上海頂尖名校期中預測卷02-新高考英語一輪總復習（上海專用）（解析版）

PAGE1PAGE2上海頂尖名校期中預測卷02（解析版）學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ写笸袑W?？奸_學考試）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Imagineforamomentthatyourunbornchildhasararegeneticdisorder.Not1atleastvaguelyfamiliar,suchassickle-cellanaemiaorcysticfibrosis,butratheracondition2(bury)deepwithinthemedicaldictionary.Adrenoleukodystrophy,maybe.OrEhlers-Danlossyndrome.Wouldyou,whenyourchildisborn,wanttoknowaboutit?Ifeffectivetreatmentswereavailable,youprobablywould.Butifnot?Iftheoutcomewerefatal,wouldyourinterestinknowingaboutitdependonwhetheryournewbornhadfiveyearsoflife3(look)forwardto,orten?Or30?Todaythesequestionsaremostlyhypothetical.Preciselybecausetheyarerare,suchdisordersareseldomnoticedatbirth.Theymanifest(顯現(xiàn))themselvesonlygradually,andoftenwithunpredictableseverity.Butthatmaysoonchange.Twentyyearsafterthefirsthumangenome4(map),thepriceofwhole-genomesequencinghasfallentoapoint5itcould,inrichcountriesatleast,beofferedroutinelytonewborns.Parentswillthenhavetodecideexactlyhowmuchtheywanttoknow.Earlydiagnosisbringswithitthepossibilityofearlytreatment.Moreover,sequencingthegenomesofnewbornscouldofferalifetimeofreturns.Apatient’sgenomemayreveal6drugswillworkbestinhisorherparticularcaseforconditionssuchasADHD,depressionandcancer.Combinedwithinformationaboutsomeone’swayoflife,itcouldhighlighteasilyneglectedhealthriskssuchascancersandcardiovasculardisease,leadingtobetterpreventivemeasures.Adatabaseofgenomes,7(match)tolivingpeople,wouldbeabenefittomedicalresearch.Thefruitsofthatresearch,inturn,wouldmakethosegenomesmoreusefultotheirownersastimegoeson.Suchapowerfulnewtechnologycreatenewdangers.Widespreadscreeningforthousandsofpotentiallyharmfulgenesmaybecounterproductive:someresultsmayworryparentsunnecessarily,becausesomegeneticvariations,8occasionallyindicativeofdisease,arenotstronglyso.Parentsmaynotwanttounlockallthesecretsthattheirnewborn’sgenomemightreveal.Somemayindeedprefernottoknowaboutconditionsthatcannotbetreated.Adult-onsetillnessesposeadifferentdilemma—areasonablepositionisthatit9beuptothechildrenthemselves,oncegrown,todecidewhethertheywanttolookattheirgenomicinformation.Afurtherconcernisthatdatawillnotbekeptsecure,andmaybeleakedorotherwisemisused10somepointinthefuture.【答案】1．something2．buried3．tolook4．wasmapped5．where6．which7．matched8．though9．should10．a(chǎn)t【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了某些疾病難以預測，但在第一個人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測序的價格已經(jīng)下降到可以（至少在富裕國家）常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。與活人相匹配的基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫將有利于醫(yī)學研究。1．考查代詞。句意：至少不是一些似曾相識的疾病，比如鐮狀細胞貧血癥或囊性纖維化，而是一種深深植根于醫(yī)學詞典中的疾病。根據(jù)句意可知，表示一些，應用不定代詞something。故填something。2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：不是像鐮狀細胞貧血或囊性纖維化這樣的稍微熟悉的疾病，而是深埋在醫(yī)學詞典中的一種疾病。分析句子結構可知bury與邏輯主語condition構成被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填buried。3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果結果是致命的，你是否有興趣知道它取決于你的新生兒的壽命是5年還是10年？