河南省商丘市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題【含答案解析】

1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考場號、座位號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。2,回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題的答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillSamdotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.FlytoTokyo.C.Haveameeting.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Havingbreakfast.B.Buyingthemedicine.C.Travelingtothetown.3.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Agiftshop.B.Hisbrother’shouse.C.TheChildren’sCenter.4.Howmuchisaconcertticketforachild?A.$2.B.$4.C.$8.5.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Itsfunnyplot.B.Itsmusic.C.Itsactors.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidtheboydofirstlastnight?A.Helistenedtomusic.B.HewatchedTV.C.Hereadtextbooks.7.WhatisWimbledonabout?A.Tennis.B.Films.C.Music.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheman’scousin?A.Asailor.B.Ateacher.C.Ajournalist.9.Howdoesthemanliketeaching?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Challenging.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheroomlike?ABigbutold.B.Bigandnew.C.Smallbutnew.11.Whatwillbearrangedfirst?A.Thechairs.B.Thebed.C.Thedressingtable.12.Wherewillthechairsbeput?A.Closetothewindow.B.Infrontofthefireplace.C.Behindthedressingtable.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Amuseum.B.Ashop.C.Arestaurant.14.Whatdoesthewomanhavenointerestin?A.TastingIndianfood.B.Seeinguniqueanimals.C.Takingawalk.15.Whywon’tthespeakersgoshopping?A.Theshoppingmallisalittlefar.B.Theydon’thaveenoughmoney.C.Itwilltakethemtoomuchtime.16.Howwillthespeakersgototheseashore?A.Onfoot.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhatcanwelearnaboutMrs.Green?A.Shealwaysdrivesveryfast.B.Shehasanoldandsmallcar.C.Sheonlydrivesadayeveryweek.18.What’sthecolorofMike’scar?A.Blue.B.Black.C.White.19.Whohasaveryoldcar?A.Mike.B.Mrs.Bates.C.Joe.20.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJoeandthespeaker?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisfriend.C.Hisuncle.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AAI&Theatre:ADiscussionattheLibraryforthePerformingArtsWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,thereisawideuseofAlinmanyaspectsofourlives.TheLibraryforthePerformingArtsinvitesyoutoanafternoondiscussionnextThursday.Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.SeatingPolicyProgramsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.Ifyouarriveaftertheprogramstarts,yourseatwillbearrangedataspecialplacebyourstaff.Foodordrinkisnotallowedinside.StandbyLineIfregistrationhasended,donotworry!Wewelcomeyoutothelibraryregardlessofregistrationstatusandyoucanwaitinourstandbyline.Fiveminutesbeforetheprogramstarts,allremainingseatsarereleasedtoattendeesinthestandbyline.Whilethisisnotguaranteed,wewilldoourbesttogetyouintoanyofourprograms.AssistiveListeningandInterpretationInterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.Pleasesubmityourrequestatleasttwoweeksinadvancebyemailingusataccessibility@.AudioandVideoRecordingProgramsmaybephotographedandrecordedbytheLibraryforthePerformingArts.Ifyouwouldpreferyourimagenottobephotographed,pleaseletusknowandwecanseatyouaccordingly.Pleasenotethatallrecordings,includingprofessionalvideorecordings,arenotallowedduringthediscussion.1.What’sthepurposeofthediscussion?A.TopromotetheapplicationofAI. B.ToshowthedisadvantagesofAI.C.ToexploretheinfluenceofAIontheater. D.Toappreciatethedevelopmentoftechnology.2.Howcanyouensureaseatatthediscussion?A.Payaregistrationfee. B.Signupforitaheadoftime.C.Waitinthestandbylineearlier. D.Contactthelibrarystaffadayahead.3.