【高考復習指導】2021屆高考英語二輪復習課堂講練-專題四-形容詞和副詞-

專題四形容詞和副詞1.(2022·安徽卷)Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme______aboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A.puzzledB.sensitiveC.optimisticD.embarrassed2.(2022·福建卷)Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasa(n)________wayofreachingtargetcustomers.A.temporaryB.complexC.accurateD.efficient3.(2022·江西卷)Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn'thavefoundit________．A.nowhereB.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead4.(2022·浙江卷)Joeisproudand________，neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A.strictB.sympatheticC.stubbornD.sensitive5.(2022·浙江卷)Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers________.A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully6.(2022·大綱卷)Raymond'sparentswantedhimtohave________possibleeducation.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest7.(2022·大綱卷)Henrywasawayfromhomeforquiteabitand________sawhisfamily.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually8.(2022·湖北卷)Whatwasso________aboutJasmineWestland'svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare－footed.A.awfulB.essentialC.impressiveD.obvious9.(2022·湖北卷)Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima________smileandlethimgo.A.cautiousB.gratefulC.tolerantD.wild10.(2022·湖北卷)HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid________，“Don'tbesomean”，pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfullyB.guiltilyC.indirectlyD.sharply1.【答案】C【解析】句意：在求職面試中，我的優(yōu)秀表現(xiàn)讓我對自己的將來和在這里能夠做的事情樂觀。puzzled(困惑的)；sensitive(敏感的)；optimistic(樂觀的)；embarrassed(尷尬的)。依據(jù)“Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterview”，說明“我”對自己將來很有信念。2.【答案】D【解析】句意：隨著網(wǎng)絡購物越來越流行，因特網(wǎng)被看作是找到目標客戶的高效的方法。temporary(臨時的)；complex(簡單的)；accurate(精確?????的，精確的)；efficient(高效的)。依據(jù)上半句可知，網(wǎng)絡購物的流行讓我們很簡潔就會找到目標客戶，所以因特網(wǎng)是一個很高效的方法。3.【答案】C【解析】nowhere(任何地方都不，無處)；however(然而)；otherwise(否則，要不然)；instead(代替，而不是)。由“wewouldn'thavefound”可知本句是含蓄條件句的虛擬語氣，表示的是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，otherwise＝iftherehadnotbeenyourdirectionstothehouse。4.【答案】C【解析】句意：Joe傲慢且固執(zhí)，從來都不承認他錯了，而且總是責怪別人。strict(嚴格的)；sympathetic(憐憫的，富有憐憫心的)；stubborn(固執(zhí)的)；sensitive(敏感的)。依據(jù)“neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame”可知他很固執(zhí)。5.【答案】A【解析】句意：訓練的宗旨是教會年輕人自己思考，而不是盲從別人。blindly(盲目地)；unwillingly(不情愿地)；closely(親密地)；carefully(認真地，認真地)。6.【答案】D【解析】句意：Raymond的父母親想要他得到可能的最好的訓練。依據(jù)常識可知，父母親當然期望自己的孩子能夠得到最好的訓練，有最好的進展前途。thebestpossibleeducation＝thebesteducationpossibleforhim。7.【答案】B【解析】句意：Harry已經(jīng)離開家有一段時間了，他很少觀察他的家人。frequently(頻繁地，經(jīng)常地)；seldom(很少)；always(總是，始終)；usually(通常)。依據(jù)句意可知他已經(jīng)離開家了，所以很少有和家人見面的機會。8.【答案】C【解析】句意：關于JasmineWestland的成功給人印象格外深刻的是她赤腳得到了馬拉松競賽的第一名。awful(糟糕的，極壞的)；essential(必要的；基本的)；impressive(留有深刻印象的)；obvious(明顯的，明顯的)。JasmineWestland赤腳獲得第一名，這是最讓人難忘的地方。9.【答案】C【解析】句意：她并沒有責怪打破花瓶的那個孩子，而是對他寬容地笑了一下，并放他離開了。cautious(謹慎的，當心的)；grateful(感謝的)：tolerant(寬容的；容忍的，忍受的)；wild(野生的；野蠻的)。依據(jù)“Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase”可知她并沒有責怪他，說明她很寬容。10.【答案】D【解析】句意：Sabrina剛說完她的話，Albert就手指著她警告說“不要這么苛刻”。