jamalsaid,smilingatMr.Martin. 13.A.lose B.win C.run D.fight14.A.excited B.confident C.nervous D.tired15.A.comforted B.blamed C.warned D.encouraged16.A.accepting B.paying C.borrowing D.raising17.A.plans B.words C.look D.advice18.A.cheat B.praise C.coach D.control19.A.cut B.leave C.break D.finish20.A.group B.class C.pair D.family三、閱讀理解。（每題2分，共26分） （一）閱讀下列博物館展廳介紹,請根據(jù)人物喜好和需求匹配最適合的展廳，并將展廳所對應的A、B、C、D選項填在相應的位置上。選項中有一項為多余選項。AAVisittotheNaturalHistoryMuseumADinosaurroomshavethebonesofanimalsthatlivedmanyyearsago.Picturesshowthefoodstheyate.Otherscenesshowideasabouthowthedinosaursdiedoff.Thebigmodelscanmoveandevenmakedinosaurnoises.BManymuseumshaveroomswherebeautifulgems,orstonescanbeseen.Someofthestonesarediamonds（鉆石）.Somestoneshavebeencutintosmallerpiecestomakejewelry.Youcanseehowdifferentstonesgrowinsidetheearth.CSomemuseumshaveroomsthatshowhowNativeChineselivedmanyyearsago.Peoplecanseehowtheycooked,andmadeclothing.Theycanalsoseehowtheymadetoolsandhunted.TherearealsodifferentkindsofNativeChinesehouses.DKingTutwasarulerofthekingdomofEgypt.Histomb（墳墓）wasdiscoveredover90yearsago.Ithadmanywonderfulthingsinside.Today,ashowofKingTut’streasuresmovestomuseumsindifferentcities.21._______Iwanttolearnwhysomehugeanimalsdisappearedintheworld.22._______Iamveryinterestedinhowancientpeoplelived.23._______I’vestudiedtheuseofstonesforyears.I’dliketoknowmore.（二）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。BEventoday,manyyearslater,IcanstillclearlyrememberthatspecialdaywhenItookpartinapianoconcert.ItwasmyfirsttimeplayingtheCanoninD"inpublic.IwasonlyeightyearsoldandIwasnotquiteconfidentaboutmypianoskills.AlthoughIhadbeenpracticingthepieceforalongtimebeforetheconcert,Istillfeltshyandafraidtowalkontothatstage.ThereweretimeswhenIeventhoughtaboutgivingup.Mypianoteachercameovertomeandtriedtohelpme.“Relax,Lisa,”shesaid.“Don’tbesonervous.Youcanplayverywell.Justfeelfreetoshowyourtalenttoeveryone.”“But...Iwillbealoneonthestage,“Isaid.“Somanypeoplewillbelookingatme!”Myteachertoldmetoforgetalltheworriesandjustshowthebestselftoothers.Soon,itwasmyturntoperform.Isawmymotherandsistersittinginthefrontrow.Theyclappedandsmiledatme.Itookafewdeepbreathsbeforestartingtoplay.Atfirst,Istillfeltnervous,butsoonafter,ItriedtofullyfocusonmyperformanceandbecamelostinthewonderfulmusicthatIwascreating.AfterIfinishedmyperformance,Igotabigroundofapplause（掌聲）fromtheaudience.Atthatmoment,Irealizedhowimportantitwastostopworryingandfaceitbravelywhenachallengecame.Thispreciousexperiencehasmadeagreatdifferencetomylife.Sincethen,wheneverImetachallenge,Inevergaveupbuttriedtobringoutthebestinmyself.24. Thewriterfelt_________beforewalkingontothestage.A. shyandnervous B.boredandworriedC. relaxedandconfident D.angryandfrightened25. __________encouragedthewritershowhertalenttoeveryone.A. Hermother B.HersisterC.Herpianoteacher D.Theaudience26. Thewriterlearned“_______”accordingtothisexperience.A. Practicemakesperfect. B.Peoplearenevertoooldtostudy.C.Encouragementispowerful. D.Nevergiveupinthefaceofachallenge.CScientistshaveknownforyearsthatplantsrespond（反應）tosoundsaroundthem.Forexample,flowersmakesweeternectartothesoundofbuzzingbee.ButnowscientistsinIsraelhaveshownthatplantsalsoseemtobedoingsome“talking?”