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyattendthediscussion?A.Holdaseatforafriend. B.Askforthereal-timecaption.C.Broadcastthediscussionlive. D.Takephotosduringthediscussion.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了TheLibraryforthePerfommingArts討論活動的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.(在討論中，我們希望既不推崇也不詆毀人工智能，相反，講座將允許聽眾就人工智能在技術(shù)進(jìn)步的關(guān)鍵階段對戲劇的潛在影響進(jìn)行公開討論。)”可知，該活動聚焦AI對戲劇演出的影響。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeatingPolicy的內(nèi)容“Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.(課程是免費(fèi)的，對所有人開放，但要求提前一周注冊。已登記的客人享有優(yōu)先權(quán)，可以在開始時(shí)間前15到30分鐘辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)，禁止為任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登記參會可以得到被分配好的座位。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AssistiveListeningandInterpretation的內(nèi)容“InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.(可應(yīng)要求提供英語翻譯和實(shí)時(shí)字幕。)”可知，參會者可以申請實(shí)時(shí)字幕。故選B。BHemanBekeleisnotyourtypicalhighschoolstudent．Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．Hisworkwonhimthegrandprizeinthisyear’s3MYoungScientist’sChallenge,acompetitionthatencourageskidstothinkofuniquewaystosolveeverydayproblems.GrowingupinEthiopia,Bekelefoundinpitythatpeopleworkingoutsidewerelikelytoendupgettingskincancer．Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases．However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000．Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,andthatturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.Alotofhisresearchanddevelopmentstartedinhisfamily’skitchenandinhisbasement．Butashereachedthefinalofthecompetition,herealizedthathedidneedtodoalittlebitmoreoutsideofjusthishouse．SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance．ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition．Bekelesaidthathedefinitelycouldn’thavedonethatallbyhimself.Bekele’saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit’schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角質(zhì)劑）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody’simmunecellstodefendcancer.Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．Hesaid,“Istillneedalotofresourcestobeabletoconductthisresearch,sothismoneywilldefinitelyhelpmeachieveit.”4.WhydidHemanBekelestartworkingoncreatingthesoap?A.Becausehethoughtitwasafunproject.B.Becausehewantedtowinasciencecompetition.C.Becausehefoundskincancertreatmentunaffordable.D.Becausehewantedtocreateauniquesoapforeveryone.5.WhatcanwelearnfromBekele’spreparationsforthefinal?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Learnhumbly,askwillingly.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Hopeforthebest,preparefortheworst.6.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatfeaturesthesoaphas. B.Howthesoapisused.C.Whatchemicalsthesoapcontains. D.Howthesoapisproduced.7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeBekeleaccordingtothepassage?A.Patientandtalented. B.Friendlyandambitious.C.Cautiousandgenerous. D.Caringanddevoted.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位14歲學(xué)生HemanBekele，通過自身努力和不斷尋求幫助，發(fā)明了一種普通人能負(fù)擔(dān)起的抗擊皮膚癌的肥皂，因此獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學(xué)家”的稱號?