【新課標(biāo)高考英語語法】專題復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)超詳細(xì)講解

高考美語語法專題講解

專題一冠詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞的含義

歷年高考試題對(duì)冠詞的考查涉及到冠詞的位置、不定冠詞、定冠詞、零冠詞及固定搭配中的冠

詞等各個(gè)方面。下面我們以表格的形式對(duì)前四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行總結(jié)，

1.冠詞的位置

考點(diǎn)示例

1such/what/many/rather/quite+a(n)+形容quiteasmallhouse

詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

2how/however/so/too/as/that/this十形容soniceagirl

詞+a(u)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

3both/all/half/twice/double+the+名詞twicethesizeoftheroom

4halfa(n)或ahalf+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Halfanhour/ahalfhour

2.不定冠詞

考占示例

1表示泛指，與any同義Asquarehasfoursides.

2表示數(shù)量“一”，與one同義，但其數(shù)Hewillbebackinaweek.

的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈

3表示“相同的",與thesame同義Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

4表示“每一個(gè)"，與every,each,perIvisitmyfatheronceamonth.

同義

5表示“某一"，與acertain同義AMrSmithiswaitingtoseeyou.

6表示“像...似的“，與onelike同義HeisaLeiFenginourclass.

7用在某些物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一種、，一Wehadaheavyrainlastnight.

陣、

一份、一場(chǎng)''等

8用在某些抽象名詞前，使其具體化Youareagreathelptoyour

mother.

3.定冠詞

考點(diǎn)示例

特指上文提到過的、談話雙方都清楚There1metaforeignerandthe

1的、受定語修飾的人或物foreignerhelpedmealot./Doyou

knowthemanstandingbythewindow?

2用于單數(shù)名詞前，指一類事物Thelionisawildanimal.

3用于樂器名稱前theviolin/thepiano

4用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前thesun/theearth/theworld

5與某些形容詞連用表示一類人therich/theyoung/theaged

6在字?jǐn)?shù)詞和最高級(jí)前thefirstonetocometoschool/the

beststudentinourclass

7在江河湖海、山脈群島、海峽海岸的TheChangjiangRiver/theWestLake

地名中/

theEnglishChannel

8在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前、逢整十?dāng)?shù)play(the)piano/theBrowns/inthe

詞的復(fù)數(shù)前1920s/

9在表示國家的形容詞前，泛指該國的theChinese/theEnglish

人民.

1()用在一些習(xí)慣用語中inthemorning/thedayaftertomorrow

/thedaybeforeyesterday/thenext

year

考點(diǎn)示例

專月名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前China,America,GradeOne,Class

Two

2名詞前已有this,that,my,your,some,Godownthisstreet.

any等

3當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)Wearestudents./1likereadingstories.

4成對(duì)名詞連用時(shí)dayafterday/facetoface

5在球類、棋類、學(xué)科、語言、三餐名playbasketball/playchess/like

詞前physics,speakEnglish/atlunch

6在季節(jié)、月份、某些含Day的節(jié)假日、AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.

星期等名詞前/inMay/NewYear'sDay/On

Sunday

7在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前Atnoon/bybus/bytelephone/in

bed,intime/gotobed/gotocollege

5.英語中含有冠詞的詞組辯析

英語中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實(shí)際上卻是意義完全不同的新詞組。

1.infrontof在..（外）的前面；inthefrontof在.....（內(nèi)）的前面

There'sagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.

There'sablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.

2.inchargeof掌管；負(fù)責(zé)；inthechargeof在..負(fù)責(zé)之下

Anexperiencedworkerisinchargeoftheproject.

Theprojectisinthechargeofanexperiencedworker.

3.attable在用飯；吃飯時(shí)；atthetable在桌旁

Heseldomtalksattable.

Theysatatthetable,talkingandlaughing.

4.byday白天；日間;bytheday按日計(jì)

Heworksinanofficebyday.

Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesgetpaidbytheday.

5.takeplace發(fā)生；舉行；taketheplace代替；接替

Whendidthisconversationtakeplace?

ElectrictrainhasnowtakentheplaceofsteamtrainsinEngland.

6.inwords用言語；inaword總之

Pleaseexpressyourthoughtinwords.

Inaword,Idon'ttrustyou.

7.attimes有時(shí)；不時(shí);atatime一次

Idofeelalittlenervousattimes.

Passmethebrickstwoatatime.

8.little少；不多的；alittle一些；一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)

Hurryup,there'slittletimeleft.

Don'thurry,youstillhavealittletime.

