四川省眉山市2024屆高三下學期第三次診斷考試英語試題

四川省眉山市2024屆高三下學期第三次診斷考試英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀短文，從每題所給四個選項中，選出最佳選項。BestFamilyVacationsinEuropeBarcelonaInBarcelona,Gaudf'sartworkissuretoimpressadultsandmakechildrenfeelasifthey'vewanderedintoafantasyland.Similarly,thestreetperformancessurpriseaudiencesofallages.Plus,familiescanalwayswatchtheFCBarcelonateamplayasoccermatchatCampNoustadium.ParisTheEiffelTowerissuretodelightyourchildren,whetheryouchoosetotakealifttothetoporseeitatnight.NearbyDisneylandParis,whosefairy-talesettingleavesalastingimpressiononitsvisitors,isalsoapopularattractionforthosewithlittleones.PragueKidswillgetakickoutofseeingthebizarreDancingHouse,engagingwiththeinteractiveexhibits,andexploringPragueCastle.Meanwhile,parentswilllovethecity'srichculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))andreasonableprices.Becauseofitssmallsize,Pragueisaneasilywalkablecity,whichmakesitperfectforthosewhowanttosavemoneyontransportation.LondonThiscityattractsvisitorsyoungandoldwithitsLondonZoo,WestEndtheatredistrict,LondonEyeandPlatform93/4atKing'sCrossStation,amongothersights.Manyofthetopattractionsofferguidedtours,whichareexcellentwaysforfamiliestolearnaboutLondon'shistoryandculture.FromplayingsoccerinBarcelonatotouringLondonEye,Europefeaturesactivitiesfortravelersofallagesandinterests.Ifinterested,clickheretoknowmore.1．WhatdoBarcelonaandParishaveincommon?A．Theyofferguidedtours.B．Theyareknownforsportsstadiums.C．Theybringchildrenintoaworldofimagination.D．Theysharetheexperienceofstreetperformance.2．Whichcityispedestrianfriendly?A．Barcelona. B．Paris. C．Prague. D．London.3．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Onawebsite. B．Inamagazine.C．Inahistorybook. D．Inatraveljournal.閱讀短文，從每題所給四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Farmtoschooleventsarehappeningalloverthecountrythismonth.Theeventsareaimedatbringingfreshfoodtostudents'plates.And,afteradeclineinnutritioneducationinU.S.schoolsinrecentdecades,there'snewmomentum(勢頭),toweavefoodandcookingintothecurriculumagain."I'dlovetoseeitbroughtbackandhavethesciencearoundhealthyeatingintegrated,"saysStacyDean,deputyundersecretaryforfood,nutritionandconsumerservicesattheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.DeantoldmeshewasinspiredbyavisittoWatkinsElementary,inWashington,D.C.wherethisideaisgerminating.Studentsgrowvegetablesintheirschoolgarden.Theyalsorolluptheirsleevesintheschool'skitchentoparticipateinaFRESHFARMFoodPrintsclass,whichintegratescookingandnutritioneducation.EvaluationsshowparticipationinFRESHFARMprogramsisassociatedwithincreasedpreferenceforfruitsandvegetables.And,theCDCpointstoevidencethatnutritioneducationmayhelpstudentsmaintainahealthyweightandcanalsohelpstudentsrecognizetheconnectionbetweenfoodandemotionalwellbeing.Giventhekeyroledietplaysinpreventingchronic(慢性的)disease,theagencysaysitwouldbeidealtooffermorenutritioneducation.Atatimewhendiet-relateddiseaseisaleadingcauseofdeath,andunhealthyeatinghabitsareentrenched(根深蒂固的)inU.S.culture,it'sunrealistictothinkthatacookingcurriculumcouldovercomesuchasweeping,societalproblem."Weknowfromyearsofevidencethatweneedmultiplethingstocometogethertosupporthealthyeating,"saysAngelaOdoms-Young,aprofessorofmaternalandchildnutritionatCornellUniversity.AtatimewhentheU.S.spendsbillionsofdollarsondiet-relateddisease,aninvestmentinnutritioneducationmakessense,saystheUSDA'sStacyDean."Foodissofundamentaltolifeandgoodhealthanditisabsolutelyworthyofsometimeinthebasiccurriculum,"shesays.Thehopeisthatintegratingnutritionandcookingintoaschoolprogramwillgivekidstheskillsandinspirationtoeatwell,andhelpputthemonahealthypath.4．WheredidStacyDean'sideacomefrom?A．HervisittoWatkinsElementary.B．HerworkattheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.C．ThedeclineinnutritioneducationinU.S.schools.D．Thenewtrendtobringbackcookingintoschoolcurriculum.5．WhichisfalseabouttheFRESHFARMprogram?A．Studentscanraiseanimalsinschool.B．Itcanprotectstudentsfromchronicdisease.C．Studentsbecomemoreinterestedinfruitsandvegetables.D．Studentscandosomegardeningandcookingintheprogram.6．WhatcanwelearnaccordingtoAngelaOdoms-Young?A．Cookingcurriculumcansolvethediet-relateddiseaseproblem.B．Weneedtoworktogetherinordertokeepahealthydiet.C．Peoplehavechangedtheirunhealthyeatinghabitsnowadays.D．Diet-relateddiseaseusedtobeacauseofdeathinU.S.culture.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Cookingisfundamentalinschooleducation.B．Addnutritioneducationinschoolcurriculum.C．Investmentinnutritioneducationmakessense.D．Cookingandgardeningatschoolinspirebetternutrition.閱讀短文，從每題所給四個選項中，選出最佳選項。HarvardUniversity'sClaudiaGoldinhaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinEconomicsforherresearchonwomeninthelabormarket.Shestudiesthechangingroleofworkingwomenthroughthecenturies,andthecausesoftheconsistentpaygapbetweenmenandwomen.Theawardcomeswithaprizeofabout$1million.Goldinisthethirdwomantoreceivetheprize."ClaudiaGoldin'sdiscoverieshavevastsocietysignificance,"saidRandiHjalmarsson,amemberoftheNobelcommittee."Shehasshownusthatthenatureofthisproblemorthesourceofthesepossibleorunderlyinggendergapschangesthroughouthistoryandwiththecourseofdevelopment."Goldin'sresearchshowedthatwomen'sroleinthejobmarkethasnotmovedinastraightline,buthasrisenandfallenwithsocialregulationsandwomen'sownideasabouttheirprospectsintheworkplaceandthehome.Someoftheseideasareshapedearlyinlifeandareslowtochange."Shecanexplainwhythegendergapsuddenlystartedtocloseinthe1980sandthesurprisingroleofthebirthcontrolpillandchangingexpectation,"Hjalmarssonsaid."Andshecanexplainwhytheearningsgaphasstoppedclosingtodayandtheroleofparenthood."Lookingbackthehistoryofwomenintheworkplacewaseasiersaidthandone.TheNobelcommitteesaidGoldinoftenhadtodealwithspottyrecords.WomencurrentlyfillnearlyhalfthejobsintheU.S.buttypicallyearnless.Theybrieflyoutnumberedmenonpaylistsinlate2019andearly2020,butwomendroppedoutoftheworkforceinlargenumbersearlyinthepandemic(大流行病),andtheirrankshaveonlyrecentlyrecovered.Someforecastersthinkwomen'sroleintheworkplacewillcontinuetogrowastheypassmenoncollegecampusesandasservicefieldssuchashealthcareexpand."Understandingwomen'sroleinlaborisimportantforsociety,"saidJakobSvensson,chairoftheprizecommittee."ThankstoClaudiaGoldin'sgroundbreakingresearch,wenowknowmuchmoreabouttheunderlyingfactorsandwhichbarriersmayneedtobeaddressedinthefuture."8．