黃金卷08-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷(廣東、山東卷)(解析版)

【贏在高考·黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷（山東、廣東卷）黃金卷08（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADreamingofsummerpicnicsfilledwithfamilyandfun?We’vecomeupwith4ofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.CumberlandIslands,GeorgiaJustafewhourssouthofSavannah,thisnationalseashoreisawonderfulpicnicplace.It’sanunspoiledplaceintheDeepSouthwithover50milesofhikingtrails(小徑).CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit’sstillaruralarea,thestarslineupforagrandshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.GrantPark,ChicagoIfyouarelookingfordeliciousfoodinChicago,goforatasteofa20-day,lake-front,foodiefestivalthathappensinOctobereachyear.Grabaspotnearthefountaintoenjoyyourpicnic,appreciatethecitysceneryandlakeviewsandrelaxwithfamilyandfriends.IfyouarethereonJuly4th,besuretoplanthedaytoincludethefireworksdisplayattheNavyPier.CranberryIslands,MaineHere,you’llenjoynaturalpicnicswithislandviews.Theislandsareadelightfulgroupofislandsabout20minutesoffshorefromAcadiaNationalPark.Youcanvisittheislandsbyprivateboatorferryservice.Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit’saromanticpicnicareatotakeyourspecialsomeoneorgoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.BigSur,CaliforniaThePointLobosStateReserveisasmallgem.Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantcommunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It’sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Werecommendbringingatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.1.WhydoesthewriteradviseustogotoCumberlandIslands?A.BecausetheyarejustnexttoSavannah.B.Becausetheyhaveagrandshoweverynight.C.BecausetheyarealmostcoveredinSpanishmoss.D.Becausetheykeeptheiroriginalecology(生態(tài)).2.Wherecanyouenjoyobservingwildlifewithatelescope?A.AttheNavyPier. B.AtthePointLobosStateReserveC.AtAcadiaNationalPark. D.IntheDeepSouth.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inapersonaldairy. B.Inasciencereport.C.Inageographytextbook. D.Inatravelmagazine.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四個(gè)最佳野餐地點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit’sstillaruralarea,thestarslineupforagrandshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.（小路上爬滿了西班牙苔蘚，兩旁種滿了樹。由于這里仍然是一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，所以星星們會(huì)在晚上排起隊(duì)來參加盛大的表演，這是在夜晚星光照耀下野餐的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。）可知作者建議我們?nèi)タ膊m群島，因?yàn)槟抢锉３种鷳B(tài)。故選D。【2題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantcommunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It’sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Werecommendbringingatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.（除沿海野生動(dòng)物外，還有珍稀植物群落和獨(dú)特的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造。在那里野餐很好。我們建議帶上望遠(yuǎn)鏡，因?yàn)楹芏嘁吧鷦?dòng)物只能在遠(yuǎn)處看到。）可知在thePointLobos國家保護(hù)區(qū)可以享受用望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察野生動(dòng)物的樂趣。故選B?！?題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Dreamingofsummerpicnicsfilledwithfamilyandfun?We’vecomeupwith4ofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.（夢想著充滿家庭和樂趣的夏日野餐?我們列出了全美4個(gè)最佳野餐地。）以及文章主要介紹了四個(gè)最佳野餐地點(diǎn)可知最可能在一本旅游雜志上讀到這篇文章。故選D。