2025年上海普陀區(qū)高三一模高考英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁普陀區(qū)2024學年第一學期高三英語質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語試卷考生注意：1.考試時間105分鐘,試卷滿分115分。2.本次考試設試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，務必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhyHastheGreatWallPreservedSoWell?TheGreatWall,asymbolofancientcivilization,stretchesacrossnorthernChina.Despiteitsgrandeur,1remainstodayisonlyapartofitsformerself,duetothewearanddamagecausedbytimeandnature.However,arecentdiscoveryrevealsthatnature2mightbeplayingacrucialroleinpreservingthishistoricalwonder.Thinlayersofbacteriaandotherorganisms,knownasbiocrusts,havebeenconsidered3(protect)sectionsoftheGreatWall,shelteringitfromwindandrain,andotherdestructiveelements.AstudypublishedinScienceAdvanceshighlightsthesignificantrolethese“l(fā)ivingskins”playinconservingthisancientarchitecturalmarvel.4advancesintechnologyandresearch,scientistsarenowexploringthepotentialofcultivatingnewbiocruststopreventfurtherdegradationoftheWall.NicholeBarger,anecologist,praisesthestudyas“innovativeandcreative”,notingthattheprotectiveeffectsofbiocrusts5(gain)increasingrecognitioninrecentyears.Itisacknowledgedthatdrylandecosystems6(stabilize)andsoilerosion(侵蝕)ispreventedbythesebiologicallayers.7themorefamoussectionsoftheGreatWallareconstructedfromstonesorbricks,otherpartswerebuiltusingpackedsoil.Yet,thesamepackedsoilscanalsohostbiocrusts,8coverabout12%oftheEarth’slandsurface,particularlyindryregionslikenorthernChina.Thesebiocrustsvaryinform,9(range)fromthinbacterialnetworkstothickerlayersoflichen(青苔).SoilscientistBoXiaofromtheChinaAgriculturalUniversity,alongwithhiscolleagues,conductedastudytoinvestigatetheroleofbiocrustsinpreservingtheGreatWall.Theirresearchrevealedthatbiocrusts,primarily10(compose)ofmossorbacteria,coveredmorethantwo-thirdsoftheWall’ssurfaceintheareastheyexamined.Bystudyingthephysicalproperties,theymadeasignificantdiscovery.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accents

B.acquire

C.boundaries

D.fulfill

E.guidelines

F.liberallyG.precisely

H.priority

I.prospect

J.schedule

K.suspectFindYourLife’sWorkEveryonehastheirownlifevalues.Youwonderwhatyourvocationisandwhereyoucouldsuccessfully11yourpotential?Herearesometips.●TurnPassionintoProfitDonot12thisstatement:findsomethingyoulikeandyouwon’thavetoworkaday.Thereisnobetter13thangettinggoodmoneyforyourhobby.So,thinkaboutwhatyoureallyliketodoevenforfree.Evenifyouonlylovetoplayonlinegamesandtastedeliciousfood,youcangoforcookingortasting,gamedevelopmentorgointoe-sports,startathematicblog—asyoucansee,therearealotofoptions.●ImagineanIdealWorldAnotherwaytounderstandwhatismostimportanttoyouistoreflectonwhatanidealworldshouldlooklike.Perhapsyourpurposeis14tobringtherealworldclosertothisidealimage.Don’tlimityourselfto15.Letgooffantasyandletyourselfjustdream.Writedownanythoughtsthatcometomind.Payattentiontoallthedetailsand16,andthenthinkabouthowtotranslatethemintoreality.●RecallYourBestMomentsTodetermineyourtop17,thinkaboutthemomentsinwhichyouexperiencedthegreatestjoy.Whathasgivenyouthemostsatisfactioninthepast?Takealittletimeandrememberallthetimeswhenyouweresincerelyglad.So,youwillunderstandwhatyourmain18areatthisstageoflife.