2022中考完形填空話(huà)題分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練 專(zhuān)題71 科普知識(shí)

試卷第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages33頁(yè)2022中考完形填空話(huà)題分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練專(zhuān)題71科普知識(shí)（2021·江蘇徐州·中考真題）(InanEnglishclass)MrWu:Boysandgirls,yesterdayIaskedyoutocollectsomeinformationaboutChina’sTianwen1probe.Let’sseewhatyou’ve___1___.LiPing:Idownloadedsomething.MayIusethePPT,MrWu?MrWu:Sure.___2___.LiPing:Lookatthispicture.OnMay15,China’sTianwen1probemadeahistoriclandingonMars!FollowingtheUS,Chinaisnowthe___3___countryintheworldto___4___landaprobeonMars.ItwillgiveChinese___5___theirfirstchancetostudytheRedPlanetclosely.GuYue:___6___wasTianwen1probesent?LiPing:InJuly2020.TheprobeenteredMarsorbit（軌道）inFebruary2021.Expertssaidthe___7___ofsendingtheprobeintoorbitwasequaltohittingasmallballfromParisandlandingitinaholeinTokyo.Andthefinal___8___wasevenmoredifficult.HeMei:Ihearit’s___9___calledthe“nineminutesofterror”.LiPing:Yes.Innineminutes,theprobehadtoreduceits____10____from20,000kmperhourtozero,landingfrom125kmaboveMars.____11____theprobeis320millionkmawayfromEarth,thereisasignaldelay（延遲）ofover10minutesiftheresearchteamtriestocontrolitfromEarth.Sotheprobehadto____12____thelandingonitsown!GuYue:That’samazing!LiPing:Indeed.Whentheprobefinallysloweddownat100metersaboveMars.Itstayedintheairand____13____thelandingarea.Ithadtomoveawayfromtheobjectsinitswaysuchasrocks,____14____finallytouchingdown.MrWu:Welldone,LiPing!Thankyouforshowingour____15____Tianwen1probe.Let’sseewhohassomethingelsetoshare…1．A．realized B．found C．understood D．met2．A．Betternot B．Notatall C．Goahead D．Withpleasure3．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth4．A．successfully B．carefully C．specially D．peacefully5．A．inventors B．fighter C．passengers D．scientists6．A．When B．Where C．How D．Why7．A．possibility B．gravity C．difficulty D．safety8．A．kicking B．hitting C．sending D．landing9．A．still B．instead C．ever D．a(chǎn)lso10．A．speed B．height C．weight D．length11．A．Though B．Until C．Unless D．As12．A．putout B．carryout C．runout D．lookout13．A．checked B．covered C．protected D．a(chǎn)voided14．A．while B．once C．before D．a(chǎn)fter15．A．lucky B．comfortable C．fantastic D．energetic（2021·湖南張家界·中考真題）Whatmakesusill?Itisthegerms（細(xì)菌）.____16____areeverywhere.Thearevery____17____.Youcan’tfindthemwithyoureyes,butyoucanseethem____18____amicroscope（顯微鏡）.Therecouldbehundredsofthemonaverysmallthing.Germsarealwaysfoundin____19____water.Whenwelookatdirtywaterunderthemicroscope,weshallsee____20____.Soyourfatherandmotherwillnotletyoudrinkdirtywater.Germsarefoundnotonlyin____21____.Theyarefound____22____inairanddust（灰塵）.Whenyou____23____yourfinger,ifsomedustfromthefloorgoesintothecut,somegermswouldgointoyourfinger.Thenyouwillhavemuchpaininit.Sometimesgermswouldgointoallofyourbody,andyouwouldhavepaineverywhere.16．A．Germs B．Books C．Gardens17．A．big B．small C．long18．A．with B．to C．of19．A．clean B．tidy C．dirty20．A．them B．him C．they21．A．food B．drink C．water22．A．neither B．a(chǎn)lso C．too23．A．cut B．check C．make（2021·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·中考真題）Haveyouevernoticedthatyourfingersarewrinkled(有皺紋的)whenyou’vejustfinishedswimmingor___24___cloths?Itseems___25___yourhandshaveaged30yearsinashorttime.Butisthisanaccident?Orisitsomethingthatnaturehasbuiltintoourbodies?Thewrinkleslookedabit___26___thepatternsonthebottomoftherunningshoes.So___27___madeaguessthatwrinklesonfingersmightbeabletohelpthehanksholdthingsbetter.Totestthis,researchersasked20peopletopickupmarbles(彈珠)fromwater___28___theirhands.But___29___theystartedtopickupthemarbles,halfthepeoplehadtokeeptheirhandsinwaterforhalfanhour.Theresearchersdiscoveredthepeoplewhohadwrinkledfingerscompletedthetaskfasterthatthosewhosehandsweredry.Butwhenthey___30___tomovedrymarbles,allthepeopleperformedthesame,nomatterwhether___31___hadthewrinkledfingersornot.Ourancestorsmightnotplaywithmarbles,butwrinkledfingerscouldmake___32___easierforthemtoclimbaroundinthewetforestsandcatchfishfrom___33___.Similarly,ourfeet___34___getwrinkledinwater.Thismaydevelopfromourancestors’needtorun___35___thewetground.Butthequestionis,ifwrinkledfingersaresohelpful,___36___don’tourhandsjuststaythatwayallthetime?Infact,there___37___severaldisadvantagesaboutwrinkledfingers.Theymakeusfeel___38___.Andwrinkledfingersdon’thaveenoughsenseoftouch24．