或30年？此處為have+賓語+賓補結構，且表示將來的動作應用不定式。故填tolook。4．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在第一個人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測序的價格已經(jīng)下降到可以(至少在富裕國家)常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。主語與謂語構成被動關系，根據(jù)上文Twentyyearsafter可知動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語為thefirsthumangenome，謂語用單數(shù)。故填wasmapped。5．考查定語從句。句意：在第一個人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測序的價格已經(jīng)下降到可以(至少在富裕國家)常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。定語從句修飾先行詞point，在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。6．考查賓語從句。句意：病人的基因組可能會揭示哪種藥物對他或她的特殊情況最有效，比如多動癥、抑郁癥和癌癥。結合有關某人生活方式的信息，它可以突出容易被忽視的健康風險，如癌癥和心血管疾病，從而導致更好的預防措施。引導賓語從句，從句中表示“哪一種藥物”應用which。故填which。7．考查非謂語動詞。句意：與活人相匹配的基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫將有利于醫(yī)學研究。分析句子結構可知match與邏輯主語Adatabaseofgenomes構成被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填matched。8．考查狀語從句。句意：對數(shù)千種潛在有害基因的廣泛篩查可能會適得其反：一些結果可能會讓父母不必要地擔心，因為一些基因變異雖然偶爾預示著疾病，但并不強烈。引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”應用though。故填though。9．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：成人發(fā)病的疾病帶來了不同的困境——一個合理的立場是，應該由孩子們自己決定，一旦長大，他們是否想要查看自己的基因組信息。后文be為動詞原形，結合句意“應該”可知應用情態(tài)動詞should。故填should。10．考查介詞。句意：更令人擔憂的是，數(shù)據(jù)將不會保持安全，并且可能在將來的某個時候泄露或以其他方式被濫用。結合句意表示“在某個時候”應用atsomepoint。故填at。SectionBDirections:（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾＝淮蟾街行？奸_學考試）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．a(chǎn)ward

B．house

C．hit

D．namely

E．specifically

F．grabbedG．traded

H．gang

I．bar

J．principled

K．transmissionAmericanauthoritiesarrestedMasphalKry,anofficialinCambodia’sforestryadministration,lastNovemberwhenhewasheadingtoaninternationalmeetingabouttraderegulationsforendangeredspeciesinPanama.Prosecutorsaccusedhimofconspiringwithasmugglingring.Thecontraband(違禁品):monkeys,11long-tailedmacaques.His12allegedlygrabbedwildmacaquesinCambodia’snationalparksandbribedofficialstolabelthemascaptive-bred.FakepapersallowedVannyBioResearch,aCambodianpharmacompany,toshiptheseunfortunateprimates(靈長類動物)toAmericaforuseinresearch.MrKryisfacingtrialinFlorida’sSouthernDistrictCourt.ThefederalgovernmentfundssevenNationalPrimateResearchCentres(NPRCs),which13intotalaround20,000primates,notonlymacaquesbutalsobaboonsandmarmosets.Thesecentresthen14primatestolabsacrossAmerica.NPRCshavefulfilledonlyathirdofrequestsforuntested-onmacaquesin2021andpriceshavesoared.Beforethecovid-19pandemicarhesusmacaquecost$8,000;by2022theyhad15$24,000.Anotherspecies,long-tailmacaques,isprobablyperpoundcurrentlythemostexpensive16wildlife,saysLisaJones-Engel,ascienceadviseratPETA,ananimal-rightsgroup.Gettinglabmonkeysfromabroadbecameharderduringthepandemic.Chineseauthoritiesbannedtheexportofallprimatesinearly2020.TheChinesegovernmentwantedto17thecountry’swildlifetrade,whichisthoughttoencouragethe18ofpathogens—likesars-cov-2—fromanimalstohumans.ThatforcedAmericancompaniestorelyonless19South-EastAsiansuppliers.ManyscientistsbelievepoachingisprevalentacrossCambodia.InFebruary,theDepartmentofJusticesubpoenaedCharlesRiverover1,000juvenilemacaquesthepharmaceuticalcompanyhadboughtfromCambodia;theDoJsuspectedtheywere20inthewildthenexported.TheseprimatesarenowinTexasandMarylandbutalsoindilemma:theycannotbetestedon,norcantheybeflownbacktoCambodia.