2021年高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解+完形填空+讀后續(xù)寫+七選五+應(yīng)用文寫作 試題匯編（含答案解析）

2021年高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解+完形填空+讀后續(xù)寫+

七選五十應(yīng)用文寫作試題精選匯編

閱讀理解試題精選匯編

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題25分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Soyou'regoingtotheroyalwedding!Let'sreviewachecklistofeverythingyou'llneedtoknow.

Whattowearattheceremony

Didyougetyourfascinatoryet?That'satrickquestionbecauseyouprobablydon'tevenknow

whatafascinatoris.Royaldresscodeetiquette（禮儀）statesthatwomenmustwearhatsfbrformal

events,andfascinatorsarethepreferredaccessory（酉己飾）.Thesefunnyhatsboastalargedecorative

design.Ifyouhaven'tpackedone,noworries.Simplyglueacabbagetothesideofyourhead.Noone

willbethewiser,andyoucanalwayssnackonyourfascinatorshouldtheweddingceremonydragon.

Gentlemenareexpectedtowearmorningcoatsandtophats.Royalswilllikelyweartheirmilitary

uniforms.

Meetingtheroyals

Men,whengreetingtheroyals,asimplebowwilldo.Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou're

examiningthecarpetforanymedalstheymighthavedropped.Thisisaslightneckbow.Women

performacurtsy.Simplyputonelegbehindtheother,bendyourknees,bowyourheadslightlyandfall

overbecauseyou'veneverdonethisbefore.

Chattingupthequeen

Thefirstruleoftalkingtothequeen:Don'ttalk.Thatis,unlessspoken（o.Ifshedoesstarta

conversationandyoufindyou'verunoutofinterestingstufftodiscussafter“Hello"，breaktheicc

withajoke."Hey,whydidthequeengotothedentist?”"Togetherteethcrowned

Dining

Everymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan'tstarteatinguntilshestarts,andyoustop

whenshestops.Thequeendoesn'tappeartobealargeeater,soyoushouldwolfdownyourfoodin

caseshepushestheplateawayafterafewbites.Whendining,theroyalsholdknivesintheirright

handandforksintheirleftwiththetinesfacingdown.

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I.Whatmustwomenhaveonfbrtheroyalwedding?

A.MorningcoatsR.Militaryuniforms

C.HatswithfascinatorsD.Cabbages

2.Whichbehaviorisproperataroyalceremony?

A.Falloverwhenyoubowtothequeen

B.Don'tstarteatinguntilthequeenstarts

C.Don'ttalkevenifspokento

D.Pushtheplateawaywhileeating

3.Whatisthemainwritingcharacteristicofthetext?

A.HumorousB.SeriousC.PlainD.Official

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章向我們介紹了參加皇室婚禮時(shí)需要知道的基本禮儀，包括衣著、問候、

交談和用餐。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattowearattheceremony部分關(guān)鍵句“Royaldresscodeetiquette（禮儀）

statesthatwomenmustwearhatsfbrformalevents,andfascinatorsarcthepreferredaccessory（配

飾）可知，王室著裝規(guī)范禮儀規(guī)定，在正式活動(dòng)中，女性必須戴帽子，羽毛頭飾是首選的配飾。

由此可推斷出，皇空婚禮上，女人必須戴搭配有羽毛配飾的帽子。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dining部分關(guān)鍵句“Everymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan'tstart

eatinguntilshestarts,andyoustopwhenshestops.”可知，每餐飯都以女王開始和結(jié)束，她開始用

餐時(shí)你才可以開始吃，她停止用餐時(shí)你也要停止。由此可推斷出，在皇室儀式上，在女王開始

用餐之前不要開始吃東西。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題目要求我們判斷這篇文章的主要寫作特點(diǎn)是什么。根據(jù)文中關(guān)鍵句“Ifyou

haven'tpackedone,noworries.Simplyglueacabbagetothesideofyourhead.（如果你沒有戴這種

帽子，不用擔(dān)心，只需要把卷心菜貼在你的頭上“可知，作者用幽默的語言描述帶羽毛配飾

的帽子像卷心菜一樣。再根據(jù)文中“Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou'reexaminingthecarpetforany

medalstheymighthavedropped.（不要低到看起來你好像是在檢查地毯上是否有他們掉下來的獎(jiǎng)