Whywasthe2023NobelPrizeinEconomicsawardedtoGoldin?A．Sherealizedtheimportanceofwomeninthelabourmarket.B．Sheresearchedthechangingroleofworkingwomenforalongtime.C．Shefoundthecausesofincomeinequalitybetweenmenandwomen.D．Shedidpioneeringstudiesontheroleofwomeninthelabourmarket.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"underlying"inparagraph2probablymean?A．Organic. B．Potential. C．Fundamental. D．Preferred.10．Whydidthegendergapsuddenlystarttonarrowinthe1980s?A．Parenthoodplayedanimportantrole.B．Women'sownideasaboutworkhaveimproved.C．Theincomegapbetweenmenandwomenhasbeennarrowed.D．Birthcontrolpillsandchangesinexpectationplayedanamazingrole.11．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph6?A．Genderpaygapremains.B．Womenemployedhadbrieflyoutperformedmen.C．Women'sroleintheworkplacewillcontinuetogrow.D．Manywomenpulledoutoftheworkforceinthepandemic.閱讀短文，從每題所給四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Whathavehumansdonetodeservedogs?Theygreetuswhenwecomehome,comfortuswhenwe'resadandgenerallyactasloyalcompanions.Now,researchersareinvestigatingwhethertumors(腫瘤)indogsmayhelptreattumorsinhumans.InearlyApril,theJacksonLaboratorybegancollectingsamplesofcanine(犬的)tumors.Cellsfromthesetumorsinsertedintomicecouldhelptestnewdrugsandimproveourunderstandingabouthowcancerdevelopsandprogresses.Althoughcancerresultsfrommanyfactors,genesplayacriticalrole.Thatmeansthegeneticmakeupofatumorcanhelpdeterminewhichdrugsworkagainstit.Sohavingabroadanddiversepoolofgeneticmakeupsincreasesthechancesoffindingtherightwaytoattackeachdisease.Thisthinkingisparticularlyrelevantforrarecancersandraremutations(突變).Drawingfromalargerpoolmeansmoregeneticmutationstoresearch.Andusingtumorsfromdogsisanearlyidealwaytowidenthatpool.They'reexposedtomanyofthesameenvironmentalfactorsthatmightcausecancerintheirowners,notesDr.ChristopherFulkerson.Someboneandbraincancersarefarmorecommonindogsthantheyareinpeople,makingsampleseasiertofind.Inmanycases,thecellsinadog'scancerlookandactthesameastheywouldinahuman.Theycanevencarrythesamegeneticmutations.However,notallcaninecancerswillbeparticularlyhelpfulforhuman-focusedresearch.Forsometypes,thesimilaritiesbetweenhumananddogdiseaseswillbesignificant.Butwhentheyaren't,warnsDr.JaimeModiano,thedifferencescouldhaveseriousconsequencesfordrugdevelopment.Butevenwhentheresearchdoesn'tadvanceknowledgeofhumancancers,itcouldstillhelpimprovethetreatmentofdogsdiagnosed(確診)withcancer.That'stheleastwecandoforourfaithfulfriends.12．Whatarethepurposesofcollectingcaninetumors?A．Tohelpdesignnewdrugs.B．Tobetterunderstandcancer.C．Toprovedogsareourfaithfulfriends.D．Toshowcancerresultsfrommanyfactors.13．Whyisusingtumorsfromdogsanidealway?A．Manydogshaveboneandbraincancers.B．Dogsandtheirownersaregoodcompanions.C．Dogsandtheirownershavesimilarlivingconditionsandcancertypes.D．Usingtumorsfromdogscanhelpdeterminewhichdrugsworkbetter.14．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningDr.JaimeModiano?A．It'suselesstostudycancersfromdogs.B．Studiesoncancersfromdogswillbringharmfulresults.C．Cancersfromdogsmaynotbehelpfulforfightinghumancancers.D．Somesimilaritiesbetweenhumananddogdiseasesaresignificant.15．What'stheauthor'sattitudetotheresearch?A．Unconcerned. B．Doubtful. C．Pessimistic. D．Optimistic.二、第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Teachingyourchildrenaboutworldcultureshelpsthemappreciatethedifferencesinpeopleandtheirtraditions.16．Useyourimaginationtoteachyourchildrenaboutworldcultures.CreateaPassportInternationaltravelrequiresapassport,sostartyourforeignadventuresbycreatingapassport.Helphermakeasmallbooktoserveasherpassport.17．Thatway,youcandraworglueapictureofthecountry'sflagtostampthepagesofherpassportasshe"travels"tolearnaboutworldcultures.LearnCulturalCustomsWhatwemightdoinourhomecountryisn'tnecessarilyappropriateinothercountries.Learningabouteachculture'scustomscanbeimportantforyouboth._18．YourlefthandisconsidereduncleaninIndia,sopassallfoodorobjectstootherpeoplewithyourrightone.TeachtheLanguageLearningaforeignlanguageisfunforchildren.19．Learnbasicwordsyourchildalreadyknows.Teachbothwrittenandspokenforms.CelebrateHolidaysDecorateyourhomeasyouwouldfindstreets,businessesandotherhousesfortheirobservedholidays.Celebratenationalholidaysjustaspeopleinthatcountrydo.Forexample,Australia,Canada,NewZealandandtheUnitedKingdomobserveBoxingDay.Theholiday'straditionincludesgivingmoneyanddonationstoorganizationsandpeopleinneed._20．Youcanalsodropafewbillsordonatethingstoanonprofit.A.Youcelebrateitwithfireworks.BThepagesshouldbeblankontheinside.C.PointingyourfeetinThailandisoffensive.D.Takethemtoaheritageandculturalcentrewhenyouarefree.E.Whenyou'reexploringworldcultures,studyeachcountry'sofficiallanguage.F.Tocelebrate,thetwoofyoucanboxsomecannedgoodsforthelocalfoodbank.G.Putdownthetextbookandtravelaroundtheglobewithouteverneedingasuitcase.三、第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。HundredsofmedicalstudentscrowdedintoalecturehallintheBronx,NewYorkonFeb.26,2024.Dr.RuthGottesman,a94-year-oldhonoraryprofessorattheircollege,21．thatshewoulddonate$1,000,000,000tothecollege—the22．donationevermadetoanymedicalschool.Shesaid,"StartingfromAugustthisyear,EinsteinMedicalSchoolwillbetuition（學費）23．."Thenenthusiasticcheers24．inthehall,andthestudentsjumpedupand25．wildly.Thetuitionfeeofthiscollegeis$63,000peryear,andmanygraduates26．over$200,000indebtatthebeginningoftheir27．.Thecollegestatedthat28．Gottesman'sdonation,allstudentsintheschoolwillnolongerneedto29．a(chǎn)nyfeesstartingfromthisterm.DavidGottesmanisthe30．ofFirstManhattan,aWallStreetinvestmentfirm,andaclosefriendofWarrenBuffett,thestockgod.The31．betweenthetwobeganin1963andlastedfordecades.UnderBuffett'sguidance,Gottesman32．a(chǎn)significantamountofvaluableshares.In2022,DavidGottesmanpassedawayattheageof96.Ruthwas33．shockedtolearntheexactsizeofmoney34．herhusbanddied."Iwassurprisedtofindthatheleftmealargefortune,"sherecalled.Thewillleftbyherhusbandisvery35．:"Useittodoanythingyouthinkisright."36．withthishugemoney,shehardlyhesitatedanddecidedtodonateitalltoEinsteinMedicalSchool.Shesaidthatallherchildrensupportedher37．.Shealsoexpressedherhopeto38．outstandingstudentswhowere39．hesitanttoapplytoEinsteinMedicalSchoolduetofinancialreasonsby40．tuitionpressure.21．A．a(chǎn)nnounced B．published C．reported D．a(chǎn)ddressed22．A．smallest B．favorite C．kindest D．largest23．A．half B．free C．part D．willing24．A．laughed B．broke C．erupted D．started25．A．a(chǎn)pplauded B．screamed C．whistled D．celebrated26．A．carry B．owe C．bring D．fetch27．A．causes B．careers C．researches D．lives28．A．dueto B．a(chǎn)ccordingtoC．exceptfor D．inspiteof29．A．a(chǎn)ccomplish B．contribute C．complete D．pay30．A．employee B．founder C．cooperator D．customer31．A．quarrel B．debate C．friendship D．struggle32．A．collected B．gathered C．offered D．a(chǎn)ccumulated33．A．completely B．frequently C．constantly D．hardly34．A．onlyif B．ifonly C．onlyafter D．tillonly35．A．difficult B．simple C．complicated D．short36．A．Covered B．Declined C．Faced D．Dealt37．A．determination B．decisionC．theory D．principle38．A．train B．a(chǎn)cquire C．employ D．a(chǎn)ttract39．A．totally B．continuously C．originally D．regularly40．A．interrupting B．disturbing C．controlling D．relieving四、第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sleepexpertsrecommendteenagersget8to10hoursofsleepeverynight.Manycollegestudentsexperience41．(regular)andinsufficientsleep.DavidCreswell,professorofMIT,ledateamofresearcherstoevaluate42．relationshipbetweensleepandgradepointaverage(GPA)."Animalstudiessofar43．(show)howcriticalsleepisforlearningandmemory,"saidCreswell,"Hereweshowhowthisworktranslatestohumans.The44．(little)nightlysleepafirstyearcollegestudentgetsatthebeginningoftheschooltermpredictslowerGPAattheendoftheterm.Lackofsleepmaybehurtingstudents'45．(able)tolearnintheircollegeclassrooms."Thestudyevaluatedmorethan600first-yearstudentsacrossfivestudiesatthreeuniversities.ThestudentsworewristFitbitdevices46．(monitor)andrecordtheirsleeppatterns.Theresearchersfoundthatstudentsinthestudysleeponaverage6.5hoursanight.More47．(surprise),theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhoreceivelessthansixhoursofsleepexperiencedapronounceddeclineinacademicperformance."Onceyoustartdippingbelowsixhours,youarestartingtoaccumulatemassivesleepdebt48．canharmastudent'shealthandstudyhabits,49．(damage)thewholesystem,"saidCreswell."Mostsurprisingtomewasthatnomatter50．wedidtomaketheeffectgoaway,itcontinued."五、短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。IamwritingtoexpressmythankforyourcompanywhileIwasonthissummercamp,whichwastheunforgettableexperienceforme.ThroughvisitAmericanuniversities,Igotagoodknowledgeoftheminsomeway,whichbroadenedmyhorizonandintroducemetomoreaboutAmericanculture.Besides,duringthesummercamp,ImadesomeAmericanfriends,thatgavemelotsofassistance.Moreover,inanenvironmentexposingtoEnglishlanguage,myEnglishlisteningandspeakingskillsgreatgotimproved.WouldyoulikejointhesummercampinChinainnextsummer?I'llbeyourbestguideandyoucanexperiencetraditionChineseculture.I'mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.六、書面表達（滿分25分）52．假定你是李華。你的澳大利亞筆友Catherine對中國古典小說非常感興趣。請你用英語給她寫一封電子郵件，推薦你最喜歡的中國古典小說《西游記》，內(nèi)容如下：1.你的推薦；2.主要內(nèi)容介紹。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.郵件的開頭已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；3.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；4.參考詞匯：《西游記》JourneytotheWest唐僧TangMonk取經(jīng)tofetchtheBuddhistscripturesDearCatherine,YoursLiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了歐洲四個旅游城市中適合家庭出行的景點，涉及的四個城市各有其特點，所介紹的旅游景點也各不相同，包含歷史遺產(chǎn)、博物館、美術(shù)館等文化場所。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Barcelona部分中的"InBarcelona,Gaudf'sartworkissuretoimpressadultsandmakechildrenfeelasifthey'vewanderedintoafantasyland."在巴塞羅那，高夫的藝術(shù)作品一定會給成年人留下深刻的印象，讓孩子們覺得自己好像走進了一個幻想的世界；以及Paris部分中的"NearbyDisneylandParis,whosefairy-talesettingleavesalastingimpressiononitsvisitors,isalsoapopularattractionforthosewithlittleones."附近的巴黎迪士尼樂園，其童話般的背景給游客留下了深刻的印象，也是一個受孩子們歡迎的景點。可知，巴塞羅那與巴黎都能使孩子進入一個充滿想象的世界。故選C。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Prague部分中的"Becauseofitssmallsize,Pragueisaneasilywalkablecity,whichmakesitperfectforthosewhowanttosavemoneyontransportation."由于面積小，布拉格是一個方便步行的城市，這使得它非常適合那些想要節(jié)省交通費的人?？芍?，布拉格適合步行。故選C。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Ifinterested,clickheretoknowmore."如果有興趣，請點擊這里了解更多?？芍?，本文來自于網(wǎng)站。故選A。【答案】4．A5．A6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了美國一些中小學正在把園藝和烹飪課程加入學校課程來提升孩子對營養(yǎng)和健康的認知。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標題歸納三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"DeantoldmeshewasinspiredbyavisittoWatkinsElementary,inWashington,D.C.,wherethisideaisgerminating."Dean告訴我，她是在訪問華盛頓特區(qū)的沃特金斯小學時受到啟發(fā)的，這個想法就是在那里萌發(fā)的?？芍?，史黛西·迪恩的想法來自她對沃特金斯小學的訪問。故選A。5．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Studentsgrowvegetablesintheirschoolgarden.Theyalsorolluptheirsleevesintheschool'skitchentoparticipateinaFRESHFARMFoodPrintsclass,whichintegratescookingandnutritioneducation."學生們在學校的花園里種蔬菜。他們還在學校的廚房里卷起袖子，參加了一個將烹飪和營養(yǎng)教育結(jié)合起來的FRESHFARMFoodPrints課程；以及第三段中的"EvaluationsshowparticipationinFRESHFARMprogramsisassociatedwithincreasedpreferenceforfruitsandvegetables.And,theCDCpointstoevidencethatnutritioneducationmayhelpstudentsmaintainahealthyweightandcanalsohelpstudentsrecognizetheconnectionbetweenfoodandemotionalwellbeing.Giventhekeyroledietplaysinpreventingchronic(慢性的)disease,"評估顯示，參加"新鮮農(nóng)場"項目與對水果和蔬菜的偏好增加有關(guān)。而且，疾病預(yù)防控制中心指出，有證據(jù)表明，營養(yǎng)教育可以幫助學生保持健康的體重，也可以幫助學生認識到食物和情緒健康之間的聯(lián)系?？紤]到飲食在預(yù)防慢性疾病中發(fā)揮的關(guān)鍵作用?？芍?，F(xiàn)RESHFARM項目中中學生種植蔬菜、參與烹飪，這個項目使學生們對水果和蔬菜更感興趣，并可以保護學生免受慢性病的困擾。"學生可以在學校養(yǎng)動物"錯誤。故選A。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"‘Weknowfromyearsofevidencethatweneedmultiplethingstocometogethertosupporthealthyeating,'saysAngelaOdoms-Young,aprofessorofmaternalandchildnutritionatCornellUniversity."康奈爾大學婦幼營養(yǎng)學教授AngelaOdoms-Young說："多年的證據(jù)表明，我們需要多種因素共同支持健康飲食。"可知，AngelaOdoms-Young認為為了保持健康的飲食，我們需要共同努力。故選B。7．考查標題歸納。根據(jù)第一段"Farmtoschooleventsarehappeningalloverthecountry.Thismonthaimedatbringingfreshfoodtostudents'plates.And,afteradeclineinnutritioneducationinU.S.schoolsinrecentdecades,there'snewmomentum(勢頭),toweavefoodandcookingintothecurriculumagain."