【2021春走向高考】高三英語(yǔ)一輪(人教版)復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)：必修4-Unit-3

第一部分必修四Unit3Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法單句填空1．(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ改編)Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding,________(throw)hard-edgedshadowsontheground.答案：throwing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：陽(yáng)光光明而刺眼，在地上投射出輪廓清楚的影子。throw這一動(dòng)作和主語(yǔ)sunlight之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)一種自然的結(jié)果，所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞－ing的主動(dòng)形式。2．(2022·四川改編)It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpick________Russiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.答案：up句意：真令人驚異，你哥哥這么快就學(xué)會(huì)了俄語(yǔ)——他在那沒(méi)住多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。pickup撿起，撿起，學(xué)會(huì)。3．Thereappearedan________(astonish)lookonherfaceonhearingthe________(astonish)story.答案：astonished;astonishing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：聽(tīng)了那個(gè)令人吃驚的故事，她的臉上露出吃驚的表情。表示情感變化的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞常用來(lái)修飾說(shuō)明人或人的表情(look，expression)、聲音(voice)、微笑(smile)等，這類動(dòng)詞的－ing形式常用來(lái)修飾說(shuō)明事物。4．________(convince)ofhishonesty,wedecidedtodependonhim________(carry)outthesecretorder.答案：Convinced;tocarry考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于堅(jiān)信他的懇切，所以我們打算依靠他來(lái)執(zhí)行這道密令。beconvincedof堅(jiān)信，確信，在此處作緣由狀語(yǔ)，要用過(guò)去分詞形式；carryout執(zhí)行；dependonsb.todosth.依靠某人做某事，為固定句型。5．Inasportsteameachplayerhasaclearrole，andtherearefewoccasions________membersareuncertainoftheirroles.答案：when句意：在一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)中每位隊(duì)員都有清楚的角色意識(shí)，在很少場(chǎng)合下會(huì)毀滅隊(duì)員不清楚自己角色的狀況。occasion表示“場(chǎng)合；(重大的)時(shí)刻(節(jié))，時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)”。6．Lifeisbynomeansperfectsincedifficultiesareunavoidable,butI________(convince)thatlifeis10percentwhathappensbut90percenthowwereacttoit.答案：amconvinced句意：由于困難無(wú)法避開(kāi)，所以生活絕不行能完善，但是我信任生活的奇怪程度有百分之十取決于所發(fā)生的事情，其余的百分之九十取決于我們對(duì)待這些事情的態(tài)度。beconvincedthat...“信任……，堅(jiān)信……”符合句意。7．2022willstillbeadifficultyearforsomepeople,________particularthosefacingthecontinuingeffectsofthebadeconomy.答案：in句意：2022年對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，將照舊會(huì)是困難的一年，尤其是那些受經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣持續(xù)影響的人。8．Provideyourdoctorwithadetailedmedicalhistory________hecangiveyouaccuratetreatment.答案：sothat考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：供應(yīng)應(yīng)你的醫(yī)生一份詳盡的病歷，以便他可以給你精確?????的治療。sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以便，為了”，符合句意。9．Bythetimethegirlcomesbacktolife,scientistsprobably________(discover)acureforthisincurabledisease.答案：willhavediscovered考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：到這個(gè)女孩糊涂過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，科學(xué)家們可能已經(jīng)找到了治療這種不治之癥的方法。依據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。10．(2021·山東改編)Thereisnosimpleanswer,________isoftenthecaseinscience.答案：as句意為：科學(xué)往往如此，它沒(méi)有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的答案。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2022·東北三省四市第一次聯(lián)考)Inthepast,theywerelaughedatforbeingeggheads(書呆子)wearingglasseswithapassionforthepointless.Butnow,beingamemberoftheirgrouphasbecomeasourceofpride,withCollinsonlinedictionarynamingtheterm“geek”asUK's“WordoftheYear”onDecember16.“Geek”topsthelistfor2021becauseofits“positivemakeover”，aspokeswomanforCollinsDictionarytoldTheScotsmannewspaper.Thewordoriginallyappearedinthe19thcenturyasavariant(變形)of“geck”，meaning“asimpleton(傻瓜)”．“Inthe1980s,thewordstillhadanegativemeaning,referringtosomeonewhowasboringandsociallyawkward.However,fromthelate20thcentury,duetotheincreasingimportanceoftechnologyinsociety,thewordhascometomeanaclever,switched-onandcoolperson，”notedTheScotsman.InSeptember,thedictionarychangedthemaindefinitionof“geek”from“someonepreoccupiedwithcomputing”to“apersonwhoisveryknowledgeableandenthusiasticaboutaspecificsubject”．