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases.However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．”（皮膚癌確實(shí)可以治愈，而且在大多數(shù)情況下是可以治療的。然而，全球皮膚癌治療的平均價(jià)格接近4萬美元。這些令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)確實(shí)激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)造一個(gè)人們更容易獲得的解決方案。）可知,HemanBekele正是因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)很多皮膚癌患者負(fù)擔(dān)不起治療費(fèi)用，才決心發(fā)明治療皮膚癌的肥皂，讓人們能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起治療費(fèi)用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance.ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition.”（所以他聯(lián)系了弗吉尼亞大學(xué)和喬治城大學(xué)的老師，他得到了很多幫助。排名第一的人是黛博拉·伊莎貝爾（DeborahIsabelle），她在決賽中幫助他籌備和組織了他的想法。）可知，HemanBekele在最后階段尋求了很多外界的幫助。A是“良好的開端是成功的一半”；B是“虛心學(xué)習(xí)，樂意請教”；C是“事實(shí)勝于雄辯”；D是“抱最好的希望，做最壞的打算”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Bekele’saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit’schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角質(zhì)劑）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody’simmunecellstodefendcancer.”（Bekele的獲獎肥皂是一種復(fù)合肥皂，它含有不同的抗癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)。肥皂的顏色有點(diǎn)暗白色，表面粗糙，可能是一種很好的去角質(zhì)劑。它確實(shí)有強(qiáng)烈的藥味，摸起來有點(diǎn)粘。重點(diǎn)是，即使你洗掉了肥皂，藥用成分也會留在你的皮膚上。它可以激活人體的免疫細(xì)胞來防御癌癥。）可知，該段主要描述了肥皂的成分、顏色、氣味和功效等特征。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．”（然而，全球皮膚癌治療的平均價(jià)格接近4萬美元。這些令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)確實(shí)激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)造一個(gè)人們更容易獲得的解決方案。）可知HemanBekele關(guān)心他人；又根據(jù)第一段中“Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．”（這個(gè)來自弗吉尼亞州費(fèi)爾法克斯的14歲男孩沒有把空閑時(shí)間花在玩電子游戲或盯著手機(jī)上，而是打電話給教授并進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，所有這些都是為了創(chuàng)造一種可以治療皮膚癌的肥皂，并使每個(gè)需要它的人都能負(fù)擔(dān)得起。）；以及最后一段“Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．”（Bekele贏得了2.5萬美元的獎金，他打算用這筆錢繼續(xù)研究。）可知，他全心全意地投入到研究抗癌肥皂。故選D項(xiàng)。CIsmodernfruitcultivated(培育)tobesweeterthaninthepast?Theshortanswerisyes,thoughthelongeranswerismorecomplicated.Someofthemostpowerfulevidencethatfruitissweeterthanbeforecomesfromzoos.In2018,itwasreportedthatMelboumeZooinAustraliahadstoppedgivingfruittomostofitsanimalsbecausecultivatedfruitwasnowsosweetthatitwascausingtoothdecay(蛀牙)andweightgain.Themonkeysatthezoowereprovidedwithalower-sugarvegetable-baseddietinsteadofbananas.Amongfruitcultivators,theword“quality”isnowroutinelyusedasanequalfor“highinsugar”(thoughfirmness,colorandsizearealsoconsiderations).In2010,inanarticlelookingatwaystoenhancethesweetnessoffruitusing“molecuiar(分子的)approaches”,agroupofplantscientistsoftheRepublicofKoreawrotethat“ingeneral,thesugarcontent”ofmanyfruitsisnowhigherthanbefore“owingtocontinuousselectionandbreeding”.Modernapplevarieties,thescientistsnoted,wereonaveragesweeterthanolderones.Cultivationisn’ttheonlyreasonthatmodernfruitissweeter;there’salsoclimatechange.ResearchfromJapanfoundthatsincethe1970s,withrisingtemperatures,Fujiapples(whichwerealreadyasweetvariety)havebecomesignificantlysweeterandsofter.Theleadresearcher,ToshihokoSugiura,saidthat“ifyoucouldtasteanappleharvested30yearsago,youwouldfeelthedifference”.Itissometimesclaimedthatthesweetnessofmodernfruitisnotduetohighersugarcontentsomuchasthefactthatthebitternessandsournessofwildfruithavebeensteadilycultivatedoutofit.There’sagrain—butonlyagrain—oftruthinthis.StudiesofwildapplesdoindeedsuggestthatsomeancientvarietieswerejustashighinsugarasamodernPinkLadyorHoneycrisp.Thedifferenceisthattherewasmuchwidervariationinsugarcontentacrosswildapples,whereasthemodernsupermarketappleseldomdropsbelowacertainlevelofsweetness.8.WhydidMelbourneZoostopgivingfruittomostofitsanimals?A.Theanimalspreferredavegetable-baseddiet.B.Modernfruitdidgreatharmtoanimals’teeth.C.Thesugarcontentofmodernfruitislowerthanbefore.D.Theflavorofmodernfruitwasnotgoodfortheanimals.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thesugarcontentisbreeders’firstpriority.B.Sweeterfruitsarejustaresultofnaturalselection.C.Thesweetnessofmodernapplesisequaltotheaverageofolderones.D.Molecularapproachesareadoptedtoaddthesweetnessofmodernfruit.10.Whatdostudiesofwildapplesinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Applesofoldspeciestastedlesssweet.B.Thesugarcontentofwildapplesvariedgreatly.C.Thesweetnessofmodernapplesisofthesamelevel.D.Fruitissweetbecausebitternessinithasdisappeared.11.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ModernorOld:WhichIsBetter? B.ModernFruit:SweetnessIsQuality.C.FruitIsSweeter:It’sNotaMisconception. D.MelbourneZoo:AnimalsStopEatingFruits.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】文章是說明文。文章主要講述了現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)使得現(xiàn)代水果比以前更甜?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“In2018,itwasreportedthatMelboumeZooinAustraliahadstoppedgivingfruittomostofitsanimalsbecausecultivatedfruitwasnowsosweetthatitwascausingtoothdecay(蛀牙)andweightgain.(據(jù)報(bào)道，2018年，澳大利亞墨爾本動物園已經(jīng)停止給大多數(shù)動物提供水果，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在種植的水果太甜了，會導(dǎo)致蛀牙和體重增加。)”可知現(xiàn)代水果對動物的牙齒有很大的危害，因此停止了給動物供應(yīng)水果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Amongfruitcultivators,theword“quality”isnowroutinelyusedasanequalfor“highinsugar”(thoughfirmness,colorandsizearealsoconsiderations).In2010,inanarticlelookingatwaystoenhancethesweetnessoffruitusing“molecuiar(分子的)approaches”,agroupofplantscientistsoftheRepublicofKoreawrotethat“ingeneral,thesugarcontent”ofmanyfruitsisnowhigherthanbefore“owingtocontinuousselectionandbreeding”.(在水果種植者中，“優(yōu)質(zhì)”這個(gè)詞現(xiàn)在通常被用作“高糖”的同義詞(盡管硬度、顏色和大小也要考慮在內(nèi))。2010年，韓國的一組植物科學(xué)家在一篇文章中探討了如何利用“分子方法”來提高水果的甜度，他們寫道，“總的來說，由于不斷的選擇和育種”，現(xiàn)在許多水果的“含糖量”比以前要高。)”可知，現(xiàn)代水果的甜度采用分子方法，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Thedifferenceisthattherewasmuchwidervariationinsugarcontentacrosswildapples,whereasthemodernsupermarketappleseldomdropsbelowacertainlevelofsweetness.(不同之處在于，野生蘋果的含糖量變化更大，而現(xiàn)代超市里的蘋果很少低于一定的甜度。)”可知野生蘋果的含糖量變化很大，故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Ismodernfruitcultivated(培育)tobesweeterthaninthepast?Theshortanswerisyes,thoughthelongeranswerismorecomplicated.(現(xiàn)代種植的水果比過去更甜嗎?簡短的回答是肯定的，但較長的回答更為復(fù)雜)”并通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)使得現(xiàn)代水果比以前更甜?？芍狢項(xiàng)“水果更甜：這不是一個(gè)誤解?！睘樽罴褬?biāo)題，故選C項(xiàng)。DNow,researchershavedevelopedaroboticlegwithartificialmuscles.Anewmuscle-poweredroboticlegisnotonlymoreenergyefficientthanaconventionalone,itcanalsoperformhighjumpsandfastmovementsaswellasdetectandreacttobarriers-allwithouttheneedforcomplexsensors.Theresearcherscomparedtheenergyefficiencyoftheirroboticlegwiththatofaconventionalroboticlegpoweredbyanelectricmotor.Theyanalyzedenergyconversiontoheat.