05 數(shù)詞、主謂語(yǔ)一致-2023年中考英語(yǔ)高考頻易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解題秘笈（原卷版）

05數(shù)詞、主謂語(yǔ)一致-2023年中考英語(yǔ)高考頻易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解題秘笈中考高考頻易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million等表示確指和概指時(shí)的用法、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別、the/sb.’s+序數(shù)詞+birthday結(jié)構(gòu)、the/sb.’s+序數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)表編號(hào)、“不定冠詞＋序數(shù)詞“表示“又一，再一”、序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞等限定詞時(shí)不用冠詞、基數(shù)詞表達(dá)年齡?！盎鶖?shù)詞-year-old”結(jié)構(gòu)、insb’s+整十?dāng)?shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式表大概年齡、the/sb.’s+序數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)表編號(hào)、“基數(shù)詞-單位詞單數(shù)（-形容詞）”表計(jì)量、分?jǐn)?shù)主謂語(yǔ)一致anumberof,thenumberof修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、主語(yǔ)后有togetherwith等時(shí)的主謂一致、分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、therebe句型中的主謂一致、集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致anumberof,thenumberof修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致、主語(yǔ)后有togetherwith等時(shí)的主謂一致、therebe句型中的主謂一致高考頻易錯(cuò)題典例考點(diǎn)1數(shù)詞1.Tony'smumlooksyoungandbeautiful.It'shardtoimaginesheisalreadyinher.A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethsD.fiftieth錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選B.忽視表達(dá)“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”應(yīng)用基數(shù)詞且用復(fù)數(shù)形式。正確解答：A句意為：“托尼的媽媽看上去既年輕又漂亮。很難想象她已經(jīng)五十多歲了。”當(dāng)表達(dá)“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”應(yīng)用“inone's+整十基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)”。2.Basketballissoexcitingthatpeopleplayitforfun.A.millionB.twomillionsC.millionofD.millionsof錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選B、C.分不清million表示確切數(shù)目和大約數(shù)目的用法。正確解答：Dmillion不單獨(dú)使用，當(dāng)其前有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，million用單數(shù)，排除A、B;不表示具體數(shù)字而表示大約數(shù)目時(shí)，要用millionsof,意為“大量，數(shù)百萬(wàn)的”?？键c(diǎn)2主謂語(yǔ)一致1.Thenumberofthevolunteers100now.Andasmallnumberofthemalreadygonetotheworkplace.A.is;haveB.are;haveC.is;areD.is;has錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選B.分不清anumberof和thenumberof的區(qū)別。正確解答：A“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”意為“······的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；“anumberof...”意為“許多······”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除B、D;又由第二空后的alreadygone可知，第二空應(yīng)用have,構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選A.2.-Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?－ItogetherwithmyclassmatesgoingtoclimbMountQian.A.isB.amC.areD.were錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選C.不清楚togetherwith等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其前的主語(yǔ)保持一致，誤認(rèn)為主語(yǔ)為I和myclassmates.正確解答：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，答語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；又因謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)由togetherwith前的I決定，故am符合題意。高考頻易錯(cuò)題解題秘笈一、數(shù)詞相關(guān)題型解題秘笈1.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量，序數(shù)詞表示順序。序數(shù)詞由基數(shù)詞變化而成，具體構(gòu)成如下：構(gòu)成例句第一、第二、第三需特殊記憶。first第一second第二third第三4-19的序數(shù)詞是由其相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面加－th構(gòu)成。eleven→eleventh第十一thirteen→thirteenth第十三有4個(gè)詞拼寫不規(guī)則：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.整十的序數(shù)詞由其對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞變?cè)~尾字母y為ie,再加－th構(gòu)成。（注意：ten的序數(shù)詞為tenth.)twenty→twentieth第二十fifty→fiftieth第五十forty→fortieth第四十表示“第幾十幾”時(shí)，只將個(gè)位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，十位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞。thirty-one→thirty-first第三十一fifty-six→fifty-sixth第五十六2.數(shù)詞的用法內(nèi)容用法例子分?jǐn)?shù)表示法分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于1時(shí)，作分母的序數(shù)詞需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。單詞之間可有連字符，也可以沒(méi)有。如果是帶分?jǐn)?shù)，用and連接整數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)即可。1/3:one-third年齡表示法用“in+one's+整十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”。表示一個(gè)人具體的歲數(shù)時(shí)，可用“attheageof+基數(shù)詞”表示。Mygrandmotherisnowinhereighties.我奶奶現(xiàn)在80多歲了。編號(hào)表示法①用基數(shù)詞編號(hào)時(shí)，用“名詞＋基數(shù)詞”表示。②用序數(shù)詞編號(hào)時(shí)，用“the+序數(shù)詞＋名詞”表示。502房間：Room502第七頁(yè)：theseventhpage3.確切數(shù)目和大約數(shù)目的表示法類別表達(dá)法例子確切數(shù)目當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million等前面有具體數(shù)字或有many,several,few等修飾時(shí)，用其單數(shù)形式，不與of連用。此時(shí)表達(dá)確切數(shù)目。Imakeninehundreddollarsaweek.我一周掙900美元。約略數(shù)目當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million等與of連用時(shí)，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，其前不能加其他表示數(shù)量的詞語(yǔ)。此時(shí)表達(dá)大約的數(shù)字概念。TherearethousandsofthingsIwanttodo.我有很多事情想做。二、主謂語(yǔ)一致相關(guān)題型解題秘笈1.語(yǔ)法一致原則具體用法例句單數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，以及and或“both...and...”連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Myfriendgoestoschoolbybuseveryday.我的朋友每天坐公交車上學(xué)。TomatoesandpotatoesarewhatI'mgoingtobuy.西紅柿和土豆是我要買的東西。every,each,either,neither,oneof,noone及everyone,somebody,nothing等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Nothingeverhappensinthistown.這鎮(zhèn)上從來(lái)都不會(huì)發(fā)生什么（特別的）事。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由aswellas,alongwith,togetherwith,but,except,besides等詞連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式通常由其前面的名詞來(lái)決定。MymotheraswellasherworkmateshasbeentoBeijing.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由Mymother決定我母親和她的同事曾去過(guò)北京。“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“．．．．．·的數(shù)目”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；“anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“許多······”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thenumberofthegirlstudentsisovertwenty.女生的數(shù)量是20多個(gè)。Anumberofhousesweredestroyedintheearthquake.地震中許多房子被毀。動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞形式及從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Tosaysomethingisusuallyeasierthantodosomething.說(shuō)往往比做容易。2.意義一致原則用法例句集體名詞class,family,government,group,team等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果表示整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果側(cè)重集體中的個(gè)體成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Mr.Smith'sfamilyisabigone.史密斯先生家是一個(gè)大家庭.表示family這一整體概念Mr.Smith'sfamilyarewatchingTV.史密斯一家人正在看電視。表示家庭成員表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、度量等的詞語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Sixtykilosisn'theavyforhim.60千克對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)不算重。分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與它們所指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。Fourfifthsofthejuiceisorange.Itisverypure.五分之四的果汁是橙汁。非常純。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與分?jǐn)?shù)所指代的thejuice一致some,all,lotsof,half,therestof,most等后面接名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與該名詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。Allthemilkhasgonebad.牛奶全都變質(zhì)了。3.就近原則用法例句在therebe句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與最鄰近be的主語(yǔ)保持一致。Thereisatableandtwochairsintheroom.房間里有一張桌子和兩把椅子。Therearetwochairsandatableintheroom.房間里有兩把椅子和一張桌子。or,"either...or...""neither...nor...”“notonly...butalso...”等連接兩并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最鄰近的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。Eitheryouoryoursisterhastogothererightnow.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由最鄰近的主語(yǔ)yoursister決定要么你要么你妹妹需要立刻去那里。高考頻易錯(cuò)題真題專練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2022·山東東營(yíng)·中考真題）Dentist:Madam,twenty-fivedollarsforpullingyourson’stooth,please.Madam:Twenty-fivedollars!Butyoutoldmefivedollarseachpatient.Dentist:Yes.Butyoursoncriedsoloud.Hescaredaway(嚇跑)________otherpatients.A．four B．five C．twenty D．twenty-five2．（2022·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·中考真題）—ItisMom’s__________birthdaynextWednesday.Whatshouldwedo?—Whataboutbuyingher__________flowerstoshowourlove?A．forty;forty B．forty;fortieth C．fortieth;forty D．fortieth;fortieth3．（2021·貴州銅仁·中考真題）Thereare________floorsinthisbuilding.Helivesonthe________floor.A．thirty;nine B．thirtieth;nine C．thirtieth;ninth D．thirty;ninth4．（2022·甘肅甘肅·中考真題）Iwaitedaquarterofanhourandwenthome.A．10minutes B．15minutes C．30minutes D．45minutes5．（2020·湖北宜昌·中考真題）—Whatdoyouusuallydoafterdinner?—IusuallywatchnewsonTVforhalf____________hourtoknowaboutwhat’shappening.A．