全國各地都在舉辦從農(nóng)場到學校的活動。這個月的目標是把新鮮的食物帶到學生的盤子里。而且，在近幾十年來美國學校的營養(yǎng)教育有所下降之后，又出現(xiàn)了將食物和烹飪重新納入課程的新勢頭；結(jié)合本文報道了美國一些中小學正在把園藝和烹飪課程加入學校課程來提升孩子對營養(yǎng)和健康的認知。"在學校烹飪和園藝可以促進更好的營養(yǎng)"適合作文章標題。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．D9．B10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈佛大學的克勞迪婭·戈爾丁因其對勞動力市場中女性的研究獲得了2023年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學獎。她研究了幾個世紀以來職業(yè)女性角色的變化，以及男女薪酬差距持續(xù)存在的原因。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"HarvardUniversity'sClaudiaGoldinhaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinEconomicsforherresearchonwomeninthelabormarket.Shestudiesthechangingroleofworkingwomenthroughthecenturies,andthecausesoftheconsistentpaygapbetweenmenandwomen."哈佛大學的克勞迪婭·戈爾丁因其對勞動力市場中女性的研究獲得了2023年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學獎。她研究了幾個世紀以來職業(yè)女性角色的變化，以及男女收入差距持續(xù)存在的原因；以及最后一段中的"ThankstoClaudiaGoldin'sgroundbreakingresearch,wenowknowmuchmoreabouttheunderlyingfactorsandwhichbarriersmayneedtobeaddressedinthefuture."多虧了克勞迪婭·戈爾丁的開創(chuàng)性研究，我們現(xiàn)在對潛在的因素以及未來可能需要解決的障礙有了更多的了解?？芍?023年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學獎授予了戈爾丁是因為她對婦女在勞動力市場中的作用進行了開創(chuàng)性的研究。故選D。9．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"Shehasshownusthatthenatureofthisproblemorthesourceofthesepossibleor"以及"gendergapschangesthroughouthistoryandwiththecourseofdevelopment"可知，她向我們表明，這一問題的本質(zhì)或這些可能的或underlying性別差距的根源會隨著歷史和發(fā)展進程的變化而變化。劃線詞與possible為并列關(guān)系，意思是可能的或潛在的。劃線詞意思是"潛在的"。故選B。10．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段"‘Shecanexplainwhythegendergapsuddenlystartedtocloseinthe1980sandthesurprisingroleofthebirthcontrolpillandchangingexpectation,'Hjalmarssonsaid.‘Andshecanexplainwhytheearningsgaphasstoppedclosingtodayandtheroleofparenthood.'""她可以解釋為什么性別差距在20世紀80年代突然開始縮小，以及避孕藥的驚人作用和不斷變化的期望，"Hjalmarsson說。"她可以解釋為什么收入差距今天停止縮小，以及父母的角色。"可知，性別差距在20世紀80年代突然開始縮小是因為避孕藥和期望的變化發(fā)揮了驚人的作用。故選D。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的"WomencurrentlyfillnearlyhalfthejobsintheU.S.buttypicallyearnless."目前，女性占據(jù)了美國近一半的工作崗位，但通常收入較低?？赏浦?，性別薪酬差距依然存在。故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．C14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了現(xiàn)在，研究人員正在調(diào)查狗身上的腫瘤是否有助于治療人類的腫瘤。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"InearlyApril,theJacksonLaboratorybegancollectingsamplesofcanine(犬的)tumors.Cellsfromthesetumorsinsertedintomicecouldhelptestnewdrugsandimproveourunderstandingabouthowcancerdevelopsandprogresses."四月初，杰克遜實驗室開始收集犬類腫瘤樣本。將這些腫瘤細胞植入小鼠體內(nèi)可以幫助測試新藥，并提高我們對癌癥發(fā)生和發(fā)展的理解?？赏浦?，收集犬腫瘤的目的是為了更好地了解癌癥。故選B。13．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段"Andusingtumorsfromdogsisanearlyidealwaytowidenthatpool.They'reexposedtomanyofthesameenvironmentalfactorsthatmightcausecancerintheirowners,notesDr.ChristopherFulkerson.Someboneandbraincancersarefarmorecommonindogsthantheyareinpeople,makingsampleseasiertofind."利用狗身上的腫瘤是擴大這個范圍的一種近乎理想的方法?？死锼雇懈ァじ粻柨松┦恐赋觯鼈儽┞对谠S多可能導(dǎo)致其主人癌癥的相同環(huán)境因素中。