9.few很少；幾乎沒有的；afew有些；幾個(gè)

Heisamanoffewwords.

Onlyafewofthechildrencanread.

lO.amostinteresting非常有趣的；themostinteresting最有趣的（形容詞的最高級(jí)）

Thisisamostinterestingstory.

Thisisthemostinterestingstoryofthethree.

11.adoctorandnurse一位醫(yī)生兼護(hù)士;adoctorandanurse一位醫(yī)生和一位護(hù)士

Adoctorandnurseisstandingthere.

Adoctorandanursearestandingthere.

12.Anumberof許多；好些;thenumberof...（的）數(shù)目

Anumberofstudentsareintheclassroom.

Thenumberofstudentsintheclassroomisforty.

■實(shí)輸通

（一）.用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空，不需要的劃

1.--Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?

---Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn'tMr.Smithhere.

2.1knowyoudon'tlikemusicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkofmusicinthe

filmwesawyesterday?

3.…Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightoverkeyboard.

???Youshouldn'tputdrinksnearcomputer.

4.Ofallreasonsfbrmydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather'sadvicewas

mostimportantone.

5.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiesto

preventspreadofAIDS.

6..Forhimstageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.

7.1thinkitreallyhonorfbrmetospeakhere..

8.ThislabusedtobeinchargeofMr.Wang.

9IknowthereisMr.Smithnextdoor,whohasgoneonbusiness.

10Hedevotesmostofhistimetofootball.AndIamsurehepromisesexcellent

footballer.

11Don'tloseheart.Pleasehavesecondtry.

12Thosewhoarerichshouldhelppoor.

13Whenstealingthethiefwascaughtbyarmbyapoliceman.

14Insomefactoriesworkersgetpaidbypiece.

15Itisabadhabittogotoworkwithoutbreakfast.

16JohnisuniversitystudentfromEuropeancountry.

17Teachersplayactiveandimportantpartinbuildingupstudents'character.

18Zhangsliveonthesecondfloor.

19CottonisgrowninnorthofChina.

20Itisknowntousallthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

21Atowerisseenindistance.

22Incaseoffirepleasepressredbutton.

23Shenzhenhaspopulationofmorethan10million.

24daysIspentwithCatherineinBeijingweresowonderful.

25Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedinleg.

26Helovedwritingandhisfirstnovelwasgreatsuccesswhenitcameout.

27Mybrotherwasborninspringof1990.

28Mr.Smithismostlearnedscholarandyoucanturntohimforhelp.

29Howsweetlyshesings!Ihaveneverheardbettervoice.

30BeijingissecondlargestcityinChina.

31MytriptoTibetwasreallyunforgettableexperience.

32Thiswatchis18,hcenturywatch,whichhasbeenpasseddownfrommygreatgrandpa.

（二）語法填空

在括號(hào)中填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~

Thereoncewasakingwhooffered]prizeto2artistwhowouldpaint3bestpicture

ofpeace.Manyartisttried.Thekinglookedatall4pictures.Buttherewereonlytwohereallyliked,

andhehadtochoosebetweenthem.

Onepicturewasofacalmlake.Thelakewasaperfectmirrorforpeacefulhighmountainsallaroundit.

Overheadwasablueskywithfluffywhiteclouds.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtitwas5perfect

pictureofpeace.

Theotherpicturehadmountains,too.Butthesewereruggedandbare.Abovewas6angrysky,

fromwhichrainfellandinwhichlightningplayed.Down7sideofthemountaintumbled（翻騰）a

foaming（水泡）waterfall.Thisdidnotlookpeacefulatall.

Butwhenthekinglookedclosely,hesawbehind8waterfallatinybushgrowinginacrackinthe

rock.Inthebush9motherbirdhadbuilthernest.There,inthemidstoftherushofangrywater,sat

themotherbirdonhernest-inperfectpeace.

Thekingchose10secondpicture.