.ProfessorLilachHadanyandherteamatTelUniversityhavefoundthattheplantsmadeultrasonicsounds（超聲波）.Butwhentheresearcherstriedtohearthem,theyheardsharpclickingnoises.Asthescientistsstudiedthesounds,theybegantonoticetheirpatterns.Plantsclickedhardlyatallwhentheyhadenoughwater.Butastheirsoilgotdrier,theyclickedmoreandmore.Whenscientistscutoffastemfromtheplants——asifananimalhadjusttakenabite——theplantsalsoclickedmore.Buttheclickingwasn’tthesameaswhentheplantsneededwater.It’snotclearhowtheplantsmakethesounds.Buttheplantsaresurelymakingnoise,andcreatingmuchmorenoisewhenthey’restressedthanwhenthey’renot.Infact,theresearcherstrainedanArtificialIntelligence（AI）systemtoidentify（識別）thedifferentkindsofclickingsounds.Theresultsuggeststhatresearchersmayonedaybeabletouseaplantssoundstofigureoutwhenitishavingtrouble,andwhattroubleitishaving.Thatcouldbeveryhelpfultofarmers.Thenewdiscoveryraisesmanymorequestions.Oneimportantquestionis:Doplantsmakesoundstocommunicatewitheachother?Anotherresearchhasshownthatplantsdoseemtocommunicateinsomeways.Plantsbeingattackedbyinsectssendchemicalsintotheair.Soon,plantsnearbystarttomakeotherchemicalsthatdon'ttastegoodtoinsects.Anotherbigquestionis:Isanythinglisteningtotheplants?Dr.Hadanypointsouttheclicksmaytelltheanimalswhenaplantisn’thealthy,sotheycanavoidit.Dr.Hadanyandherteamareplanningtoexploretheeffectofthesoundsonotherorganisms,bothanimalsandplants.Theyalsohopetolearnwhatelsemightcausetheplantstomakesounds.Theteam9sresearchhasalreadychangedourideasaboutplants.AsDr.Hadanysays,“Eveninaquietfield,thereareactuallysoundsthatwedon'thear,andthosesoundscarryinformation.”27. WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A. Howtheultrasonicsoundswork.B. Howtheplantsmakethesounds.C. Whythescientistsstudiedthesoundsfromplants.D. Whatthescientistsfoundaboutthesoundsfromplants.28. Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A. Differentplantsclickindifferentpatterns.B. Plantsdon'trespondwhenbeesarebuzzingaround.C. Scientistshaveprovedplantsmakesoundsforcommunication.D. Wecouldtellifaplantisintroubleandmorebyitssoundsoneday.29. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. DifferentPatternsofSoundsB. SoundsbetweenAnimalsandPlantsC. Plants“Talk”—AlthoughSometimesWecan’tHearD. Plants“Talk”—AIcanHelpPeopleRecognizeSoundsDImaginethatyougetanemailthatappearstobefromyourbank.Theemailwarnsthatsomeonebrokeintoyouraccount（賬戶）.Itsaysthatyouneedtosignintochecksomethings.Youclickthelinkintheemail.Youenteryourusernameandpassword.Yousubmittheform.You9vejustbeenphished!PhishingisatypeofattackthathappensovertheInternet.Theattackerscopytrustedcompanies.Theysenduserstowebpagesthatlookliketheonesweuse.Whenusersloginorgiveawaypersonalinformation,theattackersstealthisdata.Attackerswantyourdataformanyreasons.Theymayuseyourdatatocommitidentityfraud（身份欺詐）.Thisiswhentheyuseyouridentitytobuysomethingwithyourcredit.Thentheyreceivethegoodsandyoureceivethebill.Ortheymaywantyourpasswordtotakeoveracomputernetwork.Somephishingattacksarepointed.Apointedphishingattackiscalledaspearphishingattack.Theseattacksaredangerousbecausetheyareconvincing.Theattackermayknowyourname,address,orjobtitle.Theymayhavegatheredinformationfromsocialnetworks,likethenamesofyourfriendsorfamily.Theattackersmayusethispersonalinformationtocraftabelievableemail.Whenyouclickthelinkintheemail,anydatawillgotothehacker.Phishingattacksaredangerous,butyoucanavoidthemifyoupayattention.Onethingtowatchisthewebsiteaddressyou'vevisited.Attackersusedomainsthatlookliketheonesthatwetrust,buttheyarenotthesame.Therefore,whenloggingintoanyaccount,makesuretheaddressmatcheswhatyouexpect.Ifyouareunsure,searchforthesite.Anevenbetterwaytosecureyouraccountagainstphishingattacksistouse2FA:twofactorauthentication（驗證）.2FAmeansyouraccountissecuredwithtwokeys.Thefirstisyourpassword.Thesecondkeyisarandomcode（編碼）thatchangeseveryfewminutes.Thiscodemaybegeneratedbya2FAapp.Oritcanbesenttoyourcellphoneonrequest.Ifyouactivate2FAonyouraccounts,anattackerwillnotbeabletogetinevenwithyourpassword.Phishingattacksarescaryandcommon.Thereasonwhytheyarecommonismanypeopleacceptappearanceswithoutsuspicion.SurfingtheInternetsafelyrequiresahealthyamountofsuspicion.Noteverythingiswhatitappears.Nobodyistryingtogiveyoufreemoney.Don’ttrust；checkon.30. Whichofthefollowingisaphishingattack?A. Stealingsomeone^computer.B. Controllingsomeone^computernetwork.C. Buyingsomethingwithsomeone9scredit.D. Cheatingsomeonetoprovidepersonalinformation.31. Theunderlinedword“suspicion”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“_______”A.trust B.doubt C.discussion D.expectation32. WhichisNOTdiscussedbythewriter?A.Whatis2FAandhowitworks.B. Whyspearphishingisdangerous.C. Thereasonswhypeopledophishingattacks.D. Whichcomputersworkbestforphishingattacks.33. Whatisthewritersmainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A. Todiscusstheharmofphishing.B. Tointroducethetypesofphishing.C. Tohelpreadersprotectthemselvesagainstphishing.D. ToadvisereadersnottousetheInternetanymore.第二部分本部分共5小題，共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應任務。四、閱讀表達。（34-36題每題2分，37題4分，共10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內容回答問題。Youmaysometimesnoticeathleteswithpurplecirclesontheirskinfromcupping.Ormaybeyouknowsomeonewhoswears（極其信賴）acupuncturefortheirbackpain.MoreandmorepeopleusepracticesfromtraditionalChinesemedicinelikethesenotonlytofightdisease,butalsotopreventit.TCMisshortfortraditionalChinesemedicine.Itisanancientsystemofhealthandwellness.It'sbeenusedinChinaforthousandsofyears.Westernmedicinefocusesmainlyontreatingdisease.ButTCMlooksatyourentirewell-being.Westernmedicinetendstoviewthebodyalotlikeacar.Ithasdifferentsystemsthatneedtherightinputsandoutputs.It’sveryspecific（具體的）andlogical.TCMisbasedonbalance,harmony（和諧）,andenergy.TherearetwocentralideasbehindTCM.Oneisqi，theotherisyinandyang.Qiisalsocalledlifeenergyorvitalenergy.Thebeliefisthatitrunsthroughoutyourbody.It’salwaysonthemoveandcontinuallychanges.TCMtreatmentsoftenfocusonwaystopromoteandmaintaintheflowofqi.YinandYangareoppositesthatdescribethequalitiesofqi.Thebeliefisthateverythinginlifehasalittlebitofitsopposite,too,andbalanceisthekey.Forexample,adrugfromyourdoctormightcuredisease.Butit'sdangerousifyoutaketoomuchofit.AccordingtoTCM,theseideasplayoutinourbodies.Whenyoubalancetheyinandyangofqi,youfeelhealthyandwell.Ifthey’reindisorder,youfeelsick.TCMaimstocreateharmonyandahealthyflowofqi.Expertsbelieveit’ssafe,ifyougotosomeonewhoknowswhattheybedoing.Thisisespeciallytrueofacupuncture,taichi,andcupping.Withalittlebackgroundonhowifsused,Ibelieveyoucanmakewiserchoicestoimproveyourhealth.34. WhatisTCM?35. WhatisTCMbasedon?36. WhendoyoufeelhealthyandwellaccordingtoTCM?37. Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,woul