2021承德市高考英語(yǔ)信息匹配類、閱讀類五月選練及答案7

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive(主管)oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes:“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions(排放).Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted(授予)thestandard,theycanusealogo(標(biāo)識(shí))inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissionsB.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppersC.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissionsD.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecostsB.usethesamelogointheirmarketingC.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyactionD.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods【參考答案】1-4DAAC閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AJeanisabrightyoungladywhocomesfromarichandfamousfamily.Shegoestoagooduniversityandhaseverythingthatmoneycanbuy.Well,almosteverythingisgood.ButtheproblemisthatJean’sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.Shelikesbeinganonymous(匿名),talkingtopeoplewhodonotknowaboutherfamousfamilyandherrichlife.SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshekeepsintouchwithquiteoften.LastyearJeanmadeaveryspecialfriendonQQ.HisnamewasDavidandlivedinSanFrancisco.Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.HeandJeanhadacommoninterestinrockmusicandmoderndance.SoitalwaystookthemhourstotalkhappilyonQQandsometimestheyevenforgottheirtime.Ofcourse,theywantedtoknowmoreabouteachother.Davidsentapictureofhimself:Hewasatall,goodlookingyoungmanwithbig,happysmile.Astimewentby,theybecamegoodfriendsandoftensentcardsandsmallthingstoeachother.WhenJean’sfathertoldherthathewasgoingonabusinesstriptoSanFrancisco,sheaskedhimtolethergowithhimsothatshecouldgiveDavidasurpriseforhisbirthday.ShewouldtakehimthelatestDVDoftheirfavoriterocksinger.ButwhensheknockedonDavid’sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!1.JeanspendsalotofhertimeonQQbecausesheis_________.A.rich B.young C.lonely D.talkative2.Thereasonwhytheyevenforgottheirtimeisthatthey_________.A.talkedindelightonQQ B.hatedstudyC.fellinlovewitheachother D.hadsimilarhobbies3.WhydidJeanleaveherhomeforSanFrancisco?A.ToamazeDavid. B.Tobeonabusinesstrip.C.TobeinvitedtoJim'sbirthdayparty. D.TosendsomegiftstoJim.4.ThefollowingstatesaretrueaboutJeanEXCEPTthataccordingtothepassage.A.sheisauniversitystudent B.shewasborninawealthyfamilyC.shemadeafriendnamedJimyoungerthanherD.sheusesherfamilynameonherQQ5.WecouldbelievethatJeanwas_________whenseeingJimhimselfinsteadofDavidathisdoor.A.delighted B.disappointed C.regretful D.confused【參考答案】1—5、CAADB閱讀理解Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty(死刑).Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrent(威懾)tomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.Theargumentadvancedbythoseopposed（反對(duì)）tothedeathpenaltyisthatitiscruelandinhumanpunishment,thatitistilemarkofabadsocietyandfinallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrime(罪行)anyway.Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthosepeculiarpersonsineverysocietywhomadeterriblecrimessuchasmurder.Butsomearemoredangerousthanothers.Forexample,itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder,likeallothercrimes,isamatterofdifferentdegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.Butthemajorityofpeoplebelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefisprovedbythefactthatthedeathpenaltypreventsmurder.Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeathpenaltywascarriedoutfromtimetotimeinCalifornia,themurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach100,000population.Since1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeendoneonlyonce,andthemurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100,000population.Thesharpclimbinthestate'smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed(拒絕),somepeoplewillbemurdered-somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisreallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofpeoplemustbeprotected.1.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto_____.A.speakforthemajority

B.supportavetoC.speakillofthegovernment

D.argueforthevalueofthedeathpenalty答案解析：答案為D。本題為文章的主旨大意題。由第一段的“Manyarguethat…,whileothersthink...”和最終一段的首句“Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.”可知，本文爭(zhēng)辯死刑的價(jià)值。2.WhichofthefollowingisamongtheheatedargumentsacrosstheUSAbesidesdeathpenalty?A.Airpollution. B.ThewaragainstIraq.C.Equalrights. D.Electionofpresident.答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從第一段的首句“Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty(死刑).”可知，除了人權(quán)問(wèn)題，在美國(guó)爭(zhēng)辯最吵鬧的問(wèn)題是死刑。3.Thenumbersinthelastparagraphshowthat______.A.iftheysticktodeathpenalty,thenumberofmurderswillbereducedB.deathpenaltyalmoststoppedfrom1954to1963C.thepopulationofCaliforniahasrisenD.deathpenaltyisoflittlevalue答案解析：答案為A。本題為推理題。從最終一段的其次句“Butthemajorityofpeoplebelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.”和最終三句“Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed(拒絕),somepeoplewillbemurdered-somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisreallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofpeoplemustbeprotected.”都是在強(qiáng)調(diào)死刑可以疼惜人的生命，故答案為A,假如國(guó)家堅(jiān)持死刑，謀殺案件的數(shù)目會(huì)削減。由本段的第四句話“Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeathpenaltywascarriedoutfromtimetotimeinCalifornia…”可知，1954年到1963年期間，死刑時(shí)不時(shí)地在California執(zhí)行，并不是廢除了，故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)在文中未提及，D選項(xiàng)與本段的中心愿思違反。4.Itcanbeinferredthatthewriterthinksthat______.A.thedeathpenaltyisthemostimportantproblemintheUnitedStatestodayB.thesecondtypeofmurderers(inParagraph4)shouldbesentencedtodeathC.thevetoofthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisoflittleimportanceD.thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimeisnottobediscussed答案解析：答案為B。本題為推理題。細(xì)讀第四段，由“itisonething…blindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplan…inthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder…isamatterofdifferentdegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”可知，作者認(rèn)為謀殺分為“blindanger（盲目的生氣）”和“coldlyplan…inthestyleofabutcher（冷酷的屠夫式的謀殺），謀殺的程度不一樣，假如是第一種就僅僅讓謀殺者與社會(huì)隔離即可，而不是后一種謀殺者的命運(yùn)，言外之意就是后一種謀殺應(yīng)當(dāng)判死刑。故答案為B。結(jié)合前面幾題的分析，第一段作者認(rèn)為除了人權(quán)問(wèn)題，在美國(guó)爭(zhēng)辯最吵鬧的問(wèn)題是死刑。故選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤。從最終一段倒數(shù)第三句話“Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed,somepeoplewillbemurdered-somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.”可知，假如死刑被拒絕，一些本可以挽救的生命就會(huì)被謀殺，可見(jiàn)死刑的拒確定疼惜人的生命有著重要的意義，C選項(xiàng)的意思與此相反，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)與最終一段的首句“Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.”表達(dá)相反，故錯(cuò)誤。【2021高考復(fù)習(xí)】任務(wù)型讀寫 Ifyoucanfindatreewhichhasbeencutdown，youwillseemanyrings，orcircles，onthebaseofthetrunk.Bylearningtoreadtheserings，youcanfindoutaboutthetree'slife. Thenumberofringstellsyouhowoldthetreeis.Eachyear，newwoodisformedontheoutsideofthetree.Thisnewwoodislightincolorwhenthetreeisgrowinginspringandsummer，anddarkinwinterwhenthetreeisnotgrowingmuch.So，ifyoucounttheringsofdark-or-lightcoloredwood，youcanoftenfindouthowoldthetreeis. Youcanalsotellwhichyearshavebeengoodyearsandwhichyearshavebeenbadyears.Whenthelight-coloredringsareverywide，itmeansthatthetreehasbeengrowingquicklythatyear.Iftheringsarenarrow，ithasbeengrowingslowly.Iftheringsonatreetrunkweregreatlymagnified，youwouldbeabletoseewhytheringsarelight-coloredwhenthetreeisgrowingquicklyanddark-coloredwhenthetreeisgrowingslowly.Thetreetrunkismadeupofmicroscopictubes，likesomepipes，carryingwaterfromthesoil，throughthetrunk，anduptotheleaves.Theyarewideandthin-walledwhenthetreeisgrowingquicklyandtheyarecarryingalotofwater.Theyarenarrowandstucktogetherwhenthetreeisnotgrowingsoquickly. Whenatreeisold，thetubesinthecentreofthetreedon'tcarrywater.Thewallsofthetubeshavebecomethickwithmaterialswhichhavestuckalongthemovertheyears，formingakindofwoodcalled“heartwood”．Thiskindofwoodisdarkerincolorthantheyoung，growingwoodontheoutsideofthetree. Youdon'tveryoftenseewholetreetrunkswhichhavebeencutacross.Butonceyoulearntoreadacrosssectionofthewood，youcanseemuchmoreinwoodwhichhasbeenusedtomakeboxes，housesandotherthings. Inmostwood，insteadofseeingthetrunkcutacross，youareseeingitcutalongitslength.Becauseyoudon'tseethewholetree，youcan'ttellhowolditis.Title：__20__ofaTreeGeneralinformationOldtreesItemsFactsItemsFactsWherecanringsbeseenOnthe__21__ofatrunkThetubesinthecentreofthetreeDon'tcarrywaterThe__22__ofringsHelpsusknowaboutitsageThewallsofthetubesBecome__23__；Form__24____25__light-coloredringsShowthetreegrowsquicklyNarrow__26__ringsMeanthetreegrowsslowlyMicroscopictubesFunctionCarry__27__FeaturesWideand__28__whengrowingquicklyNarrowandstucktogetherwhengrowing__29__ 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了怎樣從樹(shù)的年輪來(lái)看樹(shù)的生長(zhǎng)狀況和年齡。20．Rings/Circles[從第一段可直接得出答案。]21．base[從第一段第一句可直接得出答案。]22．number[從其次段第一句可直接得出答案。]23．thick[從第四段其次句可直接得出答案。]24．heartwood[第四段其次句可直接得出答案。]25．Wide[第三段其次句可直接得出答案。]26．dark-colored[第三段第四句可直接得知。]27．water[第三段倒數(shù)其次句可直接得知。]28．thin-walled[第三段倒數(shù)其次句可得知。]29．slowly[從第三段最終一句notgrowingsoquickly轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)。]【上海市虹口區(qū)2022模擬】任務(wù)型閱讀Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.adaptB.nativesC.identitiesD.cost-savingE.alertF.insteadG.establishedH.practicallyI.routeJ.enrolledK.significantOfficialsatBostonCollegehavemadewhatmaybeacritic