2021貴陽(yáng)市高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空、短文改錯(cuò)、閱讀類(lèi)訓(xùn)練(5)及答案

2021貴陽(yáng)市高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空、短文改錯(cuò)、閱讀類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（5）及答案閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卷標(biāo)號(hào)為16～25的相應(yīng)位置上。OrvilleandWilburWrightwerethetwoAmericanbrothersthatinventedthefirstairplane.Theystartedoutasbicyclerepairmen.Soon,theybecameinterestedindifferenttypesofmachinesandbegantolearn16themachinesworked.Theyobservedbirdsflying17(get)ideas,aswellasreadaboutotherinventors'attemptstomakeaircraft.In1900,thebrotherscompletedtheirfirstdesignofakiteglider(滑翔機(jī))andtested18inNorthCarolina.Theytestedkiteglidersbothwithandwithout19pilot.Finally,in1903,thefirstengine-poweredWrightFlyer20(invent).The"WrightFlyerI"hadagasengineandwoodenpropellers(螺旋槳).Afterthey21(continue)improvedituponearlierdesigns,thebrotherssuccessfullyreceivedapatent(專(zhuān)利)in190622theirFlyingMachine.Modernairplanestodayareverydifferent23thefirstFlyingMachine.Theyflyfaster,aremuchlarger,andhavetelevisionsetsbuiltinforpassengers'24(enjoy).Someplaneshaveseats25lieflattobecomebedsandontheverynewestplanes,passengerscanevenusetheInternet!【參考答案】16、how17、toget18、it19、a20、wasinvented21、continuously22、for23、from24、enjoyment25、that/which【2021廣東省廣州市調(diào)研測(cè)試】完形填空(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Rebuildingabrokenfriendshipcanbedifficult.The1maynotbeeasytogetover,butyoushouldtry.Bethefirsttotalktoyourfriend.Ifitwasn’tyourfault,thenitshouldbeeasyto2yourfriend.Tellherthatherfriendshipismore3toyouthananysillymisunderstanding.Begenerous,andshewillacceptyourapology.Neverreturntothispainful4unlessshebringsitup.Ifthefaultwasyours,tellhersoand5thatyoushouldneverhavesaidwhatyousaidordonewhatyoudid.Don’tsendheranemailor6her.Youhavetobebraveandapologizetoherinperson.Ifyou’relucky,shemight7itatonce;otherwise,youwillhavetogiveher8torecover.Getyoursharedfriendstohelpifyourfirstattempthasbeen9.Butdon’tgiveup.Provetoyourfriendthatshe’sworthfightingforandthatyou’re10toshowhowsorryyouarebybeingmatureand11untilshe’sreadytoforgiveyou.Afriendshipcanbebrokeninaminutedueto12talkorjealousy.Atruefriendshiphoweverisworthmendingbuttakeit13,stepbystep.Talktoheraboutthegoodtimesyouhadandthebadtimeswhenyouhelpedeachother.Tellherhow14itwouldbeforyoutolosesomeoneyouvalueandrespectsomuch.Showherthatyourbrokenfriendshipmustbemendedbecauseyoucannot15tokeepitbrokenforever.1. A.friendship B.feeling C.hurt D.talk【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。friendship友情；feeling感覺(jué)；hurt苦痛；talk談話。依據(jù)Rebuildingabrokenfriendshipcanbedifficult.可知既然是破壞的友情就會(huì)帶來(lái)苦痛或傷痛。這種傷痛不簡(jiǎn)潔克服，故選C。2. A.forgive B.encourage C.ignore D.blame【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。forgive原諒；encourage鼓舞；ignore忽視；blame責(zé)怪。依據(jù)shewillacceptyourapology，假如不是你的錯(cuò)，你就很簡(jiǎn)潔的原諒你的伴侶。故選A。3. A.dependable B.valuable C.acceptable D.considerable【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。dependable牢靠的；valuable有價(jià)值的；acceptable可接受的；considerable值得考慮的。告知她她的友情是更有益的比那些愚蠢的理解，故選B。4. A.conversation B.friendship C.idea D.topic【答案】D【解析】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。conversation交談；friendship友情；idea想法；topic話題。不要回到那種苦痛的話題除非她自己提出，故選D。5. A.analyze B.explain C.demonstrate D.conclude【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。analyze分析；explain解釋?zhuān)籨emonstrate證明；conclude推斷。