dreadfully(可怕地，恐怖地)；guiltily(有罪地；內疚地)；indirectly(間接地)；sharply(嚴峻地，尖刻地)。依據(jù)“Don'tbesomean”以及“pointingafingerofwarningather”說明Albert說話的語氣很嚴峻。高考直接考查形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級構成形式的題不多見，主要考查形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級在句子中的合理運用。形容詞和副詞在句中的位置，常見結構的考查與語境相結合，增加了難度。同時，加強考查在具體語境中選擇使用恰當形容詞和副詞的力量。要點儲備一：形容詞的位置1.形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列狀況后置1修飾some,any,every,no和－body,－thing,－one等構成的復合不定代詞時nobodyabsent,everythingpossible2以－able,－ible結尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossible3alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep,alone,available等形容詞可以后置theonlypersonawake4和空間、時間、單位連用時abridge50meterslong5表同義或反義的兩個形容詞一般后置，并用逗號與前后內容隔開Thenovel,interestingandinstructive,issuretoappealtotheyoung.Countries,bigorsmall,shouldbeequal.6某些形容詞作定語時，前置后置意義不同present(目前的)(出席，到場的);left(左邊的)(剩下的);concerned(擔憂的)(相關的)；theresponsibleperson(可依靠的人)，themanresponsible(應負責的人)；theabsentstudents(心不在焉的同學)，thestudentsabsent(缺席的同學)2.多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的挨次：記憶技巧有：①壯大形新顏國材＋名詞；②限定描繪大長高，外形年齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。其中“限定詞”包括：冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、數(shù)詞，它位于各類形容詞前。它本身分為三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定詞有all,half,both，分數(shù)和倍數(shù)；中位限定詞有冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞等；后位限定詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，但序數(shù)詞位于基數(shù)詞前。如：bothmyhands,allhalfhisincome等。“描繪”性形容詞如：beautiful,bad,cold,great等?！按箝L高”表示大小、長短、凹凸等一些詞。表示“外形”的詞如：round,square等?！皣敝敢粋€國家或地區(qū)的詞。“材料”的詞如：wooden,woolen,stone,silk等。“作用類別”的詞如：medical,college,writingdesk,policecar等。如：twobeautifulnewgreensilkeveningdress兩件又新又秀麗的絲綢女士晚禮服Ihaveabig,round,red,wooden,chinesetable.我有一個中國制造的木制紅色的大的圓桌子。代詞數(shù)詞性狀形容詞冠詞前的形容詞冠詞指示代詞不定代詞代詞全部格序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞性質狀態(tài)大小長短性狀新舊溫度顏色國籍產(chǎn)地材料質地名詞allbothsuchtheathisanothersecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone要點儲備二：形容詞的一些特殊用法1the＋adj./v.－ing/v.－ed表一類人或物thedead,theliving,therich,thewounded2用作副詞，修飾另一形容詞dead/soundasleep熟睡，deadtired累的要死，wideopen大開的，awfulsick病重3以－ly結尾的形容詞brotherly,deadly,friendly,likely,lively,lonely,lovely,orderly,silly,timely,ugly4－ly結尾的既作形容詞，又作副詞daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early5表語形容詞(有副詞修飾時，可作前置定語，或可作補語)(un)well,ill,faint,drunk,unable，(well)worth,sure,(well)content，(verymuch)afraid,alike,alive,alone,(fast/sound)asleep,(wide/half)awake,aware,ashamed，afloat6形容詞(短語)作狀語表示伴隨或結果，并不表動作的方式Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.Themanfelldownontheground,dead.Heisstandingthere,fulloffear.要點儲備三：副詞的位置較機敏，可置于句首、句中、句尾，主要用來修飾形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞或句子1頻度副詞常放be動詞、助動詞之后，行為動詞之前，或放第一助動詞之后Weshouldalwaysworkhard.Hehasneverbeentoldaboutit.2方式副詞well,badly,hard等只放在句尾HespeaksEnglishverywell/fluently.3程度副詞常放在被修飾詞之前I'mquite/prettysurehewillcometotheparty.4enough作副詞時，要放在形容詞之后，enough作形容詞時，放在名詞前后均可；strangelyenough(很驚異)放句首，修飾整句；can't與enough連用；等同于can'ttoomuch(再……也不為過)Idon'tknowhimwellenough.Thereisenoughfood/foodenoughforeveryonetoeat.Strangelyenough,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.Ican'tthankyoumuchenoughforyourhelp.