牌）''可知，作者用幽默的語言告訴我們鞠躬時(shí)不必太低。由此可推斷出，文章主要用了幽默的

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語言敘述內(nèi)容，Humorous意為“幽默的”。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

Recentstudiessuggestthatpeoplewhosuffermultiplebraininjuriesareatsignificantriskfor

developingchronictraumaticencephalopathy(CTE),abraindisorderthatcausesavarietyof

dangerousmentalandemotionalproblemstoariseweeks,months,orevenyearsaftertheinitialinjury.

Thesepsychologicalproblemscanincludedepression,anxiety,memoryloss,inabilitytoconcentrate

andsoon.Themajorityofpeoplewhodeveloptheseissuesareathleteswhoparticipateinpopular

high-impactsports,especiallyfootball.

Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsinhelmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,

amateurleagues,thesportsmedia,ancfansallbearsomeoftheresponsibilityfbrreducingbrain

injuries.Inresponsetothegrowingunderstandingofthisdanger,theNationalFootballLeague(NFL)

hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofheadandneckinjuriesonthe

field.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpenaltycallsforhelmet-to-helmetcontact,leadingwiththe

head,andhittingadefenselessplayer.Furthermore,asof2010,ifaplayer'shelmetisaccidentally

wrenchedfromhisheadduringplay,theballisimmediatelywhistleddead.Itishopedthatthesenew

regulations,coupledwithadvancesinhelmetdesign,willreducethenumberofbraininjuries,andthus

curbfurthercasesofCTE.

However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotectamateurplayers,especially

youngpeople.DeadlycasesofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsasyoungas21.Youth,highschool

andcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadoptsafetyrulesevenstricterthanthoseoftheNFL.Furthermore,

youngathletesshouldbeeducatedabouttheseriousdangersofheadinjuriesatanearlyage.Perhaps

themostimportantfactorinreducingthenumberofbraininjuries,however,liesnotwiththe

players,thecoaches,ortheadministrators,butwiththemediaandfans.Sportsmediaproducershave

becomeaccustomedtoshowcasingthemostaggressivetacklesandthemostintenseplays.NFL

broadcastsoftenreplayespeciallyviolentcollisionswhilethecommentatorsmarvelattheplayers

physicalprowess.Somesportshighlightstelevisionprogramsevenfeatureweeklycountdownsofthe

“hardesthits”.Whenthemediaexaltssuchdangerousbehavior,professionalsarerewardedforinjuring

eachotheronthefieldandamateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.

Announcers,commentators,televisionproducers,andsportswritersshouldengageinacollectiveeffort

toceaseglorifyingbrutalplays.Inturn,fansshouldstopexpectingtheirfavoriteplayerstoputtheir

livesonthelinefbrthepurposesofentertainment.

4.Basedoninformationinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthatallofthefollowingstatementsaretrue

exceptthat.

A.braininjuriescanleadtovariousmentalandemotionalproblems

B.NFLofficialshavedunelilllcloaddress11icpioblcmufCTE

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C.itisnotenoughtoadoptnewregulationstoreducebraininjuriesattheprofessionallevel

D.sportsmediaistoblameforencouragingbrutalplaysthatoftenresultinbraininjuries

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatcontributestoCTEinamateurplayers?

A.inconsistentapplicationofsafetyregulationsforalllevels.

B.lackofeducationaboutthedangersofheadinjuries.

C.amateurplayers,desiretoimitateprofessionals.

D.theadoptionofstrictersafetyrulesbyyouth,highschool,andcollegeleagues.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“exalts“inthelastparagraph?

A.praisesB.criticizesC.showsD.mentions

7.Thewriterofthepassagemainlywantsto.