答窠：I1a2/;the3the;a4.the;the5the;the6the;a7an8the9a;

/10/;an11a12the13the14the15the16a;a17an18The19the20/;/

21the22the23a24The25the26a27the28a29a30the31an32an

II1a2the3the4.the5a6an7the8the9a10.the

專題二名詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

名詞的高考命題導(dǎo)向

名詞的“可數(shù)”與“不可數(shù)”是高考命題的熱點(diǎn)之一。不可數(shù)名詞前不能與不定冠詞連用，之后不能+s。

有些抽象名詞卻有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但意義與原來的不同。有些可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)有兩個(gè)意思，一個(gè)與單數(shù)意

義相同，另一個(gè)和單數(shù)含義不同，高考中這些含義很可能成為考查的內(nèi)容。詞語的固定搭配及名詞

作定語也是高考命題的注意點(diǎn)。

名詞的分類及常見用法

個(gè)體名詞teacher,student,piano功能

可數(shù)名詞

集體名詞family,committee,people名詞在句

物質(zhì)名詞wood,water,steel中可做主

不可數(shù)名

抽象名詞friendship,progress語、表語、

詞

專有名詞John,Smith,Beijing賓語、賓

一般由名詞右表有生命的東如：Women'sDay,an語補(bǔ)足

上方+'s；以S西或時(shí)間,空間，hour'swalk,students'語、定語、

結(jié)尾的名詞單距離，價(jià)格，重量reading-room,today's同位語或

名詞所有

復(fù)數(shù)只加“小等名詞的所有paper狀語

格

格

介詞of+名無生命的東西如：amapofChina,the

詞的名詞所有格topofthemountain

規(guī)則變化1.一般詞后+sdays,boys,Americans

2.s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾+esbuses,dishes;(stomachs

除外)

3.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，babies,factories

變y為i+es

4.以f或fe結(jié)尾，變leaves,wives;(roofs,proof

可數(shù)名詞f/fe為v+ess,

的復(fù)數(shù)gulfs,beliefs,chiefs,staffs,

safes除外)

5.以。結(jié)尾，有生命heroes,potatoes;pianos,ra

+es,無生命+sdios(hippos,bamboos)除

外

6.數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)+s或inthe1930s/1930's

“飛”

不規(guī)則變1.改變?cè)~中元音字woman-women,

化母goose-geese

man-men,foot-feet,tooth-

teeth

2.形式復(fù)數(shù)，意義news,maths,politics,

單數(shù)economics等

3.單復(fù)同形means,deer,sheep,fish,wo

rks

（工廠）,species,Chinese

等

4.其它c(diǎn)hild-children,

bacterium-

bacteria,crisis-crises,ox-o

xen,phenomenon-pheno

mena等

二名詞其他需要注意的幾點(diǎn)：

1.名詞的數(shù)

1)復(fù)合名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則

有主體名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式(lookers-on,passers-by等)和無主體名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式(grown-ups,

go-betweens等)。

2)集體名詞的數(shù)

①有些集體名詞只能用作復(fù)數(shù)。如：cattle,police,people等。

注意：people意為“民族；種族”時(shí)有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。

②有些集體名詞只能用作單數(shù)。如：machinery,furniture,jewellery,mankind等。

③有些集體名詞作為整體看待時(shí)，用作單數(shù)；指其中各個(gè)成員時(shí)，用作復(fù)數(shù)。如：class

family,couple,audience,government,public等。

ThewholefamilyarewatchingTVnow.全家人現(xiàn)在都在看電視。

Hisfamilyisabigone.他家是個(gè)大家族。

3)只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞

由兩部分構(gòu)成的名詞:glasses,trousers,shorts,scissors,gloves,scales,compasses等。

4)the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)，表全家人:theBlacks,theWangs

5)具有雙重特性的名詞

(1)意義不同的可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞

aroom房間一room空間achicken雞一chicken雞肉

anexperience經(jīng)歷一experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)anagreement協(xié)議一agreement同意

(2)單、復(fù)數(shù)意思不同的名詞

arm手臂一arms武器brain腦一brains智力custom風(fēng)俗―customs海關(guān)