“It’seasytoseethatthemotorisedlegconsumesmuchmoreenergyif,say,ithastoholdabentposition,”oneresearchercalledBuchnersays.Theelectro-hydraulic(電液的)leg’stemperatureremainsthesameasit’selectrostatic(靜電的).“It’sliketheexamplewiththeballoonandthehair,wherethehairstaysstucktotheballoonforquitealongtime,”Buchneradds.Electricmotorrobotsneedheatmanagement,butthissystemdoesn’t.Unlikeelectricmotorsthatneedsensors,theartificialmuscleadjustspositionthroughinteractionwiththeenvironment.Ithastwoinputsignals.“Whenapersonlandsafterjumpingintotheair,theydon’thavetothinkinadvanceaboutwhethertheyshouldbendtheirkneesata90-degreeora70-degreeangle.”Thesameprincipleappliestothesoftroboticleg’sinnersystem:uponlanding,thelegjointadaptivelymovesintoasuitableangledependingonwhetherthesurfaceishardorsoft.Keplinger,anotherBuchner’scolleague,says.“Comparedtowalkingrobotswithelectricmotors,oursystemisstilllimited.Thelegiscurrentlyattachedtoarod(桿),jumpsincirclesandcan’tyetmovefreely.”Futureworkshouldovercometheselimitations,openingthedoortodevelopingrealwalkingrobotswithartificialmuscles.Hefurtherexplains,“Ifwecombinetheroboticleginafour-legrobotorahumanoidrobotwithtwolegs,maybeoneday,whenitisbattery-powered,wecanuseitasarescuerobot.”12.Whatdoesparagraph1tellusabouttheroboticlegwithartificialmuscles?A.Itspotentialdrawbacks. B.Itscomplexsystems.C.Itsdistinctadvantages. D.Itswonderfulworkingprinciples.13.Whatdoesparagraph2focusonaboutthenewmuscle-poweredroboticleg?A.Itsadvantagesanddisadvantages. B.Itsheatmanagement.C.Itswayofcharging. D.Itsefficiency.14.Whatisparticularlyimportantforsoftroboticsaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Highadaptability. B.Softsurface. C.Reliableenergy. D.Inputsignals.15.WhatcanweinferfromKeplinger’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Technologychangesourunderstandingofrobots.B.Emergingtechnologyopensupnewpossibilities.C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarechangedbyrobots.D.Artificialmusclesensurethedisabledabrightfuture.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇科技說明文。文章介紹了研究人員開發(fā)的一種新型機(jī)器人腿，其使用人工肌肉，不僅能耗低，還具備出色的運(yùn)動表現(xiàn)和環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力。文中探討了這種機(jī)器人腿的能效、熱管理特點(diǎn)，以及其相比傳統(tǒng)電機(jī)驅(qū)動機(jī)器人腿的優(yōu)勢和潛在的應(yīng)用前景。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了其在開發(fā)真實(shí)步行機(jī)器人和特殊應(yīng)用（如救援機(jī)器人）中的潛力。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Anewmuscle-poweredroboticlegisnotonlymoreenergyefficientthanaconventionalone,itcanalsoperformhighjumpsandfastmovementsaswellasdetectandreacttobarriers-allwithouttheneedforcomplexsensors.(一種新的肌肉驅(qū)動的機(jī)器人腿不僅比傳統(tǒng)腿更節(jié)能，它還可以進(jìn)行跳高和快速運(yùn)動，以及檢測和應(yīng)對障礙物，而無需復(fù)雜的傳感器。)”可知，第一段這主要告訴我們的是新型肌肉驅(qū)動的機(jī)器人腿具有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Theresearcherscomparedtheenergyefficiencyoftheirroboticlegwiththatofaconventionalroboticlegpoweredbyanelectricmotor.Theyanalyzedenergyconversiontoheat.“It’seasytoseethatthemotorisedlegconsumesmuchmoreenergyif,say,ithastoholdabentposition,”oneresearchercalledBuchnersays.(研究人員將他們的機(jī)器人腿的能源效率與由電動機(jī)驅(qū)動的傳統(tǒng)機(jī)器人腿進(jìn)行了比較。他們分析了能量向熱量的轉(zhuǎn)換情況。一位名叫布赫納的研究人員說：“如果機(jī)械腿需要保持彎曲姿勢，那么很容易看出，電動機(jī)驅(qū)動的機(jī)械腿會消耗更多的能量?！?”和文章第二段中的“Electricmotorrobotsneedheatmanagement,butthissystemdoesn’t.(電動機(jī)器人需要熱管理，但這個(gè)系統(tǒng)不需要。)”可知，第二段主要講述了新型肌肉驅(qū)動的機(jī)器人腿在能量效率方面的優(yōu)勢，而且它不需要熱管理。故選D項(xiàng)。