BInancientGreece,purslaneherb(馬齒莧)wasregardedasanimportantmedicinalherbfortreatmentoffever,femaledisorders,stomachaches,andheadaches,andHippoctrates,thefamousfatherofmedicine,practicallytrieditforthehealingofwounds.Purslaneherbwaslaterconsideredasacoldherbaroundthe17th.Century.Purslaneistodayknownasabeneficialjuicyherbfoundasaweedthroughouttheworld.Purslaneiscommonlyusedasaningredientforsalads.Purslanehasbeenrecentlyidentifiedasanexcellentsourceofalpha-linolenicacid(亞麻酸).Alpha-linolenicisakindofanomega-3fattyacid,alsoknownasfishoil.Thisimportantcontentinpurslaneherbplaysanimportantroleinhumangrowth,developmentandpreventingdisease.Modernmedicalresearchclaimsthatpurslaneherbisfivetimesricherinomega-3fattyacidsthananothervegetable,andalsoishighinvitaminC.Purslanehassmall,greenleaves,whichareusuallydelicateandjuicy.Thestemisroundandsmooth.Youngplantshaveagreenstembutastheplantmaturesthestemstakeonreddishcolors.Flowersare1/4inchlongandabrilliantyellowincolorwith5petals(花瓣),whichcontainroundblackseeds.Purslaneherbpresentsawidevarietyofmedicalusesandeachpartoftheherbisbeneficial.Purslaneherbiswidelyusedallovertheworldandhereisitsknownbenefit:PurslaneisknownasanexcellentsourceofvitaminsCandEandtheessentialalpha-linolenicacids.Reportsdescribepurslaneaspowerfoodofthefuturebecauseofitshighvalueofnutritionandmedicine.PurslaneleavescontainOmega-3fattyacidswhichregulatethemetabolic(新陳代謝)activitiesofbodies.ThestemsofpurslaneherbareknowntobehighinvitaminC.Purslane-herbisknowntohaveoneofthebestknownconcentrationsofOmega-3fattyacid.4.InancientGreece,Hippoctratesusedpurslanetotreat________.A.Stomachaches B.Wounds C.Headaches D.Fever5.Whichisthecorrectdescriptionofpurslane?A.Itsstemsareroundandstrong.B.Itsleavesarebigandgreen.C.Itsstemsareredincolor.D.Itsflowersareyellowincolor.6.Whyispurslaneconsideredaspowerfoodofthefuture?A.BecauseitsleavesarerichinvitaminC.B.BecauseitsstemcontainsOmega-3fattyacids.C.Becauseitisvaluableinnutritionandmedicine.D.Becauseitregulatesthemetabolicactivitiesofbodies.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Purslane,afamousherbintheworldB.ThebasicknowledgeaboutpurslaneC.Purslane,aherbthatbenefitshealthD.Themedicalresearchabutpurslane【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了馬齒莧是一種有益健康的草藥?！?題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“InancientGreece,purslaneherb(馬齒莧)wasregardedasanimportantmedicinalherbfortreatmentoffever,femaledisorders,stomachaches,andheadaches,andHippoctrates,thefamousfatherofmedicine,practicallytrieditforthehealingofwounds.(在古希臘，馬齒莧被認(rèn)為是治療發(fā)燒、婦女病、胃痛、頭痛的重要藥材，著名的醫(yī)學(xué)之父希波克拉底也曾嘗試用馬齒莧治療傷口。)”可知，在古希臘，希波克拉底用馬齒莧來治療傷口。故選B?！?題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Flowersare1/4inchlongandabrilliantyellowincolorwith5petals(花瓣),whichcontainroundblackseeds.(花長1/4英寸，明亮的黃色，有5個(gè)花瓣，花瓣上有圓形的黑色種子。)”可知，馬齒莧的花是黃色的。故選D?！?題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Reportsdescribepurslaneaspowerfoodofthefuturebecauseofitshighvalueofnutritionandmedicine.(報(bào)告將馬齒莧描述為未來的能源食品，因?yàn)樗哂泻芨叩臓I養(yǎng)和藥用價(jià)值。)”可知，馬齒莧被認(rèn)為是未來的能源食品，因?yàn)樗跔I養(yǎng)和醫(yī)學(xué)上都很有價(jià)值。故選C?！?題詳解】 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Purslanehasbeenrecentlyidentifiedasanexcellentsourceofalpha-linolenicacid(亞麻酸).Alpha-linolenicisakindofanomega-3fattyacid,alsoknownasfishoil.Thisimportantcontentinpurslaneherbplaysanimportantroleinhumangrowth,developmentandpreventingdisease.Modernmedicalresearchclaimsthatpurslaneherbisfivetimesricherinomega-3fattyacidsthananothervegetable,andalsoishighinvitaminC.(馬齒莧最近被認(rèn)為是一種極好的亞麻酸來源。亞麻酸是一種omega-3脂肪酸，也被稱為魚油。馬齒莧中的這一重要成分對人類的生長發(fā)育和預(yù)防疾病具有重要作用?