force力量一forces軍隊(duì)regard注意,關(guān)心一regards問候time時(shí)間一times時(shí)代

work工作一works作品，工廠manner態(tài)度一manners禮貌spirit精神一spirits心情，情緒

content內(nèi)容一contents目錄loss損失一losses損失物condition狀況一conditions條件

expression表達(dá)一expressions短語feeling感覺一feelings感情wood木頭一woods樹林

詞的

1)表示兩者或兩者以上共同所有，在最后一個(gè)詞的后面加以表示各自擁有時(shí)，每個(gè)名詞后都要+s”。

如LiandMa，sroom李和馬共有的房間;LTsandMa，srooms李和馬各自的房間

2)表某人家或店鋪，診所。如：Li's李家，thedoctor's診所；由ebarber's理發(fā)店

3)所有格除了用于有生命的物體外，也可以用于表示國家、城市等的名詞。如：

China'sprosperity中國的繁榮thecountry'splan國家計(jì)劃

4)of所有格也可用于有生命的物體，用于名詞較長或名詞的定語較長時(shí)。

如：astoryofafamousdoctor一個(gè)名醫(yī)的故事

thesonofthemanyouiusttalkedto剛剛和你說話的那個(gè)男人的兒子

5)雙重所有格

“of+名詞的《所有格或名詞性物主代詞''稱為雙重所有格。of后的賓

語必須是人，而且是特指。如：

anoldfriendofmyuncle's我叔叔的一個(gè)老朋友

aplayofShakespeare's莎士比亞的一部戲劇

somehousesofmygrandfather's我爺爺?shù)囊恍┓孔?/p>

3.名詞作定語

1)一般用單數(shù)形式。如：countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂shoeshops鞋店trafficlights交通燈

注意：sports,customs,arms,clothes,sales,goods作定語時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：

sportsmeeting運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)customsofficiers海關(guān)官員armsproduction武器生產(chǎn)

2)man和woman作定語時(shí)，與中心亙一起變。如:

mendoctors男醫(yī)生womenteachers女老師

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或所給詞的正確形式填空：

1.Therearefifty-six(people)inChina.

2.Weneedmuch(room)forallthefurniture.

3.Thiskindofdresswaspopularinthe(1980)

4.(girl)studentsand(woman)teachersareinthemajorityinour

school.

5.Thereusedtobealotofmilu(deer)inChina.

6.Theseareart(work)oftheTangDynasty.

7.(child)shoesareonthesecondfloorofthisstoredepartment.

8.Wecanseemany(editor-in-chief)presentattheconference.

9.1hadmyhaircutshortatthe(barber)nearbyyesterday.

10.Onthewhole,hewasa(fail)inhislife.

11.Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsandaofexercise.

12.Nowmoreandmorepeopleprefertohaveaathome-alittledog,acatorsomeother

animals.

13.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyownofliving.

14.Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelptheoftheearthquake.

15.Weallknowthatspeaklouderthanwords.

答窠：1.peoples2.room3.1980s/1980's4.Girl,women5.deer6works7.Children's8.

editors-in-chief9.barber's10.failure11.lack12.pet13.way14.victims15.actions

二語法填空

CharlesPinkwasayoung1(Canada)whohadagoodhouseandheknewhowtoenjoyhimself.

EverySaturday,hewenttothetheatreand2(party).Hiscarwasoneofthebestinhiscity.Hehadlots

ofmoneyandonedaybought3plane.Helearnedtoflyandflyingbecameoneofhismain_4

(enjoy).

Onedayaboutthirty5(yearly)ago,hesetoffinhissmallplaneonatripacross_6

(Mexican).Atfirsteverythingwentwell,butwhenhewasoverthepartofthecountry7engineofthe

littlemachinefailed.

Fortunately,Pinkwasflyingatagood8(high)whenthebadthinghappened,andhehadtimeto

findaplacetoland.Belowhimhecouldseeanumberof9(field)whichlookedniceenoughtoland

on,andhemanagedtobringhismachinedownononeof1().

答案：1.Canadian2.parties3.a4.enjoyments5.years6.Mexico7.the8.height9.fields

10.them

三、完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并

在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

DosomeFL(ForeignLanguage)readingeverydayandtrytofinishoneFLbookatleasteveryweek.

Youarenodoubt21withlittlesparetime,andthismaysoundunrealistic.Butifyoureadinthe22

described,itisperfectlypossible.Thekeyistobehonestwithyourselfabout23youreallyenjoy:

thrillers,women'smagazines,newspapers-itreallydoesn'tmatterwhatyoureadas24asitgenuinely

interestsyou,becausethatistheonlycertainwaytomakeyourselfread.Itis25toreachgoodspeeds

bypractisingonmaterialthatisdifficultordull.Ifyoupursuethisprogramforonlyfewmonths,youshould

achieveaverymarkedincreaseinyourreading26.WhatyoudowithyourFLreadingskillwhenyou

havedevelopeditistostudyforafurtherqualification.The27isthatinordertodevelopthe28,

agreatdealofpracticeoneasyinterestingmaterialsisessential.Ifyoucan29thistoyourselfby

developingyourownreadingskillbythismethod,yourteachingwillcarrythecertaintythatcomesonly

from30.

