【spend、take、cost和pay】辨析專講專練

spend、take、cost和pay專講專練本單元出現(xiàn)了spend（花費(fèi)、花錢、花時間）一詞，在初中英語語法中，“花費(fèi)”是一個常見的考點(diǎn)，主要涉及四個詞匯：spend、cost、take、pay。以下是這四個詞匯的用法講解和練習(xí)：一、spend主語：通常是人。含義：表示“花費(fèi)（時間、金錢）”。常見句型：主語+spend+時間/金錢+on+sth.：在某事上花費(fèi)時間或金錢。例如，“Ispenttwohoursonmyhomework.”（我花了兩個小時做作業(yè)。）主語+spend+時間/金錢+（in）+doingsth.：花費(fèi)時間或金錢做某事。注意，in可以省略。例如，“Ispentfiftyyuanbuyingthecoat.”（我花了50元買這件大衣。）或“Ispentthreehours（in）doingmyhomework.”（我花了三個小時做作業(yè)。）二、cost主語：是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”。含義：表示“花費(fèi)（金錢）”。常見句型：sth.+cost+sb.+金錢：某物花費(fèi)了某人多少錢。例如，“Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.”（買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。）三、take主語：通常是形式主語it或物。含義：表示“花費(fèi)（時間）”。常見句型：Ittakes/took/willtake+sb.+時間+todosth.：做某事花費(fèi)了某人多少時間。例如，“Itwilltakemetwodaystodothework.”（這項(xiàng)工作將會花費(fèi)我兩天時間。）Doingsth./sth.+takes+sb.+時間：做某事/某物花費(fèi)了某人多少時間。例如，“Theworkwilltakemetwodays.”（這項(xiàng)工作將會花費(fèi)我兩天時間。）或“Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.”（他花了一下午修車。）四、pay主語：通常是人。含義：表示“付款、賠償”。常見句型：主語+pay+金錢+for+sth.：支付多少錢買某物。例如，“Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.”（我花了50元買這件大衣。）paysb.somemoneyforsth.：為某物付給某人多少錢（不?？迹＠?，“Ipaidtheseller500yuanforthenewmobilephone.”（我付給賣家500元買這部新手機(jī)。）五、總結(jié)與對比主語區(qū)別：spend和pay的主語通常是人。cost的主語是物或某種活動。take的主語通常是形式主語it或物。含義與用法區(qū)別：spend表示“花費(fèi)（時間、金錢）”，后接onsth.或（in）doingsth.。cost表示“花費(fèi)（金錢）”，后接sb.+金錢。take表示“花費(fèi)（時間）”，后接todosth.或Doingsth.。pay表示“付款、賠償”，后接forsth.或sb.somemoneyforsth.。練習(xí)題：選擇題1.They_____threehoursontheprojectyesterday.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A2.Itwill_____me$50torepairthebike.A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：C3.Howmuchdidyou_____forthenewcar?A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：B4.Thejourney_____ustwodays.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D5.I_____$20onthisbook.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A6.She_____alotoftimepreparingfortheexam.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A7.Theconcert_____$100perticket.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C8.It_____meanhourtogettotheairport.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D9.We_____alotofmoneyontravellastyear.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A10.Themeal_____us$50intotal.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C11.I_____avisittomygrandparentslastweekend.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B（payavisitto，固定短語，表示拜訪/看望的意思）12.Thenewphone_____me$800.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C13.Howlongwillit_____youtofinishthistask?A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：D14.She_____$20forthedress.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B（表示“支付金額”）15.Therepairofthecar_____mealotofmoney.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C16.I_____fivehoursstudyingforthetest.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A17.Themovie_____me$15.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C18.It_____himadaytotraveltothecity.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D19.They_____$500forthenewcomputer.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B20.Thebook_____meaweektoread.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D21.Howmuchdidthemeal_____?A.spendB.payC.costD.took答案：C22.I_____anhourpracticingthepianoeveryday.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A23.Theconstructionofthebridge_____millionsofdollars.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C24.She_____hersavingsonanewcar.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A25.It_____themalotofefforttocompletetheproject.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D26.Theconcertticket_____$50.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C27.I_____alotoftimelearningEnglish.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A28.Thevacation_____usafortune.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C29.It__