●CreateaRoadmapYou’veidentifiedyourgoals.Now,developadetailedplan,likedrawingamapfromyourcurrentlifetoyourdesiredfuture.FindthebestroutefrompointAtopointB.Thinkaboutwhatskillsyouneedto19andwhatdailyhabitsareworthaddingtoyourlife.Themorespecificpointsyouputonthemap,theeasieritwillbeto20themandstartmovingtowardsyourgoal.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.InIndonesia,researchersrecentlycapturedaremarkablebehavioronvideo.AwildapenamedRakus,withadeepwoundonhischeek,wasseenakindofleaves,chewingthemup,andapplyingthemtohisinjury.Surprisingly,thewoundhealedwithoutinfection.Studiesrevealthattheseplantshavemedicalproperties,whichlikelyhisrecovery.Rakus’sactionsdemonstrateadeepunderstandingofbotany—aknowledgeofplantsfewhumanstoday.Althoughourcollectiveknowledgeofplantsciencegrows,individualofplantsisdeclining.Inmodernlife,whilewestilldependonplantsforsurvival,fewerpeoplefinditnecessarytoknowmuchaboutthem.Mostofusrelyonbotaniststoidentifyandunderstandplants,trustingtheirexpertise(專門知識)toensureourwellbeing.However,thenumberofprofessionalbotanistsisshrinking,andthishasraisedconcernswithinthefield.TheNationalCenterforEducationStatisticssoundedanearlyalarmin2015,notingthatthenumberofbotanydegreesawardedintheUnitedStateshadfallenbelow400.Whilethatnumberhassinceslightly,with489degreesawardedin2023,thenumberofinstitutionsofferingbotanydegreescontinuestodecline,from76in2002to59in2023.“BotanyPhDsaredisappearing,”saysKathrynParsley,abiologistwhofocusesonplantsbutdidn’tpursueabotanydegreeduetolimited.Fundingshiftsareaprimaryfactorleadingtobotany’sdecline.TheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF),,hasmoveditsfundingprioritiesawayfromtraditionalbotany,appliedscienceswitheconomicpotential.Thisimpactsuniversityfundingdecisions,leadingmanyschoolstoreduceoreliminatebotanyprograms.Thedeclininginbotanyisfurtherdrivenby“plantblindness,”aphenomenonwherepeopleignoreplantsintheirenvironment,failingtorecognizetheirimportance.IntheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom,asbotanyprofessorsretire,theyareoftennot,leavingagapinplantexpertise.Thiscouldbecomeapressingissue,particularlyinsectorslikeecologicalrestoration,whereplantidentificationskillsarecrucial.Whilesomebotanistsbelievethefieldisevolvingratherthandisappearing,thedemandforplantknowledgeremainscritical.Proposedlegislation,suchastheBotanyBillintheU.S.,seekstopreserveplantexpertise.,thechallengeofmaintainingessentialplantskillspersists,highlightingtheurgentneedtorecognizeandaddressthevalueofbotany.21．A．covering B．a(chǎn)bsorbing C．harvesting D．skipping22．A．a(chǎn)ccountedfor B．putoff C．tookon D．resultedfrom23．A．revise B．enhance C．subscribe D．possess24．A．sampling B．understanding C．occupation D．organization25．A．personally B．originally C．naturally D．joyfully26．A．greed B．tradition C．impression D．trend27．A．endured B．stimulated C．recovered D．discounted28．A．edition B．a(chǎn)vailability C．research D．conservation29．A．forinstance B．forsure C．incase D．ontheotherhand30．A．channeling B．equipping C．favoring D．blocking31．A．entry B．combination C．comparison D．shift32．A．interest B．emergence C．intention D．evidence33．A．invited B．replaced C．registered D．involved34．A．launch B．shortage C．motive D．pattern35．A．Hence B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．NeverthelessSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)SummerhillThisisastoryofamodernschool—Summerhill.Summerhillbeganasanexperimentalschool.Itisnolongersuch;itisnowademonstrationschool,foritdemonstratesthatfreedomworks.WhenmywifeandIbegantheschool,wehadonemainphilosophy:tomaketheschoolfitthechild—insteadofmakingthechildfittheschool.Obviously,aschoolthatmakesactivechildrensitatdesksstudyingmostlyuselesssubjectsisabadschool.Itisagoodschoolonlyforthosewhobelieveinsuchaschool,forthoseuncreativecitizenswhowantobedient,uncreativechildrenwhowillfitintoacivilizationwhosestandardofsuccessisfameandfortune.Ihadtaughtinordinaryschoolsformanyyears.Iknewtheotherwaywell.Iknewitwasallwrong.Itwaswrongbecauseitwasbasedonanadultconceptionofwhatachildshouldbeandofhowachildshouldlearn.Well,wesetouttomakeaschoolinwhichweshouldallowchildrenfreedomtobethemselves.Inordertodothis,wehadtoabandonalldisciplines,alldirections,allsuggestions,allmoraltraining,andallreligiousinstructions.Wehavebeencalledbrave,butitdidnotrequirecourage.Allitrequiredwaswhatwehad—acompletebeliefinthechildasagood,notanevil,being.Myviewisthatachildisbornwiseandrealistic.Iflefttohimselfwithoutadultsuggestionsofanykind,hewilldevelopasfarasheiscapableofdeveloping.Logically,Summerhillisaplaceinwhichpeoplewhohavetheinherentabilityandwishtobescholarswillbescholars;whilethosewhoareonlyfittosweepthestreetswillsweepthestreets.Butwehavenotproducedastreetcleanersofar.NordoIwritethissnobbishly(勢利的),forIwouldratherseeaschoolproduceahappystreetcleanerthanananxiousscholar.36．Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheprimaryideabehindstartingSummerhillSchool?A．Toensurestudentsbecomehappyscholars.B．Tofocusonmoralandreligiousinstructions.C．Tomaketheschooladapttotheneedsofeachchild.D．Tomakechildrensuitablefortheexistingsocialsystem.37．ThefoundersofSummerhillSchoolbelievethatchildren________.A．needstrictdisciplinetobesuccessful B．a(chǎn)renaturallywiseandrealisticC．shouldfocusprimarilyonreligiouseducation D．a(chǎn)remorecreativewithadultguidance38．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．SummerhillSchoolusesauniqueeducationalapproachcenteredongivingchildrenfreedom.B．SummerhillSchoolbelieveseverychildhasthepotentialtobecomeasuccessfulscholar.C．SummerhillSchoolrejectsstrictdisciplineandfocusesonachild-centeredenvironment.D．SummerhillSchoolchallengesthetraditionalmodelbyemphasizingchildren'sindependence.39．Whydoestheauthormentionpreferringa“happystreetcleaner”toan“anxiousscholar”?A．Toencouragestudentstoavoidbecomingworriedscholars.B．Toemphasizethatstreetcleanersarehappierthanscholars.C．Tohighlighttheimportanceofastress-freeandenrichinglife.D．TodemonstratethatSummerhillcareslessaboutacademicachievements.(B)Thefollowingtextsexploredifferentperspectivesonthetopicofreducingworkhours.Asyouread,considertheargumentsandevidencepresentedtounderstandthecomplexitiesofthisissue.