14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Thesameprincipleappliestothesoftroboticleg’sinnersystem:uponlanding,thelegjointadaptivelymovesintoasuitableangledependingonwhetherthesurfaceishardorsoft.(同樣的原理也適用于柔軟的機(jī)器人腿的內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)：著陸后，腿關(guān)節(jié)會根據(jù)表面是硬是軟自適應(yīng)地移動到合適的角度。)”可知，對于軟機(jī)器人來說，高度適應(yīng)性尤為重要，因?yàn)樗芨鶕?jù)環(huán)境變化自動調(diào)整位置。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Futureworkshouldovercometheselimitations,openingthedoortodevelopingrealwalkingrobotswithartificialmuscles.Hefurtherexplains,“Ifwecombinetheroboticleginafour-legrobotorahumanoidrobotwithtwolegs,maybeoneday,whenitisbattery-powered,wecanuseitasarescuerobot.”(未來的工作應(yīng)該克服這些局限性，為開發(fā)具有人造肌肉的真正行走機(jī)器人打開大門。他進(jìn)一步解釋說：“如果我們將機(jī)器人腿組合成四條腿的機(jī)器人或有兩條腿的人形機(jī)器人，也許有一天，當(dāng)它由電池供電時(shí)，我們可以將其用作救援機(jī)器人?！?”可知，新興技術(shù)為開發(fā)真正能夠行走的人工肌肉機(jī)器人打開了新的可能性，甚至有一天可以作為救援機(jī)器人使用。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Solarenergyhasemergedasacost-effectiveandenvironmentallyfriendlywaytopowerhomesandbusinesses.Ifyou’reconsideringgoingsolar,Amazonoffersaconvenientplatformtopurchasesolarpanels(太陽能板)andrelatedequipment.____16____Tohelpyoumakeaninformeddecision,herearesomeessentialtipsforchoosingthebestsolarpanels.____17____Beforedivingintotheworldofsolarpanels,it’scrucialtounderstandyourenergyneeds.Calculateyourdailyandmonthlyenergyconsumptiontodeterminethesizeofthesolarpanelsystemyou’llneed.Knowingyourenergyrequirementswillallowyoutoselecttherightnumberofpanels.Forthoselookingforportablesolarkits,theEFEcoFlowisoneoftherecommendedoptions.However,whengoingforthewholehouse,youneedtocalculateyourhomeneedsfirst.Consideryourbudget.____18____Setabudgetforyoursolarproject,includinginstallationcostsandanypotentialcost.Thisbudgetwillhelpnarrowdownyouroptionsandensurethatyoufindsolarpanelsthatarebothcost-effectiveandmeetyourenergyrequirements.Researchsolarpaneltypes.Therearetwomaintypesofsolarpanelsavailableonthemarket:monocrystalline(單晶)andpolycrystalline(多晶).Monocrystallinepanelsareknownfortheirhigherefficiency,buttheyaregenerallymoreexpensive.Polycrystallinepanelsaremorebudget-friendlyandofferslightlylowerefficiencybutarestilleffective.____19____ChoosingthebestsolarpanelsonAmazonrequirescarefulconsiderationofvariousfactors,fromyourenergyneedsandbudgettothepanel’sefficiencyandmanufacturer’sreputation.____20____Byfollowingthesetips,youcanmakeaninformedchoicethatnotonlybenefitsyourwalletbutalsotheenvironment.A.Evaluatecustomersupport.B.Determineyourenergyrequirements.CIt’sessentialtodoyourhomeworkbeforemakingyourdecision.D.Solarpanelpricescanvarywidelydependingonthebrand,technology,andefficiency.E.Researchtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachtodeterminewhichoneisbestsuitedforyou.F.Howeverwithsomanyoptionsavailable,selectingthebestsolarpanelscanbeatiringtask.G.Comparingthepricesofdifferentsolarpanelscanhelpidentifythebestvalueforyourbudget.【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是在亞馬遜上選擇最佳太陽能板的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵建議。【16題詳解】空前“Ifyou’reconsideringgoingsolar,Amazonoffersaconvenientplatformtopurchasesolarpanels(太陽能板)andrelatedequipment.(如果你正在考慮使用太陽能，亞馬遜提供了一個(gè)方便的平臺來購買太陽能電池板和相關(guān)設(shè)備。)”說明亞馬遜提供了買太陽能電池板和相關(guān)設(shè)備的平臺，空后“Tohelpyoumakeaninformeddecision,herearesomeessentialtipsforchoosingthebestsolarpanels.(為了幫助你做出明智的決定，這里有一些選擇最好的太陽能電池板的基本建議。)”