【答案】11．E12．H13．B14．A15．C16．G17．I18．K19．J20．F【導語】本文是新聞報道。本文報道了美國當局在2020年逮捕了柬埔寨官員和走私集團，涉嫌走私長尾猴。文章還討論了美國靈長類動物研究中心的現(xiàn)狀以及從國外獲取實驗室猴的困難。此外，文章還提到了中國禁止靈長類動物出口和某制藥公司涉嫌從柬埔寨購買幼年長尾獼猴的案件。整篇文章展示了靈長類動物走私和實驗室猴供應的問題。11．考查副詞。句意：違禁品：猴子，特別是長尾獼猴。分析句子結構可知，空處應是副詞做狀語，修飾后文long-tailedmacaques，所以specifically意為“特別是”符合語境。故選E項。12．考查名詞。句意：據(jù)稱，他的團伙在柬埔寨國家公園捕獲野生獼猴，并賄賂官員，讓他們給這些獼猴貼上圈養(yǎng)繁殖的標簽。分析句子結構可知，空前是形容詞性物主代詞，所以空處應填名詞作主語，gang意為“團伙”符合語境。故選H項。13．考查動詞。句意：聯(lián)邦政府資助了7個國家靈長類動物研究中心(nprc)，總共飼養(yǎng)了大約2萬只靈長類動物，不僅有獼猴，還有狒狒和狨猴。分析句子結構可知，本句是which引導的非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少謂語動詞，所以空處應填動詞，house意為“安置”符合語境。故選B項。14．考查動詞。句意：然后這些中心將靈長類動物授予美國各地的實驗室。分析句子結構可知，本句缺少謂語把動詞，所以空處應填動詞，award意為“授予”符合語境。故選A項。15．考查動詞。句意：在2019冠狀病毒病大流行之前，一只恒河猴的價格為8000美元；到2022年，這一價格已達到2.4萬美元。分析句子結構可知，此處用過去完成時，空前已有had，所以空處應填動詞過去分詞形式，hit意為“到達”為過去分詞形式，符合語境。故選C項。16．考查形容詞。句意：動物權利組織善待動物組織(PETA)的科學顧問麗莎·瓊斯-恩格爾(LisaJones-Engel)說，另一種物種，長尾獼猴，可能是目前交易中每磅最昂貴的野生動物。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應填形容詞，traded意為“被交易的”符合語境。故選G項。17．考查動詞。句意：中國政府希望禁止該國的野生動物貿(mào)易，因為人們認為野生動物貿(mào)易會鼓勵像sars-cov-2這樣的病原體從動物傳播給人類。分析句子結構可知，空前的to是不定式的標志，所以空處應填動詞原形，bar意為“禁止”符合語境。故選I項。18．考查名詞。句意：中國政府希望禁止該國的野生動物貿(mào)易，因為人們認為野生動物貿(mào)易會鼓勵像sars-cov-2這樣的病原體從動物傳播給人類。分析句子結構可知，空前是冠詞，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，transmission意為“傳染”符合語境。故選K項。19．考查形容詞。句意：這迫使美國公司依賴不那么有原則的東南亞供應商。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞，所以恐嚇粗應填形容詞作定語，principled意為“有原則的”符合語境。故選J項。20．考查動詞。句意：今年2月，美國司法部傳喚了查爾斯河制藥公司從柬埔寨購買的1000多只獼猴幼崽；司法部懷疑這些獼猴是在野外捕獲的，然后出口。分析句子結構，根據(jù)句意可知，grabbed意為“抓住”和空前的be動詞構成被動語態(tài)，表達“被抓”之意，符合語境。故選F項。ReadingComprehension(21–35題，每題1分；36–50題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023·高三上海市楊浦高級中學校考階段練習）CorporateAmericaisstrugglingtoadapttoGenZInrecentmonths,thepaymentscompanyVisahasquietlystartedtooffercustomersanewfeature:adigitaltoolthatletsthemcapspendinginapersonalizedway,forexampleby21thebillatcoffeebarstoapresetlimiteachweek.Nothingoddaboutthat,youmightthink.Withinflation(通貨膨脹)weakeninghousehold22,andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS,consumershavereasonstodoso.Butlookalittlecloser,andthereisatwist:Visa’smoveispartlysparkedbyanurgeto23thebehaviourof“GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.