要點儲備四：兩種形式不同意義不同的副詞1hard(努力地；猛烈地)hardly(幾乎不)常與can,could連用TheystudyEnglishveryhard.Youcanhardlyseeapersonspitinapublicplace.2late(晚，遲)lately(近來)Heshouldhavecomelateforsuchanimportantmeeting！Howareyougoinglately？3most(極，格外；大多數(shù)；最，格外)mostly(主要地；多半地，大部分地)IwasathomemostofthetimewhenIwasfree.Thisisthemostexcitingpartofthefilm.SheismostlyoutonSundays.4wide(寬敞的；大大地)widely(廣泛地)Openyourmouthwide,andsay“Ah”．Computerisnowwidelyusedintheworld.5high(高)highly(高度地；格外地)jump/flyhighHislatestnovelishighlythoughtofbythepress.6deep(深；遲)deeply(深深地)deepintothenight,digdeepWeweredeeplymovedbythetouchingfilm.7close(接近地)closely(認真地，親密地)get/come/go/sit/standclosetosth.,comecloseto(doing)sth.watchsth.closely,becloselyassociatedwith...,acloselyguidedsecret8near(鄰近)nearly(幾乎)Iwasstandingjustnearenoughtohearwhattheyweresaying.She'snearlyastallasherfathernow.They'deatennearlyeverythingbeforewearrived.9free(免費地；脫離束縛)freely(自由地，無拘束地；大方地，慷慨地；爽快地)Iletthedogsrunfree/freelyinthepark.Theelderlytravelfreeonpublictransport.Millionsofpeoplegavefreelyinresponsetothefamineappeal.歸納：不帶－ly的副詞表具體含義，多位于動詞(＋賓語)的后面或介詞之前；有時與過去分詞構成復合詞；帶－ly的副詞表抽象含義，常修飾形容詞、副詞、過去分詞；修飾的位置不限10lonely(孤獨的；荒蕪的)alone(獨自一人；僅，只)☆alone放在名詞或代詞之后是今年的熱點Shegetslonelynowthatallthekidshavelefthome.Helikeslivingaloneinthehouse.Idon'tlikethemanandI'mnotaloneinthat.Thesefactsaloneshowthathe'snottobetrusted.11toomuch可作表語、定語、主語、賓語；v.＋toomuch；muchtoo＋adj./adv.Ican'tlookaftersixchildrenatmyage—it'stoomuch.Toomuchhasbeendiscussedaboutit.Thetaskismuchtoodifficultforaboyof14.12almost,nearly意思相近，都表示“幾乎、將近”，?？梢曰Q。但與否定詞連用時，用almost，不用nearlyalmostno相當于hardlyany(幾乎沒有)；almostany...(幾乎任何……)；almosttoo...(簡直太……)；almostmorethan...(遠遠大于/超過……)Hehaddonealmostnothingtoday.Almostnobody/Hardlyanybodyunderstoodhiswords.Thewordcanbefoundinalmostanydictionary.Hespokealmosttoofastformetocatchhim.Thisresultwasalmostmorethanweexpected.留意：notnearly＝anythingbut＝farfrom＝nowherenear＝notatall＝notabit意為“一點也不；遠非，絕不是”13abit與alittle經(jīng)常當作副詞使用，修飾形容詞或副詞的原級或比較級，可以互換，語氣比rather弱（=kindof/sortof）;alittle+不行數(shù)名詞，abit+of+不行數(shù)名詞Thisdigitalcameraisabit/alittleexpensive.Itisalittle/abitcolderthanyesterday.Goandgetalittlewaterforme,please.留意：notabit=notatall,意為“根本”，notalittle=notafew=many意為“格外，不是一點”要點儲備五：熱點考詞1rather＋adj./adv./tooTheweatherwasratherworsethanwehadexpected.Thetaskisrathertoodifficultforaboyof7.2也also確定句。置于助動詞之后，行為動詞之前too確定句。句尾或助動詞之后，行為動詞之前aswell確定句。放句尾。so確定句。放句首，需倒裝。as確定句。連詞，放句首，需倒裝。aswellas確定句。連接對稱結構。Hewillalsogototheparty.＝Hewillgototheparty(，)too.＝Hewillgotothepartyaswell.IfIgototheparty,sowillhe.I'llgototheparty,andsowillhe.＝I'llgototheparty,aswillhe.HeaswellasIisgoingtotheparty.＝NotonlyIbutalsoheisgoingtotheparty.＝BothheandIaregoingtotheparty.3either也(不)放否定句句尾；neither放句首，需倒裝；nor放句首，需倒裝；nomore放句首，需倒裝Hewon'tgothereandIwon'tgothere,either.＝Hewon'tgothere,andneitherwillI.＝Hewon'tgothere,andnorwillI．＝Hewon'tgothere,andnomorewillI.4too＋adj./adv.todosth.(太……而不能做某事)too＋ready/glad/willingtodosth.表確定，意為“格外樂意做某事”too...nottodosth.