“‘Geek’isagreatexampleofawordthathasevolvedfromhavinganegativemeaningtohavingapositiveone，”IanBrookes,consultanteditortoCollinsDictionarytoldTheGuardian.“Thischangeinmeaningrepresentsapositivechangeinviewsofspecialistexpertise(專長(zhǎng)，專業(yè)學(xué)問(wèn)),andisaresultoftheinfluenceoftechnologyonpeople'slives.”TheTelegraph'sJohnBinghambelievesthatthetransformationofthewordwashelpedalongbythesuccessoftheUSmovieTheSocialNetwork,aboutthecreationoftheUSwebsiteFacebook.“Commentatorssaidthefilmshowedthatithadbecomefashionabletobeageek”，Binghamwrote.文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。戴著瓶底眼鏡的書呆子們?cè)?jīng)被贊揚(yáng)為無(wú)用的“geek”，然而時(shí)代在變化，咸魚也有翻身的一天！柯林斯字典給了這個(gè)詞一個(gè)全新的、樂(lè)觀的含義。1．Theunderlinedword“makeover”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A．evolution B．resultC．influence D．response答案：A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)文章第一段的其次句“Butnow,beingamemberoftheirgrouphasbecomeasourceofpride,withCollinsonlinedictionarynamingtheterm‘geek’asUK's‘WordoftheYear’onDecember16.”和第三段“Thewordoriginallyappearedinthe19thcenturyasavariant(變形)of‘geck’，meaning‘a(chǎn)simpleton(傻瓜)’．”前后對(duì)比可知，此處makeover意為“華麗轉(zhuǎn)身”，與倒數(shù)其次段的第一句“‘Geek’isagreatexampleofawordthathasevolvedfromhavinganegativemeaningtohavingapositiveone”相呼應(yīng)。evolution意為“進(jìn)化”；result意為“結(jié)果”；influence意為“影響”；response意為“回應(yīng)”。故選A項(xiàng)。2．Whendidtheword“geek”begintohaveapositivemeaning?A．Inthe20thcentury. B．Fromthe1990s.C．Inthe1980s. D．Attheendof2021.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的第一句“Inthe1980s,thewordstillhadanegativemeaning...”和其次句“However,fromthelate20thcentury...thewordhascometomeanaclever,switched-onandcoolperson”對(duì)比可知，“geek”這個(gè)詞實(shí)現(xiàn)意義上的華麗轉(zhuǎn)身是在20世紀(jì)90年月。故選B項(xiàng)。3．Accordingtothearticle，“geek”nowmainlyrefersto______.A．someonewhoisaddictedtocomputingandnewtechnologyB．someonewhoisboringandunfashionableC．someonewhoissmartbutawkwardinsocialsituationsD．someonewhoiswell-informedanddevotedtoacertainfield答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“apersonwhoisveryknowledgeableandenthusiasticaboutaspecificsubject”可知，“geek”現(xiàn)在主要指那些博學(xué)的學(xué)者型人物。故選D項(xiàng)。4．Whathelpedtotransformthemeaningof“geek”fromnegativetopositiveaccordingtothearticle?a．Theeffectoftechnology.b．Thenewsmedia'spromotion.c．TheinfluenceofCollinsDictionary.d．ThepopularityofTheSocialNetwork.A．a(chǎn)，b B．b，cC．a(chǎn)，d D．c，d答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段第一句．..“bythesuccessoftheUSmovieTheSocialNetwork,aboutthecreationoftheUSwebsiteFacebook.”可知，“geek”詞義的華麗轉(zhuǎn)身來(lái)源于電影TheSocialNetwork的成功。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句中的“isaresultoftheinfluenceoftechnologyonpeople'slives”可知，這是科技進(jìn)步對(duì)人們生活影響的結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.七選五(2022·豫南五市二模)Haveyouevernoticedthatthemoreyouhavethemoreyouwant?Let'sfaceit.Thinkingourlifeisgoodenoughdoesn'tcomenaturallytomanypeople.Whenwehavehighexpectationsofeverythinginlife,wewillrunintodisappointment.Onlywhenweareawarethatneedsaredifferentfromdesirescanwelivewithsatisfaction.__1____2__Mostpeoplewantthingstobebetterthantheyare,orwhenthingsaregoingwell,weforgettoappreciatewhatwehave.Learntoreflectonhowmuchbetterthingsarethantheycouldbe.Writedown5thingsyouaregratefulforrightnow.Whenweholdontoregretsfromdecisionswehavemade,itcanreallypoisonourwell-being.Manypeopleregretsomethingtheycannolongerchange,whichendsupholdingthembackfrommovingforwardinamorepositivemanner.__3__Soworktostaypresentandbemindfulofthecurrentmomenttofindmorejoyandfulfillment.Whenweuseotherpeopleasthemeasuringstickforourpersonalsuccessandqualityoflife,wearelikelytobelesssatisfied.Socialcomparisonscanprovideusefulinformationwhenwetrytolearnfromothers,buttheyalsoholdourperspectiveinadiscontentedposition.