A．making B．washing C．folding25．A．that B．which C．what26．A．a(chǎn)fter B．like C．into27．A．science B．scientific C．scientists28．A．with B．by C．from29．A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．while30．A．a(chǎn)sk B．a(chǎn)reasked C．wereasked31．A．we B．they C．you32．A．this B．that C．it33．A．rivers B．roads C．skies34．A．a(chǎn)lso B．too C．either35．A．under B．on C．in36．A．how B．which C．why37．A．a(chǎn)re B．have C．is38．A．powerful B．enjoyable C．uncomfortable（2021·山東濰坊·中考真題）Spacesuitsdon’tjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese___39___suits,astronautswouldn’tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay,theywouldn’tbeableto___40___ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Spaceisa___41___placeforhumanbeings.Firstly,thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly,spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation(輻射),energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus___42___.Thirdly,somepartsofspacearereallycold___43___otherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey___44___outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit,though,astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.Spacesuitskeepastronauts___45___sealed(密封的)inside.AbackpacksendsO2intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime,theCO2___46___astronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectsthemfromharmfulradiationandfast-movingspacedust.___47___thespacesuitisanothersuitthatlookslikeapairoftightpajamas(睡衣)withlittlepipesrunningthroughthem.Waterrunsthroughthesepipesto___48___astronautsbecausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot!39．A．private B．special C．plastic D．expensive40．A．run B．walk C．live D．surf41．A．funny B．natural C．beautiful D．dangerous42．A．sick B．bored C．strong D．relaxed43．A．a(chǎn)fter B．since C．before D．while44．A．rushed B．jumped C．stepped D．escaped45．A．safely B．quickly C．quietly D．terribly46．A．who B．this C．that D．whether47．A．Above B．Under C．Behind D．Between48．A．washaway B．warmup C．cooloff D．cleanout（2020·山東濰坊·中考真題）AgroupcalledNewStoryisworkingwithacompanycalledIcontoquicklybuildlotsofhousesforpoorpeopleinTabasco,Mexico.Thewaytheyarebuildingthehousesis___49___-by3D-printingtechnology.NewStoryisagroup___50___workstobringcheapbutgoodhousestopeoplewhocan't___51___them.Thegrouphasbuiltover2,700housesinplaces___52___Bolivia,EISalvador,HaitiandMexico.Inthepast,NewStorybuilt___53___housesinanormalway.Butit___54___alongtime.That's___55___NewStorybegantoworkwithIcon.Iconhasdevelopedawaytobuildhouses___56___by3D-printingthemwithconcrete(混凝土).SomeareaswhereNewStorywantstobuildhousessufferfromearthquakes,___57___Icon'shouseshavebeendesignedtoholdupinearthquakeconditions.ThehousesinTabascohavetwobedrooms,alivingroom,akitchen,andabathroom.Becausethehousesarecreatedwithacomputerdesign,it'seasyto____58____thedesigntosuittheneedsofdifferentfamilies.Theyareexpectedtoliveinlaterthisyear.49．A．common B．expensive C．unusual D．strong50．A．these B．those C．this D．that51．A．clean B．repair C．a(chǎn)fford D．borrow52．A．by B．with C．like D．between53．A．its B．his C．her D．my54．A．had B．took C．cost D．spent55．A．why B．how C．what D．when56．A．possibly B．quickly C．carefully D．suddenly57．A．for B．so C．or D．a(chǎn)s58．A．share B．print C．change D．produce（2020·廣東廣州·一模）Laughterisnaturalforpeople.Westarttolaughataboutfourmonthsofage.Westarttolaugheven____59____westarttospeak.Laughterconnectsuswithothers.Welaughmorewhenwearewithotherpeople.It’sdifficulttopretendtolaugh.Laughteris____60____.Whenpeoplepretendtolaugh,mostpeopleknowit’snotreal.Whendopeoplelaugh?Only10to20percentoflaughterisaboutsomething____61____.Mostlaughterisaboutbeingfriendlywithotherpeople.Mostlaughtersays,“Idon’twantto____62____withyou.Iwanttobefriendlywithyou.”Thiskindoflaughterbringspeopletogether.Weoftenlaughwhenwefeelnervous.Inmovies,thereisoftenajokeatanexcitingmomentwheneveryonefeelsnervous.Itisusuallya(n)____63____joke,butwelaughalot.Ourlaughterhelpsus____64____.Whydoesn’teveryonelaughatthesamejoke?Noteveryonehasthesamesenseof____65____.Somepeoplethinkajokeisfunny,butotherpeopledon’tthinkso.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisfunny.Ourideaofwhatisfunnychangeswith____66____.Foryoungchildren,theworldisnew.Theyareinterestedinmanythings,sotheylaugh____67____.Teenagersoftenlaughtoprotectthemselves.Adultslaughatthemselvesandotherpeoplewithsimilarproblems.Theylaughatthingsthatgivethemstress.Our____68____forlaughterchangegradually.59．A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)fter D．until60．A．honest B．difficult C．happy D．different61．A．crazy B．wonderful C．funny D．a(chǎn)mazing62．A．laugh B．work C．play D．compete63．A．small B．big C．interesting D．famous64．A．work B．exercise C．sleep D．relax65．A．smell B．duty C．humour D．safety66．A．knowledge B．places C．time D．culture67．A．a(chǎn)little B．a(chǎn)lot C．loudly D．happily68．A．examples B．minds C．results D．reasons（2021·陜西·西工大附中分校模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Earsareanimportantpartofourface.Letmetellyou_____69_____interestingaboutourearsandourcharacters.Thesizeandshapeofourearsshowourcharactermorethanany_____70_____partoftheface.Otherparsofthefacechangeshapeasweget_____71_____,butearsdonotchange_____72_____shapes.Theyonlychangeinsize._____73_____people’scharactersfromtheirearsisaveryoldscience.Inoldtimes,peoplethoughtthatapersonwithabigearhadagoodandgenerouscharacter.Theythoughtthatapersonwhoseearswereapaleandsmallwasdangerous.Theyalsothoughttheshapeoftheearshowed_____74_____personwasmusicalornot.Today,manypeoplebelievethatthesizeandshapeoftheearhelpyouknowifapersonismusical.Earsare_____75_____,andeachcharacteristichasameaning.Nexttimeyoulookataperson,seeifhisorherearsarelarge,middlesizedorsmall.Lookatthelobes(耳垂)Chinesepeoplebelievepeoplewithbigearlobes_____76_____havegoodluck.Earsthatarealwaysredmeanapersonmay_____77_____angryeasily,orheorshemayjusthavehighbloodpressure.Earsthatarealwayscoldandpalemeanapersonhasanervouscharacter.Andabiginsideholeoftheearmeansapersonismusical.Canyou_____78_____moreaboutourearsandourcharacters?69．A．everything B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing70．A．a(chǎn)nother B．others C．theother D．other71．A．easier B．older C．younger D．stronger72．A．our B．his C．their D．your73．A．Believing B．Greeting C．Reading D．Controlling74．A．if B．how C．why D．whether75．A．same B．similar C．difficult D．different76．A．a(chǎn)lways B．seldom C．hardly D．never77．A．get B．take C．a(chǎn)chieve D．receive78．A．getout B．putout C．findout D．sellout（2021·廣東·鐵一中學(xué)三模）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~10各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)isanimportantpartofChineseculture.TCMhasalonghistory.The____79____medicalclassicinChina,Huangdi’sClassiconMedicine,cameoutmorethan2,000yearsago.Thebookisabouttherelationshipbetweenmanand____80____.InChineseculture,yinandyangarethetwopartsofnature.Naturekeepsbalancedifyinandyangwork____81____together.Thehumanbodyneedssucha____82____too.TCMhelpstodothat.Quitespecially,forsomehealthproblems,adoctorofTCMdoesnotgiveyou____83____.Instead,hemaygiveyoujustafoodplanandrightwaystoeat.Forexample,itiscommonto____84____onthewaytoschool,atourworkdesk,orinfrontoftheTV.ButTCMthinksit’s____85____.Herearethecorrectways:Sitdowntoeat.Whileeating,____86____theTVandkeepawayfromtheworkdesk.Eatseasonalfoods.Donotmissanyofthethreemeals.Also,getyourbody____87____often.Justasthesayinggoes,runningwaterisneverstale.Nowadays,traditionalChinesemedicineisbecomingmoreandmore____88____aroundtheworld.Agovernmentreportsayspeoplein183countriesandareasarenowusingTCM.79．A．easiest B．earliest C．newest D．mostvaluable80．A．objects B．plants C．a(chǎn)nimals D．nature81．A．hard B．well C．quietly D．confidently82．A．culture B．book C．balance D．promise83．A．time B．a(chǎn)dvice C．medicine D．difficulty84．A．eat B．drink C．play D．smile85．A．wrong B．boring C．helpful D．natural86．A．cleanup B．showoff C．lookup D．turnoff87．A．staying B．relaxing C．moving D．sitting88．A．expensive B．safe C．modern D．popular（2021·廣東廣州·一模）Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!___89___acleareveningyoumightseetheMoonandsomeplanets.And___90___sparklingstarscanbeseen,too.Youcanseeeven___91___withatelescope.Youmightseestarswhereyouonlysawdarkspacebefore.Youmightsee___92___manystarslookmuchlargerthanothers.Youmightalsoseesomestars___93___lookwhitearereallyredandblue.Butscientistsbelievetherearesome___94___thingsintheskythatweneversee.We___95___seethemwiththebiggesttelescopeintheworld,evenwhenitistheclearestnightoftheyear.That’sbecausetheyarethedeadstarsthat___96___blackholes.Youmightfind___97___hardtoimaginestarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitburning_____98_____inthesky,givingusheatandlight.TheSundoesn’tseem_____99_____gettingoldorweak._____100_____,starsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastar’sgasesare_____101_____,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasesrunout,thestarstops_____102_____andbeginstodie.Sothenexttimeyoustareupattheamazingnightsky,remember:thereismoreintheskythanthatmeetstheeye._____103_____wonderfulplaceitis!89．A．In B．On C．At D．For90．A．hundredof B．hundreds C．hundredsof D．twohundreds91．A．much B．many C．more D．most92．A．when B．which C．what D．that93．A．which B．whether C．who D．what94．A．other B．a(chǎn)nother C．theother D．theothers95．A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t96．A．call B．called C．werecalled D．a(chǎn)recalled97．A．this B．that C．one D．it98．A．brighten B．brightly C．bright D．brightness99．A．be B．being C．tobe D．been100．A．But B．So C．And D．However101．A．burns B．burning C．toburn D．burned102．A．shining B．toshine C．shines D．shine103．A．How B．What C．Whata D．Howa答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)參考答案：1．B2．C3．B4．A5．D6．A7．C8．D9．D10．A11．A12．B13．C14．C15．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要講述了吳老師給孩子們的一堂課，關(guān)于收集一些關(guān)于中國(guó)“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”探測(cè)器的信息，讓孩子們自主探究，自主學(xué)習(xí)，自主討論。1．句意：讓我們看看你們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么。realized意識(shí)到；found發(fā)現(xiàn)；understood理解；met遇見(jiàn)。根據(jù)上文“yesterdayIaskedyoutocollectsomeinformationaboutChina’sTianwen1probe.”昨天我讓你們收集一些關(guān)于中國(guó)“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”探測(cè)器的信息?？芍颂帒?yīng)是說(shuō)讓我們看看你們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，故選B。2．句意：當(dāng)然，繼續(xù)吧。Betternot最好不；Notatall一點(diǎn)也不；Goahead繼續(xù)；Withpleasure很榮幸。根據(jù)上文李平問(wèn)吳老師可以用那個(gè)PPT嗎，結(jié)合“Sure.”可知吳老師應(yīng)是同意李平使用，因此Goahead符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。3．句意：中國(guó)成為世界上第二個(gè)成功登陸火星探測(cè)器的國(guó)家。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根據(jù)上文“FollowingtheUS,”繼美國(guó)之后，可知中國(guó)成為世界上第二個(gè)成功登陸火星探測(cè)器的國(guó)家，故選B。4．句意：中國(guó)成為世界上第二個(gè)成功登陸火星探測(cè)器的國(guó)家。successfully成功地；carefully仔細(xì)地；specially特別地；peacefully和平地。根據(jù)“FollowingtheUS,Chinaisnowthe…countryintheworldto…landaprobeonMars.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知是中國(guó)成為世界上第二個(gè)成功登陸火星探測(cè)器的國(guó)家，故選A。5．句意：這將使中國(guó)科學(xué)家首次有機(jī)會(huì)近距離研究這顆紅色星球。inventors發(fā)明者；fighter打架者；passengers乘客；scientists科學(xué)家。根據(jù)“firstchancetostudytheRedPlanetclosely”第一次有機(jī)會(huì)近距離研究這顆紅色星球，可知應(yīng)是科學(xué)家們研究，故選D。6．句意：天問(wèn)一號(hào)探測(cè)器是什么時(shí)候發(fā)出的？When何時(shí)；Where哪里；How怎樣、如何；Why為什么。