21.A.boredB.helplessC.freeD.busy

22.A.keyB.problemC.wayD.job

23.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.what

24.A.muchB.goodC.longD.well

25.A.impossibleB.possibleC.necessaryD.easy

26.A.efficiencyB.effectsC.methodD.capacity

27.A.questionB.pointC.ideaD.problem

28.A.habitB.ideaC.skillD.task

29.A.realizeB.tellC.improveD.prove

30.A.workB.experienceC.theoryD.doing

21-30DCDCAABCDB

專題三代詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其意義、

特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)

系代詞和不定代詞八種。

代詞類別例詞功能

人稱主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they只做主語

代詞賓格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them做及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語

形容詞my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their只做定語

物主性

代詞mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,做主語、賓語、表語

名詞性

theirs

myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,做賓語、同位語、表語

反身代詞

ourselves,yourselves,themselves

指示代詞this,that,these,those做主語、賓語、定語、表語

相互代詞eachother,oneanother做賓語

疑問代詞who,whom,what,which,whose,etc.引出疑問句

關(guān)系代詞that,who,whom,whose,etc.連接定語從句

some,any,no,either,neither,all,none,視情況而定，一般的可做定語、

不定代詞

each,somebody,noone,everybody,etc.主語、賓語等

下面舉例說明，其中疑問代詞見“句子種類”，關(guān)系代詞見“定語從句

人稱代詞的用法

1作主語，用主格。作賓語用賓格。SheteachesusEnglish.

2在句中作表語，常用賓格。Whoisit?Ifsme.但有時(shí)用主格。

IfIwereshe,Iwould'tgothere.

ItwasIwhotoldhimaboutit.

二物主代詞的用法

1.形容詞性物主代詞——只作定語：

Thisisourclassroom.Hisfatherisanengineer.

2.名詞性物主代詞

所作成分例句

1作主語Thisishercoat.Mineisoverthere.

2賓語Somethinghasgonewrongwithmybike.MayIuseyours?

3表語Thisbookisn'tmine;it'sTom's.

說明：

①英語中必須有形容詞性物主代詞，而漢語中往往省略不譯。如:

Jacktookoffhiscoatandwenttobed.

杰克脫掉外套就上床睡覺了。

②“of+名詞性物主代詞”可用作定語。如：

Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.

我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。

三反身代詞

所作成分例句

1動(dòng)賓TomtaughthimselfChinese.

賓語

介賓Shelovesmeformyself,notformymoney.

2表語Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.（beoneself:身心自在）

3同位語Imyselfcanrepairthebike.Thetableitselfhasonlythreelegs.

四指示代詞的用法

1.時(shí)空的差別e.g.Thereisthisseathere,nearme,orthereisthatoneinthefourthrow.Whichwillyou

have,thisorthat?

2.This和that在行文敘述上的差別。E.g.

Ishallsay(histoyou:heisapoorman.

Hewasill.That'swhyhedidn'tcome.

3.that和those用于表比較的結(jié)構(gòu)。

TheweatherofZhanjiangisbetterthanthatofmyhometown.

TVsetsmadeinNanjingarebetterthanthosemadehere.

4.打電話時(shí)Ihis表示我,thal表示你.

五不定代詞的用法

可數(shù)one,each,many,both,another,either,neither,(a)few

不可數(shù)much,(a)little

可數(shù)不可數(shù)none,any,other,alLsome

anyone,anybody,anything;someone,somebody,something;everyone,everybody,

復(fù)合不定代詞

everything;nobody,nothing

1.none,noone,nothing的用法區(qū)別

1)none既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用來回答howmany/much引導(dǎo)的疑問句；no

one只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用來回答who引導(dǎo)的疑問句；nothing"什么也沒有“，否定一

切，常用來回答what引導(dǎo)的疑問句。如：

—Howmanypeoplearethereintheroomnow?

—None.

一Whoisintheroom?

一Noone/nobody

2)none后面可力口of弓I導(dǎo)的介詞短語，而something/anything/everything/nothing;someone/anyone/

everyone/noone卻不能。

2.each和every

1)each強(qiáng)調(diào)“個(gè)體”，起代詞和形容詞作用；every強(qiáng)調(diào)“全體”，只能作定語。Each作同位語時(shí)，不

影響謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)，不可用noteach來表示部分否定，而notevery表示部分否定。如：

Theticketseachcosttendollars.

這些票每張十美元。(each作同位語，不能用costs)

2)every還可表示“每..的；每....中的“，如下列說法中只能用every。

everyyearortwo每一兩年

everynowandthen時(shí)常

everyotherday每隔一天

Chooseoneoutofeverytenboys.每十個(gè)男孩中選一個(gè)。

onecartoevery20people每20人乘一輛車

3.another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法一覽表

不定代詞意義用法說明

任何一

指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)，用作代詞或形容詞。如：

another個(gè)，另一

Idon'tlikethiscoat.Showmeanother,please.

