卷07-閱讀理解(原卷版)

小題素養(yǎng)卷——培素養(yǎng)，穩(wěn)實(shí)力【小題小卷】沖刺2023年高考英語小題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)（解析版）專題07閱讀理解難度：★★★★☆建議用時(shí)：30分鐘正確率：/40閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。A應(yīng)用文(河南省名校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年上學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語試題)ForArtLoversWeAreWaterProtectorsCaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插圖)byMichaelaGoadeWaterislife!TheWaterProtectorsatStandingRockandbeyondhavebeenbattlingtodefendMotherEarth’ssacredwatertohonorourancestors,toprovideforourpeoplesandforfuturegenerations.Thispicturebook—seriously,it’sbreathtaking—waswrittenbyCaroleLindstromoftheTurtleMountainBandofOjibweandillustratedbyMichaelaGoade.(Forages3to6)AllBecauseYouMatterTamiCharles,illustratedbyBryanCollierFromthematteroftheuniversetoBlackLivesMatter,thisillustratedbookpullstogethertherealuniversetomakeitclearthatitsyoungreadersarespecialbeyondbelief.Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(Forages4to8)Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)CandaceFleming,illustratedbyEricRohmannAbeautifullyillustratedApismelliferapresentedintastyoilpaintscycles.Youngreadersgetafrontrowseattothenaturalworldwhilevividwordsintroducetheanxietyleadingtothebee’sfirstflight.Thinkeachbeehasjustonejob?Thinkagain.Beesholdavarietyofoccupationsduringtheirshort,lovelylives—andyouthoughtyouwerebusy!(Forages6to9)ThePlainJanesCecilCastellucciandJimRuggCecilCastellucciandJimRugg’schildrencomicaboutfourgirlartistsattractedreaderswhenitwasreleasedin2007.Now,inareissue(再版)thatincludestheoriginaltalesalongwithanewstory,Castellucciagesuphermessage.WhiletheJanes’liveshavegrownmorecomplicated,Castellucci’sthemeremainssincereand—inthesetryingtimes—somethingmanyofusstruggletokeepinmind.(Forages8to15)1．WhichbookdoesMichaelaGoadedrawfor?A．ThePlainJanes. B．AllBecauseYouMatter.C．WeAreWaterProtectors. D．Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera.2．WhogaveBryanColliertheinspirationtoillustrateforAllBecauseYouMatter?A．Hisfamilymember. B．Hisreaders.C．Himself. D．TamiCharles.3．Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A．Theyareaboutendangeredanimals.B．Theyaretargetedatartloversundersixteen.C．Theyhavebeenreleasedmorethanonce.D．Theycontributetoenvironmentalprotection.B記敘文(廣東省深圳市光明區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三第一次模擬考試)Thesetissimple:alittlefabric,achair,maybesomeflowers.Itsusersaremorecomplex:anAmericanmotherwhotakesherchildrentovisittheirMexicanfathereveryweekend,andanineyear-oldboywhowantsto“haveamemoryofustogether”beforehisfathergoesbacktoCalifornia.Theypausewhatthey’redoing.sitforaphoto,andleavewithaprintedcopy.BehindthecameraisAlexiaWebster.aSouthAfricanphotographerwhosetsupstreetstudiosaroundtheworld.AtStudioTransfronterizo,herprojectinTijuana,Mexico,passingcharactersofferalookatlifeontheworld’sbusiestlandborder.Everydaynearly100,000peoplelegallycrossfromTijuanatoSanDiego,California,attheSanYsidroborder.MorethanadecadeagoWebsterwasphotographingfortheUnitedNationsinarefugee(難民)campinKenyawhenamantoldherhe’dwatchedphotographersvisitfor15yearsbutdidn’thaveasinglepictureofhimselforhisfamily.ManyofWebster’ssubjectshadescapedfromwar,leavingpersonalarchives(檔案)behind.Onephotocouldhelpthemrebuild.In2011,withaprinterandatemporarystudioonacornerinCapeTown,SouthAfrica,Websterinvitedpeopletoposeforafreesession.Sheprintedtheirpicturesonthespot.“Primarilyit’sforthem,fortheirkids,theirgrandkids,theirlovers,theirfriends,”shesays.“It’sarecordofwhotheyare.”Websterhassinceputupstudiosinotherplaces,fromthestreetsofMumbai,IndiatoarefugeecampinSouthSudan.Shegivesfewinstructionsfrombehindthecamera.“Theideaoftheprojectisforpeopletorebuildtheirarchivesandreaffirmtheiridentity,”Webstersays.“Ilikethemtodeterminehowtheywanttheirphototobe.4．What’sAlexiaWebster’sjob?A．Takingphotosforpassers-by.B．Rescuingchildrenfromthewarzone.C．SellingcamerastotravelersfromAmerica.D．Offeringlegalhelptopeoplecrossingtheborder.5．WheredidAlexiaWebstersetupherfirststudio?A．InSouthAfrica. B．InMexico.C．InIndia. D．InSouthSudan.6．Whatisthepurposeofthestudios?A．Totrainyoungpeopleasprofessionalphotographers.B．Toofferpassers-byachancetoreclaimtheiridentity.C．Toprovidefreelegalconsultationforfamiliesinneed.D．Tohelprefugeesaroundtheworldtoescapefromwar.7．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Agovernmentdocument.C．Amagazine. D．Anovel.C說明文（2023屆江蘇省南京市第一中學(xué)高三第一次模擬考試英語試題）MetinSittiattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,andhiscolleagueshavedevelopedtinyrobotscalled“microrollers”thatcancarrycancerdrugsandselectivelytargethumanbreastcancercells.Theteamdrewinspirationforthedesignoftherobotsfromwhitebloodcellsinthehumanbody,whichcanmovealongthewallsofbloodvessels(血管)againstthedirectionofbloodflow.Themicrorollersareroundandmadefromglassmicroparticles.Onehalfoftherobotwascoatedwithathinmagneticnanofilm(磁性納米膜)madefromnickelandgold.Theotherhalfwascoatedwiththecancerdrugdoxorubicinaswellasmoleculesthatrecognizecancercells.Theteamtestedtherobotsusingmousebloodandartificialchannelslinedwithhumanendothelialcells—thekindofcellsthatlinetheinnerwallsofourbloodvessels.Therobotswereexposedtoamixtureofcancerousandhealthytissue.ThemicrorollersselectivelyattachedtothecancercellsandwereactivatedusingUVlighttoreleasethedoxorubicin.Byapplyingmagneticfields,theteamwasabletocontrolthemovementofthemicrorollers,bothwithandagainsttheflowofblood.Themicrorollerscanreachaspeedofupto600micrometerspersecond.“Ifyoucometoaspotwhereyouneedtotaketherightpathandifyoumissit,thenyoucouldgobackandgototherightone,”saysSetti.Infuture,theresearcherswanttouseothermethodstostartthedrugrelease,suchasheatornear-infraredlight.Theyalsoplantotrymakingmicrorollersoutofmaterialsthatwouldbreakdowninthebodyoverafewweeksormonths.Theteamhopestotestthemicrorollersinanimalssoon.“Therollersneedtocarryenoughcancerdrugs,whichiswhyweneedtohavetheminlargenumbers,”saysSetti.“Butsincewecanlocallytakedrugstotherighttarget,wedon’tneedhugedosages(劑量).”9．Whatcanthemicrorollersbeusedfor?A．Repairingbloodcells. B．Deliveringdrugs. C．Improvingbloodflow. D．Performingoperations.10．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutthemicrorollers?A．Theirshape. B．Theiradvantage. C．Theirdesign. D．Theirapplication.11．WhatcanwelearnabouttherobotsfromParagraph4?A．Theirdirectioncanbeadjusted. B．Theymightmissthetargetcells.C．Theymightgetstuckintheblood. D．Theirspeedcanchangeautomatically.12．Whatwillthescientistsprobablydonext?A．Putthemicrorollerstoclinicaluse. B．Sellthemicrorollersinlargequantities.C．Tearthemicrorollersdowninthebody. D．Experimentwiththemicrorollersfurther.D議論文(2022屆東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體高考模擬)Summer'shereanditwon'tbelongbeforeschool-agedkidsacrossAmericastartcomplainingthatthey'retiredofridingtheirbikes,playingatthepark,swimminginthepoolandalltheotherawesomeactivitiestheirparentshopedwouldkeepthementertainedforthenext10weeks.Suchrapid—onsetboredomcouldindicatethatthekidshaveamazingpowersofrecall.Becauseanewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort—termmemoryis,thefasteryoufeelsatedanddecideyou'vehadenough.ThefindingsappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.“Thoughsatiationcanbephysical,likewhenyoufeelfullaftereatingtoomuch,wewereinterestedinthepsychologicalsideofsatiation.Likewhenyou'rejusttiredofsomething.”NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityofKansasSchoolofBusiness.SheandhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatriedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox.“Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeoplegettiredofsamethingsatverydifferentrates.Soifyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Butalotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs.”Thedifferencemighthavetodowithmemoriesofpastconsumption.Forexample,studiesshowthatpeoplepushawayfromthedinnertablesoonerwhenthey'reaskedtodescribeindetailwhattheyateearlierforlunch.Thefindingssuggestthatmarketerscoulduseourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaystodistract(使分心)usandkeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrickourselvesinto