2025年人教版九年級英語寒假復(fù)習(xí) 專題04 考點(diǎn)拓展4、定語從句、寫作指導(dǎo) （環(huán)境問題）

專題04考點(diǎn)拓展4&定語從句&寫作指導(dǎo)（環(huán)境問題）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一．詞匯拓展 1二．考點(diǎn)拓展 2三．語法考點(diǎn) 6四．寫作考點(diǎn) 11五．閱讀拓展 13一．詞匯拓展1.electricity.n.電，電能→.adj.電力的，電能的2.pleasure.n.高興，愉快→.adj.令人愉快的，宜人的，友好的3.day.n.天，日→.adj.每天的，每日的4.accident.n.（交通）事故，意外遭遇→.adj.偶然的，意外的→.adv.偶然地，意外地5.rule.n/v.統(tǒng)治，支配→.n.支配者，統(tǒng)治者6.nation.n.國家→.adj.國家的，名族的→.n.名族，國籍.adj.國際的，跨國的7.popular.adj.流行的，受歡迎的→.n.流行，受到歡迎，喜愛8.translate.v.翻譯→.n.翻譯→.n.翻譯家，翻譯官9.music.n.音樂→.adj.音樂的，有音樂天賦的→.n.音樂家10.salt.n.鹽→.adj.咸的11.customer.n.顧客，客戶→.n.傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)俗→.n.海關(guān)12.professional.adj.專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的→.n.職業(yè)，專業(yè)13.attend.v.出席，參加→.n.出席14.valuable.adj.貴重的，很有用的，寶貴的→.n.價(jià)值觀，價(jià)值，重要→.v.重視，看中→.adj.沒有價(jià)值的，不值得的15.noise.n.聲音，噪音→.adj.噪音的,吵鬧的16.sleep.n/v.睡覺，睡眠→.adj.睡著的→.adj.困倦的，困的17.suit.n.西服，套裝→.v.適合，適應(yīng)→.adj.合適的18.leader.n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)袖→.v.帶領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→.adj.引領(lǐng)的，前沿的19.medical.adj.醫(yī)療的，醫(yī)學(xué)的→.n.藥品20.energy.n.精力，力量→.adj.精力旺盛的，精力充沛的21.burial.n.埋葬，安葬→.v.埋葬22.honor.n.成功，勝利→.v.給予….榮譽(yù)→.adj.榮耀的，榮譽(yù)的23.ancient.adj.古代的，古老的→.n.祖先，先人二．考點(diǎn)拓展考點(diǎn)1prefer的用法Peopleoftenprefertocarvebybandratherthanusethemachine,becausetheworksbyhandarenatural.按要求完成句子。1.We'dpreferplayingoutdoorswatchingtelevision.(盲填)

2.Iprefer(see)adoctorassoonaspossible.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

3.Wewouldpreferyou(call)meuptomorrowat6:30.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

4.他們寧可待在家里,也不愿去看電影。(根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子)Theypreferredathomeratherthanthemovies.

Theypreferredathometothemovies.

考點(diǎn)2.suppose的用法Wearesupposedtoputupourhandbeforewespeakinclass.suppose是及物動詞,常用來表示說話人的看法、猜測或假設(shè)。其主要用法歸納如下:在口語中,常用Isupposeso.(我認(rèn)為是這樣。)和Idon'tsupposeso./Isupposenot.(我認(rèn)為不是這樣。)例如:Isupposeso.=Ithinkso.Idon'tsupposeso.=Idon'tthinkso.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He(suppose)tobeapersonwhocanrunfastestamongus.

2.Iftheteacherasksaquestioninclass,youaresupposed(give)ananswer.

3.JacksupposesJaneEyre(be)oneofthegreatestbooksthathehaseverread.

4.You(suppose)makeyourselflookcleanandtidy,whateveryouwear.

考點(diǎn)3.worth的用法ThespiritofLeiFengisworthspreadingforever.worth意為“值得;值”時(shí),是形容詞,也可以用作名詞。其具體搭配如下:worth有時(shí)也可用作定語,但不能單獨(dú)放在名詞前面,需用作后置定語。不過此時(shí),worth后面必須接一個(gè)v.-ing。例如:Tianjinisacityworthvisiting.天津是一個(gè)值得參觀的城市。[聯(lián)想]worthy(adj.)值得(或應(yīng)得)……的一、根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。1.The(價(jià)值)ofourlivescomesnotinwhatwedoorwhoweknow,butinwhoweare.

2.Themicrocomputer(值一萬美元).

二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.ThisTVplayisreallyinteresting.Itisworth(watch)twice.

2.Thisisaquestionworth(discuss).

考點(diǎn)4.value的用法Weshouldvaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsinoureverydaylives.value可用作動詞和名詞,具體用法如下:一、根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。Ifyouhavesuchafriend,youshould(重視)him.

二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。1.我們最好珍惜雙方之間的友誼。We'dbetter.

2.直到失去了健康,人們方知健康的重要性。Peopledon'tknowuntiltheyloseit.

3.這本書將對他的研究有很大價(jià)值。Thisbookwillbeofgreattohiminhisstudy.

考點(diǎn)5.辨析except、besides、but與exceptforIreallygetmadwhenyoutakethingswithoutasking,butbreakingyourtoywasn'tright.詞匯用法except意為“除……之外(沒有……)”,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)在同類人或物中除去一個(gè)或幾個(gè)人或物,表示一種排除關(guān)系,有“減去”之意besides意為“除……之外(還有……)”,指在整體中加入一部分,表示一種累加關(guān)系,有“加上”之意but和except的用法基本相同,但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)整句的內(nèi)容,且常構(gòu)成nothingbut、anythingbut、whobut等結(jié)構(gòu)exceptfor意為“除……之外”,表示對整體主要部分的肯定和對局部的否定,起部分修正作用根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子,每空一詞。1.除了數(shù)學(xué)外,他對所有科目都感興趣。Heisinterestedinallsubjectsmathematics.

2.除了這些書,我還有一本字典。Ihaveadictionarythesebooks.

3.他通常步行上班,但今天他開車了。Heusuallywalkstowork,hetookthecartoday.

4.這篇文章寫得很好,除了一些小錯誤。Thearticleiswellwritten,afewminormistakes.

考點(diǎn)6.afford的用法Thesehousesaresoexpensivethathecan'taffordtobuyone.afford為動詞,常與can/could或can't/couldn't等連用,意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起/不起某事或某物的費(fèi)用/損失/后果”等,其搭配如下:根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。1.I(負(fù)擔(dān)不起)togotoarestauranteverydaybecauseIdon'thavemuchmoney.

2.“IwillbuyitforyouwhenIcan(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)it,”saidhisfather.

3.Themothercouldn't(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)herchildren'seducationatthattime.

考點(diǎn)7.setout的用法Weshouldn'tforgetwherewecamefromaswesetoutonournewjourney.短語setout有多種意思,用法如下:相關(guān)短語:setoff出發(fā)、動身;setabout著手、開始做;setoutonsth.開始做某事;setup建立。選詞填空。A.setdownB.setoutC.setupD.takeoff1.—Theyhavepushedthemselvestoohard,spending10hourspracticingeveryday.—Ithinkso,buttheyhaveto.Youknowtheytowinfirstprize.

2.Wegatheredatthefootofthehillandtothepeak.

3.Theyallontheirjourneytogether,andendedupatananthill.

三．語法考點(diǎn)定語從句一．關(guān)系代詞的用法在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有兩種:關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which,as和關(guān)系副詞when,where,why.關(guān)系代詞3個(gè)作用：1）連接作用2）替代作用3）在從句中充當(dāng)成分：作主語/賓語/表語/定語。如下圖所示：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句↓↓↓Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.一．判斷定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的方法：如果名詞或代詞后有一個(gè)句子，并且該名詞或代詞在句子中充當(dāng)成分，則該句子就是定語從句。主要按照以下三步來判斷：1.找準(zhǔn)先行詞（定語從句前的名詞或代詞）。2.把先行詞還原到定語從句中，看充當(dāng)什么成分。3.根據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞忠约熬湟鈦磉x用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。二．關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞指代在從句中的成分that人/物主語/賓語/表語which物主語/賓語/表語who人主語/賓語/表語whom人賓語whose人/物定語三．易混的關(guān)系代詞辨析：（一）that和which1.用that，不用which的情況①當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞：everything,anything,nothing,all,any,much,many,some,few,little,none等或當(dāng)先行詞被no,some,any,all,much,little等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that。Togetthejobstarted,allthatIneedisyourpermission.要開始工作，我所需要的是你的許可。

IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事嗎?

Heansweredfewquestionsthatwereaskedbythereporters.他幾乎沒有回答記者提問的問題。②當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等詞修飾時(shí)。That’stheonlythingthatwecandonowThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.這正是我找的鋼筆。③當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksthatweresoldinthisbookstore.這是這家書店售出的最有趣的書之一。

Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.該做的第一件事是弄點(diǎn)吃的。④當(dāng)先行詞中同時(shí)包括人和物時(shí)。I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.我要談?wù)撘幌挛以L問的國家和人民。⑤當(dāng)要避免與疑問詞which重復(fù)時(shí)。

WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?那件體恤衫最適合我？2.用which，不用that的情況①在非限制性定語從句中Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的運(yùn)動。②介詞提前時(shí)，不用that，而用which，介詞不提前時(shí)，用that和which都可。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(that/which)myfatherlivedinlastyear.這是我父親去年居住過的房子。四．關(guān)系代詞易錯點(diǎn)：1.關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞做賓語時(shí)，在限制性定語從句中可省略，在非限制性定語從句中不省略。Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定語從句中作visit的賓語，可以省略）杭州是我總想?yún)⒂^的一個(gè)美麗城市。Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定語從句中作visited的賓語，不可省略）杭州是一個(gè)美麗的城市，我上周去參觀過。2.從句中代詞的重復(fù)多余定語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞,從句中不能再出現(xiàn)指代該先行詞的代詞。ThebookthatIreadityesterdayisveryinteresting.（×）ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.（√）我昨天讀的那本書很有趣。3.what不引導(dǎo)定語從句定語從句中有關(guān)系代詞that和which而沒有what，what可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Allthatweneedisasupplyofoil.(that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞all)Whatweneedisasupplyofoil.(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)我們需要的是石油供應(yīng)。4.that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句（用逗號隔開）在非限制性定語從句，不能用關(guān)系代詞that。如果指代“人”，用who/whom，指代“物”，用which。Thebasketballstar,whotriedtomakeacomeback,attractedlotsofattention.這位打算復(fù)出的籃球明星引起了很多關(guān)注。Hehasbecomeadoctor,whichhewantedtobe.他成為了一名醫(yī)生，這是他以前一直夢想的。5.whose+n.=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.名詞之前必須有the。Iliveintheroomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.我住在窗子朝南開的房間里。6.定語從句中的主謂一致:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語時(shí),從句謂語通常與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。注意：當(dāng)先行詞為“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”

時(shí)定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)先行詞為“the(only/very)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”

時(shí)定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.他是一個(gè)樂于助人的好學(xué)生。Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.他們是樂于助人的好學(xué)生。Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraised.他是一個(gè)受到表揚(yáng)的學(xué)生之一。Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised.他是唯一一個(gè)受到表揚(yáng)的學(xué)生。7.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)(介詞提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空1.Shenevergivesintothose________havemoney.2.Thisisthebestfilm________hasbeenshownsofarinthecity.3.Februaryistheonlymonth________hasfewerthan30days.4.Mysonmadenotesofeverything________heread.5.Willyoushowmethegirl________nameisWeiFang?6.Pleasepassmethebook_____islyingonthetable.7.Mygrandparentslikestories________endingsarehappy.8.YuanLongpingisaChinesericescientist_____isleadingasearchtodevelop“searice”.9.Theteacher_______Ilikebestoftenencouragesmetofightformydream.10.Children______dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.二．關(guān)系副詞的用法一．關(guān)系副詞的基本用法關(guān)系副詞在從句中的作用例句When(=at/in/on+which)時(shí)間狀語Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwemovedintoournewhouse.（先行詞theday還原到從句中為:wemovedintoournewhouseontheday,作時(shí)間狀語，用when或onwhich）我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們搬入新房子的那一天。Where（=at/in/on+which）地點(diǎn)狀語ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.（先行詞thehouse還原到從句中為:Ilivedinthehousetwoyearsago,作地點(diǎn)狀語，用where或inwhich）這就是我兩年前居住的房子。Why(=forwhich)原因狀語Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.（先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:peopleliketravelingforthereasons,作原因狀語，用why或forwhich）人們喜歡旅游有很多原因。二．關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的正確使用先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞；主賓表，則用關(guān)系代詞I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIworkedwithyouonthefarm.(先行詞theday還原到從句中為:

Iworkedwithyouonthefarmontheday,作時(shí)間狀語，用when或onwhich)我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們在農(nóng)場一起工作的那一天。Heworksinthefactorywherethesebikesaremade.(先行詞thefactory還原到從句中為:thesebikesaremadeinthefactory,作地點(diǎn)狀語,用where或inwhich)他在制造這些自行車的那個(gè)工廠工作。Thisisthereason(that/which)heexplainedtous.(先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:heexplainedthereasontous,作explained的賓語，用that/which)這就是他對我們解釋的理由。Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry.(先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:hewassoangryforthereason,作原因狀語，

用why或forwhich)我不知道他如此生氣的原因。5.”介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句A.若先行詞指人，關(guān)系代詞whom；若先行詞指物，關(guān)系代詞用which。I’llneverforgetthedayonwhich（=when）firstmetLucy.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記初次見露西的那一天。Thisisthetowninwhich（=where）Shakespearewasborn.這就是莎士比亞出生的城鎮(zhèn)。I’dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonforwhich（=why）youwereabsent.我想讓你解釋一下你沒來的原因。B.關(guān)系代詞前介詞的選擇。將先行詞還原到定語從句中，即可確定介詞。（1）Ican’tremembertheageatwhichhewontheprize.我記不起他獲獎時(shí)的年齡了。(attheage）（2）Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他們正在尋找的文件已經(jīng)找到了。（searchfor）（3）Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.這種無色的氣體叫作氧氣，沒有了它我們無法生存。C.介詞可以后移，此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可以省略（省略時(shí)，介詞必須后移）Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.=Thisisthebookwhich/thatyouaskedfor.這是你要的那本書。注意一些與動詞搭配的介詞可以提到關(guān)系代詞之前構(gòu)成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，但有些含有介詞的動詞短語一般不能拆開，如lookfor,lookafter,callon,carefor,hearof,takecareof等。我必須要照顧的最小的妹妹非?？蓯邸！菊縈yyoungestsister,whomhavetolookafter,isverylovely.【誤】Myyoungestsister,afterwhomhavetolook,isverylovely.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系副詞或關(guān)系代詞填空1.Istillremembertheday______IfirstcametoBeijing.2.Thisistheroom______mygrandparentslivedlastyear.

3.Doyouknowthereason______herefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.4.Thisisthehospital______mymotherworks.