/ B．the C．a(chǎn) D．a(chǎn)n6．（2022·遼寧·營(yíng)口市老邊區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—Whatshouldwedonow,MrClark?—PleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.A．Twelfth;fifth B．Twelve;fifth C．Twelve;five D．Twelfth;five7．（2021·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）—Weshouldtrytodevote（獻(xiàn)身于）ourselvestoourcountrylikeYuanLongping.—Ithinkso.Hestillworkedontheresearchintoagriculture（農(nóng)業(yè)）attheageof________.A．eighties B．eightieth C．eighty D．eighty-year-old8．（2021·四川達(dá)州·中考真題）Mymotherwillbe________yearsoldnextweek.I’mplanningtobuyagiftforher________birthday.A．fourty;fourtieth B．forty;fortieth C．fourty;fortieth D．forty;fourtieth9．（2022·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）—Didyouwatchthesecond“Tiangonglecture”(天宮課堂)onMarch23,2022?—Yes,abouttwo________studentsinourschoolwatchedit.A．thousand B．thousandsof C．million D．millionsof10．（2021·廣西玉林·中考真題）—Susan,howmanywomenteachersarethereinyourschool?—Inourschool,_______oftheteachers_______womenteachers.A．thirdfourth;are B．thirdfourth;is C．threefourths;is D．threefourths;are11．（2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—IhavebeentoMountFanjingthreetimes.Whataboutyou?—Ihavebeentherethreetimes,too.AndIwouldliketovisitita______time.A．three B．third C．four D．fourth12．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）—It’s________birthdayofCCYL(中國(guó)共青團(tuán))thisyear,isn’tit?—Yes,itis.Wehadapartyforit.A．100 B．100s C．100’s D．the100th13．（2021·湖南郴州·中考真題）OurPartywasfoundedin1921.We’llcelebrateher________birthdayonJuly1stthisyear.A．onehundred B．onehundredth C．theonehundredth14．（2022·西藏·中考真題）The________dayofOctoberisNationalDay.A．one B．two C．first D．second15．（2022·湖北黃石·中考真題）There________avolleyballgamenextSaturday.Ifit________we’llhavetoputitoff.A．isgoingtobe;rains B．isgoingtobe;willrainC．isgoingtohave;willrain D．isgoingtohave;rains16．（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）—Howdoyoulikethetwohats?—_______theblueone_______theredoneismyfavorite.Theyaretoougly.A．Both;and B．Either;or C．Notonly;butalso D．Neither;nor17．（2022·湖南邵陽(yáng)·中考真題）—Apandemic(疫情)brokeoutinShaoyanglastmonth.—Yeah.________weresomanydoctorsandnursescomingtohelpus.A．They B．There C．Those18．（2022·廣西柳州·中考真題）Herearesome________foryoutoread.A．milk B．tea C．books19．（2020·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）—Icalledyoulastnightbutnooneansweredthephone.—Iwithmyparents__________aTVprogrammeaboutcelebratingthe20thanniversaryofMacao’sreturntoChina.A．waswatching B．watchedC．havewatched D．werewatching20．（2021·黑龍江大慶·中考真題）Look!Juliaaswellashersisters________akiteontheplayground.A．fly B．flies C．isflying D．a(chǎn)reflying21．（2021·遼寧營(yíng)口·中考真題）Onethousandkilometers________quitealongwaytotheancients,butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.A．was B．had C．were D．have22．（2020·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）Myfamily__________fordinnernow.We’rebusy.A．ispreparing B．a(chǎn)repreparing C．prepares23．（2021·貴州黔西·中考真題）AnumberofwildelephantsaremovingtowardsthenorthinYunnanProvince.A．Few B．Several C．Little D．Much24．（2020·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Thispairoftrousers________smoothbecausetheyaremadeofChinesesilk.A．feels B．feel C．isfelt D．a(chǎn)refelt25．（2021·江蘇淮安·中考真題）BothSandyandMillie________interestedincooking.Theyoftenlearntocookatweekends.A．a(chǎn)m B．is C．a(chǎn)re D．be26．（2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—Usingpublicchopsticks______necessarywheneatingwithothers.—That’sright.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were27．（2022·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）Withtheintroductionofthe“doublereduction”policy(雙減政策),oneofthe________________thatthestudentshavelesshomework.A．changes;is B．change;is C．changes;are28．（2022·天津·中考真題）Alotofbirds________innatureparkseveryyear.A．protect B．isprotected C．a(chǎn)reprotected D．protected二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1．（2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題）TheThreeGorgesDamproduceselectricityfor_________（million）ofpeopleinChina.2．（2022·江蘇南京·中考真題）TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe______(nineteen)century.3．（2022·黑龍江·中考真題）ZhaiZhigang,togetherwithWangYaping