，F(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)研究表明，馬齒莧的omega-3脂肪酸含量是其他蔬菜的五倍，而且維生素C含量也很高。)”可知，文章講述了馬齒莧是一種有益健康的草藥。故選C。CEverysummerartistsperformatFringe(邊緣)Festivalsaroundtheworld.FringeFestivalsareacelebrationofstrangeart.Theyhaveallkindsofperformers—fromdancers,musiciansandactorstoeverythinginbetween.Theshowsgiveartistsachancetocreateunusualart.Forfestivalgoers,eachshowisatimetoexperiencesomethingdifferent.ThefirstFringeFestivalwasheldinEdinburgh,Scotlandin1947.ThatwasalsotheyearofthefirstEdinburghInternationalFestival.ArtistsfromaroundtheworldtraveledtoScotlandfortheEdinburghInternationalFestival.Theyperformedatartscentersthroughoutthecity.Eightlocaltheatercompaniesdidnotreceiveaninvitation,however.Inresponse,theyperformedatsmallerspacesaroundEdinburgh.Theseartistsperformedwherevertheycould,includingchurchesandevenonthestreet.TheystartedtheirownculturaleventandnamedittheEdinburghFestivalFringe.Whatstartedasanalternativetothemainstreamhasnowbecometheworld’slargestartsfestival.Today,therearehundredsofFringeFestivalstakingplacearoundtheworld.TheoneinWashington,D.C.,calledtheCapitalFringeFestival,isinitstenthyear.ItwasheldinthemonthofJuly.JulianneBrienzafoundedtheCapitalFringeFestival.Shewenttoaschoolfortheperformingarts,butnowseesherselfmainlyasanorganizerofthefestival.Brienzabelievesthatfringeperformanceartisspecialandcanhaveapowerfuleffect.TheCapitalFringeFestivaltakesplaceindifferentlocationsthroughouttheD.C.area.Someperformanceshappenintraditionaltheaters.Othershappeninunusualsettingslikeold,emptybuildingsorstoresafterbusinesshoursareover.BrienzasaysthepurposeofFringefestivalsistoexplorethelimitsofartinuniqueenvironments.Since2006,theeventhasmademorethan$1.7million.ItisthesecondlargestFringeFestivalintheU.S.anditspopularityhasgrowneveryyear.TheEdinburghFestivalFringecontinuesthroughoutthemonthofAugust.8.WhomaybeinterestedinFringeFestivals?A.Strangeartlovers. B.Professionalartists. C.Classicalmusicians. D.Traditionalculturesupporters.9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.WhyEdinburghbecametheglobalartcenter. B.HowthefirstFringeFestivalcameintobeing.C.WhentheEdinburghInternationalFestivalwasheld. D.WheretheEdinburghFestivalFringewascelebrated.10.WhatcanweknowabouttheCapitalFringeFestival?A.Itistheworld’slargestartsfestival. B.Ithasnofixedplacesforcelebration.C.Itcanneverbeacceptedbythepublic. D.Ithasalongerhistorythanotherfestivals.11.WhichofthefollowingmayBrienzaprobablyagreeaboutFringeFestivals?A.Theyraisepeople’sloveoffestivals. B.Theylimitthedevelopmentofarts.C.Formalartsarelookeddownupon. D.Chancesareofferedtounusualarts.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)的起源和發(fā)展情況。【8題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“FringeFestivalsareacelebrationofstrangeart.Theyhaveallkindsofperformers—fromdancers,musiciansandactorstoeverythinginbetween.(邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)是奇怪藝術(shù)的慶典。它們有各種各樣的表演者，從舞者、音樂家和演員到介于兩者之間的一切)”可知，各種各樣的表演者可能在邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)表演奇怪的藝術(shù)。由此推知，奇怪的藝術(shù)愛好者可能對邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)感興趣。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ArtistsfromaroundtheworldtraveledtoScotlandfortheEdinburghInternationalFestival.Theyperformedatartscentersthroughoutthecity.Eightlocaltheatercompaniesdidnotreceiveaninvitation,however.Inresponse,theyperformedatsmallerspacesaroundEdinburgh.Theseartistsperformedwherevertheycould,includingchurchesandevenonthestreet.TheystartedtheirownculturaleventandnamedittheEdinburghFestivalFringe.