A.sharehisknowledgeaboutCETcausedbybraininjuries

B.warnhisreadersagainstplayingfootballtoavoidbraininjuries

C.callpublicattentiontothenewregulationsadoptedbyNFL

D.conveyhisideasabouttheproblemofCET

【分析】

這是一篇議論文。最近的研究表明，遭受多種腦損傷的人有發(fā)展成慢性創(chuàng)傷性腦病(CTE)的重大

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這是一種腦疾病，在最初的損傷幾周、幾個(gè)月甚至幾年之后，會(huì)引起各種危險(xiǎn)的精神和

情感問題。雖然新的體育法規(guī)和頭盔技術(shù)的改進(jìn)有助于保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但業(yè)余聯(lián)盟、體育媒體和

球迷都對減少腦損傷負(fù)有部分責(zé)任C

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Inresponsetothegrowingunderstandingofthisdanger,theNational

FootballLeague(NFL)hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofhead

andneckinjuriesonthefield.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpenallycallsfbrhelmet-to-helmet

contact,leadingwiththehead,andhittingadefenselessplayer.”可知，為了應(yīng)對這種危險(xiǎn)，國家橄欖

球聯(lián)盟修訂了安全條例。努力減少頭部和頸部的傷害。美國國家橄欖球聯(lián)盟官員開始對頭盔對

頭盔的接觸，撞擊頭部，撞擊沒有任何保護(hù)的球員進(jìn)行嚴(yán)厲的處罰。由此判斷出B選項(xiàng)“NFL官

員在解決CTE問題上做得很少”錯(cuò)誤.故選B項(xiàng)v

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5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotect

amaleurplayers,especiallyyoungpeople.DeadlycasesofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsas

youngas21.Youth,highschoolandcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadoptsafetyrulesevenstricterthan

thoseoftheNFL.”可知，然而，職業(yè)層面的新規(guī)定并不能保護(hù)業(yè)余選手，尤其是年輕人。據(jù)報(bào)道，

受害者中有致命的CTE病例，年齡最小的只有21歲。青年、高中和大學(xué)聯(lián)盟也應(yīng)該采用比NFL

更嚴(yán)格的安全規(guī)則。所以D選項(xiàng)“青少年、高中和大學(xué)聯(lián)盟采用更嚴(yán)格的安全規(guī)則”不是業(yè)余運(yùn)

動(dòng)員患CTE的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。

6.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的句子“professionalsarerewardedfbrinjuringeachotheronthefield

andamateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.^^可知，職業(yè)球員在球

場上互相傷害會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，而業(yè)余球員則更有可能模仿他們最喜歡的NFL運(yùn)動(dòng)員。由此可知，

當(dāng)媒體大加贊揚(yáng)這種危險(xiǎn)的行為時(shí)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述情況。故劃線詞的意思是“贊揚(yáng)故選A項(xiàng)。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文尤其是第二段“Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsin

helmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,amateurleagues,thesportsmedia,andfansallbearsome

oftheresponsibilityfbrreducingbraininjuries.“可知，雖然新的體育法規(guī)和頭盔技術(shù)的改進(jìn)有助于

保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但業(yè)余聯(lián)盟、體育媒體和球迷都對減少腦損傷負(fù)有部分責(zé)任。由此判斷出這篇文

章的作者主要想表達(dá)他對CET問題的看法。故選D項(xiàng)。

C

TheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthe

settingforadifferentcontest,onethatismakingricefarmersfightagainsttwoenemies:thericc-eating

giantapplesnail,andrisingsealevels.Whathappensherewillhaveabearingonthefutureof

EuropeanriceproductionandtheoverallhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands.

LocatedontheMediterranean,justtwohourssouthofBarcelona,theEbroDeltaproduces120

millionkilogramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent'smostimportantrice-growingareas.

Astheseacreepsintothesefresh-watermarshes,however,risingsalinity（鹽度）ishurtingrice

production.Atthesametime,thissea-wateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,anintroduced

pestthatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometoplayoneenemyoff

againsttheother.

Thebattleiscurrentlybeingwagedonland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.

Scientistsworkingunderthebanner“ProjectNeurice“areseekingvarietiescfricethatcanwithstand

theincreasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidealfortraditional

SpanishandItaliandishes.

“Theprojecthastwosides,“saysXavierSerrat,Neuriceprojectmanagerandresearcheratthe

UniversityofBarcelona,44thcshort-termfightagainstthesnail,andamid-tolong-termfightagainst

climatechange.Butthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreaterurgency.”