5.Thatisthereason______Ididthejob.6.______weknow,thisistheday______thequakehappenedthirty-fiveyearsago.7.Heworksinafactory______makesthistypeofiPhone.8.Thisisthehospital______wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.9.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.10.Theway_____ourchemistryteacherdidtheexperimentwasveryinteresting.四．寫作考點(diǎn)榮光學(xué)校九年級(2)班就“環(huán)境問題”召開了一次班會，并且以“OurEnvironmentinTenYears：forBetterorWorse？”為題進(jìn)行了一次討論。許多同學(xué)對未來表示樂觀，但也有些同學(xué)對未來有些擔(dān)心。請根據(jù)表格中的內(nèi)容提示，用英語寫一篇短文。樂觀者的觀點(diǎn)1.越來越多的人將成為環(huán)保主義者(environmentalist)；2．政府將采取更多的措施改善環(huán)境擔(dān)心者的觀點(diǎn)1.大量的樹木仍將被砍伐；2．私家車將越來越多你的觀點(diǎn)及你的打算自擬(至少兩點(diǎn))要求：1．短文中應(yīng)包含至少4個(gè)要點(diǎn)。2．書寫工整，語句通順、連貫，詞數(shù)不少于80。文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：optimistic樂觀的；takemeasuresto采取措施思路點(diǎn)撥組句成篇OurEnvironmentinTenYears：forBetterorWorse?Manystudentsareoptimisticaboutourenvironmentintenyears.Theythinkthattherewillbemoreenvironmentalistsinthefuture.What'smore，ourgovernmentwill____1__(采取更多的措施)toprotecttheenvironment.Sothey__2__(確信)thatourenvironmentwillbebetterinthefuture.However，otherstudents__3__(擔(dān)心)thefuture.Theythink__4__(大量的)treeswillstillbe__5__(砍倒)．Besides，__6__(隨著我們社會的發(fā)展)，therewillbemoreprivatecarsinourlives.Sotheenvironmentwillbeworsethanitisnow.__7__(依我看)，ourenvironmentintenyearswillbecomebetter，becausemanyofushavetheknowledgeofprotectingandimprovingourenvironment.Ithinkweshouldplantmoretreesandpickuplitteraroundus.Weworktogethertoprotectourenvironment.寫作遷移畢業(yè)在即,你是否注意到家里一堆堆廢棄的舊教材呢?是出售、捐贈還是留作紀(jì)念?最近有業(yè)內(nèi)人士指出,我國教科書用量巨大,若不能循環(huán)利用,會造成極大的浪費(fèi)。某中學(xué)就"教科書的循環(huán)利用"這一話題對該校學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。假如你是該校廣播站英語時(shí)光欄目的編輯,請結(jié)合以下調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇英文廣播稿。參考要點(diǎn):1.闡述調(diào)查結(jié)果(雙方觀點(diǎn),理由);2.陳述自己的看法(觀點(diǎn),處理方式);3.……要求:1.100詞左右,開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);2.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校的名稱。Dearschoolmates,Recently,it'ssaidthattheuseoftextbooksisbecomingabigwaste.Ourschoolhasdonearesearchaboutrecyclingtextbooks.五．閱讀拓展一閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Wouldyouliketodosomethingfortheearthbutdon’tknowhow?Thesedaystechnologyismakingit1forpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.ForBryanofCalifornia,allittakestomakeadifferenceishisphoneandatriptothe2The20-year-oldstudent3diving(潛水).Healsowantstokeeptheseasclean.LastJune,he4turnedhishobbyintoaneco-friendlymission(環(huán)保任務(wù)).OnedaywhenBryanwasplayingwithhis5,anewappcalledRubbishcaughthiseye.Theappcallsonpeoplearoundtheworldto6rubbishintheircommunities.Itorganizes(組織)localclean-upactivitieswhichmayhelpsolvethe7problem.Usersonlyneedto8theirphoneswiththeappandstartcleaning.ThatencouragedBryantospendhissummerdivingfor9.TheapphelpedBryan10whatkindofrubbishhewaspickingupandwherehewasfindingit.Italsotoldhimifhewalkedthisplacebefore.Withtheapp,Bryanfoundjoyinhelpingcleanuptheseas.Infact,Bryanhadsomuchfuncollectingunderwaterrubbishthathesearchedabout20000m2ofSanDiego’sbeaches!1．A．cheaper B．easier C．better D．slower2．A．beach B．city C．shop D．community3．A．practices B．a(chǎn)voids C．enjoys D．keeps4．A．quietly B．carefully C．unluckily D．finally5．A．pet B．phone C．toy D．dog6．A．lookup B．makeup C．pickup D．putup7．A．population B．pollution C．education D．communication8．A．connect B．share C．carry D．control9．A．fish B．treasure C．money D．rubbish10．A．spread B．record C．recycle D．divide二InordertobetterrecordtheexcitingmomentsoftheBeijingWinterOlympics,Chinahaddevelopedaseriesofhigh-speedcameras.Amongthem,LieBaoisthemostwell-known.LieBaoisdevelopedbyChinaMediaGroup,especiallyforbroadcasting(播送)speedskatingeventsatBeijing2022.Expertssaidthatduringthespeedskatingrace,theathletes(運(yùn)動員)couldreachaspeedof15to18meterspersecond(秒).Thecamerashouldbeasfastastheathletes.LieBaocanreachaspeedof25meterspersecond,or90kilometersperhour.Soitcouldcloselycatchtheathletes.NoteveryonecouldgototheNationalSpeedSkatingOvaltowatchthegames,butwewereabletofolloweverymoveoftheskaters,includingthelookontheirfaces.AftertheOlympics,thehigh-speedLieBaocameraisgoingtobeusedinsportstraining.Itcanhelpcoachesbetterrecordtheathletes’moves.1．WhatisLieBao?A．AvolunteeroftheOlympics. B．Ahigh-speedcamera.C．Akindofanimal. D．Asportstar.2．WhydidChinaMediaGroupdevelopLieBao?A．TobroadcastspeedskatingeventsatBeijing2022.B．TobroadcastspeedskiingeventsatBeijing2022.C．TobroadcastspeedskatingeventsatBeijing2021.D．TobroadcastspeedskiingeventsatBeijing2021.3．HowfastcanLieBaomove?A．15m/s. B．18m/s. C．25m/s. D．9,000m/s.4．WhatwillLieBaobeusedforaftertheOlympics?A．Outdoorgames. B．Filmmaking. C．Newsbroadcasting. D．Sportstraining.5．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTright?A．TherearenohighspeedcamerasexceptLieBao.B．TheBeijingWinterOlympicswasheldin2022.C．LieBaocanmovefasterthantheathletesduringtherace.D．LieBaohelpspeoplewatcheverymoveoftheskaters.三閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Theoil-paperumbrellahasahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina.Itisusedasawater-prooftoolfordailyuse.Oneofthemostpopular1(story)abouttheumbrellaisrelatedtoLuBan.ItissaidthatonceheandhisyoungersistervisitedtheWestLake.Itstartedrainingsuddenly.Thesistersaid,“Let’shave2competition.Beforesunrisetomorrow,whocomesup3awaytomakeitpossibleforpeopletovisittheWestLakeevenonrainydayswillbethewinner.”Manypeoplethoughtitwasdifficulttosolvethisproblem,4LuBanthoughtitwaseasy.Hecollectedsometoolsandmaterials5wereimportanttobuildpavilions(涼亭)andstartedworking.Thenextmorning,LuBanlookedathisworksandtalkedaboutthem6(proud):“Foronlyonenight,I7(finish)buildingpavilionsaroundthelake.”Atthattime,hissisterwasholdingsomethingunusualinherhand.LuBanwas8(surprise)tofindthatitcouldbeopenedintoaroundshape.Healsofoundthattheobject9(make)ofsilkandbamboostrips(竹條).Itwaslight,beautifulandeasy10(carry).LuBansaid,“Youwin,your‘pavilion’canprotectusagainstrain.”Sotheumbrellawasinvented.