“Reducingworkhourscanactuallyboostproductivity.Studiesshowthatemployeeswitha4-dayworkweekaremorefocusedandefficient.Withfewerhours,workersspendlesstimeonnon-productiveactivities,experiencinglessburnoutandhigherjobsatisfaction.Thetraditional40-hourworkweekisoutdated;itdoesn’tfitwithtoday’sfast-pacedworkenvironmentsormentalhealthneeds.Companiesimplementingshorterweekshaveseenuptoa20%increaseinproductivity,indicatingthatqualityoftensurpassesquantity.”Dr.MariaThompson,BehavioralEconomist“Cuttingworkhourssoundsappealing,butit’snotfeasibleacrossallindustries.Somesectors,likehealthcareandmanufacturing,requireconstantcoverage.Reducinghourscouldleadtostaffshortages,increasedcosts,andaheavierworkloadforremainingemployees.Noteveryjoborpersonfitsintoareduced-hoursmodel.Whiletheremaybeproductivitygainsinspecificcases,generalizingthisapproachcouldharmoverallworkforcestabilityandprofitability.Wemustconsiderbotheconomicrealitiesandthevaryingneedsacrossindustries.”ProfessorJohnBaker,LaborRelationsExpert“Thedebateovershorterworkweekshasbecomeahottopic,withadvocatespointingtomentalhealthandproductivitybenefits,whileopponentswarnofpracticalandeconomicchallenges.Whilethe4-dayworkweekworksforsome,itmaynotbeaone-size-fits-allsolution.Abalancebetweenflexibleschedulesandorganizationalneedsmayultimatelyofferthebestpathforward.”CommentaryfromIndustryJournalWorkforceWeekly40．WhatisthemainargumentpresentedbyDr.MariaThompson?A．Employeeswithshorterworkweeksarelessproductive.B．Thetraditional40-hourworkweekisstillhighlyeffective.C．Reducingworkhourscanincreaseefficiencyandjobsatisfaction.D．Shorterworkhourscanleadtoincreasedburnoutandinefficiency.41．WhatconcerndoesProfessorJohnBakerraiseaboutreducingworkhours?A．Itwilldecreaseproductivityacrossallindustries.B．Itmayleadtohigherexpensesandstaffshortage.C．Employeeswillbegrantedtoomuchfreetime.D．Thementalhealthofemployeeswillworsen.42．Basedonthetexts,whymightsomecompaniesresistadoptinga4-dayworkweek?A．Theyareconcerneditcouldreduceoverallproductivity.B．Theybelieveallemployeespreferatraditionalschedule.C．Theyfeelitunnecessarygivencurrentmentalhealthtrends.D．Theyworryitwon’tworkforindustriesrequiringconstantstaffing.(C)Arthasalwaysoccupiedaspecialplaceinsociety.Manypeopleconsiderartiststobetheultimateauthoritiesonthenatureandexpressionofbeauty.Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswereviewedasbeingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists—inspiration—hasitsownmagicalqualities.Literally,“inspiration”isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswerethoughtofaspeoplewhowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.Ofcourse,artistscontributedtothismythology(神話).Manyartistscreditedtheirtalentstothepresenceofsomesupernaturalpower.Wholemovementsofarthavecenteredonthesupposedlyotherworldlynatureofart.Forexample,theRomanticpoetsbelievedthatartwasatermthatmeantanultimateexpressionofbeautyandtruth.Thesearchforthisidealledthemtoexplorebothnaturalandsupernaturalthemesintheirworks.Anotherpersistentviewofartregardeditsdivorcefromlogic.Reasonandlogicweretheprovinceofscientistsandphilosophers,whereascreativityandinsightweretheareaoftheartists.Thetwoseparateaspectsofthemindweresupposedtoremaindistinct.Butin1704,amajorbreakthroughoccurred.SirIsaacNewton,mathematicianandphysicist,publishedhisstudyoflight,Opticks.OneofNewton’smajordiscoverieswasonthenatureofcolor.Usingaprism(棱鏡),Newtonfoundthatwhitelightisactuallycomposedofallthecolorsoftherainbow.Heevenprovidedascientificexplanationforthepresenceofrainbows.Theartisticcommunitywasshocked.Ascientisthadtakenabeautifulandmagicalexperienceandreducedittothesimplerefractionofbeamsoflightthroughtheprismofaraindrop.Ascientisthadventuredintotheirsacredterritory.Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow.”Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.Andyet,fromanotherperspective,Newtondidnotreducethebeautyoftherainbow;heenhancedit.Inhissearchtouncoverthesecretsoftherainbow,Newtondemonstratedthewonder,creativity,andinspirationofanartist.Healsogavetheworldanotheropportunitytoexperiencethesublime(絕妙).Newton’sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthescienceofspectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsandknowtheircomposition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetorartistfeelswhenstaringatthosesamestars.43．Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthecommonviewofartistsinhistory?A．Artistswereconsideredlogicalandrational.B．Artistswereseenasinspiredandsomewhatstrange.C．Artistswereprimarilyfocusedonscientificdiscovery.D．Artistswerethoughttobewithoutanysupernaturalbeliefs.44．HowdidtheRomanticpoetsreacttoNewton’sdiscoveryaboutlightandcolor?A．Theybelieveditaddedanewdimensiontotheappreciationofbeauty.B．TheycreditedNewton’sinsightstomysticalinfluences.C．Theywereinspiredtointegratemorescientificthemesintheirpoetry.D．Theyfeltitfadedthepoeticbeautyofnaturalphenomena.45．WhydoestheauthormentionJohnKeats’andSamuelTaylorColeridge’sviewsonIsaacNewton?A．Toemphasizethesuperiorcreativityofpoetsoverscientists.B．Tohighlighttheimpactofscientificdiscoveriesonartisticperception.C．TostatethatShakespeare’sknowledgeofbeautywasunmatched.D．ToshowthatRomanticpoetsobjectedtoscientificprogress.46．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheArtisticInterpretationofScience B．TheContrastbetweenArtandLogicsC．TheInterplayofArtandScience D．IsaacNewton’sInfluenceonArtsSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.LittleMissMozartAn11-year-oldBritishcomposerearnedcomparisonswithMozartafterheroperaopenedinViennatoenthusiasticapplause.AlmaDeutscher,wholivedinSurreywithherparents,wasalreadyworld-famousasaviolinistandpianistbeforeherfirstfull-lengthoperamadeitsfirstperformanceontheAustrianstage.47CinderellawasacomposerwhomDeutscherdescribedas“abitlikeme”.DeutschersaidmuchofthemusicalinspirationbehindCinderellaandothercompositionscamewhenhermindwaselsewhere.DuringaninterviewwithNBC’sTodayshow,sheexplainedthattryingtocreatebeautifulmelodiesondemandoftenresultedinablankmind.48Theoperaistwoandahalfhourslongwiththemusicalscorerunningto237pages.49Deutschersaidtheprincehavingtoaskwhosefootwouldfittheslipperdidn’tmakemuchsense.Lotsofpeoplemighthavethesamesizedfoot,butonlyonepersoncouldhavewrittenthatmelody.ConductorSimonRattledeclaredhewas“absolutelybowledover”whenhefirstsawherperform,butitwasStephenFrywhofirstpredictedthatDeutschercouldbethisgeneration’sMozart,afterwatchingavideoofherperformingonline.50Shesaid,“IloveMozartverymuch.He’sprobablymyfavouritecomposer,butIdon’treallylikeitwhenpeoplecallme‘LittleMissMozart’becauseIdon’tlikebeingcalled‘little’.I’mverybig,andsecondly,ifIjustwroteeverythingMozartwroteagainitwouldbeboring.”A．