根據(jù)下文的回答“InJuly2020.”可知此處應(yīng)是問(wèn)天問(wèn)一號(hào)探測(cè)器是什么時(shí)候發(fā)出的，故選A。7．句意：專(zhuān)家表示，將探測(cè)器送入軌道的難度相當(dāng)于從巴黎擊中一個(gè)小球，然后將其降落在東京的一個(gè)洞里。possibility可能性；gravity重力；difficulty困難；safety安全。根據(jù)“sendingtheprobeintoorbitwasequaltohittingasmallballfromParisandlandingitinaholeinTokyo.”將探測(cè)器送入軌道相當(dāng)于從巴黎擊中一個(gè)小球，并將其降落在東京的一個(gè)洞中，可知這里說(shuō)的是困難的程度，故選C。8．句意：最后的著陸更加困難。kicking踢；hitting撞擊；sending發(fā)送；landing著陸。根據(jù)“Andthefinal…wasevenmoredifficult.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知最后的著陸更加困難，故選D。9．句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)它也叫“恐怖九分鐘”。still仍然；instead相反；ever曾經(jīng)；also也。根據(jù)“Ihearit’s…calledthe“nineminutesofterror”.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知是我聽(tīng)說(shuō)它也叫“恐怖九分鐘”，故選D。10．句意：在9分鐘內(nèi)，探測(cè)器必須將速度從每小時(shí)2萬(wàn)公里降至零，在火星上空125公里處著陸。speed速度；height高；weight重；length長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“Innineminutes,theprobehadtoreduceits…from20,000kmperhourtozero,”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知是在9分鐘內(nèi)，探測(cè)器的速度從每小時(shí)2萬(wàn)公里降為零，故選A。11．句意：雖然探測(cè)器距離地球3.2億公里，但如果從地球上控制探測(cè)器，信號(hào)會(huì)延遲10分鐘以上。Though雖然；Until直到；Unless除非；As作為。根據(jù)“…theprobeis320millionkmawayfromEarth,thereisasignaldelay（延遲）ofover10minutesiftheresearchteamtriestocontrolitfromEarth.”可知前后句之間存在一種相反的讓步關(guān)系，因此用Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故選A。12．句意：所以探測(cè)器必須自己完成著陸!putout撲滅；carryout完成、實(shí)現(xiàn)；runout用盡；lookout小心。根據(jù)“Sotheprobehadto…thelandingonitsown!”結(jié)合上文語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知是探測(cè)器必須自己完成著陸，故選B。13．句意：當(dāng)探測(cè)器最終減速時(shí)，在離火星100米的高空，它停留在空中，保護(hù)著陸點(diǎn)。checked核對(duì)；covered覆蓋；protected保護(hù)；avoided避免。根據(jù)“Whentheprobefinallysloweddown.at100metersaboveMars.itstayedintheairand…thelandingarea.”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)，可知是當(dāng)探測(cè)器最終減速時(shí)，在離火星100米的高空，它停留在空中，保護(hù)著陸點(diǎn)，故選C。14．句意：在最終著陸之前，它必須以自己的方式遠(yuǎn)離物體，比如巖石。while而；once一旦；before之前；after之后。根據(jù)“Ithadtomoveawayfromtheobjectsinitswaysuchasrocks,…finallytouchingdown.”可知在最終著陸之前，它必須以自己的方式遠(yuǎn)離物體，故選C。15．句意：感謝你向我們展示奇妙的天問(wèn)一號(hào)探測(cè)器。lucky幸運(yùn)的；comfortable舒服的；fantastic奇異的；energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)“Thankyouforshowingour…Tianwen1probe.”結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容及選項(xiàng)，可知天問(wèn)一號(hào)探測(cè)器應(yīng)是非常奇妙的，故選C。16．A17．B18．A19．C20．A21．C22．B23．A【解析】【分析】文章介紹了細(xì)菌都會(huì)在生活中哪里會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)以及細(xì)菌對(duì)人類(lèi)的危害。16．句意：細(xì)菌無(wú)處不在。Germs細(xì)菌；Books書(shū)；Gardens花園；根據(jù)“Whatmakesusill?Itisthegerms（細(xì)菌）.”可知，此處說(shuō)的是細(xì)菌無(wú)處不在，故選A。17．句意：它們很小。big大的；small小的；long長(zhǎng)的；根據(jù)“Youcan’tfindthemwithyoureyes”可知，細(xì)菌是非常小的，故選B。18．句意：你用眼睛找不到它們，但你可以用顯微鏡看到它們。with用；to朝，向；of……的；根據(jù)“amicroscope”可知，此處指的是用顯微鏡能看到細(xì)菌，故選A。19．句意：在臟水里總能發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌。clean干凈的；tidy整潔的；dirty臟的；根據(jù)“Whenwelookatdirtywaterunderthemicroscope”可知，此處指的是在臟水里能發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌，故選C。20．句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)陲@微鏡下觀察臟水時(shí)，我們會(huì)看到它們。them它們，賓格；him他；they它們，主格；空格作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用賓格；此處指代的是前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞Germs，應(yīng)用them代替，故選A。21．句意：細(xì)菌不僅存在于水中。food食物；drink飲料；water水；根據(jù)“Germsarealwaysfoundin...water.”可知，這里說(shuō)的是細(xì)菌不僅存在于水中，故選C。22．句意：它們也存在于空氣和灰塵中。neither兩者都不；also也，用于肯定句句中；too也，用于肯定句句末；根據(jù)“Germsarefoundnotonlyin...”可知，此處表達(dá)的是“也”，肯定句句中用also，故選B。23．句意：當(dāng)你割傷手指時(shí)，如果地板上的灰塵進(jìn)入傷口，一些細(xì)菌就會(huì)進(jìn)入你的手指。cut切，割；check檢查；make制作；根據(jù)“ifsomedustfromthefloorgoesintothecut”可知，此處說(shuō)的是如果切到手指，故選A。24．B25．A26．B27．C28．A29．B30．C31．B32．C33．A34．A35．B36．C37．A38．C【解析】【分析】本文介紹了手在水里會(huì)出現(xiàn)褶皺的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。