__4__Whenyoufocusonyourbigambitionsandfuturegoals,youmightneglectthedailypleasuresthatsurroundyou.__5__Staypresentandfocusonthetaskyou'reundertakingatthemoment.Don'tletthelifepassyoubybecauseyou'realwaysonthegoanddistractedbyambitions.Practicelookingatlifethroughthelens(鏡頭)ofcontentmentanditwillbecomemorenatural.A．Learntocreatechancestoachieveyourgoal.B．Whatyoushoulddoistoputyourselfinagoodmood.C．Hereareafewideastohelpyoubehappierwithwhatyouhaveandwhoyouare.D．Focusonwhatyouarethankfulfor.E．Whathappenedinthepastisdoneandgone.F．Compareyourselflesswithotherssoyoucanbesatisfiedmore.G．Learntoslowdownandabsorbthewonderandbeautyaroundyou.文章大意：本文就如何掛念自己保持歡快的心態(tài)提出了具體的建議。答案：1．C本文接下來(lái)的4段都是關(guān)于如何掛念自己保持歡快的心態(tài)的具體的建議。故C項(xiàng)符合上下文串聯(lián)。2．D后面的“appreciate”以及“grateful”可知，D項(xiàng)thankful符合語(yǔ)境。3．E該段講的是把握現(xiàn)在，不要對(duì)過(guò)去的事情圓滿和懊悔。所以E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。4．F該段講的是不要與人攀比，句中的“otherpeople”與F項(xiàng)照應(yīng)。5．G該段講的是不要忽視當(dāng)下的歡快，與G項(xiàng)照應(yīng)。而且原文的“pleasuresthatsurroundyou.”與G項(xiàng)的“wonderandbeautyaroundyou.”照應(yīng)。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空(2022·鄭州市三模)Onceafarmer'sdonkey(驢)fellintoadeepwell.Theanimalcriedloudlyforhours,butthefarmercouldn'tfigureoutwhattodo__1__it.Finally,hedecidedthattheanimalwasoldandthatthewellneededtobecoveredanyway,sohe__2__(think)thedonkeywasn'tworthsaving.Then,heinvitedsomeofhisneighborstocomeoverandhelp__3__.Theyalltookashovel(鐵鏟)andbegantoputdirtintothewell.Atfirst,thedonkeyrealizedwhatwashappeningandcried__4__(pitiful).Then,toeveryone'ssurprise,thedonkeybecamequiet.Afewshovelloadslater,thefarmerlookeddownintothewellandwasastonishedat__5__hesaw.Eachshovelofdirthititsback,butthedonkeywasdoingsomething__6__(amaze).Itwasshakingthedirtoffandtakingastepup.__7__theneighborscontinuedtoputmoredirtontopoftheanimal,itwouldshakethedirtoffandtakeonemorestepup.Prettysooneveryonewassurprisedasthedonkeysteppedupovertheedgeof__8__wellandranoffhappily!Whenlifesometimes__9__(put)dirtonyou,thebestwayofgettingoutofthewellistoshakethedirtoffandtakeastepup.Eachofyourtroublesisasteppingstone.Youcangetoutofthedeepestwelljust__10__nevergivingup!文章大意：本文是一篇寓言故事，主要講了一頭掉到井里的驢如何成功自救的故事。這個(gè)故事告知我們：患病逆境時(shí)不能無(wú)望，要用樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度去面對(duì)，這樣就可能將掩埋你的“沙土”變成你成功的墊腳石。答案：1．with/for/about考查介詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處可以指“應(yīng)對(duì)、處理這件事”的意思，與“do”連用，故可以填with或about；同時(shí)“it”也可以指代“驢”，此時(shí)可以填“for”。2．thought考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)上句時(shí)態(tài)“decided”可知，本句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填thought。3．him考查代詞。依據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，他邀請(qǐng)鄰居過(guò)來(lái)幫他一起填埋這頭驢。故填him。4．pitifully考查副詞。所給詞是用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“cried”的，修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。故填pitifully。5．what考查賓語(yǔ)從句。依據(jù)題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句話包含一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少“saw”的賓語(yǔ)，意為“所……的”。故填what。6．a(chǎn)mazing考查形容詞。所給詞在句中用來(lái)修飾不定代詞“something”，意為“令人感到驚異的”。故填amazing。7．As/When考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。依據(jù)兩句話之間的語(yǔ)境規(guī)律可知，此處所缺詞應(yīng)意為“隨著……”或者“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。故填A(yù)s/When。留意首字母應(yīng)大寫。8．the考查冠詞。此處特指上文提到的這口井。故填the。9．puts考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)題干可知，所給詞作謂語(yǔ)；同時(shí)這是這則寓言故事的道理，因此時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填puts。10．by考查連詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處所填詞與動(dòng)名詞連用，表示方式手段。故填by。Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)(2022·陜西)MyfathertookmeoutcampingforthefirsttimewhenIwasseven.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.Myunclesallcomealongwithbowsandarrowsforhunting.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.Justthenabirdwasflyingoverus.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowso