2021重慶合川市高考英語(五月)閱讀理解專題自練及參考答案1

【由江蘇省鹽城市2022模擬改編】閱讀理解。閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。FirstladyMichelleObamaturns50onFriday,Jan.17,2022.

MichelleObamahasspentthefirsthalf-centuryofherlifebreakingbarriersandcheckingoffaseriesoffirsts.Now,asshereacheshermilestonebirthdayFriday,thenationwillbewatchingtoseeinwhatotherareasshewillleavehermark.

FiveyearsaftermovingintotheWhiteHouse,andwithoutare-electioncampaigntoworryabout,shehasmoreroomtorelaxinherroleand,politicalwatcherssay,possiblybecomemorevocal(聲音的)onpoliticalissuesinthethreeyearsleftinoffice.

Sofar,criticshavecomplainedaboutMichelle’ssilenceonissueswheretheyexpectedtohearhervoice:Lastyear,atthestartofherhusband'ssecondterm,shedisappointedadvocatesfortightergun-controlmeasuresaftershefailedtopushharderontheissueinresponsetothemassacre(殘殺)atSandyHookElementarySchoolinNewtown,Conn.Shealsodisappointedsomefeminists(女權(quán)主義者)whowantedhertodefendtheircausesinsteadoffallingbackonherself-describedroleasthenation’s“mom-in-chief.”Nordidshehandleracialissuesduringhersecondterm,assomehadexpected.

“Themostimportantthingtorememberis,whetheryouareblack,whiteorHispanic,you’rethefirstladyandthepresidentofallthepeopleintheUnitedStates.That’sahugemeltingpot,sotoreinforce(強(qiáng)化)thatshe'sAfricanAmericanoveranythingelsewouldnotbewise,”saidAnitaMcBride,whodirectsprogrammingandnationalconferencesonthelegacies(遺產(chǎn))ofAmerica’sfirstladiesandtheirhistoricalinfluenceatAmericanUniversity.

ValerieJarrett,atopWhiteHouseadviserandaclosefriendoftheObamas,saidthefirstladydoesn'twantto“spreadherselftoothin.”

“Shereallywantstohaveamaximumimpactandtodothatinfewerareas,”JarretttoldtheAssociatedPress.“That,shesaid,“isbetterthantryingtotakeoneverysinglepossiblecause.”

ButRobertWatson,aLynnUniversityprofessor,saidheexpectsObamato“goalittleharderatissues”overthenextseveralyears.“Second-termfirstladiesusuallyfeelmoreateasetospeakmoreforcefullyaboutissuesclosetotheirheart,”hesaid.

MyraGutin,aRyderUniversitycommunicationsprofessorandfrequentlectureronfirstladies,saidsheexpectsObamatocontinuemakingbothofthemapriorityinherremainingyearsintheWhiteHouse,giventheirsuccess.Michellelaunchedthe“Let’sMove”campaignin2010.Itinparticularhasgainedwidespreadsupport,rangingfromtheNationalFootballLeaguetotheSesameStreetfranchise(特許),whichevengavepermissiontotheproduceindustrytouseitslicensedcharactersforfreeonfruitsandvegetables.

“There’snosuchthingasatraditionalfirstlady,notanymoreinthistechnology-filledworld.IsMrs.Obamacuttingedge?Issheanactivist?No.Asfirstladiesgo,Ithinkshe’sbeenpoliticallycarefulbecauseshedoesnotwanttheretobeamajorflare-upthatwouldrequireherhusbandtousehispoliticalcapitaltocleanup,”shesaid.“Butshe’snotexactlyjustsittingintheWhiteHousepouringteaandhavingreceptions,either.”

A．shedidn’tputgun-controlmeasuresintoeffectB．shefailedsomefeministstostandouttobeacareerwomanC．shedidn’tsolvesomeracialproblemsD．shefailedtovoiceheropiniononsomeissues2、Accordingtotheprofessorsoradvisers,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．It’snotwisetoreinforceMichelleisAfricanAmericanoveranythingelse.B．It’sbetterforMichelletohaveamaximumimpactthantotakeoneverypossiblecause.C．It'sexpectedforMichelletogoalittleharderatissues.D．It’satraditionforfirstladiestostayoutofpoliticalissues.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spreadherselftoothin”inParagraph6mean?A．Trytodoalotofworkatthesametime.B．Getverytired.C．Trytoimprovephysicalfitness.D．Moveherselfawayfromothers.4、InParagraph9,thecampaign“Let’sMove”mightbeaimingtohelppeople_______..

a.gainwidespreadsupport

b.becomemorephysicallyactive

c.haveaccesstohealthierfoods

d.raiseawarenessaboutguncontrolA．a(chǎn),cB．a(chǎn),bC．b,cD．c,d【參考答案】1---4、DDAC閱讀理解。Evenplantcanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehuman,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetawaystraightup.Adecadeago,adoptingtheinfrared（紅外線）scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide（殺蟲劑）sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon’thavepest（害蟲）problems.Evenbetter,Paley’sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.ThebadnewsisthatPaley’scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.“Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates,”saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyffPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.16．Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare______________.A.sprayedwithpesticidesB.facinganinfraredscannerC.inpoorphysicalconditionD.exposedtoexcessivesunrays17．Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto____________.A.estimatethedamagetothecropsB.measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaC.drawacolor-codedmapD.locatetheproblemarea18．Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby______________.A.resortingtospot-sprayingB.consultinginfraredscanningexpertsC.transformingpoisonedrainD.detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage19．Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties_______________.A.thelackofofficialsupportB.itshighcostC.thelackoffinancialsupportD.itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction20．Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof_____________.A.thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduceB.growingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncropsC.theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgricultureD.fullsupportfromagriculturalexperts[全解全析] 41—45CDACB本篇是一篇說明文，主要介紹了將原用于軍事和衛(wèi)星的紅外線掃描技術(shù)運(yùn)用于農(nóng)業(yè)的前景，人們?yōu)榇怂龀龅呐坝龅降睦щy。16．C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次自然段第2行“．．．a(chǎn)ninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops．Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’”，說明植物在發(fā)“高燒”，也就是說，“身體狀況”不佳時(shí)才會(huì)散發(fā)熱，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。17．D。推理推斷題。本題要求推斷使用紅外線掃描技術(shù)的目的。依據(jù)文章其次自然段第4行“．．．showingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’．Farmerscouldthenspotspray，．．．”說明目的是確定有問題的區(qū)域，以使農(nóng)夫有針對性地噴殺蟲劑。明顯，選項(xiàng)D（確定有問題的地域）為最佳選項(xiàng)。18．A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次自然段最終一句“Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould”（實(shí)行點(diǎn)噴，農(nóng)夫們可以節(jié)省平常用量的50％至70％的殺蟲劑），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。19．C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三自然段的第1句“ThebadnewsisthatPalely’scompanycloseddownin1984，afteronlythreeyears．Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind”，從中可以看出紅外線掃描技術(shù)應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)遇到了一些問題，緣由有兩個(gè)：一是農(nóng)夫?qū)π录夹g(shù)的抵制，二是難以找到長期贊助商。文章中還有一處明顯的提示毀滅在最終一句：“ButonlyifPalelyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago”．從該句供應(yīng)的信息同樣可以反推出10年前的情形，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。20．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三自然段第2行“Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticideonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning，Palelyhopestogetbackintooperation”，可知B項(xiàng)（出于對殺蟲劑過度使用的擔(dān)憂）符合題意?！?022高考英語四川省成都市一模試題】A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)OnceDr.Mellinkoffinvitedmetojoinhimatthehospitaltodiscussinterestingcaseswithhisstudents.ThecaseathandwasaGuatemalanman,aged34,whohadafeverandmanyothermedicalproblems.Hisconditionwasnotimproving,andtherewasnotmuchhopehewouldlive.Dr.Mellinkoffaskedtoseethepatient.HeintroducedhimselfinSpanishand,inaverygentlevoice,askedhowhefelt.Thepatientsmiledandsaideverythingwasallright.Thenthedoctoraskedifhewasabletoeat.Thepatientsaidthathehadnodesiretoeat.