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OriginallyfromSouthAmerica,thesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDeltaby

GlobalAquaticTechnologies,acompanythatraisedthesnailsforfresh-wateraquariums（水族館）but

failedtopreventtheirescape.Fornow,thegiantapplesnail'spresenceinEuropeislimitedtotheEbro

Delta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat.4tThequestionisnotwhetherit

willreachotherrice-growingareasofEurope,butwhen.”

Overthenextyearandahalfinvestigatorswilltestthevariousstrainsofsalttolerantricethey've

bred.In2018,farmerswillplantthevarietieswiththemostpromiseintheEbroDellaandEurope*s

othertwomainrice-growingregionsalongthePoinItaly,andFrance'sRhone.Aseasoninthefield

willhelpdeterminewhich,ifany,ofthevarietiesarereadyforcommercialization.

AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerantvarietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthree

countries.EachteamiscrossbreedingalocalEuropeanshort-grainricewithalong-grainAsianvariety

（hatcarriesthesaltresistantgene.Thescientistsarebreedingsuccessivegenerationstoarriveat

varietiesthatincorporatesalttolerancebutretainabout97percentoftheEuropeanricegenome（基因

組）.

8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishCivilWaratthebeginningofthepassage?

A.IthasgreatimpactonthelivesofSpanishricefarmers.

B.ItisofgreatsignificanceintherecordsofSpanishhistory.

C.Ricefarmersthereareengagedinanotherkindofbattleofsimilarimportance.

D.Ricefarmersthereareexperiencingthehardshipsofwartime.

9.Whatmaybethemosteffectivestrategyforricefarmerstoemployinfightingtheirenemies?

A.Strikingtheweakerenemyfirst.D.Killingtwobirdswithonestone.

C.Eliminatingtheenemyonebyone.D.Usingoneeviltofightagainsttheother.

10.WhatdoesNeuriceprojectmanagersayaboutthegiantapplesnail?

A.ItcansurviveonlyonsouthernEuropeanwetlands.

B.Itwillinvadeotherrice-growingregionsofEurope.

C.Itmultipliesataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.

D.Itwasintroducedintothericefieldsonpurpose.

11.WhatistheultimategoaloftheEU-fundedprogram?

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A.Cultivatingidealsalt-resistantricevarieties.

R.IncreasingtheabsorbencyoftheSpanishrice.

C.IntroducingSpanishricetotherestofEurope.

D.Popularizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了西班牙埃布羅三角洲如今正被吃水稻的巨型蘋果蝸牛和不斷

上升的海平面所威脅。文章解釋了背后的原因，以及科學(xué)家們正在尋找能夠承受不斷升高的鹽

度、同時(shí)又不喪失吸收能力的大米品種，同時(shí)預(yù)計(jì)巨型蘋果蝸牛未來會(huì)繼續(xù)入侵歐洲其他水稻

種植區(qū)。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanish

CiWar,isnowthesettingforadifferentcontest,onethatismakingricefarmersfightagainsttwo

enemies:therice-eatinggiantapplesnail,andrisingsealevels.”（西班牙的埃布羅三角洲曾是西班

牙Ci戰(zhàn)爭期間著名的戰(zhàn)場，現(xiàn)在這里又成了另一場競賽的場地，在這場競賽中稻農(nóng)們與兩個(gè)敵

人作戰(zhàn):吃水稻的巨型蘋果蝸牛和不斷上升的海平面。）可知作者在文章的開頭提到了西班牙內(nèi)

戰(zhàn)，是因?yàn)槟抢锏牡巨r(nóng)正在進(jìn)行另一種同樣重要的戰(zhàn)爭。故選C。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometheplayoneenemyoff

againsttheother."（最有希望的策略是一個(gè)敵人對付另一個(gè)敵人。）可知用一個(gè)敵人對付另一個(gè)敵

人可能是稻農(nóng)對付敵人最有效的策咯。故選D。

10.推理判斷題c根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Fornow,thegiantapplesnail\presenceinEuropeislimitedtothe