(太……不會不做某事)not/nevertoo...todosth.(做某事決不會太……)onlytoo/buttoo...todosth.(格外/格外/極其……去做某事)Thetaskistoodifficultfortheboytocomplete.Thegentlemanistooreadytohelppeopleinneed.Heistoocarefulnottonoticethemistake.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Ifyouinvitehim,he'llbeonlytoogladtoattend.5beworth＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(n.（價、錢或相當于價值）,vt.－ing))beworthy＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tobev.－ed,of＋n.（非金錢類）,of＋beingv.－ed))It'sworth(one's)whiletodosth./doingsth.Theworkisworththetrouble.Thepieceofmusiciswellworthlisteningtoasecondtime.Hisbehaviorisworthytobepraised.＝Hisbehaviorisworthyofbeingpraised.＝Hisbehaviorisworthyofyourpraise.＝It'sworth(your)whilepraisinghisbehavior.＝It'sworthwhileforyoutopraisehisbehavior.6A對于B猶如C對于D一樣(重要)AistoB(just)asCistoD.＝AistoBwhatCistoD.＝(just)asCistoD,soisAtoB．＝WhatCistoD,thatisAtoB．空氣對于我們，猶如水對于魚一樣重要。Airistousjustaswateristofish.＝Airistouswhatwateristofish.＝Justaswateristofish,soisairtous.＝Whatwateristofish,thatisairtous.要點儲備六：形容詞和副詞比較等級1同級比較as...as...notso/as...as...Iamnotsogoodaplayerasyouare.2可以修飾比較級的詞any，much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,still,yet,byfar,some,agreatdealHedidnoteatanymore.Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee？3表示一方隨另一方變化時themore...themore...Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.4表示倍數(shù)的比較級as…as…比較級倍數(shù)詞the+n.ofB/B’s+n.(size/width/weight/height/length/etc)over+Bwhat–C.Ourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanyours.Ourschoolisfourtimesaslargeasyours.Ourschoolisfourtimesthesizeofyours.Thesizeofourschoolisfourtimesthatofyours.Ourschoolisfourtimeswhatyoursis.Ourschoolisthreetimesoveryours.5最高級范圍of/among＋the＋復數(shù)名詞in＋地點名詞Thisisthemostdifficultquestioninthetest.Thisistheeasiestofallthequestions.6最高級的修飾詞序數(shù)詞，much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,nothinglike,notreallyHowmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcost？Ofthethreeboys,Nickisbynomeansthecleverest.7借自拉丁語的一些形容詞，作比較時用介詞to,不用thanbeinferiorto...(次于，劣于，比……差)bejuniorto...(少于，次于，低于，小于)bepriorto...(在……以前，較……重要)beseniorto...(比……年長)besuperiorto...(賽過，優(yōu)于，比……好)Thiscomputerisinferiortothatoneinquality.Mybrotherisjuniortomebytwoyears.＝Mybrotheristwoyearsyoungerthanme.Priortotheirmarriage,theyheldapressconference.TomissuperiortoJackinability.要點儲備七：幾種特殊的比較結構1morethan＋數(shù)字＝over不僅僅格外非……所能Therearemorethan10，000studentsinthehall.Heismorethanateacher.Heisafriendaswell.Jackismorethanwilling/glad/happy/pleasedtohelpothers.Thebeautyhereismorethanwordscandescribe.2moreAthanB與其說是B，不如說是AShewasmorefrightenedthanhurt.3nomorethan＋數(shù)字＝only比較級，表“兩者都不”Ican'taffordthecar,forIhavenomorethan1，000yuan.TomisnotallerthanJack.＝NeitherJacknorTomistall.4notmorethan＋數(shù)字＝atmost比較級，表“A不如B”Therearenotmorethan10studentsadmittedtoBeijingUniversityinthisschoolthisInfact,themanagerisnotwiserthanthesecretary.5notlessthan＋數(shù)字＝atleast比較級，表“A不比B不”Notlessthanathousandvisitorscometoourcityeveryyear.Thispaintingisnotlessbeautifulthanthatone.6nolessthan＋數(shù)字＝asmuch/manyas比較級，表“和……一樣”，用于確定兩者Nolessthan13studentsweredrownedthatdayalone.Adolphinisnolessacleveranimalthanadogis.7as...assb.can＝as...aspossible盡力；盡可能I'llworkashardasIcantocatchupwithhim.8asmuch/many...asasadj.