“GenZwantscontrol,”explainsCharlotteHogg,chiefexecutiveofVisaEurope,whosaysthecompanyis24tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.Sincemostbusinessleaderstodayare“babyboomers,”ormembersof“GenX”,(born,thatis,between1946and1964,or1965and1980,respectively),manyfeelconfusedbyGenZ,andassumetheyare25to“millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).Thisassumptionisnotentirelywrong.ArecentstudybytheconsultancyOliverWyman,which26150,000GenZ-ersovertwoyears,showsthatthisgenerationcaresfarmoredeeplyaboutsocialandenvironmentalissuesthantheirelders,andexpectsdigitaland“real-world”experiencestobe27,astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.Inthisrespect,theyaresimilartomillennials.28,GenZhasahigherrateofself-reportedmentalhealthissuesthanmillennials,anditsmembersprefertogettheirinformationfrom29ratherthanauthorityfigures.Thesefindings,which30similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnativeswhoseliveshavebeenshapedbythe31oftheglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.ButthemoststrikingissuethatdefinesGenZissomethingelse:32.Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto33everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice34.ToGenZtheideaofacceptingpreselectedrolesorconsumptionpackagesfeelsas35asonlylisteningtomusicontheradiopickedbysomebodyelse.Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.21．A．a(chǎn)pplying B．restricting C．consuming D．a(chǎn)ccepting22．A．budgets B．names C．goods D．bills23．A．givewayto B．makesenseof C．comeupwith D．takeadvantageof24．A．leisurely B．ultimately C．urgently D．reluctantly25．A．prior B．contrary C．familiar D．identical26．A．tracked B．tended C．selected D．a(chǎn)ttained27．A．supervised B．connected C．generated D．separated28．A．However B．Likewise C．Consequently D．Furthermore29．A．schoolteachers B．onlinepeers C．familymembers D．newsanchors30．A．modify B．review C．echo D．oppose31．A．outlets B．upgrades C．forecasts D．a(chǎn)ftershocks32．A．inspiration B．innovation C．identification D．personalization33．A．tackle B．customize C．a(chǎn)ccess D．a(chǎn)uthorize34．A．rules B．a(chǎn)rises C．fulfills D．fades35．A．dynamic B．casual C．outdated D．unconventional【答案】21．B22．A23．B24．C25．D26．A27．B28．A29．B30．C31．D32．D33．B34．A35．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國企業(yè)正在努力適應Z世代。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最近幾個月，支付公司Visa悄悄開始向客戶提供一項新功能:一種數(shù)字工具，讓他們以個性化的方式限制支出，例如將每周在咖啡館的賬單限制在預設的上限。A.applying申請；B.restricting限制；C.consuming消費；D.accepting接受。根據(jù)下文“toapresetlimiteachweek”可知，此處指限制賬單。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于通脹削弱了家庭預算，而美國等國的信用卡債務處于創(chuàng)紀錄高位，消費者有理由這樣做。A.budgets預算；B.names姓名；C.goods貨物；D.bills賬單。根據(jù)下文“andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS”可知，此處指通脹削弱了家庭預算。故選A。23．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但仔細看看，會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個轉折：Visa此舉在一定程度上是出于理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群體）行為的沖動。A.givewayto讓位于；B.makesenseof理解；C.comeupwith想出；D.takeadvantageof利用。根據(jù)下文“thebehaviourof‘GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.”可知，此處指理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群體）行為的沖動。故選B。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“Z世代想要掌控一切，”Visa歐洲首席執(zhí)行官夏洛特·霍格解釋說，她表示，該公司正迫切試圖弄清楚這些青少年和年輕人的思維和行為方式。A.leisurely悠閑地；B.ultimately最終；C.urgently迫切地；D.reluctantly勉強地。根據(jù)下文“tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.”及常識可知，公司要想適應Z世代，需要迫切弄清楚這些青少年和年輕人的思維和行為方式。故選C。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于今天的大多數(shù)商業(yè)領袖都是“嬰兒潮一代”，或“X世代”(分別出生于1946年至1964年或1965年至1980年之間)，許多人對Z世代感到困惑，并認為他們與“千禧一代”(或生于1981年至1996年之間)相同。A.prior優(yōu)先的；B.contrary相反的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.identical相同的。根據(jù)上文““GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012”及下文““millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).”可知，許多X世代的人對Z世代感到困惑，認為他們與“千禧一代”相同。故選D。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一項研究對15萬Z世代進行了兩年多的跟蹤調查，結果顯示，這一代人對社會和環(huán)境問題的關心遠遠超過他們的長輩，并期望將數(shù)字體驗和“現(xiàn)實世界”體驗聯(lián)系起來，因為他們在比前幾代人更多的科技環(huán)境中長大。A.tracked跟蹤；B.tended傾向；C.selected選擇；D.attained獲得。根據(jù)下文“overtwoyears”可知，此處指兩年多的跟蹤調查。故選A。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一項研究對15萬Z世代進行了兩年多的跟蹤調查，結果顯示，這一代人對社會和環(huán)境問題的關心遠遠超過他們的長輩，并期望將數(shù)字體驗和“現(xiàn)實世界”體驗聯(lián)系起來，因為他們在比前幾代人更多的科技環(huán)境中長大。A.supervised監(jiān)督；B.connected連接；C.generated生成；D.separated分離。根據(jù)下文“astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.”可知，此處指Z世代期望將數(shù)字體驗和“現(xiàn)實世界”體驗聯(lián)系起來。故選B。28．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我報告心理健康問題的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權威人士那里獲取信息。A.However然而；B.Likewise同樣；C.Consequently因此；D.Furthermore此外。前后句意存在轉折關系，應用轉折副詞。故選A。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我報告心理健康問題的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權威人士那里獲取信息。A.schoolteachers學校教師；B.onlinepeers網(wǎng)上同齡人；C.familymembers家庭成員；D.newsanchors新聞主播。根據(jù)下文“ratherthanauthorityfigures”可知，Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權威人士那里獲取信息。故選B。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應，無疑反映了這樣一個事實：Z世代是數(shù)字原住民，他們的生活受到全球金融危機、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭的余震影響。A.modify修改；B.review審查；C.echo產(chǎn)生回響；D.oppose反對。根據(jù)下文“similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnatives”可知，此處指新的發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應，無疑反映了這樣一個事實：Z世代是數(shù)字原住民，他們的生活受到全球金融危機、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭的余震影響。A.outlets插座；B.upgrades升級；C.forecasts預測；D.aftershocks余震。根據(jù)下文“theglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.”及常識可知，此處指Z世代受到了現(xiàn)在全球金融危機、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭產(chǎn)生的余震影響。故選D。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但定義Z世代的最引人注目的問題是另一件事：個性化。A.inspiration靈感；B.innovation創(chuàng)新；C.identification識別；D.personalization個性化。根據(jù)下文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，Z世代個性化很強。故選D。33．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：習慣了數(shù)字化和智能手機，他們認為定制一切是完全正常和可取的——從他們的音樂、媒體、食物和假期到他們的政治、性別認同和工作方式。A.tackle解決；B.customize定制；C.access訪問；D.authorize授權。根據(jù)下文“Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.”可知，Z世代認為定制一切是完全正常和可取的。故選B。34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把這個時代稱為“P世代”(GenP)，這個時代導致了一種“自選混合”(pick’n’mix)或“播放列表”(playlist)生活方式的興起，在這種生活方式中，個人選擇占據(jù)首要地位。A.rules占首要地位；B.arises出現(xiàn)；C.fulfills履行；D.fades褪色。根據(jù)上文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，個人選擇占據(jù)首要地位。故選A。35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于Z世代來說，接受預先選定的角色或消費套餐的想法就像只聽別人挑選的收音機里的音樂一樣過時。A.dynamic精力充沛的；B.casual隨便的；C.outdated過時的；D.unconventional不因循守舊的。根據(jù)上文“Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice14.”可知，對應Z世代而言，個人選擇占據(jù)首要地位，接受預先選定的角色或消費套餐的想法就像只聽別人挑選的收音機里的音樂一樣過時。故選C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2023·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ写笸袑W?？茧A段練習）ArthurConanDoyleArthurConanDoyleisaniconofBritishliterature,worldrenownedforhiscrimefictioncreation,“SherlockHolmes”.Hisabilitytocreateexcitingstoriesfilledwithmysterystillresonateswithreaderstoday,andmodernreincarnations(再生)inbothfilmandtelevisionmeanHolmesisaspopularasever.Thecreationofsuchanextraordinaryworldwouldbeanimpossibletaskformost,sowheredidDoylefindtheinspirationsbehinditsconception?Thetopics,charactersandeventsthatunfoldwithinDoyle’screationsmayseemfarremovedfromyouorI,butforArthur,theyweremuchclosertohome.ThemaininspirationforHolmeswasArthur’sprofessoratEdinburghMedicalSchool,Dr.JosephBell.Thedoctor,armedwithfantasticscientificknowledgeandremarkableabilitiesinobservationanddeduction(演繹),wouldknowsomeone’soccupationandhabitsfromthetiniestdetails.Ononeoccasion,heshockedhisclassbydeducingtheoccupationofapatientsimplyfromhisaccent,schedule,andhands.Additionally,workingwithmurderinvestigations,illnessesanddeadbodiesthroughhisstudies,Doylebecameveryknowledgeableaboutthisarea.Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories,soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.HolmesandMoriartyplungetotheirdeathsattheReichenbachFallsandSherlockHolmeswasfinished.But,aswithanyHolmestale,thereisatwist!FanswereextremlyangryandcanceledtheirsubscriptionsforTheStrandMagazineinrecordnumbers.ThecontinuouspressurefromfansandpublishersfinallyledDoyletopublishanewstory,TheHoundofBaskervilles,in1901.This,however,wassetbeforethedeathofSherlocksothecompleteresurrection(復活)happenedin1903,withTheAdventureoftheEmptyHouse,inwhichitisrevealedthatonlyMoriartyfellandHolmesfakedhisdeath.36．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmesmadeDoyleinstantfamous.B．TheinventionoffilmandtelevisionhashelpedtopromoteSherlockHolmes.C．DoylefoundinspirationmainlyfromDr.JosephBellandhisteacherinschool.D．Doyle’swritingcapabilitieswaslongrecognizedbyhispeers.37．WhydidDoylefeelfrustratedwithSherlockHolmes?A．ThecharacterwasnotaskeenasDr.JosephBell.B．Hecouldn’tmakemuchmoneyfromthebook.C．Thebookkepthimfromwritingseriousliterature.D．Hewasattackedbythefansofthebook.38．Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A．Doyledidn’tshowtalentforwritinguntilhemetDr.JosephBell.B．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmeswasbitter-sweettoDoyle.C．ManymoviesareadaptedfromthestoryofSherlockHolmes.D．DoylewasinvolvedinmurderinvestigationsinordertowriteSherlockHolmes.39．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．