EbroDelta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat."（目前，巨型蘋果蝸牛在

歐洲的存在僅限于埃布羅三角洲。但Serrat說，蝸牛繼續(xù)向新的領(lǐng)域進(jìn)軍。）可知Neurice項(xiàng)目

經(jīng)理表示，巨型蘋果蝸牛將入侵歐洲其他水稻種植區(qū)。故選B。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerant

varietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthreecountries."（作為歐盟資助的一項(xiàng)努力，這三個(gè)國家都在

尋找耐鹽水稻品種。）可知?dú)W盟資助項(xiàng)目的最終目標(biāo)是培育理想的耐鹽水稻品種。故選A。

C

Itisnotuncommonforclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtosharethesamemeaning.The

differencebetweenwordslike"had'and"difficult"，fbrexample,goestragicallyunnoticed.

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Takefbrexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Thetestwashard.2)Thetestwasdifficult.Isthere

anoticeabledifferencebetweentheatall?Ifnot,whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewords

withtheexactsamemeaning?Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,dictionary

definitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular,ifthereisindeedadifferencebetween

wordslike"hard"and"difficult”,whatisit?

Tobegin,"hard"ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Ontheotherhand,

“difficult“iscivilized,willingtomaketheeffortnecessarytoappearpolite.Furthermore,<<hard^^is

morelikelytobeusedincasual,informalcircumstances.Itisusedwithoutpretense,anddoesnot

maintainafeelingofbeingoverlyconcerned.Intermsofdailyusage,"hard"maybeemployedbyan

exhaustedbrickmason(石匠)whenposedwiththequestion,t4Howwasyourday”Conversely,

“difficult“maybeusedbyamilitarygeneraluponexplainingtohisorhersuperiortheprogressionofa

particularlytaxingcampaign.

Now,let'slookatthesynonyms,“happy"and"glad”.Takefbrexamplethefollowingsentences:

1)Tommyishappybecausehegotanewbike.2)Tommyisgladbecausehegotanewbike.Again,

uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthese

definitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethatthesewordsconvey.Theword“happy”

conveysasenseofacarefreeattitude.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“happy“conveystheimageofa

bright-eyed,ruddy,smilingface.Oneis“happy”onthemorningofhisbirthday,discoveringanew

puppyboundingintohisbedroom.Ontheotherhand,theword“glad"conveysasenseofreliefor

contentment.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“glad"conveystheimageofamanstanding

crossed-armed,noddinggently.

Granted,thenotionthatclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeablyisprevalentamongEnglish

speakers.However,usingtheexamplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethese

subtle,yetcrucial,differences.

12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Closesynonymsaredifficulttocomprehend,andarecommonlyusedinterchangeably.

B.Contrarytopopularbelief,importantdifferencesexistbetweencomeclo^esynonyms.

C.Thedifferencebetweenthewords"hard”and"difficult“isvaguetomost

D.MostEnglishspeakersbelieveclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeably.

13.Whichisclosestinmeaningwith“utterlysingular“inthesecondparagraph?

A.justthesameB.quitetheoppositeC.verysimilarD.totallydifferent

14.Thewriterwouldagreethat.

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A.InEnglish,wehavemultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning

R.Closesynonymsshouldnotheusedinterchangeably

C.Bysaying“Itwashard”,onetriestosoundpoliteandformal

D.Thedifferencebetweenclosesynonymsaretoosubtleandthusunimportant

15.Itcanbeinferredthat.

A.dictionariesareoflittlehelpwhenitcomestoclarifyingthedifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms

B.closesynonymslike“happy"and"glacTarclargelymisusedamongEnglishspeakers

C.amilitarygeneralwouldneveruseawordlike"hard"or"happy”

D.Itisimpossibletorecognizetherealdifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了與普遍的看法相反，近義詞之間存在著重要的區(qū)別。

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Itisnotuncommonfbrclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtoshare

thesamemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“hard"and“difficult"，fbrexample,goes

tragicallyunnoticed/'（相近的同義詞被理解為具有相同的意思是很常見的。例如，像“hard”和

“difficult”這樣的單詞之間的區(qū)別，不幸地被忽視了。）和文章最后一段“However,usingthe

examplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethesesubtle,yetcrucial,

differences”（然而，使用上面描述的例子和見解，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到這些微妙但至關(guān)重要的差異。）