(來自世界各地的藝術(shù)家前往蘇格蘭參加愛丁堡國際藝術(shù)節(jié)。他們在全市的藝術(shù)中心演出。然而，八家當(dāng)?shù)貏≡汗緵]有收到邀請。作為回應(yīng)，他們在愛丁堡周圍較小的空間演出。這些藝術(shù)家盡可能在任何地方表演，包括教堂甚至街頭。他們開始了自己的文化活動(dòng)，并將其命名為愛丁堡邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié))”可知，八家當(dāng)?shù)貏≡汗緵]有收到邀請參加愛丁堡國際藝術(shù)節(jié)，所以這些藝術(shù)家們開始了自己的文化活動(dòng)，并將其命名為邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)，所以第二段主要介紹了第一屆邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)是怎樣產(chǎn)生的。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“TheCapitalFringeFestivaltakesplaceindifferentlocationsthroughouttheD.C.area.Someperformanceshappenintraditionaltheaters.Othershappeninunusualsettingslikeold,emptybuildingsorstoresafterbusinesshoursareover.(首都邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)在整個(gè)華盛頓地區(qū)的不同地點(diǎn)舉行。有些表演在傳統(tǒng)劇院進(jìn)行。其他表演發(fā)生在不尋常的環(huán)境中，如舊的、空的建筑物或營業(yè)時(shí)間結(jié)束后的商店里)”可知，首都邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)沒有固定的慶祝場所。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BrienzasaysthepurposeofFringefestivalsistoexplorethelimitsofartinuniqueenvironments.Since2006,theeventhasmademorethan$1.7million.ItisthesecondlargestFringeFestivalintheU.S.anditspopularityhasgrowneveryyear.(布里恩扎說，邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)的目的是探索藝術(shù)在獨(dú)特環(huán)境中的極限。自2006年以來，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)賺了170多萬美元。這是美國第二大的邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)，它的受歡迎程度每年都在增長)”可知，邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)探索藝術(shù)在獨(dú)特環(huán)境中的極限，且邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)的受歡迎程度每年都在增長，所以布里恩扎認(rèn)為邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)可以讓不尋常的藝術(shù)也可以得到機(jī)會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)。DThesoundsoftheNorthernLightshavebeenamysterytoscientistsforoveracentury.Butnowitseemsthataresearcherhasfiguredouthowauroras(極光)reallymakesounds.“Ithasprettymuchbeenconfirmedallovertheworld,”historianFionaAmerysaid.“InCanada,NorwayandRussia,theyareallhearingverymuchthesamesounds.”“Theaurorascanoccurhundredsofkilometersabovetheground,whichstrengthensopinionsthattheirsoundsarejustafalseimpression,”saidFiona.Manyscientistsarguedthataurorasweretoofarawaytohearandthatanysoundwouldtakeseveralminutestoreachtheground,soitwasimpossibleforthemtochangeintimewiththeauroras.However,otherscientistswereconvincedthattheNorthernLightsreallymadenoises.Inthe1920s,CanadianastronomerClarenceChantfirstsuggestedamechanismbywhichtheycouldoccur:Themotionoftheauroracausedchangesintheelectrificationoftheatmospherethatcreatedcracklingsoundsclosetotheground.Almost100yearslater,Clarence’ssuggestionseemsclosetowhatcouldbethetruereasonforthesounds.In2012,anexpertnamedUntoLaineshowedarecordingofauroralsoundsafteryearsofmonitoringauroras.In2016,heannouncedthemechanismthatmakesthesounds:aninversionlayer(逆溫層)ofcoldairintheatmospherethatcanformbelowanauroraandashortdistanceabovethegroundincalmweather.Untoarguesthatvisiblechangesintheauroracausechangesintheinversionlayer,causingaccumulatedelectricitytodischargeassparks(火花)thatcreatesoundsthatcanbeheard.Thatexplainshowthesoundscorrespondwiththeaurora’svisiblemovements—theybegintohappenintheinversionlayeronlyabout75metersabovetheobserver.12.WhatarethewordsFionasaidinParagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheexistenceofthesoundsoftheNorthernLights.B.TheneedtomakefulluseoftheNorthernLights.C.TheproblemscausedbytheNorthernLights.D.ThecauseoftheNorthernLights.