24．句意：你曾注意到你的手指在剛游完泳或者洗完衣服的時(shí)候有皺紋嗎？making做，使；washing洗；folding折疊。根據(jù)“Haveyouevernoticedthatyourfingersarewrinkled...”和常識(shí)可知，洗過(guò)衣服后手有皺紋。故選B。25．句意：你的手看起來(lái)短時(shí)間內(nèi)老了30年。that那個(gè)；which哪個(gè)；what什么。Itseemsthat...表示“看起來(lái)”，固定句型。故選A。26．句意：皺紋有點(diǎn)像運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋鞋底的圖案。after在……之后；like像；喜歡；into到……里面。looklike表示“看起來(lái)像”。故選B。27．句意：因此科學(xué)家猜測(cè)手指上的皺紋可能是幫助手更好的拿東西。science科學(xué)，名詞；scientific科學(xué)的，形容詞；scientists科學(xué)家，名詞。根據(jù)“...madeaguessthat...”可知此處指某人猜測(cè)。故選C。28．句意：為了測(cè)試這件事，研究者讓20個(gè)人用手從水中撿彈珠。with和；by通過(guò)；from從。此空表示“用手”，用身體某個(gè)部位，用介詞with。故選A。29．句意：但是在他們開(kāi)始撿彈珠之前，一半人必須把手放到水里半個(gè)小時(shí)。after在……之后；before在……前面；while當(dāng)……時(shí)。根據(jù)“Soscientistsmadeaguessthatwrinklesonfingersmightbeabletohelpthehanksholdthingsbetter.”可知這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了驗(yàn)證手上的皺紋是否為了幫助人們拿東西，因此一部分人需要在撿彈珠之前把手當(dāng)?shù)剿铮莩霭櫦y。故選B。30．句意：但是當(dāng)他們移動(dòng)干彈珠的時(shí)候，所有人表現(xiàn)都一樣，不論手上是否有皺紋。ask問(wèn)；areasked被問(wèn)；wereasked被問(wèn)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)“Theresearchersdiscoveredthepeoplewhohadwrinkledfingerscompletedthetaskfasterthatthosewhosehandsweredry.”可知描述過(guò)去的事，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)they和ask之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。31．句意：但是當(dāng)他們移動(dòng)干彈珠的時(shí)候，所有人表現(xiàn)都一樣，不論手上是否有皺紋。we我們；they他們；you你們，你。此空指“allthepeople”用人稱(chēng)代詞they。故選B。32．句意：我們的祖先可能不玩彈珠，但是有皺紋的手能夠讓他們?cè)诔睗竦纳盍种信逝?，從河里抓魚(yú)更簡(jiǎn)單。this這個(gè)；that那個(gè)；it它。此空用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式。故選C。33．句意：我們的祖先可能不玩彈珠，但是有皺紋的手能夠讓他們?cè)诔睗竦纳盍种信逝溃瑥暮永镒ヴ~(yú)更簡(jiǎn)單。rivers河；roads道路；skies天空。根據(jù)“...thatwrinklesonfingersmightbeabletohelpthehanksholdthingsbetter.”可知手上的皺紋使與有水有關(guān)的工作變得簡(jiǎn)單。故選A。34．句意：相同地，我們的腳在水中也會(huì)有皺紋。also也，位于句中。too也，位于肯定句句末；either也，位于否定句句末。此句為肯定句，且位于句中。故選A。35．句意：這可能是從我們的祖先需要在潮濕地面跑步發(fā)展來(lái)的。under在……下面；on在……上面；in在……里面。根據(jù)“...thewetground.”可知此處指在潮濕的地面跑步。故選B。36．句意：但是問(wèn)題是，如果有皺紋的手如此有用，為什么我們的手不一直那樣？how怎樣；which哪個(gè)；why為什么。根據(jù)“Butthequestionis...”可知此處引出疑問(wèn)，用why引導(dǎo)。故選C。37．句意：事實(shí)上，有皺紋的手有很多缺點(diǎn)。are是；have有；is是。此處為T(mén)herebe句型，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故選A。38．句意：那可能讓我們感到不舒服。powerful有力量的；enjoyable快樂(lè)的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根據(jù)“Infact,thereareseveraldisadvantagesaboutwrinkledfingers.”可知此處指皺紋的手的缺點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)符合。故選C。39．B40．B41．D42．A43．D44．C45．A46．C47．B48．C【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了宇航服對(duì)宇航員的作用以及它的構(gòu)造。39．句意：沒(méi)有這些特殊的宇航服，宇航員就不能離開(kāi)他們的宇宙飛船。private私人的；special特別的；plastic塑料的；expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)“astronautswouldn’tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship”可知，這些特別的宇航服能讓宇航員成功地離開(kāi)飛船，故選B。40．句意：也就是說(shuō)，他們不能在月球上行走，也不能在國(guó)際空間站之外工作。run跑步；walk行走；live居住；surf沖浪。根據(jù)“theywouldn’tbeableto…ontheMoon”及常識(shí)，可知，此處是指宇航員在月球上行走，故選B。41．句意：太空對(duì)人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的地方。funny搞笑的；natural自然的；beautiful漂亮的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)“Firstly,thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly,spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation”可知，太空是危險(xiǎn)的地方，故選D。42．句意：能量可以通過(guò)我們的身體，使我們生病。sick病態(tài)的；bored無(wú)聊的；strong強(qiáng)壯的；relaxed放松的。根據(jù)“Secondly,spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation”可知，這些輻射能讓人們生病，故選A。43．句意：第三，太空的一些部分很冷，而其他部分很熱。after在……之后；since自從；before在……之前；while然而。根據(jù)“somepartsofspacearereallycold”及“otherpartsareveryhot”可知，這是將兩部分進(jìn)行對(duì)比，一些部分很冷，而其他部分很熱，故選D。44．句意：因此，如果宇航員不穿宇航服走出飛船，他們可能會(huì)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)死亡。rushed沖出；jumped跳躍；stepped行走；excaped逃跑。根據(jù)“they…outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.”可知，不穿宇航服就在飛船外行走會(huì)有生命危險(xiǎn)，故選C。45．句意：太空服將宇航員安全地密封在里面。