“Areyougettingfoodyoulike?”Thepatientsaidnothing.“Doyougetthekindoffoodyouhaveathome?”Theanswerwasno.Thedoctorputhishandontheman’sshoulderandhisvoicewasverysoft.“If,youhadfoodthatyouliked,wouldyoueatit?”“Yes,yes.”thepatientsaid.Thechangeinthepatient’sappearancecouldn’thavebeenmoreobvious.Nothingwassaid,butitwaseasytotellthatamessagehadbeensentandhadalsobeenreceived.Later,thedoctoraskedwhytheGuatemalanmanwasn’tgettingfoodhecouldeat.Oneofthestudentssaid,“Weallknowhowdifficultitistogetthekitchentomakespecialmeals.”“Suppose,”thedoctorreplied,“youfeltacertainmedicinewasabsolutelynecessarybutthatourhospitaldidn’tcarryit,wouldyouacceptdefeatorwouldyouinsistthehospitalmeetyourrequest?”“Iwouldprobablyinsist,”thestudentsaid.“Verywell,”thedoctorsaid.“Youmightwanttotrythesamemethodinthekitchen.Itwon’tbeeasy,butIcanhelpyouMeanwhile,let’sgetsomefoodinsidethismanasfastaspossible,andstaywithit.Orhe’llbekilledbyhunger.Bytheway,theremustbesomeoneamongyouwhocanspeakSpanish.Ifwewanttomakerealprogress,weneedtobeabletotalkwithhim.”Threeweekslater,Dr.MellinkofftoldmethattheGuatemalanmanhadleftthehospitalunderhisownpower.Ittakesmorethanmedicinetohelpsickpeople;youalsohavetotalktothemandmakethemcomfortable.31.Thepatienthadnodesiretoeatbecause__________.A.hewasnothungry B.hewasseriouslyillC.hewasgivenspecialmeals D.hewasnotsatisfiedwiththefood32.Accordingtothepassage,wecanconcludethat__________.A.thepatientwasfromanothercountry.B.thepatient’sillnesswascausedbyhungerC.Dr.MellinkoffperformedanoperationonthepatientD.thehospitalfailedtoprovidetherightmedicineforthepatient33.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeDr.Mellinkoff?A.Cold. B.Considerate. C.Curious. D.Confident.34.WhatdoyouthinkDr.Mellinkoffwantedtotellhisstudentsinthiscase?A.Doctorsshouldknowtheirpatients’realproblems.B.Doctorsshouldbeabletospeakforeignlanguages.C.Doctorsshouldtrytoimprovetheirmedicalskills.D.Doctorsshouldgivemoremedicinetopatients.【參考答案】31-34：DABA閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAcoupleofyearsago,beforeatriptoChina,NicoleDavisandherUSwomen’svolleyballteammateswerewarnedabouttheprominence(顯著、突出)ofcoach“Jenny”LangPinginhernativecountry.“IwaspushedoverbyChinesejournalistswhileIwasjusttryingtoputmyluggageonthebus,”saidDavis.Knownasthe“IronHammer”forherpunishingspikes(扣球),LangmadeitpossibleforChinatodominateinthesportintheearly1980s.ShewasakeyplayeronChina’s1984Olympicgoldmedalwinningteam.WhentheUSteamarrivedfortheOlympics,Lang,48,whoisfromBeijing,hadtotakeadifferentroutetoavoidacrowdofreportersandfans.ThencamethegreatestmomenttoLang：WhiletheUSteamwasplayinginapackedgym,atleast8,000ChinesefansunfurledanAmericanflag.“Thatreallysaysitall,”Davissaid.“Theylookatherasanicon(偶像)．I’msureit’shardforthemtoseehercoachinganothercountry,buttheyloveherso高考資源網(wǎng)lythathersuccessistheirsuccess.”TheloyaltyoftheChinesefanswastestedonFriday,whenChinalostamatchtotheUS.“It’sapitythatChinalostthematch,butI’mstillgladthatLangPing’steamwon,sincesheistheprideofChina’svolleyball,”saidLiuChengli,aspectator.“WealsocheeredforLang’svictory.”Langsaidshejusttriedtostayprofessionalwhenthetwoteamsmeet.“Itdoesn’tmatterifweplayChinaoranyotherteam.It’sthesame.”Langsaid.DavissaidsheandherteammatescouldnothaveimaginedthepassionforvolleyballamongChinesebecausethesportwaslackofpopularityintheUS.ThereceptionfromChinesefanshastouchedtheUSplayers,saidUSvolleyballplayerLindseyBerg.“It’ssuchanhonortobehereandplayforourcoachhereinChina,”shesaid.“Theamounto