a(chǎn)bookletofDoylemuseum B．a(chǎn)websiteforfansofHolmesC．a(chǎn)literarymagazine D．a(chǎn)nacademicreport【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作家柯南·道爾和他的《福爾摩斯》系列作品，道爾的創(chuàng)作靈感源于他的大學教授，他從學校開始便展露出眾的寫作天賦，《福爾摩斯》的成功帶給道爾的并不都是幸福，還有因為無法創(chuàng)作嚴肅文學作品的沮喪，他因此結束了主角福爾摩斯的生命，但是因書迷們的反抗，后來又讓主角復活了。36．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories（從學校開始，道爾作為一個作家的天賦就很明顯，因為同學們給他糖果，只是為了讓他繼續(xù)寫他的故事）”可知，道爾的同學們都認可他出眾的寫作天賦，會給他糖果希望他保持創(chuàng)作。故選D項。37．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.（道爾認為夏洛克會讓他遠離嚴肅的文學作品，這也是他在《最后一案》中殺死夏洛克的原因。）”可知，道爾之所以對夏洛克·福爾摩斯感到失望，是因為這個角色的受歡迎讓他無法創(chuàng)作嚴肅的文學作品。故選C項。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“…soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?（所以你會認為夏洛克在全國舞臺上的成功給道爾帶來了巨大的幸福，對吧?）”和第四段中“Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”（嗯，不完全是。很少有人知道道爾很快就對這個角色感到沮喪。雖然他對自己的工作評價很高，但他實際上覺得自己的事業(yè)已經(jīng)“脫軌了”，他寫信給母親說：“我必須把心思放在更好的事情上?！保笨芍断穆蹇恕じ柲λ埂返木薮蟪晒Ыo道爾的并不完全都是幸福，雖然他對自己的工作評價很高，但他也意識到這讓他無法創(chuàng)作嚴肅文學，因此感到沮喪。因此，夏洛克·福爾摩斯的成功對于道爾而言是悲喜交加的。故選B項。39．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了作家柯南·道爾和他的《福爾摩斯》系列作品，道爾的創(chuàng)作靈感源于他的大學教授，他從學校開始便展露出眾的寫作天賦，《福爾摩斯》的成功帶給道爾的并不都是幸福，還有因為無法創(chuàng)作嚴肅文學作品的沮喪，他因此結束了主角福爾摩斯的生命，但是因書迷們的反抗，后來又讓主角復活了。文章在介紹作家的同時，涉及了作品的相關趣事，相對來說比較客觀，但并沒有那么專業(yè)和艱深，所以應該出自一本文學雜志，而非道爾博物館的小冊子、福爾摩斯迷的網(wǎng)站、學術報告。故選C項。（B）（2023·上海徐匯·統(tǒng)考二模）WHATISSCIENCEGAMES?Withafocusoncollaboration,connection,discovery,andfun,studentsinBritishColumbiawillhaveanopportunitytoparticipateina3-weeksciencejourneyinJuly2023!AtScienceGames,studentsfromGrades1–6acrossBCexploresciencefirst-handinanonlinegroupledbyengineersandgeoscientists.Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.Divingdeepintotheworldofinnovation,participantswillconnectwithotherlike-mindedstudentsandworktogetheronlinetocreatetheirownsolutionsduringeachSaturdayactivitysession.2023VIRTUALPROGRAMSCHEDULEDateDivision1(Grades1–3)Division2(Grades4–6)July15,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly22,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly29,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PM2023SCIENCEGAMESREGISTRATIONToparticipateinthesesessions,yourchildmustbesignedupasa2023ScienceGamesparticipantandpaya$25+GSTregistrationfee.Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.Parents/Guardianscanregistertheirchild/childrenas:IndividualParticipantsGroupParticipantsPleasenote:Youcangroupregistrationswithagroupcode.Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.ScienceGamesparticipantswillalsoreceiveapackagefromEngineersandGeoscientistsBCattheendofJune.ThispackageincludesitemsthatarenecessaryforparticipationinaparticularScienceGamesactivity.HaveanyotherquestionsaboutScienceGames2023?Emailusatsciencegames@egbc.ca.40．Accordingtotheinformationabove,ScienceGamesismostprobably________.A．a(chǎn)sciencewebsite B．a(chǎn)packageofgamesC．a(chǎn)nonlineprogram D．a(chǎn)groupcompetition41．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bursary”probablymean?A．