個(gè)

只作定語，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用；但如果前面有the,this,that

other另外的some,any,each,every,no.one及my,your,his等時(shí)，則可與單數(shù)名詞連

用。力1：anyotherplant,everyotherday0

兩者中的常與one連用，構(gòu)成：one...theother...一個(gè)...另一個(gè)....；作定語

theother

另一個(gè)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“全部其余的“

泛指別的是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定語，構(gòu)

others

人或物成some...others...

特指其余

theothers是theother的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指其余的人或物。

的人或物

4.Both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法

都任何都不

兩者botheitherneither

兩者（以上）allanynone

如：

1)IhadtobuyallthesebooksbecauseIdidn'tknowwhichonewasthebest.

2)Itiseasytodotherepair.Allyouneedisahammerandsomenails.

3)IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,butneitherofthemcame.

4)一Whichofthethreewaysshalltaketothevillage?

一Anywayasyouplease.

5)Wehadthreesetsofthegardentoolsandweseemedtohavenouseforany.

5.one,ones,theone,theones,that,those

one用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，是泛指概念相當(dāng)于a/an+單數(shù)名詞；ones用來替代前面出現(xiàn)

的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)可用ihai代替（尤其在有后置定語的情況下）。Theones用來代替前面的特指的復(fù)

數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)可用those代替（尤其在有后置定語的情況下）。that用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的特指的單數(shù)

可數(shù)名詞或特指的不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于the+單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,one（=apresent）thatIhaveneverseen.

Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents,ones（=manypresents）thatIhaveneverseen.

Thebookonthedeskisbetterthanthat/theoneunderthedesk.

Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.

6,it的用法

用法說明例句

1用作人稱代詞，指代前面提到的事Thisisnotmybook.ItisMary's.

物

2用來代替指示代詞this或that①一What'sthis?—Itisadictionary.

②一Whosejacketisthat?—Itishers.

3指人①一Whoisknockingatthedoor?—It'sme.

②Thebabynomorecriedassoonasitsawitsmother.

4指時(shí)間、距離、天氣、環(huán)境等①一What'sthetimenow?一It'stenpasteight.

②It'sgettingcolderandcoldernow.

③It'sabouttenminutes,walkfrommyhometothe

school.

④Ilwasveryquietatthemoment.

5指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容Ourteamwonthefootballmatch.Haveyouheardabout

it?

6表示“喜歡、恨''等心理方面的動(dòng)①Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemeahand.

詞，后面跟上it然后再跟從句，其②Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

從句作it的同位語③Ilikeitinautumnwhentheweatherisclearadbright.

7（未指明但談話雙方心里都明白@Howisit(=youlife,work)going?

的）那件事、那種情況②一Doyoulikeithere?

一Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.

Everythingissonice.

8it還可用作形式主語、形式賓語以①It'simpossibletogetthereintime.

代替主語從句、賓語從句。②Ifinditstrangethatshedoesn'twanttogo.

IK實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空.使其意思和結(jié)構(gòu)完整：

1.Wecouldn'teatinarestaurantbecauseofushadmoneyonus.

2.1hopethereareenoughglassesfbreachguesttohave

3.Althoughheiswealthy,hespendsonclothes.

4.—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?

—Fmafraiddayispossible.

5.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou'llhavetopay15dollars.

6.—ShallIsitatthisendoftheboatortheotherend?

—Ifyoukeepstill,youcansitatend.

7.Theseplantsarewatered（每兩天）.

8.Ifwehadfollowedhisplan,wecouldhavedonethejobbetterwithmoneyand

people.

9.Therearealotoftreesonsideofthesquare.

10.Youv/illnotseetheanimalsinwinte匚

二、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或副詞填空，使其意思和結(jié)構(gòu)完整：

1.Theweatherwasverysunnythefollowingday,waswhatwehadexpected.

2.1havefinishedreadingallthebookswereborrowedfromtheschoollibrary.

3.IsthisthesecondtimeyouhavebeentoGuangzhou?

4.isreportedinthenewspaper,thewarbetweenthetwocountrieshascometoastop.

5.Canyouthinkofanotherexamplethisphrasecanbeused?

6.Thetrainonheistravelingislate.

7.DoyoustillrememberthehappydayswespenttogetherinBeijing?

8.1haveboughtthesameskirtsheiswearing.

9.Isthisthereasonh