＋a(n)＋n．＋as多達；與……一樣多Shehasgottwiceasmanymedalsasexpectedatthissportsgame.Theboyisasbraveamanashisbrother.要點儲備八：最高級的異形結構(熱點)as...asany...(最……)as...asever...(最……)no/not...＋比較級．..than...(沒有……比……更……)nothing...more...than...(沒有……比……更……)never...more...than...(從來沒有……比……更……)形容詞比較級＋thanany＋else(比其他任何的……更)形容詞比較級＋thananyother＋n.(比其他任何的……更)形容詞比較級＋thananyoftheother＋名詞復數(shù)(比其他任何的……更)no/not...so...as＋n.(沒有……比……更)no/not...so...astodo(沒有……比……更)TheyareasgoodplayersasanyI'veseen.ItwasaspleasantaholidayasIhadeverhad.Ihavenotseenabetterhousethanthisonebefore.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.ShanghaiislargerthananyoftheothercitiesinChina.NoothercityisbiggerthanShanghaiinChina.Icouldn'thavefoundabetterhotel.HeisamanmorekindandjustthananyIhadevermet.Thereisnothinglikereading.Nothingissopreciousasone'shealth.Nobodyissoeasyastogetalongwithhim.重點突破形容詞和副詞的作用與位置；than、enough的用法；倍數(shù)表達法；易混淆的形容詞、副詞的辨析，尤其留意ratherthan(而不是),morethan(不僅僅),otherthan(除了)的區(qū)分；練出“火眼金睛”，能識別“隱蔽”的比較等級。應考技巧：詞義辨析是重點，語境分析為關鍵。1.Attractedbyitslivingandworkingconditions,peoplefrom________cultureschoosetosettleinAmerica.A.diverseB.familiarC.fantasticD.traditional2.Thetallfigurethatyousawwasnone________ournewmanager.A.ratherthanB.orratherC.morethanD.otherthan3.Earlyexperiencestaughtmenottobeoverly_________aboutshoppingbymobilephonesbecausethereisahighriskofbeingcheated.A.particularB.enthusiasticC.cautiousD.casual4.ThoughbroughtupinLosAngeles,StevenDavidsonspenthiswholelife________inNewA.mostlyB.constantlyC.roughlyD.merely5.Anybehaviourthatisrepeatedenoughtimeswill________becomeahabitandhappenautomatically.A.eventuallyB.virtuallyC.deliberatelyD.initially6.Theyoungmangaveusa________accountofhislifeasavolunteerinSichuan.A.vividB.cautiousC.temporaryD.sensitive7.Tobehonest,Ihaven'treceivedincomefromanyothersource.________Ihadtoborrowmoneytopaymypasttwomedicalbills.A.FortunatelyB.ActuallyC.AbsolutelyD.Necessarily8.Basketballcoacheswastenotimetosearchfor________youngplayersofgreatpotentialforbetterperformancesinthecomingseason.A.promisingB.convincingC.desperateD.admirable9.StayingonedayinaShangri－laHotelcosts________rentingahouseinmyhometownforaA.asmuchasthreetimesB.threetimesthepriceofC.asmanythreetimesasD.thethreetimespriceof10.Heshowedsignsofexceptionalskillatchess,but________enough,mathsisnothisthing.A.naturallyB.strangelyC.foolishlyD.badly11.Thearrowsignsatthecrossroadspointinginthreedirectionsrepresent________thewaystothemuseum,thehotelandthestadium.A.practicallyB.separatelyC.purposelyD.frequently12.—Wereyousatisfiedwiththeexamresult?—Nota________.Ishouldhavedonemuch________．A.little;betterB.bit;badC.little;badD.bit;better13.Thevolunteerswilldo________tohelpthoseinjuredintheearthquake.A.everythingpossiblehumanlyB.everythinghumanlypossibleC.humanlypossibleeverythingD.humanlyeverythingpossible14.Thelittlegirliswalkingalongthebeach,happyandjoyful,________bendingdowntopickupabeautifulseashell.A.approximatelyB.regularlyC.apparentlyD.occasionally15.Goodh