safely安全地；quickly快速地；quietly安靜地；terribly糟糕地。根據(jù)“l(fā)etastronautsbreathenormally”可知，這種衣服會(huì)讓他們安全地待在里面，故選A。46．句意：與此同時(shí)，宇航員呼出的二氧化碳也被吸走了。who誰(shuí)；this這個(gè)；that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；whether是否。此處是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞CO2指物，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故選C。47．句意：宇航服下面還有一套看起來(lái)像緊身睡衣的宇航服，里面有小管子。above在……之上；under在……之下；behind在……之后；between在……之間。根據(jù)常識(shí)，宇航服有很多層，在下面的一層是看起來(lái)像睡衣一樣的宇航服，故選B。48．句意：水通過(guò)這些管道給宇航員降溫，因?yàn)榇┯詈椒?huì)讓宇航員很熱。washaway沖走；warmup熱身；cooloff冷卻；cleanout清除。根據(jù)“becausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot”可知，這個(gè)可以讓宇航員降溫，故選C。49．C50．D51．C52．C53．A54．B55．A56．C57．B58．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹NewStory團(tuán)隊(duì)和ICON見(jiàn)智科技公司用3D打印技術(shù)幫助窮人建造房子。49．句意：他們建造房子的方式很不尋常，是通過(guò)3D打印技術(shù)。common普通的；expensive昂貴的；unusual不尋常的；strong強(qiáng)壯的。根據(jù)“3D-printingtechnology”可知3D打印技術(shù)建造房子不尋常，用形容詞unusual。故選C。50．句意：新故事是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，給那些付不起錢(qián)的人帶來(lái)便宜又好的房子。these這些；those那些；this這個(gè)；that那個(gè)。agroup后面是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是group，定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞that。故選D。51．句意：新故事是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，給那些付不起錢(qián)的人帶來(lái)便宜又好的房子。clean清理；repair修理；afford支付得起；borrow借。根據(jù)“bringcheapbutgoodhousestopeople”可知此處表達(dá)的是付不起錢(qián)用couldn’tafford。故選C。52．句意：這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)在像玻利維亞、薩爾瓦多、海地和墨西哥這樣的地方建造了超過(guò)2700棟房子。by通過(guò)；with和；like像；between在二者之間。根據(jù)“Bolivia,EISalvador,HaitiandMexico”可知是在舉例子，用like。故答案為C。53．句意:在過(guò)去，新故事用正常的方式建造它的房子。its它的；his他的；her她的；my我的。根據(jù)“NewStory”可知此處用its表示“它的”。故選A。54．句意：但是要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。had有；took拿走，做某事花某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；cost某人花費(fèi)錢(qián)；spent某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)在某物上或做某事。主語(yǔ)是it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞“建造房子”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用took。故選B。55．句意:那是為什么新故事開(kāi)始用Icon來(lái)工作。why為什么；how怎樣；what什么；when什么時(shí)間。前面解釋了原因，此處用why來(lái)說(shuō)明“那就是為什么……的原因”。故選A。56．句意：Icon發(fā)展了一種方法用3D打印和混凝土來(lái)建房子。possibly可能；quickly迅速地；carefully小心地；suddenly突然。根據(jù)“by3D-printingthemwithconcrete”可知此處用副詞carefully表示細(xì)心地。故選C。57．句意：新故事建造房子的一些地區(qū)受到地震的侵襲，因此Icon的房子被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)能承受住地震。for為了；so因此；or否則；as因?yàn)?。前面講述的是原因，此處用連詞so表示“因此”。故選B。58．句意：因?yàn)檫@些房子用電腦進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，很容易改變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)來(lái)滿(mǎn)足不同家庭的需要。share分享；print打??；change改變；produce生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)“suittheneedsofdifferentfamilies”可知此處用動(dòng)詞change表示根據(jù)需要對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行改變。故選C。59．B60．A61．C62．D63．A64．D65．C66．C67．B68．D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要談?wù)撔υ谌藗兩钪械淖饔?，并解答人們何時(shí)會(huì)笑？為什么會(huì)笑？59．句意：我們甚至在開(kāi)始說(shuō)話(huà)前就開(kāi)始會(huì)笑了。when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；before在……前；after在……后；until直到。根據(jù)“Westarttolaughataboutfourmonthsofage”以及“Westarttolaugheven…westarttospeak”可知，在四個(gè)月時(shí)就開(kāi)始笑。由此可判斷，我們?cè)陂_(kāi)始說(shuō)話(huà)前就開(kāi)始會(huì)笑。故選B。60．句意：笑是真誠(chéng)的。honest真誠(chéng)的，誠(chéng)實(shí)的；difficult困難的；happy快樂(lè)的；different不同的。根據(jù)“Whenpeoplepretendtolaugh,mostpeopleknowit’snotreal”可知，此處指笑是真誠(chéng)的，故選A。61．句意：只有10%到20%的笑聲是關(guān)于有趣的事情。crazy瘋狂的；wonderful精彩的；funny搞笑的；amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“Only10to20percentoflaughterisaboutsomething”可知，遇到有趣的事情會(huì)發(fā)出笑聲，故選C。62．句意：我不想和你競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。laugh大笑；work工作；play玩耍；compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)“Iwanttobefriendlywithyou”可知，想跟對(duì)方友好相處，不想競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故選D。