專題04考點(diǎn)拓展4&定語從句&寫作指導(dǎo)（環(huán)境問題）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一．詞匯拓展 1二．考點(diǎn)拓展 2三．語法考點(diǎn) 6四．寫作考點(diǎn) 11五．閱讀拓展 13一．詞匯拓展1.electricity.n.電，電能→electric.adj.電力的，電能的2.pleasure.n.高興，愉快→pleasant.adj.令人愉快的，宜人的，友好的3.day.n.天，日→daily.adj.每天的，每日的4.accident.n.（交通）事故，意外遭遇→accidental.adj.偶然的，意外的→accidentally.adv.偶然地，意外地5.rule.n/v.統(tǒng)治，支配→ruler.n.支配者，統(tǒng)治者6.nation.n.國家→national.adj.國家的，名族的→nationality.n.名族，國籍international.adj.國際的，跨國的7.popular.adj.流行的，受歡迎的→popularity.n.流行，受到歡迎，喜愛8.translate.v.翻譯→translation.n.翻譯→translator.n.翻譯家，翻譯官9.music.n.音樂→musical.adj.音樂的，有音樂天賦的→musician.n.音樂家10.salt.n.鹽→salty.adj.咸的11.customer.n.顧客，客戶→custom.n.傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)俗→customs.n.海關(guān)12.professional.adj.專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的→profession.n.職業(yè)，專業(yè)13.attend.v.出席，參加→attendance.n.出席14.valuable.adj.貴重的，很有用的，寶貴的→value.n.價(jià)值觀，價(jià)值，重要→value.v.重視，看中→→valueless.adj.沒有價(jià)值的，不值得的15.noise.n.聲音，噪音→noisy.adj.噪音的,吵鬧的16.sleep.n/v.睡覺，睡眠→asleep.adj.睡著的→sleepy.adj.困倦的，困的17.suit.n.西服，套裝→suit.v.適合，適應(yīng)→suitable.adj.合適的18.leader.n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)袖→lead.v.帶領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→leading.adj.引領(lǐng)的，前沿的19.medical.adj.醫(yī)療的，醫(yī)學(xué)的→medicine.n.藥品20.energy.n.精力，力量→energetic.adj.精力旺盛的，精力充沛的21.burial.n.埋葬，安葬→bury.v.埋葬22.honor.n.成功，勝利→honor.v.給予….榮譽(yù)→honorable.adj.榮耀的，榮譽(yù)的23.ancient.adj.古代的，古老的→ancestor.n.祖先，先人二．考點(diǎn)拓展考點(diǎn)1prefer的用法Peopleoftenprefertocarvebybandratherthanusethemachine,becausetheworksbyhandarenatural.按要求完成句子。1.We'dpreferplayingoutdoorswatchingtelevision.(盲填)

2.Iprefer(see)adoctorassoonaspossible.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

3.Wewouldpreferyou(call)meuptomorrowat6:30.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

4.他們寧可待在家里,也不愿去看電影。(根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子)Theypreferredathomeratherthanthemovies.