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutClarence’ssuggestioninthe1920s?A.Itmatchedalotofoldideas. B.Itwaswellrecognizedthen.C.Itmightbeofgreatvalue. D.Itwasatotalfailure.14.Howdoestheauthorconveyhisideainthetext?A.Bylistingresearchnumbers. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byprovidingexplanations. D.Bygivingexamples.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.CanWeEnjoytheNorthernLights?B.DotheNorthernLightsMakeSounds?C.WhyShouldWeStudytheNorthernLights?D.HowDotheNorthernLightsComeintoBeing?【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。北極光是否會(huì)發(fā)聲對科學(xué)家來說一直是個(gè)謎，但現(xiàn)在有研究證實(shí)了北極光是能夠發(fā)聲的?！?2題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“‘Ithasprettymuchbeenconfirmedallovertheworld,’historianFionaAmerysaid.‘InCanada,NorwayandRussia,theyareallhearingverymuchthesamesounds.’”（歷史學(xué)家菲奧娜·阿梅里說：“這幾乎在全世界都得到了證實(shí)?！薄霸诩幽么?、挪威和俄羅斯，他們都聽到了非常相同的聲音?！保┛赏浦?，第二段Fiona所說的話主要表明北極光聲音是存在的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inthe1920s,CanadianastronomerClarenceChantfirstsuggestedamechanismbywhichtheycouldoccur:Themotionoftheauroracausedchangesintheelectrificationoftheatmospherethatcreatedcracklingsoundsclosetotheground.Almost100yearslater,Clarence’ssuggestionseemsclosetowhatcouldbethetruereasonforthesounds.”（20世紀(jì)20年代，加拿大天文學(xué)家克拉倫斯·錢特首次提出了一種可能發(fā)生極光的機(jī)制：極光的運(yùn)動(dòng)引起了大氣帶電的變化，在接近地面的地方產(chǎn)生了噼里啪啦的聲音。近100年后，克拉倫斯的推測似乎接近了這些聲音產(chǎn)生的真正原因。）可知，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)克拉倫斯·錢特在20世紀(jì)20年代提出的推測似乎接近極光聲音產(chǎn)生的真正原因，所以它現(xiàn)在仍然可能有很大的價(jià)值。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段FionaAmery所說、文章第四段“Inthe1920s,CanadianastronomerClarenceChantfirstsuggestedamechanismbywhichtheycouldoccur:Themotionoftheauroracausedchangesintheelectrificationoftheatmospherethatcreatedcracklingsoundsclosetotheground.”（20世紀(jì)20年代，加拿大天文學(xué)家克拉倫斯·錢特首次提出了一種可能發(fā)生極光的機(jī)制：極光的運(yùn)動(dòng)引起了大氣帶電的變化，在接近地面的地方產(chǎn)生了噼里啪啦的聲音。）和文章倒數(shù)第二段“In2012,anexpertnamedUntoLaineshowedarecordingofauroralsoundsafteryearsofmonitoringauroras.”（2012年，一位名叫托恩·萊恩的專家在對極光進(jìn)行了多年的監(jiān)測后，展示了一段極光聲音的錄音。）可知，文章列舉了FionaAmery、ClarenceChant和UntoLaine對北極光發(fā)聲原理的研究，所以作者是通過舉例的方法來表達(dá)他的想法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】 主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合文章第一段“ThesoundsoftheNorthernLightshavebeenamysterytoscientistsforoveracentury.Butnowitseemsthataresearcherhasfiguredouthowauroras(極光)reallymakesounds.”（一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來，北極光的聲音對科學(xué)家來說一直是個(gè)謎。但現(xiàn)在，一位研究人員似乎已經(jīng)弄清楚了極光(極光)是如何發(fā)出聲音的。）可知，文章主要是圍繞對“北極光的聲音”這一謎團(tuán)的研究展開。故B選項(xiàng)“DotheNorthernLightsMakeSounds?(北極光會(huì)發(fā)出聲音嗎?)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearningtoGivePraisetoOthersWordsofpraise,whenusedright,canhavepowerfulpositiveeffectsonothers.Theyarefree,butthey’reworthsomuchtothereceivingperson.___16___Yourmembersdidn’tfollowyoubecauseofsalariesbutformorealtruistic(利他的)reasons.Therefore,itisimportantthatyougivethemthepraisethatisduefortheirefforts.___17___Don’tsay,“Youlookgoodtoday.”whenyoucouldhavesaid,“Youlookamazingtoday!”Don’tsay,“Thanksforyoureffort.”Insteadsay,“I’msothankfulforyourbeingonthisproject,wecouldn’thavefinisheditwithoutyou!”O(jiān)fcourse,withwhatIhavementionedabove,besureit’scomingfromyourheart.___18___Don’tpraiseifyoudon’thaveahintofappreciationfortheperson.Trustme,itwillshowinyoureyesandtheotherpartywillfeelupset.Insincerepraiseisflattery(恭維);youattempttogainsomethingfromsayinggoodthingsabouttheotherperson.Besides,praisinginpublicisratherimportant.___19___Whenyoupraiseapartnerinpublic,youlifthimupandhisconductforeveryoneintheroomtosee.Lookforopportunitieswhereyoucanpubliclycelebratethehardworkofcertainpeopleandmakethemfeeltheyaregreat.Ibelievethatasyoubeginusingthesecommunicationtipsandpraisingpeoplearoundyou,you’llseeachangeintheatmosphereofyourworkenvironment.___20___Eventually,you’llfindyourselfwithamoreeffectiveteam!A.Soyouneedtobesincereinpraise.B.Thisismoresoinvoluntaryorganizations.C.Peoplewillbecomehappierandsmilemore.D.Wordsaren’talwaysnecessaryinpraisingothers.E.Itismuchmoreeffectivethanpraisinginprivate.F.Rememberthatmeasuredpraiseisnotpraiseatall.G.Thebestwaytogivepraiseisbybeinganexample.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.E20.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述如何表揚(yáng)他人的建議?！?6題詳解】 下文“Yourmembersdidn’tfollowyoubecauseofsalariesbutformorealtruistic(利他的)reasons.Therefore,itisimportantthatyougivethemthepraisethatisduefortheirefforts.”（成員跟隨著你并不是為了薪水，而是因?yàn)楦嗬?。因此，對他們的努力表示贊美是非常重要的）與B.Thisismoresoinvoluntaryorganizations.（志愿組織更是如此）承接自然，選項(xiàng)中的voluntary呼應(yīng)下文的butformorealtruistic(利他的)reasons（志愿者不是為了工資，而是為了其他利他原因而工作）。故選B?！?7題詳解】 根據(jù)下文的“Don’tsay,“Youlookgoodtoday.”whenyoucouldhavesaid,“Youlookamazingtoday!”Don’tsay,“Thanksforyoureffort.”Insteadsay,“I’msothankfulforyourbeingonthisproject;wecouldn’thavefinisheditwithoutyou!””（當(dāng)你本可以說“你今天看起來很棒”時(shí)不要說“你今天看起來不錯(cuò)”。不要說“謝謝你的努力”，而要說“非常感謝你來參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，沒有你我們不可能完成它”）可知，作者建議表揚(yáng)他人時(shí)不要吝惜言辭。E項(xiàng)“記住，有尺度的贊美根本不是贊美。”符合上下文語境，也是本段的主題句。故選F。【18題詳解】 根據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,withwhatIhavementionedabove,besureit’scomingfromyourheart.”（當(dāng)然，對于我以上提到的，要確保的是這些話是發(fā)自你的內(nèi)心）和下文“Don’tpraiseifyoudon’thaveahintofappreciationfortheperson.”（如果你沒有一點(diǎn)欣賞的意思就不要贊美）可知，贊美一定要發(fā)自內(nèi)心，所以當(dāng)你贊美他人時(shí)一定要真誠。A項(xiàng)“所以你需要真誠的贊美。”符合上下文語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】 根據(jù)上文“Besides,praisinginpublicisratherimportant.”（此外，在公開場合贊美也非常重要）和下文“Whenyoupraiseapartnerinpublic,youlifthimupandhisconductforeveryoneintheroomtosee.”（當(dāng)你在公開場合贊美搭檔時(shí)，你就提升了他，讓在場的所有人都看到他的行為）可知，公開贊美他人比私下贊美好。E項(xiàng)“它比私下贊美要有效得多。”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的it指代上文提到的praisinginpublic。故選E?！?0題詳解】 根據(jù)上文的“Ibelievethatasyoubeginusingthesecommunicationtipsandpraisingpeoplearoundyou,you’llseeachangeintheatmosphereofyourworkenvironment.”（我相信，當(dāng)你開始使用這些溝通技巧，以及贊美你周圍的人時(shí)，你會(huì)看到你的工作氛圍的改變。）和下文“Eventually,you’llfindyourselfwithamoreeffectiveteam!”（最終，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你自己擁有一個(gè)更高效的團(tuán)隊(duì)。）可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述工作氛圍變得越來越好。C項(xiàng)“人們會(huì)變得越來越快樂，微笑也更多”符合語境。故選C。第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。LenoreSkenazyisaNewYorkjournalist.Whenshewroteabouthowshehadlefthernine-year-oldsonincentralNewYorkandlethimtakethesubwayhomealone,shecauseda____21____mediastorm.Herson,Izzy,whose____22____theexpedition(出行)hadbeen,washappywiththeexperience.Hearrivedhomesafely,____23____abouthisindependence.Hehadbeenbeggingforweekstobe____24____outonhisownandtotravelunsupervised(無人監(jiān)督的).MsSkenazygaveIzzyasubwaymap,twentydollarsandsome____25____incaseheneededtomakeaphonecall.ButMsSkenazy’sactionslandedherinahuge____26____.Althoughmanycameoutto____27____her,shewaslabeled“America’sworstmom”byothers.“Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone____28____whentheywerehisage:gonesomewhereonhisown,withoutasecuritydetail.”Shewrote____29____.“Theproblemwiththisdangerousideaisthatoverprotectivenessisa_____30_____initself.Achildwhothinkshecan’tdoanything_____31_____eventuallycan’t.”So.arewelivinginarisk-averse(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避的)culturewherewelimitourchildren’sabilityto_____32_____dangerbyneverallowingthemtotakereasonable_____33_____?Doeswesternsocietygiveitschildrentoomuch_____34_____?OrdidMsSkenazy’sactions_____35_____hersoninunnecessarydanger?Whatdoyouthink?21.A.embarrassing B.fierce C.illegal D.pleasant22.A.idea B.emotion C.outcome D.mission23.A.surprised B.frightened C.annoyed D.excited24.A.requested B.allowed C.desired D.invited25.A.change B.property C.benefit D.wage26.A.arrangement B.argument C.movement D.violence27.A.support B.follow C.confirm D.define28.A.possibly B.usually C.eventually D.nearly29.A.alongside B.earlier C.afterwards D.sooner30.A.fear B.pressure C.disability D.danger31.A.onhisown B.inhisway C.nowandthen D.moreorless32.A.getinto B.lookinto C.takeon D.dealwith33.A.steps B.risks C.charge D.control34.A.stress B.freedom C.protection D.barrier35.A.appeal B.fancy C.involve D.occur【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述LenoreSkenazy女士把自己9歲的兒子留在紐約市中心，讓他獨(dú)自坐地鐵回家引發(fā)了爭議的事情。【21題詳解】 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她寫到她如何把9歲的兒子留在紐約市中心，讓他獨(dú)自坐地鐵回家時(shí)，引發(fā)了一場激烈的媒體風(fēng)暴。A.embarrassing令人尷尬的；B.fierce激烈的；C.illegal非法的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根據(jù)下文“Althoughmanycameoutto____27____her,shewaslabeled“America’sworstmom”byothers.”可知，LenoreSkenazy女士的行為引發(fā)了社會(huì)上激烈的爭議。故選B?！?2題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的兒子Izzy想到的這個(gè)想法，并且對這次經(jīng)歷感到很高興。A.idea想法；B.emotion情感；C.outcome結(jié)果；D.mission任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“theexpedition”可知，這里指的是Izzy獨(dú)自坐地鐵回家的主意。故選A?！?3題詳解】 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他安全到家了，并且對這次經(jīng)歷感到很興奮。A.surprised吃驚的；B.frightened害怕的；C.annoyed心煩的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)上文“Herson,Izzy,whose____22____theexpedition(出行)hadbeen,washappywiththeexperience.”可知，Izzy對獨(dú)自坐地鐵回家的經(jīng)歷感到很興奮。故選D?！?4題詳解】 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他已經(jīng)懇求幾個(gè)星期了，想要被允許一個(gè)人去旅行。A.requested要求；B.allowed允許；C.desired渴望；D.invited邀請。根據(jù)上文“Hehadbeenbegging”和下文“outonhisown”可知，Izzy一直懇求父母，他能夠被允許一個(gè)人去旅行。故選B。【25題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Skenazy女士給了Izzy一張地鐵地圖、二十美元和一些零錢，以防他需要打電話。A.change零錢；B.property財(cái)產(chǎn)；C.benefit好處；D.wage工資。根據(jù)下文“incaseheneededtomakeaphonecall”可知，使用公用電話需要零錢。故選A?！?6題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Skenazy女士的行為讓她陷入了一場激烈的爭論。A.arrangement安排；B.argument爭論；C.movement移動(dòng)；D.violence暴力。根據(jù)上文“Whenshewroteabouthowshehadlefthernine-year-oldsonincentralNewYorkandlethimtakethesubwayhomealone,shecauseda____21____mediastorm.”可知，LenoreSkenazy女士的行為引發(fā)了社會(huì)上激烈的爭議。故選B?！?7題詳解】 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管許多人出來支持她，但是她仍然被別人貼上“美國最糟糕的母親”的標(biāo)簽。A.support支持；B.follow跟隨；C.confirm證實(shí)；D.define下定義。根據(jù)上文“Although”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文提到她仍然被別人貼上“美國最糟糕的母親”的標(biāo)簽，所以對應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是有人支持她。