63．句意：這通常是一個(gè)小笑話(huà)，但我們經(jīng)常笑。small小的；big大的；interesting有趣的；famous著名的。根據(jù)“butwelaughalot”可知，后文表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前表示只是一個(gè)小小的笑話(huà)，故選A。64．句意：我們笑聲幫我們放松。work工作；exercise鍛煉；sleep睡覺(jué)；relax放松。根據(jù)“Ourlaughterhelpsus”可知，可以幫助人們放松，故選D。65．句意：不是每個(gè)人都有相同的幽默感。smell味道；duty責(zé)任；humour幽默；safety安全。根據(jù)“Somepeoplethinkajokeisfunny,butotherpeopledon’tthinkso.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisfunny”可知，每個(gè)人的幽默感都是不同的，故選C。66．句意：我們所認(rèn)為的“有趣”是隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化的。knowledge知識(shí)；places地方；time時(shí)間；culture文化。本段講述，從幼兒到成人笑的理由各不相同。由此可知，我們所認(rèn)為的“有趣”是隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化的，故選C。67．句意：他們對(duì)很多事情都感興趣，所以他們笑得多。alittle一點(diǎn)；alot許多；loudly大聲地；happily開(kāi)心地。根據(jù)“Theyareinterestedinmanythings”可知，對(duì)許多事情感興趣，所以笑得多一些，故選B。68．句意：我們笑的理由逐漸改變。examples例子；minds思想；results結(jié)果；reasons理由。根據(jù)本段開(kāi)頭“Ourideaofwhatisfunnychangeswith”可知，每個(gè)人笑的理由都不一樣，故選D。69．B70．D71．B72．C73．C74．D75．D76．A77．A78．C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了一些關(guān)于我們的耳朵和性格的有趣的事情。69．句意：讓我告訴你一些關(guān)于我們的耳朵和性格的有趣的事情。everything一切；something一些事情；anything任何事情；nothing沒(méi)有什么事。根據(jù)空后的“aboutourearsandourcharacters”可知，此處表示“一些事情”，且句子是一個(gè)肯定句，應(yīng)用something。故選B。70．句意：耳朵的大小和形狀比臉的其他部位更能體現(xiàn)我們的性格。another另一個(gè)；others別人，剩余的一部分；theother兩者中的另一個(gè)；other其他的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“其他的”，構(gòu)成“anyother+單數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。71．句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，臉部的其他部位會(huì)改變形狀，但耳朵不會(huì)改變。easier更容易的；older更老的；younger更年輕的；stronger更強(qiáng)壯的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，人會(huì)越來(lái)越老。故選B。72．句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，臉部的其他部位會(huì)改變形狀，但耳朵不會(huì)改變。our我們的；his他的；their他/她/它們的；your你(們)的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指的是“耳朵的形狀”，句中的名詞ears是復(fù)數(shù)形式，由此可推知此處指的是“它們的”。故選C。73．句意：通過(guò)耳朵讀人的性格是一門(mén)非常古老的科學(xué)。Believing相信；Greeting致敬，歡迎；Reading閱讀；Contoling控制。根據(jù)“people’scharacters”可知，此處指的是從耳朵來(lái)讀懂人的性格。故選C。74．句意：他們還認(rèn)為耳朵的形狀可以顯示一個(gè)人是否有音樂(lè)天賦。if是否；how怎么樣；why為什么；whether是否。根據(jù)句中的“ornot”可知，此處只能用whether。故選D。75．句意：耳朵是不同的，每個(gè)特征都有其含義。same相同的；similar相似的；difficult困難的；different不同的。根據(jù)“eachcharacteristichasameaning”可知，耳朵是不同的。故選D。76．句意：中國(guó)人相信大耳垂的人總是有好運(yùn)氣。always總是；seldom很少，不常；hardly幾乎不；never從不。根據(jù)“peoplewithbigearlobes”可知，大耳垂的人總是有好運(yùn)氣。故選A。77．句意：耳朵總是紅色意味著一個(gè)人可能很容易生氣，或者他或她可能只是有高血壓。get變得；take拿；achieve完成；receive收到。根據(jù)“angry”可知，需要一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞，故選A。78．句意：你能更多地了解我們的耳朵和性格嗎？getout逃離；putout撲滅；findout發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到；sellout賣(mài)完。根據(jù)句意及空后“moreaboutourearsandourcharacters”可知，此處表示找到更多我們的耳朵和性格的信息。故選C。79．B80．D81．B82．C83．C84．A85．A86．D87．C88．D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中醫(yī)的一些文化以及它對(duì)世界各地的影響。79．句意：中國(guó)最早的醫(yī)學(xué)經(jīng)典《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》問(wèn)世于2000多年前。easiest最容易的；earliest最早的；newest最新的；mostvaluable最有價(jià)值的。根據(jù)“morethan2,000yearsago”可知，此處介紹最早出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間，故選B。80．句意：這本書(shū)是關(guān)于人與自然的關(guān)系的。objects目標(biāo)；plants植物；animals動(dòng)物；nature自然。根據(jù)“InChineseculture,yinandyangarethetwopartsofnature”可知，此處是指人與自然的關(guān)系，故選D。81．句意：如果陰陽(yáng)和諧相處，自然就會(huì)保持平衡。hard難地；well好地；quietly安靜地；confidently自信地。根據(jù)“ifyinandyangwork…together.”可知，此處是指陰陽(yáng)和諧相處，故選B。82．句意：人體也需要這樣的平衡。culture文化；book書(shū)；balance平衡；promise承諾。根據(jù)“Naturekeepsbalanced”可知，人類(lèi)也跟自然一樣，需要這樣的平衡，故選C。83．句意：特別的是，對(duì)于一些健康問(wèn)題，中醫(yī)醫(yī)生不會(huì)給你開(kāi)藥。time時(shí)間；advice建議；medicine藥物；difficulty困難。根據(jù)“adoctorofTCMdoesnotgiveyou”以及“Instead,hemaygiveyoujustafoodplanandrightwaystoeat”可知，中醫(yī)往往會(huì)給一些通過(guò)食療的建議來(lái)代替藥物