Admission. B．Reward. C．Budget. D．Scholarship.42．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutScienceGames?A．Eachsessionofthevirtualprogramwilllasttwohours.B．Studentswillconducthands-onexperimentswithscientists.C．Parentsneedtoprepareactivitymaterialsfortheirchildren.D．Eachregistrationgroupcanhavenomorethan3participants.【答案】40．C41．D42．D【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一項在線活動——科學游戲。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一框第二段中“Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.(這個在線舉辦的互動活動讓學生有機會調查科學如何影響他們的日常生活)”可知，ScienceGames最有可能是在線活動。故選C項。41．詞句猜測題。劃線詞句后文“TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.(網(wǎng)上科學游戲助學金申請表將于報名時提供)”以及本句中“forareducedrate(以降低費率)”說明網(wǎng)上科學游戲可以申請助學金，這樣能降低費用，從而推知劃線詞句“Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.(如果你參加2023年科學運動會有經(jīng)濟障礙，你可以申請bursary，以降低費率)”其中劃線短語應為“助學金”的意思。故選D項。42．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二框第一段中“Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.(小組人數(shù)最多為3人，因此你只能與其他2名科學游戲參與者分享你的代碼)”可知，每個注冊組的參與者不超過3人。故選D項。（C）（2023·上?！ど虾Ｊ忻褶k文綺中學校考三模）Backin1964,inhisbookGamesPeoplePlay,psychiatristEricBernedescribedapatternofconversationhecalled“WhyDon’tYou—YesBut”,whichremainsoneofthemostannoyingaspectsofeverydaysociallife.Thepersonadoptingthestrategyisusuallyachroniccomplainer.Somethingisterribleabouttheirrelationship,job,orothersituation,andtheycomplainaboutitendlessly,butfindsomeexcusetodismissanysolutionthat’sproposed.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatonsomeleveltheydon’twantasolution;theywanttobevalidated(認可)intheirpositionthattheworldisouttogetthem.Iftheycan“win”thegame—dismissingeverysuggestionuntilinterlocutor(對話者)givesupinannoyance—theygettofeelpleasurablyrighteous(正當?shù)?intheirangerandexcusedfromanyobligationtochange.Partofthetroublehereistheso-calledresponsibility/faultfallacy(謬誤).Whenyou’refeelingharddoneby—takenforgrantedbyyourpartner,say,orobligedtoworkforastupidboss—it’seasytobecomeattachedtothepositionthatit’snotyourjobtoaddressthematter,andthatdoingsowouldbeanadmissionoffault.Butthere’saconfusionhere.Forexample,ifIweretodiscoveranewbornatmyfrontdoor,itwouldn’tbemyfault,butitmostcertainlywouldbemyresponsibility.Therewouldbechoicestomake,andnopossibilityofavoidingthem,sincetryingtoignorethematterwouldbeachoice.Thepointisthatwhatgoesforthebabyonthedoorstepistrueinallcases:eveniftheotherpersonis100%inthewrong,there’snothingtobegained,long-term,fromusingthisasajustificationtoevaderesponsibility.Shouldyoufindyourselfonthereceivingendofthiskindofcomplaining,there’sacleverwaytoshutitdown—whichistoagreewithit.PsychotherapistLoriGottliebdescribesthisas“over-validation”.Foronething,you’llbesparedfurthercomplaining,sincetheotherperson’smotivationwastoconfirmherbeliefs,andnowyou’reconfirmingthem.Butforanother,asGottliebnotes,peopleconfrontedwithover-validationoftenheartheircomplaintsafreshandstartarguingback.Theconceptthatthey’reutterlypowerlesssuddenlysee