說明買太陽能電池板的選擇很多，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“However,withsomanyoptionsavailable,selectingthebestsolarpanelscanbeatiringtask.(然而，有這么多的選擇，選擇最好的太陽能電池板可能是一項(xiàng)累人的任務(wù)。)”說明了太陽能電池板的選擇很多，承上啟下，符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】空格處是本段主旨句，由空后“Beforedivingintotheworldofsolarpanels,it’scrucialtounderstandyourenergyneeds.(在進(jìn)入太陽能電池板的世界之前，了解你的能源需求是至關(guān)重要的。)”可知，本段主要講的是要了解自己的能量需求，B選項(xiàng)“Determineyourenergyrequirements.(確定你的能量需求。)”概括了本段大意，可作為主旨句。故選B?！?8題詳解】由空后“Setabudgetforyoursolarproject,includinginstallationcostsandanypotentialcost.(為你的太陽能項(xiàng)目制定預(yù)算，包括安裝成本和任何潛在的成本。)”可知，本段在講價(jià)格的問題，D選項(xiàng)“Solarpanelpricescanvarywidelydependingonthebrand,technology,andefficiency.(太陽能電池板的價(jià)格會因品牌、技術(shù)和效率的不同而有很大差異。)”說明的是價(jià)格方面的內(nèi)容，符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】空前“Therearetwomaintypesofsolarpanelsavailableonthemarket:monocrystalline(單晶)andpolycrystalline(多晶).Monocrystallinepanelsareknownfortheirhigherefficiency,buttheyaregenerallymoreexpensive.Polycrystallinepanelsaremorebudget-friendlyandofferslightlylowerefficiencybutarestilleffective.(市場上有兩種主要類型的太陽能電池板：單晶和多晶。單晶面板以其更高的效率而聞名，但它們通常更昂貴。多晶面板更經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠，效率略低，但仍然有效。)”說明了兩種太陽能電池板的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，空格處應(yīng)該接著說應(yīng)該仔細(xì)了解它們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)來決定適合自己的，E選項(xiàng)“Researchtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachtodeterminewhichoneisbestsuitedforyou.(研究每一個(gè)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，以確定哪一個(gè)最適合你。)”說明了要研究每一種的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，然后決定最適合自己的，承接上文，符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】空前“ChoosingthebestsolarpanelsonAmazonrequirescarefulconsiderationofvariousfactors,fromyourenergyneedsandbudgettothepanel’sefficiencyandmanufacturer’sreputation.(在亞馬遜上選擇最好的太陽能電池板需要仔細(xì)考慮各種因素，從你的能源需求和預(yù)算到電池板的效率和制造商的聲譽(yù)。)”說明了選擇最好的太陽能電池板需要仔細(xì)考慮各種因素，空格處應(yīng)該再次強(qiáng)調(diào)買之前要仔細(xì)考慮，仔細(xì)研究，C選項(xiàng)“It’sessentialtodoyourhomeworkbeforemakingyourdecision.(在做決定之前做足功課是很重要的。)”說明了做決定之前很有必要仔細(xì)研究，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aroundtheturnofthe2010s,duringmycollegeyears,Iwasengagedina(n)____21____jobatthelibraryduringweekendsorholidays.Oneday,amanaccompaniedbyhisyoungsoncametothecounterto____22____alargenumberofeducationalpicturebookstothelibrary.Thebooksheborrowed____23____diversesubjects,whichrangedfromgeography,animalsandhistorytospaceandthesolarsystem.Judgingfromhis____24____,IguessedhewasofAfricanorigin.Obviously,theboyseemedtohavea(n)____25____forknowledge.Thefatherwaslikelyproudasnoteverychildofthat____26____showedsuchenthusiasmforreading.Thefathersharedthatathisson’sage,hehadno____27____tosuchbooks.Hewasnowlearningalongsidehisson,____28____itasablessing.Healsomentionedfactsabouttheplanets,expressingpityforPlutoduetoitssmallsize.Whenheplacedtheson’slibrarycardonthecounterforbook____29____,Inoticeditwasatypicalchildren’scard.I____30____thefatherthatanyonewithvalid（有效的）IDcould____31____alibrarycard.Hewasastonishedtolearnthatitwasfree.____32____,heshowedhispassport.Withhisnewlibrarycard,hecouldnowchoosemorebooks.Hegladlycalledhissonto____33____additionalbookssothathecouldlearnalongwithhim.This____34____remainsmymostcherishedone,whichiswhyIhaveafirmloveandsupportforlibraries.Ialso____35____thatknowledgeispower:ThePowerToDoGood.21.A.technical B.experimental C