Theypreferredathometothemovies.

1.to2.tosee3.tocall4.tostaygotostayinggoingto考點(diǎn)2.suppose的用法Wearesupposedtoputupourhandbeforewespeakinclass.suppose是及物動詞,常用來表示說話人的看法、猜測或假設(shè)。其主要用法歸納如下:在口語中,常用Isupposeso.(我認(rèn)為是這樣。)和Idon'tsupposeso./Isupposenot.(我認(rèn)為不是這樣。)例如:Isupposeso.=Ithinkso.Idon'tsupposeso.=Idon'tthinkso.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He(suppose)tobeapersonwhocanrunfastestamongus.

2.Iftheteacherasksaquestioninclass,youaresupposed(give)ananswer.

3.JacksupposesJaneEyre(be)oneofthegreatestbooksthathehaseverread.

4.You(suppose)makeyourselflookcleanandtidy,whateveryouwear.

1.issupposed2.togive3.tobe4.aresupposedto考點(diǎn)3.worth的用法ThespiritofLeiFengisworthspreadingforever.worth意為“值得;值”時(shí),是形容詞,也可以用作名詞。其具體搭配如下:worth有時(shí)也可用作定語,但不能單獨(dú)放在名詞前面,需用作后置定語。不過此時(shí),worth后面必須接一個(gè)v.-ing。例如:Tianjinisacityworthvisiting.天津是一個(gè)值得參觀的城市。[聯(lián)想]worthy(adj.)值得(或應(yīng)得)……的一、根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。1.The(價(jià)值)ofourlivescomesnotinwhatwedoorwhoweknow,butinwhoweare.

2.Themicrocomputer(值一萬美元).

1.worth2.isworthtenthousanddollars二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.ThisTVplayisreallyinteresting.Itisworth(watch)twice.

2.Thisisaquestionworth(discuss).

1.watching2.discussing考點(diǎn)4.value的用法Weshouldvaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsinoureverydaylives.value可用作動詞和名詞,具體用法如下:一、根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。Ifyouhavesuchafriend,youshould(重視)him.

二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。1.我們最好珍惜雙方之間的友誼。We'dbetter.

2.直到失去了健康,人們方知健康的重要性。Peopledon'tknowuntiltheyloseit.

3.這本書將對他的研究有很大價(jià)值。Thisbookwillbeofgreattohiminhisstudy.

一、value二、1.valuethefriendshipbetweenus2.thevalue/importanceofhealth3.value考點(diǎn)5.辨析except、besides、but與exceptforIreallygetmadwhenyoutakethingswithoutasking,butbreakingyourtoywasn'tright.詞匯用法except意為“除……之外(沒有……)”,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)在同類人或物中除去一個(gè)或幾個(gè)人或物,表示一種排除關(guān)系,有“減去”之意besides意為“除……之外(還有……)”,指在整體中加入一部分,表示一種累加關(guān)系,有“加上”之意but和except的用法基本相同,但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)整句的內(nèi)容,且常構(gòu)成nothingbut、anythingbut、whobut等結(jié)構(gòu)exceptfor意為“除……之外”,表示對整體主要部分的肯定和對局部的否定,起部分修正作用根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子,每空一詞。1.除了數(shù)學(xué)外,他對所有科目都感興趣。Heisinterestedinallsubjectsmathematics.

2.除了這些書,我還有一本字典。Ihaveadictionarythesebooks.

3.他通常步行上班,但今天他開車了。Heusuallywalkstowork,hetookthecartoday.

4.這篇文章寫得很好,除了一些小錯誤。Thearticleiswellwritten,afewminormistakes.

1.except2.besides3.but4.exceptfor考點(diǎn)6.afford的用法Thesehousesaresoexpensivethathecan'taffordtobuyone.afford為動詞,常與can/could或can't/couldn't等連用,意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起/不起某事或某物的費(fèi)用/損失/后果”等,其搭配如下:根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。1.I(負(fù)擔(dān)不起)togotoarestauranteverydaybecauseIdon'thavemuchmoney.

2.“IwillbuyitforyouwhenIcan(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)it,”saidhisfather.

3.Themothercouldn't(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)herchildren'seducationatthattime.

