中考英語閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解【高效課堂精研】詞義猜測課件

Theskillsofreadingcomprehension2024Skills主旨大意細(xì)節(jié)理解猜測詞義推理判斷2023年浙江省中考英語閱讀理解設(shè)題歸類考查低階思維能力各地試卷細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)排序細(xì)節(jié)推斷詞義猜測詞語指代杭州6141寧波41111溫州451紹興331金華、義烏531麗水3411舟山、嘉興451臺州5211衢州4211PartOne

細(xì)節(jié)理解題5W1H是非題who,where,when,what,why,how計(jì)算題直接信息間接信息排序題1.Accordingtothetext,ifBettywantstoenjoytheseaofcloudsinMountHuashan,sheshouldgoto________.A.theEastPeak

B.theSouthPeakC.theWestPeak

D.theNorthPeak...MountHuashanMountHuashanisfamousforitsnaturalcliffs(峭壁)andnarrowpaths.Ithasfivegreatpeaks.TheEastPeakisthebestplaceforseeingsunrise;theNorthPeakisfamousforitsseaofclouds;theSouthPeakisthehighestpeak(2，155meters)ofMountHuashan;theWestPeakisahugerockshapedlikealotusflower;theMiddlePeakisatthecenterofthefivepeaks.Thewayupthemountainisknownasoneofthemostdangerouswalksintheworld.Themountainalsohasseveralfamoustemples....2.WhatcanweknowaboutMountTaishanaccordingtothetext?A.Itstandsforhealthandpeace.B.Thehotspringsthereareveryfamous.C.ItisthemostdangerousmountaininChina.D.WecanenjoywonderfulviewsfromtheJadeEmperorPeak....

MountTaishan

MountTaishanisoneofthemostfamousmountainsinChina.Ithasalwaysbeenseenasasymbolofpower(權(quán)力)andpeace.Manyemperorscameheretoshowrespecttoheavenandearth.

Therearetwomust-seesightsonthemountain.ThefirstistheJadeEmperorPeak,whichisatthetopofMountTaishan.Itofferstouristsamazingviewsofthewholemountain,includingsunrise,sunset,andaseaofclouds.ThesecondisBixiaTemple.Ithasagroupofancientbuildingswithfivelargehalls.

...

解題方法：定范圍，劃依據(jù)，看轉(zhuǎn)換(同義),讀全項(xiàng)，得答案。5W1H是非題細(xì)節(jié)題的類型who,where,when,what,why,how計(jì)算題直接信息間接信息排序題Wanted:Englishtutor(家庭教師)

Doyoulikekids?Areyououtgoing(開朗的)?Doyouhavethreeyears'experience(經(jīng)驗(yàn))asanEnglishteacher?DoyouhavefreetimeonSaturdayandSunday?Weneedawomanteacherforourdaughter.SheistwelveandsheisnotgoodatEnglish.For

thejob,youwill:

Teachfrom3:00to6:00p.m.

Playwithourdaughter

TellherstoriesinEnglish

Youwillworkatourhouse.WeliveinBeihaiRoad,GardenDistrict.Thepayis$30eachhour.

Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation,pleasecallMrs.Yangat82569876.1.Thetutorcanget$______,ifsheteachesthekidfortwoweekends.

A.160B.260C.360D.460根據(jù)文章細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，計(jì)算公式為：30X3X2X2=360解題方法：讀題干，看原文，找出所有相關(guān)數(shù)字，比較、分析、計(jì)算得出答案5W1H是非題細(xì)節(jié)題的類型who,where,when,what,why,how直接信息間接信息排序題定位，找出選項(xiàng)在原文中的出處。對照分析選項(xiàng)Whichofthefollowingistrue?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Whichofthefollowing(下列)isright?Whichisnotwrong?……2.WhichisNOTtrue?A.Thetutormustteachthekidonweekends.

B.ThekidisgoodatEnglish.C.ThetutorcanspeakEnglish.

D.Thetutorcanget$360,ifsheteachesthekidfortwoweekends.Wanted:Englishtutor(家庭教師)

Doyoulikekids?Areyououtgoing(開朗的)?Doyouhavethreeyears'experience(經(jīng)驗(yàn))asanEnglishteacher?DoyouhavefreetimeonSaturdayandSunday?Weneedawomanteacherforourdaughter.SheistwelveandsheisnotgoodatEnglish.For

thejob,youwill:

Teachfrom3:00to6:00p.m.

Playwithourdaughter

TellherstoriesinEnglish

Youwillworkatourhouse.WeliveinBeihaiRoad,GardenDistrict.Thepayis$30eachhour.

Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation,pleasecallMrs.Yangat82569876.反義轉(zhuǎn)換防陷阱

解題方法：讀題干、需謹(jǐn)慎，定原文、看轉(zhuǎn)換，讀全項(xiàng)、選最佳。5W1H是非題細(xì)節(jié)題的類型who,where,when,what,why,how直接信息間接信息排序題排除法Inwhatorderdidtheseeventstakeplace?Putthefollowingintocorrectorder.首尾事件or動作定位，縮小范圍

留意步驟詞--firstly,next等。表時間先后的詞語—before,after等

Long,longagotherewereonlyafewthousandpeopleintheworld.Thesepeoplemovefromplacetoplaceovertheland,huntinganimalsforfood.Nooneknowshoworwhenthesepeoplelearnedaboutgrowingfood.Butwhentheydid,theirliveschanged.Theydidnothavetolookforfoodanymore.Theycouldstayinoneplaceandgrowit.Peoplebegantolivenearoneanother.Andsothefirstvillagegrew.Manypeoplecametoworkinthevillages.Thesevillagesgrewverybig.Whenmachinesappeared(出現(xiàn)),lifeinthevillageschangedagain.Factorieswerebuilt.Moreandmorepeoplelivednearthefactories.Thecitiesgrewverybig.

略讀題干，劃關(guān)鍵詞1定位全文，找出依據(jù)2對比選項(xiàng)，分析信息3解題步驟GroupworkTalkaboutthereadingstepsthatyoulearned:(小組討論做閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題的步驟）2023杭州卷

DWeallenjoybeingpartofagroup—there'snobetterworkthanteamwork,right?Actually,Idisagree.Teamworkcanbehard.Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyoficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.Personalities(個性)canmaketeamworkdifficult.There'softensomeoneontheteamthat

putstheirneedsfirst.Theteamoftengoesalongwiththisperson,whoseideasmightnotbethebest,justtheloudest.Justonedifficultpersonalitycanmaketeamworkhard.Combine（結(jié)合)severalchallengingpersonalitytypes,andit'sevenharder.Nothavingenoughtimetogethercanalsomaketeamworkchallenging.Forexample,Iwasonceonateamwhereweneverhadenoughtimetomeetasagroup.Tosuccessfullyworkasateam,youneedtimetogether—andlotsofit.Afinalreasonteamworkisdifficultisbecausethere'softennotrainingonhowtoworkonateam.Youcan'tjustputpeopleinaroomandexpectthemtoworkwellwitheachother.Youneedtobuildtrustwithyourteammembers.Thinkoffootballplayers:Theyaren'tjustgivenaballandtoldtoplay.Theypractice,andtheytrain.Teamcanbehard,butworkingalonehasitschallenges,too.Whenmycomputerdoesn'twork,Idon'thaveanITpersontoturnto.WhenIhaveagreatidea,Idon'thaveanyonetoshareitwithtoseeifitreallyisagreatidea.Don'tgetmewrong-Istilllikemyteamofoneandenjoymakingalloftheimportantdecisionsmyself.ButnowIrealizewhatwaswrongwiththeteamworkIdidinthepastandhowgoodteamworkcouldbeifdonecorrectly.Andthat'susefulinformation--becauseonedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM.27.Whydidthewriterchoosetoworkfromhomeonhisown?A.Tokeephimselfbusier.B.Tokeephimselfhealfhier.C.Tomakehisjobeasier.D.Tomakehisteamharder.28.Whichofthefollowingmakesteamworkdifficult?A.Strongpersonality.

B.Lotsofteamworktime.C.Challengingideas.

D.Clearteamroles.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.WETEAMhashardlyanyadvantages.B.METEAMneedsalotofITengineers.C.METEAMhasnochallengesforthewriter.D.WETEAMmaybethewriter'schoiceoneday.(23.寧波節(jié)選)“Pleasecalmdownandsit,"saidMr.Johnson."1'mgladeveryone'shereforthefinalreadingtestoftheyear."Wheneveryonecried,Mr.Johnsonlaughed,sayingitwasjustajoke.Thenheremindedusthatwestillhadajobtodo."Youneedtocleanoutyourdesksandputallyourthingsintoyourbackpacks,"headdedgently.Aswebeganourtask,Mr.JohnsonturnedontheCDplayer.Thelivelymusicmadetheroomfeellikeaparty.Someofusstartedsingingalongwiththemusic,othersweredancingaroundtheirdeskswhiletheywerecleaningthemout.EvenMr.Johnsonshowedusafewdancesteps,makingeveryonelaughheartily.Afterwefinishedcleaning,someoneasked,"Whenisbreaktime?"Mr.Johnsontookoutsomeballsandstartedplayingwiththem.Suddenly,helettheballsdropandsaid,"Breaktimestarts...now!"Justaswewereabouttorushout,ourheadmaster,Mrs.Miller,appearedatthedoor."Mr.Johnson!"shecriedout.Amomentofsilencefellovertheroomaswethought,"Mr.Johnsonmightbeintrouble."However,tooursurprise,Mrs.Millercouldn'thelpbutlaughatthesightandleftustoenjoyourbreak.Duringbreaktime,Mr.Johnsonsurpriseduswithanothertreat.Hewenttothecafeandcamebackwithice-creamsforeveryone.Weallcheeredforhim!(

)Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingactivities?①M(fèi)r.Johnsonplayedwithballs.②Studentsgoticecreamshappily.③Studentsdidthecleaning.④Mr.Johnsonjokedabouthavingatest.A.①④③②

B.②①④③C.③④②①

D.④③①②PartTwo

詞義猜測題非指代型：根據(jù)語境推斷某個詞的意思指代型：it，they，them,this,that等指代的對象一、語境法二、構(gòu)詞法解題技巧一——語境法Tornadoes

--violentanddestructivewhirlwind,normallyoccuronhot,humid(alittlewet)day,butnotnecessarilyinthesummer.Motionmaybedefinedasacontinuous(連續(xù)不斷的)changeofposition.Idolreferstoapersonthatislovedandadmired(贊賞)verymuch.語境法——定義解釋a.以be(是),mean(意指),referto(指的是)為線索猜測詞義

b.以becalledas(被稱作),beconsideredas(被認(rèn)為)，bedefinedas(被定義為)c.以標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號（括號，破折號）Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.…Q：Whatdoestheword“shoplifter”mean?A.

AthiefB.AguideinashopC.TheownerofashopD.Aporter語境法——舉例子特征詞：suchas,like,forexample,forinstance,include,consistof,...Somepeoplethinkelectriccarsarepricey.Buttheirpricesarecomingdown.Q:

Theunderlineword“pricey”probablymeans()

A.fast

B.slow

C.cheap

D.expensive語境法——對比轉(zhuǎn)折表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞：but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,otherwise,though,unless,notas...as,...以反義詞和對比關(guān)系為線索猜測詞義。Theirfriendslaughedatthem，andmysistersfeltwretched，veryunhappy．“wretched”means“____________”.語境法——同義關(guān)系以同義詞、近義詞為線索猜測詞義并列的詞或短語（and,or,as...as,like...）unhappyThreeways單數(shù)出題方式復(fù)數(shù)it,she,he,one,this，thatthey，them，ones，these，thoseTheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3refersto____.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?語境法——指代關(guān)系代詞it,that,he,him或them可以指上文提到的人事物……Atthefirstflashoflightning,quicklygetinsideabuildingoracar.Donotgointoashed(棚)forprotection.Itisnotclosedlikeabuilding,soitisnotsafe.37.Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2probablymeans_____.

A.abuildingB.acarC.aroomD.ashed〖解析〗句意：它不像大樓一樣是封閉的，所以很不安全。上句提及“Donotgointoashedforprotection”此處it作主語，指代ashed.所以選D。解題技巧二——構(gòu)詞法派生法合成法believe一個單詞(詞根)加上前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成一個新單詞。否定前綴有：un-，dis-，im-，in-,mis-,ir-,ab-,...(改變詞義)把兩個或兩個以上的單詞合成一個新單詞eg.good-looking好看的

cold-blooded冷血的Onedayaveryrichfamilywentonatriptothecountryside.Thefatherwantedtoshowhissonhowpoorpeoplelived,sotheyspentadayandanightonthefarmofaverypoorfamily.Whentheygotbackfromtheirtrip,thefatheraskedhisson,"Mydearson,howwasthetrip?""Verygood,dad!""Didyouseehowpoorpeoplelived?"thefatherasked."Yeah!""Andwhatdidyoulearn?"Thesonanswered,"Wehaveadogathome,andtheyhavefour.Wehaveapoolthatisinthemiddleofthegardenandtheyhaveariverthathasnoend.Wehaveveryexpensivelampsinthegardenandtheyhavethestars."Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwasspeechless.Q:Theword"speechless"means_______.

A.毫無興趣的B.寡言少語的C.胸?zé)o點(diǎn)墨的D.無話可說的Thelifespanofanairplantdependsonthecareitgetsandtheenvironmentitisplacedin．Generally，allairplane

canliveformanyyears．

Q:Theunderlinedword“l(fā)ifespan”mostprobablymeans＿＿．A．生活B．生存C．生命D．壽命派生法合成法2.Finallytheenemysurrendered/s?'rend?/.Theythrewdowntheirgunsandwalkedoutofthehomewiththeirhandsovertheirheads.1.Childrenoftentrytoemulate/'emjuleit/,orcopythebehaviorthattheyseeontelevision.同義定義、釋義3.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances/?'pla??ns/,

forexample,washingmachines,fridgesandcolortelevisions.舉例4.Hisshirtwasclean,buthisshoesweregrubby/'ɡr?bi/.反義A（23·杭州節(jié)選）To

beatopracesyoumust

dismountwithoutslowingdownatall.Todothis,swingyourrightlegoverthebikeseat.Atthesametime,movethebikeawayfromyourbody.Thismakesroomforyourrightfoottohitthegroundnexttoyourleftfoot.Asyourrightfootnearstheground,takeyourleftfootawayfromthebike.Putbothfeetonthegroundandstartrunning!(

)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dismount"inparagraph2mean?A.Pickupabike.B.Getoffa