可知，文章主要講述了與普遍的看法相反，近義詞之間存在著重要的區(qū)別。故選B。

13.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子“Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,

dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingularJ（雖然許多相近的同義詞

在字典中有相似的定義，但它們表達(dá)的感覺或情緒是完全不同的）可知：while前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，

前文提到了"similar”和“same”，劃線詞和“similar","same"意思相反。uiterlysingular意為“完全

不同的故選D。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,

dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular”（雖然許多相近的同義詞在

字典中有相似的定義，但它們表達(dá)的感覺或情緒是完全不同的）可推知，作者會(huì)同意“近義詞不

能互換使用”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選B。

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15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Again,uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,

ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthesedefinitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethat

thesewordsconvey."（再一次，在查字典時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)即使不相同，也是高度相似的定義。但這

些定義缺乏感覺，這些詞所傳達(dá)的獨(dú)特的情感。）可推知，在澄清相近同義詞之間的區(qū)別時(shí)，詞

典是沒有多大幫助的。故選A。

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

GuidetoHikingontheAppalachianTrail

HowdoI“LeaveNoTraceontheAppalachianTrail?”

Atabout2,189miles,theAppalachianTrailisthelongestsingleunitoftheNationalParkSystem.

Withthenumberofpeoplevisitingthisplaceincreasingeachyear,thechancesaregreatthatanyofus

maydamagethenaturalenvironmentalongtheTrailandaffecttheexperienceforothers.Sopleasedo

yourpartbyfollowingthesehikingandcampingpractices,andencourageotherstolearnaboutand

adoptthesetechniques.

1.Planaheadandprepare.

Evaluatetherisksassociatedwithyourouting,identifycampsitesanddestinationsinadvance,

andusemapsandguides.Preparefbrextremeweather,dangers,andemergencies-especiallythecold

-toavoidimpactsfromsearches,rescues,andcampfires.Learnwhenareasaremostcrowdedandtry

toavoidthosetimes.

2.Disposeofwasteproperly.

Packoutalltrashandfoodwaste,includingthatleftbehindbyothers.Don'tburytrashorfood,

anddon'ttrytobumpackagingmaterialsincampfires.Usetheprivy（茅房）fbrhumanwasteonly.Do

notaddtrash.Ifthereisnoprivy,disposeofhumanwastebyburyingitinahole,aholeatleast200

feet（80steps）fromcampsites,watersourcesandshelters,andwellawayfromtrails.

3.Leavewhatyoufind.

Leaveplants,culturalartifacts（文物）andothernaturalobjectswhereyoufoundthemfbrothers

toenjoy.Donotdamagelivetreesorplants;greenwoodburnspoorly.Collectonlyfirewoodthatis

dead,down,andnolargerthanyourwrist.Leavedeadstandingtreesanddeadlimbsonstandingtrees

forthewildlife.

4.Minimizecampfireimpacts.

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Usestovesforcooking-ifyouneedafire,buildoneonlywhereit'slegalandinanexistingfire

ring.Keepfiressmall.Neverleaveyourcampfireunattended,anddrownitwhenyouleave.Donottry

ioburntrash,includingplastic,glass,cans,leabags,food,oranythingwithfoodonit.Theseitemsdo

notburnthoroughly.Theycreateharmfulfumes,andattractwildlifelikeskunksandbears.

5.Respectwildlife

Don't能edordisturbwildlife.Storefoodproperlytoavoidattractingbears,varmints,androdents.

Ifyoubringapet,keepitleashed.

()1.BeforeyouhikeontheAppalachianTrail,youareadvisedto.

A.Leaveyourpetdogathome

B.bringsomefoodforthewildlifethere

C.preparefbrbadweatherandemergencies

D.avoidcrowdedperiodsandbookahotelinadvance

()2.Theunderlinedphrase“disposeof'probablymeans.

A.takecareofB.hideaway

C.makeuseofD.getridof

()3.IfyouneedafireontheAppalachianTrail,youshould.