一些骨癌和腦癌在狗身上比在人身上更常見，這使得樣本更容易找到；以及第五段中的"Inmanycases,thecellsinadog'scancerlookandactthesameastheywouldinahuman.Theycanevencarrythesamegeneticmutations."在許多情況下，狗癌癥細胞的外觀和行為與人類相同。它們甚至可以攜帶相同的基因突變?？芍?，使用狗的腫瘤是一種理想的方法是因為狗和它們的主人有相似的生活條件和癌癥類型。故選C。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"Forsometypes,thesimilaritiesbetweenhumananddogdiseaseswillbesignificant.Butwhentheyaren't,warnsDr.JaimeModiano,thedifferencescouldhaveseriousconsequencesfordrugdevelopment."對于某些類型，人類和狗的疾病之間的相似之處將是顯著的。但杰米·莫迪亞諾博士警告說，如果不是這樣，這種差異可能會對藥物開發(fā)產(chǎn)生嚴重后果?？芍?，作者提到杰米·莫迪亞諾博士是為了表明來自狗的癌癥可能對對抗人類癌癥沒有幫助。故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Butevenwhentheresearchdoesn'tadvanceknowledgeofhumancancers,itcouldstillhelpimprovethetreatmentofdogsdiagnosed(確診)withcancer.That'stheleastwecandoforourfaithfulfriends."但是，即使這項研究沒有推進對人類癌癥的認識，它仍然可以幫助改善對被診斷患有癌癥的狗的治療。這是我們能為我們忠實的朋友做的最起碼的事?？赏浦髡邔@一研究的態(tài)度是樂觀的。故選D。【答案】16．G；17．B；18．C；19．E；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了怎樣在家?guī)椭⒆恿私馐澜缥幕?/p>

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后"Useyourimaginationtoteachyourchildrenaboutworldcultures."發(fā)揮你的想象力，讓你的孩子了解世界文化?？芍?，發(fā)揮想象力就可以教孩了解世界文化，因此不需要行李箱就能實現(xiàn)環(huán)游世界。G.Putdownthetextbookandtravelaroundtheglobewithouteverneedingasuitcase."放下書本，你甚至不需要旅行箱就可以環(huán)游世界。"符合語境。故選G。17．根據(jù)空前"Helphermakeasmallbooktoserveasherpassport."幫她做一本小書當她的護照；以及空后"Thatway,youcandraworglueapictureofthecountry'sflagtostampthepagesofherpassportasshe‘travels'tolearnaboutworldcultures."這樣，當她"旅行"去了解世界文化時，你就可以在她的護照上畫上或粘上該國國旗的圖片?？芍?，上文提到要制作護照，下文提到要在護照上畫上或者粘貼上國旗照片，由此可知，空處說明護照上面要留有空白頁。BThepagesshouldbeblankontheinside."這幾頁里面應(yīng)該是空白的。"符合語境。故選B。18．根據(jù)空前"Learningabouteachculture'scustomscanbeimportantforyouboth."了解兩種文化的習俗對你們雙方都很重要；以及空后"YourlefthandisconsidereduncleaninIndia,sopassallfoodorobjectstootherpeoplewithyourrightone."在印度，你的左手被認為是不干凈的，所以用右手傳遞食物或物品給別人。可知，空處和下文是并列關(guān)系，舉例說明一些國家的風俗習慣。C.PointingyourfeetinThailandisoffensive."在泰國，用腳指著別人是一種冒犯。"符合語境。故選C。19．根據(jù)空前"Learningaforeignlanguageisfunforchildren."學習外語對孩子們來說很有趣?？芍?，本段的概念僅此是"學習語言"。E.Whenyou'reexploringworldcultures,studyeachcountry'sofficiallanguage."當你探索世界文化時，學習每個國家的官方語言。"符合語境。故選E。20．根據(jù)空前"Theholiday'straditionincludesgivingmoneyanddonationstoorganizationsandpeopleinneed."這個節(jié)日的傳統(tǒng)包括向有需要的組織和人捐款；以及空后"Youcanalsodropafewbillsordonatethingstoanonprofit."你也可以放下一些賬單或捐贈一些東西給非營利組織?？芍仗幒拖挛牟⒘?，舉例列舉了一些捐贈的行為。F.Tocelebrate,thetwoofyoucanboxsomecannedgoodsforthelocalfoodbank."為了慶祝這個節(jié)日，你們可以把罐裝食品裝在一個盒子里，送到當?shù)氐氖称穾烊ァ?符合語境。故選F。

【答案】21．A；22．D；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．A；27．B；28．A；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B；36．C；37．B；38．D；39．C；40．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，2024年2月26日，數(shù)百名醫(yī)學院學生擠在紐約布朗克斯的一個演講廳里。該校94歲的名譽教授RuthGottesman博士宣布，她將向該校捐贈10億美元——這是迄今為止向醫(yī)學院捐贈的最大一筆款項。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，介詞，副詞，連詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。

21．句意：該校94歲的名譽教授RuthGottesman博士宣布，她將向該校捐贈10億美元——這是迄今為止向醫(yī)學院捐贈的最大一筆款項。A.announced"宣布"；B.published"出版"；C.reported"報道"；D.addressed"演說，演講"。根據(jù)上文"Hundredsofmedicalstudentscrowdedinto