假如錯(cuò)誤是你的，你就告知她是這樣的并且解釋你不應(yīng)當(dāng)說(shuō)你曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的話或曾經(jīng)做過(guò)事情，故選B。6. A.call B.meet C.avoid D.join【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。call打電話；meet遇見(jiàn)；avoid避開(kāi)；join加入。依據(jù)下文可知apologizetoherinperson，要親自賠禮。不要給她發(fā)郵件或者打電話。，故選A。7. A.confirm B.welcome C.face D.accept【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。confirm確定；welcome歡迎；face面對(duì)；accept接受。依據(jù)you’relucky，可知假如是幸運(yùn)的，她可能馬上接受你的賠禮，故選D。8. A.courage B.time C.reason D.strength【答案】B【解析】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。courage士氣；time時(shí)間；reason緣由；strength力氣。依據(jù)otherwise，表示另一種相反的狀況毀滅。否則，你就必需給她時(shí)間漸漸地去恢復(fù)，故選B。9. A.offensive B.surprising C.unsuccessful D.unacceptable【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。offensive攻擊的，冒犯的；surprising驚異的；unsuccessful不成功的；unacceptable不能接受的。依據(jù)上文可知假如你沒(méi)有成功，你就可以讓的伴侶去幫忙，故選C。10. A.willing B.delighted C.scared D.upset【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。willing樂(lè)意的；delighted興奮的； scared可怕的；upset心煩的。你要證明你是情愿通過(guò)你的懇切和急躁表示你的歉意，直到她樂(lè)意原諒你，故選A。11. A.polite B.faithful C.patient D.eager【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。polite有禮貌的；faithful忠誠(chéng)的；patient急躁的；eager渴望的。你要證明你是情愿通過(guò)你的懇切和急躁表示你的歉意，直到她樂(lè)意原諒你，故選C。12. A.unprepared B.informal C.meaningless D.careless【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。unprepared無(wú)預(yù)備的；informal非正式的；meaningless無(wú)意義的；careless馬虎的。依據(jù)Afriendshipcanbebroken，友情可能很快就會(huì)消逝由于馬虎的談話或者嫉妒，故選D。13. A.slowly B.seriously C.softly D.kindly【答案】A【解析】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。slowly漸漸地；seriously嚴(yán)峻地；softly溫存地；kindly和氣地。真正的友情需要彌補(bǔ)，但是需要一步一步漸漸地來(lái)，故選A。14. A.strange B.difficult C.impractical D.pointless【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。strange驚異的；difficult困難的； impractical不切實(shí)際的；pointless無(wú)意義的。告知她失去你珍惜和敬重的人是多么的難，故選B。15. A.wait B.live C.hope D.afford【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解力氣。wait等候；live居住；hope期望；afford賜予，買(mǎi)得起。向她表明你的裂開(kāi)的友情可以彌補(bǔ)，由于你不行能讓這種裂開(kāi)的友情永存，故選D。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?Well,apparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons(神經(jīng)元)inourbrains.Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitate(仿照)it,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento(forexample:“Thehandtookholdoftheball”),thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed(inthisexample,actuallytakingholdofaball).Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract(互動(dòng)).Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalent(相等物)forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—well,perhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.1.Mirrorneuronscanexplain.A.whywecrywhenwearehurtB.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate2.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“”.A.setoffB.cutoffC.builtupD.brokenup3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons.A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Waystofindmirrorneurons.B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.【參考答案】1—4、CAAD模擬短文改錯(cuò)Whenwetalkaboutcitylife,we’llthinktall 1．_________buildings,busystreetsandcomfortablelive 2．_________conditions．Besides,thereismuchpollutionin 3．_________thecitynow．Peoplehavetoputupwithnoisy 4．_________andharmfulsmoke．Howaboutcountrylife?The 5．________