A.collectfirewoodthatislargerthanyourwrist

B.keepitsmallanddrownitwhenyougoaway

C.bumorburyyourtrashbeforeyouleave

D.useittodriveawaywildlifelikeskunksandbear

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。作者給那些去阿巴拉契亞山道徒步旅行的戶外探險(xiǎn)者們提出一些應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)

和遵守的事項(xiàng)。

I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一條建議中的“Prepareforextremeweather,dangers,and

emergencies-especiallythecold-toavoidimpacts(影響)fromsearches,rescues,andcampfires."為極

端天氣、危險(xiǎn)和緊急情況(尤其是寒冷)做好準(zhǔn)備，以避免搜索、救援和營火帶來的影響。可知，

任阿巴拉契亞山道徒步旅行前，作者建議人們做好應(yīng)對極端天氣和緊急事件的準(zhǔn)備。故選C。

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2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“byburyingitinahole,aholeatleast200feet(80steps)from

campsites,watersourcesandshelters,andwellawayfromtrails.”把它埋在一個(gè)洞里，這個(gè)洞距離露

營地、水源和庇護(hù)所至少200英尺(80步)，遠(yuǎn)離小徑?？芍绻麤]有廁所，人類的應(yīng)該通過埋

坑的方式處理排泄物。所以換線詞的意思為“處理故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四條建議中的"ifyouneedafire,buildoneonlywhereit'slegalandinan

existingfirering.Keepfiressmall.Neverleaveyourcampfireunattended,anddrownitwhenyou

leave."如果你需要生火，只在合法的地方和現(xiàn)有的火場建一個(gè)。保持火要小。不要讓你的營火

無人看管，離開時(shí)把它熄滅?？芍绻枰诎屠鮼喩降郎?，要保證火勢很小，離開

時(shí)用水把火熄滅，故選B。

B

LASVEGAS—Itwasdifferentinthelightofday.

Therewasno"pop,pop,pop“ofgunfire,noscreams.Justaquietlotofcarsabandonedbythose,

likeKassidyOwen,whoescapedwiththeirlives.

"It'sstrangetohearthesilence,Owensaid,“becauseallIrememberwasthenoise.^^

The22-year-oldwasoneofdozensofconcertgoerswhoreturnedtothesceneoftheRoute91

HarvestfestivalonWednesdaymorningtofetchthevehiclestheyleftbehindastheyfledfroma

gunmanrainingdownbulletsfromhighaboveinthetoweroftheMandalayBayResortandCasino

acrossthestreet.

SurvivorsofthedeadlymassshootinginLasVegasonSundayneededtheircarstomoveonwith

theirlives—togetbacktowork,toschool,home.Itwasthefirsttimetheywererelumingtoascene

thatwouldforeverchangethem,whenjoyandcelebrationandmusicturnedintokillingandhorror.

Bclbrctheycouldmoveforward,theyhadLugobackto由cplacewheretheyihougliltheywere

goingtodie.

Owenhadruntohercartohideandhadtriedtodriveaway,butshecouldn't.Peoplewere

running,bodiesdroppedtotheground,andcarsbottleneckedintheparkinglot.Duringabriefpause

aftermorethan10minutesofgunfire,sheworriedthelightsofherSUVmadeeveryoneinsidea

shiningtarget.

"They'reshootingagain!”herbestfriend'sbrotherscreamed.44Tumoffthecar!”

That'swhenshegotoutandfled.

44Ijustremembershuttingthedoorandrunning,nOwensaid.

Now,nearlythreedayslater,shewasback,sittinginthedriver'sseatofherSUV.Hereyeswere

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swollenandred.Thiswasalongwayfromover.

“Youjustkeephearingthegunshotsinyourhead,^^Owensaid.

()4.WhydidKassidyOwenreturntothesceneofterror?

A.lbgetbackhercarfordailylife.B.Toshowsympathytothevictims.

C.Tosearchforhermissingfriends.D.Tolookintothecauseoftheshooting.

()5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“bottlenecked“inParagraph7?

A.abandonedB.jammedC.stoppedD.left

()6.WhydidOwenkeephearingthegunshotsinherhead?

A.Becauseshehadescapedbeingcaught.

B.Becauseshewantedtofindthegunman.

C.Becauseshecouldn'tridherselfofthoseterriblescenes.

D.Becauseshehadsavedothers