However,itisnotacomparisonthatthe11-year-oldisparticularlykeenon.B．Interestingly,itwasoftenduringunexpectedmomentsthatabeautifulmelodysuddenlycametoher.C．Deutscher’smostambitiousworkhasenabledtheaudiencetoseehertalent.D．Insteadoftheglassslipperofthefairytale,theprincelooksforalostmelodyhecannotquiteremember.E．TheworkreinventedtheCinderellafairytaletobesetinanoperahouseruledbyameanstepmother.F．Shenevergotnervousonstage,asshewasjusthappythatpeoplewantedtolistentohermusic.Ⅲ.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ThePriceofWinningFourteen-year-oldAngussitsonthebench,watchinghisbaseballteamplay.He’soutofthegamebecausehemadeamistake.Forhiscoach,that'sunacceptable—mistakesdon’twingames.Butformostteens,thefocusonwinningisn’tasimportant.Inarecentstudy,90%ofteenagerssaidtheywouldratherplayandlosethansitonthesidelinesandnotplayatall.Forthem,sportsareaboutfun,learning,andbeingpartofateam.However,formanycoachesandparents,winningiseverything,andtheyexpectperfectionfromyoungplayers.Unfortunately,thispressuretowindrivesmanykidsawayfromorganizedsportsearlyon.Incompetitiveevents,nearlyeveryactionaplayermakesisexamined.Parentsandcoachesconstantlyshoutinstructions,sometimesyellingatkidsforerrorsormissedshots.Thisintenseenvironmentdoesn’tletkidsmaketheirownchoicesorlearnfromtheirmistakes.Insteadofenjoyingthegame,youngplayersfeelwatchedandjudgedeverysecond.Theylosethefreedomtoexploretheirabilitiesanddevelopnaturallyasathletesandindividuals.Theemphasisonwinningcreatesdeeperissues,too.Manykidsfeelanxiousbecausethey’reonlypraisedforscoringgoalsorwinningraces,notfortryinghardorimproving.Overtime,thisfocusonresultscanharmtheirself-confidence,especiallyifthey’reoftenbenched.Theystarttobelievethey’reonlyvaluableiftheyperformperfectly,whichcanmakesportsfeellikeaburdeninsteadofajoy.Twomonthslater,Angusisbackplayingbaseball—butnotonateam.He’sattheparkwithfriends,playingjustforfun,andhe’smuchhappier.Thisraisesanimportantquestion:Howmanypotentialchampionswillquitsportsunlessadultschangetheirattitude?Foryoungathletestothrive,theyneedsupportandencouragement,notthepressuretoalwayswin.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．接到電話說航班已取消，她立刻出發(fā)去了火車站。(inform)(漢譯英)53．別擔心淋雨，是時候試試你的新外套是否防雨了。(time)(漢譯英)54．這座幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的城堡俯瞰這座城市，見證了它在過去五百年的興衰。（overlook）（漢譯英）55．這家百年老店吸納了多國美食烹飪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受異國文化。(where)(漢譯英)V.GuidedWriting56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是明啟中學高三學生李明，收到你英國筆友Mike的來信(內(nèi)容如下)。請你給Mike寫一封回信，提供建議。你的回信須包含以下內(nèi)容：(1)你推薦的博物館或美術館，以及其中的某件展品；(2)你去該場所的經(jīng)歷以及推薦的理由。HiLiMing,I’mgoingtovisitChinathissummer.I’mparticularlyinterestedinexploringsomeofthemuseumsorgalleriesyou’veenjoyed.Couldyourecommendone?Lookingforwardtoyoursuggestions!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks,Mike答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．what2．itself3．toprotect##tobeprotecting4．With5．