故選A?！?8題詳解】 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她后來寫到：“我的兒子只是做了我這個(gè)年齡段的大多數(shù)人在他這個(gè)年齡時(shí)經(jīng)常做的事情：獨(dú)自去了某個(gè)地方，沒有安全信息?！盇.possibly可能；B.usually經(jīng)常；C.eventually最終；D.nearly幾乎。根據(jù)上文“Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone”可知，這里是指一個(gè)人出去是Skenazy他們在那個(gè)年齡時(shí)經(jīng)常做的事情。故選B?！?9題詳解】 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：見第8題詳解。A.alongside沿著；B.earlier更早；C.afterwards后來；D.sooner更快。根據(jù)上文““Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone____28____whentheywerehisage:gonesomewhereonhisown,withoutasecuritydetail.””可知，這是Skenazy后來寫的內(nèi)容。故選C?！?0題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種危險(xiǎn)想法的問題在于，過度保護(hù)本身就是一種危險(xiǎn)。一個(gè)認(rèn)為自己不能獨(dú)自做任何事情的孩子最終就不能獨(dú)自做任何事情。A.fear害怕；B.pressure壓力；C.disability殘疾；D.danger危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Theproblemwiththisdangerousideaisthatoverprotectivenessisa”可知，這里是指過度保護(hù)是不對的，本身就是一種危險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?1題詳解】 考查固定短語辨析。句意：見第10題詳解。A.onhisown靠他自己；B.inhisway以他的方式；C.nowandthen偶爾；D.moreorless或多或少。根據(jù)上文“gonesomewhereonhisown”可知，這里是指獨(dú)自一個(gè)人做事情。故選A?！?2題詳解】 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：那么，我們是否生活在一種厭惡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的文化中，我們從不允許孩子承擔(dān)合理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，從而限制了他們處理危險(xiǎn)的能力？A.getinto進(jìn)入；B.lookinto研究；C.takeon呈現(xiàn)；D.dealwith處理。根據(jù)上文“welimitourchildren’sabilityto”可知，這里指限制了孩子們獨(dú)自處理問題的能力。故選D?！?3題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見第12題詳解。A.steps步子；B.risks冒險(xiǎn)；C.charge管理；D.control控制。根據(jù)上文“welimitourchildren’sabilityto____32____dangerbyneverallowingthemtotakereasonable”可知，作者認(rèn)為家長們沒有允許孩子承擔(dān)合理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。【34題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：西方社會(huì)給它的孩子們太多的保護(hù)嗎？A.stress壓力；B.freedom自由；C.protection保護(hù)；D.barrier障礙。根據(jù)上文“shewaslabeled“America’sworstmom”byothers.”可知，作者提出，西方社會(huì)給了它的孩子們太多的保護(hù)。故選C?！?5題詳解】 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：或者是Skenazy女士的行為讓她的孩子牽涉了不必要的危險(xiǎn)？A.appeal吸引；B.fancy喜歡；C.involve涉及；D.occur發(fā)生。根據(jù)下文“hersoninunnecessarydanger”可知，這里是指一些人認(rèn)為Skenazy女士的行為讓她的孩子牽涉了不必要的危險(xiǎn)。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CelebratingtheMinorFestival(小年)The23rdofLaiscelebratedastheMinorFestival,thefestivalmoodof___36___beginstopickup,from23rdofLaonwards.Therearemoreandmoretraders’standsalongthestreetsfilledwith___37___varietyofSpringFestivalgoodsthatcatchtheeyes:SpringFestivalcouplets,NewYearpaintings,window___38___(decoration),papercuts,fireworksetc.Youcanheartraderscallingforbusinessupanddownthestreets.TheMinorFestivalisalsoknown___39___theKitchenGodDay.Inthepast,KitchenGod,___40___(place)nextaboveornexttothestove,wasadoredineveryhousehold.Onthisday,KitchenGodwastogoandreporttoJadeEmperor(玉帝)inHeavenwhathe___41___(witness)onearth.KitchenGodwasbelievedtobeabletodeterminefortunesormisfortunesofthehousehold,tomakeitrichorpoor,___42___,thehouseholdtookgreatcaretoadoreKitchenGodasbesttheycouldandnottodisrespecthiminanyevent.AmongtheofferingspresentedtoKitchenGod,therewasthe___43___(stick)sugar.WhenKitchenGodtookit,histeethandlipsgotstuckupandcouldn’treporttoJadeEmperorforanythingthatwouldbeharmfultothehousehold.___44___theadoringwasover,thepictureofKitchenGod____45____(burn)andpeoplebel