1.can'tafford2.afford3.afford考點(diǎn)7.setout的用法Weshouldn'tforgetwherewecamefromaswesetoutonournewjourney.短語setout有多種意思,用法如下:相關(guān)短語:setoff出發(fā)、動身;setabout著手、開始做;setoutonsth.開始做某事;setup建立。選詞填空。A.setdownB.setoutC.setupD.takeoff1.—Theyhavepushedthemselvestoohard,spending10hourspracticingeveryday.—Ithinkso,buttheyhaveto.Youknowtheytowinfirstprize.

2.Wegatheredatthefootofthehillandtothepeak.

3.Theyallontheirjourneytogether,andendedupatananthill.

1.B2.B3.B三．語法考點(diǎn)定語從句一．關(guān)系代詞的用法在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有兩種:關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which,as和關(guān)系副詞when,where,why.關(guān)系代詞3個(gè)作用：1）連接作用2）替代作用3）在從句中充當(dāng)成分：作主語/賓語/表語/定語。如下圖所示：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句↓↓↓Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.一．判斷定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的方法：如果名詞或代詞后有一個(gè)句子，并且該名詞或代詞在句子中充當(dāng)成分，則該句子就是定語從句。主要按照以下三步來判斷：1.找準(zhǔn)先行詞（定語從句前的名詞或代詞）。2.把先行詞還原到定語從句中，看充當(dāng)什么成分。3.根據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞忠约熬湟鈦磉x用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。二．關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞指代在從句中的成分that人/物主語/賓語/表語which物主語/賓語/表語who人主語/賓語/表語whom人賓語whose人/物定語三．易混的關(guān)系代詞辨析：（一）that和which1.用that，不用which的情況①當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞：everything,anything,nothing,all,any,much,many,some,few,little,none等或當(dāng)先行詞被no,some,any,all,much,little等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that。Togetthejobstarted,allthatIneedisyourpermission.要開始工作，我所需要的是你的許可。

IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事嗎?

Heansweredfewquestionsthatwereaskedbythereporters.他幾乎沒有回答記者提問的問題。②當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等詞修飾時(shí)。That’stheonlythingthatwecandonowThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.這正是我找的鋼筆。③當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksthatweresoldinthisbookstore.這是這家書店售出的最有趣的書之一。

Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.該做的第一件事是弄點(diǎn)吃的。④當(dāng)先行詞中同時(shí)包括人和物時(shí)。I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.我要談?wù)撘幌挛以L問的國家和人民。⑤當(dāng)要避免與疑問詞which重復(fù)時(shí)。

WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?那件體恤衫最適合我？2.用which，不用that的情況①在非限制性定語從句中Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的運(yùn)動。②介詞提前時(shí)，不用that，而用which，介詞不提前時(shí)，用that和which都可。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(that/which)myfatherlivedinlastyear.這是我父親去年居住過的房子。四．關(guān)系代詞易錯點(diǎn)：1.關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞做賓語時(shí)，在限制性定語從句中可省略，在非限制性定語從句中不省略。Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定語從句中作visit的賓語，可以省略）杭州是我總想?yún)⒂^的一個(gè)美麗城市。Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定語從句中作visited的賓語，不可省略）杭州是一個(gè)美麗的城市，我上周去參觀過。2.從句中代詞的重復(fù)多余定語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞,從句中不能再出現(xiàn)指代該先行詞的代詞。ThebookthatIreadityesterdayisveryinteresting.（×）ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.（√）我昨天讀的那本書很有趣。3.what不引導(dǎo)定語從句定語從句中有關(guān)系代詞that和which而沒有what，what可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Allthatweneedisasupplyofoil.(that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞all)Whatweneedisasupplyofoil.(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)我們需要的是石油供應(yīng)。4.that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句（用逗號隔開）在非限制性定語從句，不能用關(guān)系代詞that。如果指代“人”，用who/whom，指代“物”，用which。Thebasketballstar,whotriedtomakeacomeback,attractedlotsofattention.這位打算復(fù)出的籃球明星引起了很多關(guān)注。Hehasbecomeadoctor,whichhewantedtobe.他成為了一名醫(yī)生，這是他以前一直夢想的。5.whose+n.=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.名詞之前必須有the。Iliveintheroomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.我住在窗子朝南開的房間里。6.定語從句中的主謂一致:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語時(shí),從句謂語通常與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。注意：當(dāng)先行詞為“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”

時(shí)定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)先行詞為“the(only/very)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”

時(shí)定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.他是一個(gè)樂于助人的好學(xué)生。Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.他們是樂于助人的好學(xué)生。Heisoneofthestudents