havegained6．a(chǎn)restabilized7．While##Though##Although8．which9．ranging10．composed【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了長城為什么保存得這么好的原因。1．考查主語從句。句意：盡管它宏偉壯觀，但由于時間和自然造成的磨損和破壞，今天剩下的只是它以前的一部分。該空引導主語從句（1remainstoday），從句中缺乏主語，意為“……的事物”，用連接代詞what。故填what。2．考查反身代詞。句意：然而，最近的一項發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，自然本身可能在保護這一歷史奇跡方面發(fā)揮著至關重要的作用。強調(diào)“大自然本身”所扮演的角色，用反身代詞itself。故填itself。3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：被稱為生物結(jié)皮的薄層細菌和其他生物被認為可以保護長城的部分區(qū)域，使其免受風雨和其他破壞性因素的影響。beconsideredtodosth.(被認為做某事)，protect可用不定式的一般式形式（表示與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或緊隨其后的動作），或用不定式的進行式形式（表示正在進行的或與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作）。故填toprotect/tobeprotecting。4．考查介詞。句意：隨著技術和研究的進步，科學家們現(xiàn)在正在探索培育新的生物結(jié)皮以防止長城進一步退化的潛力。結(jié)合句意可知，介詞with(隨著)符合，首字母大寫。故填With。5．考查時態(tài)。句意：生態(tài)學家NicholeBarger稱贊這項研究“具有創(chuàng)新性和創(chuàng)造性”，并指出近年來生物結(jié)皮的保護作用得到了越來越多的認可。由時間狀語inrecentyears可知，從句謂語動詞gain用現(xiàn)在完成時表過去動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，注意主謂一致。故填havegained。6．考查時態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：人們承認，旱地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是穩(wěn)定的，這些生物層可以防止水土流失。形容詞stabilized(穩(wěn)定的)，此處為系表結(jié)構(gòu)bestabilized，結(jié)合下文謂語isprevented可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時，注意主謂一致。故填arestabilized。7．考查讓步狀語從句。句意：雖然長城的著名部分是用石頭或磚塊建造的，但其他部分是用壓實的土壤建造的。前后句讓步關系，結(jié)合句意，用從屬連詞while/though/although(盡管)引導讓步狀語從句，首字母大寫。故填While/Though/Although。8．考查定語從句關系詞。句意：然而，同樣的堆積土壤也可能存在生物結(jié)皮，生物結(jié)皮覆蓋了地球約12%的陸地表面，特別是在中國北方等干旱地區(qū)。該空引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是biocrusts，指物，關系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，用關系代詞which。故填which。9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些生物結(jié)皮的形式各不相同，從薄的細菌網(wǎng)絡到較厚的地衣層。邏輯主語Thesebiocrusts和非謂語動詞range是主動關系，range用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填ranging。10．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們的研究表明，在他們檢查的區(qū)域，主要由苔蘚或細菌組成的生物結(jié)皮覆蓋了長城表面的三分之二以上。becomposedof(由……組成)，用過去分詞短語composedof…作名詞biocrusts的后置定語。故填composed。11．D12．K13．I14．G15．C16．A17．H18．E19．B20．J【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了如何找到自己畢生的事業(yè)，并給出了一些實用的建議。11．考查動詞。句意：你想知道你的職業(yè)是什么，以及你在哪里可以成功地發(fā)揮你的潛力？根據(jù)句意“發(fā)揮潛力”可知，空格處應填動詞fulfill作謂語，意為“實現(xiàn)，發(fā)揮”，情態(tài)動詞could后跟動詞原形。故選D項。12．考查動詞。句意：不要懷疑這句話：找到你喜歡的事情，你就一天都不用工作。根據(jù)句意“懷疑”可知，空格處應填動詞suspect作謂語，在祈使句中用動詞原形。故選K項。13．考查名詞。句意：沒有什么比從你的愛好中獲得好報酬更好的前景了。根據(jù)句意“前景”可知，空格處應填名詞prospect作主語，結(jié)合系詞is可知，主語是單數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞。故選I項。14．考查副詞。句意：也許你的目的就是正是把現(xiàn)實世界帶得更接近這個理想形象。根據(jù)句意“正是”可知，空格處應填副詞precisely修飾動詞bring，作狀語。故選G項。15．考查名詞。句意：不要把自己限制在界限內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意“界限”可知，空格處應填名詞boundary，且為可數(shù)名詞，表“范圍；界限”常用復數(shù)形式。故選C項。16．考查名詞。句意：注意所有的細節(jié)和口音，然后想想如何把它們變成現(xiàn)實。根據(jù)句意“口音”以及后文“translatethemintoreality”可知，用名詞accent作賓語，考慮到在此語境下，accent在廣義上也可以理解為某種“特點”或“特色”，且下文中有復數(shù)代詞them，故此處用復數(shù)形式更為貼切。故選A項。17．考查名詞。句意：要確定你的首要任務，想想你經(jīng)歷最大快樂的時刻。根據(jù)句意“首要任務”可知，空格處應填名詞priority作賓語，此處指你的首要任務，應用單數(shù)形式。故選H項。18．考查名詞。句意：所以，你會明白在這個階段的生活中你的主要準則是什么。根據(jù)句意“準則”可知，空格處