中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)題型專項(xiàng)2完形填空課件

專題二完形填空完形填空題是考查學(xué)生閱讀理解和語言運(yùn)用能力的綜合性試題。它考查的知識(shí)面廣，覆蓋面大，綜合性強(qiáng)，靈活度高。它不僅能客觀地反映出學(xué)生的知識(shí)水平，而且能反映出學(xué)生的閱讀能力、語言運(yùn)用能力、邏輯推理能力和分析判斷能力。它要求學(xué)生既要運(yùn)用自己所學(xué)的詞匯、語法等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)妥善地處理好每個(gè)單句，理解語義，又要處理好單句之間與全文之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。近五年廣東中考采用的完形填空是從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案的形式。其篇章多為一篇200多詞的短文，題量為10個(gè)單項(xiàng)選擇的小題。其選材多數(shù)是故事性的短文，也有科普文章、人物傳記、社會(huì)文化等類型的文章。由于這些文章涉及面廣，所以要求學(xué)生既要有比較扎實(shí)的英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，還要有一定的社會(huì)科學(xué)常識(shí)。完形填空題命題的選材與立意思路主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：1．體裁、題材多樣，考查學(xué)生涉獵各種信息的能力從完形填空題的選材可以看出該題型所選短文的體裁、題材多樣。體裁有記敘文、議論文等；題材涉及趣味故事、幽默小品、科普知識(shí)、日常生活、人物小記、社會(huì)話題等。盡管體裁、題材多樣，但所選的短文不長(zhǎng)，一般在200詞左右，而且短文情節(jié)連貫，層次分明，線索不復(fù)雜。一篇短文重點(diǎn)敘述一種觀點(diǎn)，幾個(gè)小段落集中表達(dá)一個(gè)主題。完形填空題如此選材的目的是考查學(xué)生是否有閱讀各種體裁、題材文章的能力以及獲取各種信息的能力。2．側(cè)重整體理解，考查學(xué)生快速閱讀的能力完形填空題實(shí)際上是恢復(fù)原貌式的閱讀理解題，各種短文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，段落清楚，而且一般不挖空首句，便于學(xué)生依據(jù)首句提示進(jìn)行整體理解。解答完形填空題要求學(xué)生具備快速閱讀的各種技巧，如速讀、跳讀、查讀、猜詞等。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁疹}要求學(xué)生在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)不僅要讀完全文和選項(xiàng)，而且要考慮各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的正誤，同時(shí)還要對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)詞義進(jìn)行辨析，對(duì)隱含的主題進(jìn)行推斷，對(duì)有些答案要反復(fù)核查。由此可見，讀速快慢會(huì)直接影響答題效果。3．側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，考查學(xué)生掌握語言知識(shí)的能力完形填空題以文入手，結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)語言知識(shí)，主要是考查學(xué)生詞語搭配、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語法規(guī)則的能力。4．上下對(duì)照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力做完形填空題，有時(shí)單看一句是得不出答案的，需要閱讀下句，甚至若干句后才有“茅塞頓開”之感。上下文對(duì)照，即在上文或下文中找到與答案相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。學(xué)生在答題時(shí)要有邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。5．設(shè)置語境，考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力解答完形填空題，有時(shí)無上下對(duì)照的關(guān)鍵詞做參考，學(xué)生需要根據(jù)前后語境去推斷答案。在這種試題中，往往是四個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入句中后，其語法及句子結(jié)構(gòu)都正確。但聯(lián)系前后語境，卻只有一個(gè)答案。6．結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)解題的能力有時(shí)命題者在完形填空題中考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí)知識(shí)，看看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識(shí)，能否利用常識(shí)去做出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。這類題的設(shè)計(jì)，往往將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)放入句中，其語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)都正確，而且不一定需要上下文聯(lián)系，只需依據(jù)常識(shí)解答。1．讀通全文，了解大意完形填空題不同于單項(xiàng)選擇題，它所給的是一篇意思完整的短文，所選的答案處在整段或整篇文章當(dāng)中。做完形填空時(shí)，一定要先通讀一遍全文，對(duì)全文內(nèi)容、作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度、文體等各方面有一個(gè)宏觀的了解。如果為了節(jié)省時(shí)間而邊看邊填，就會(huì)欲速則不達(dá)，這樣不僅失誤率高，且費(fèi)時(shí)不少。閱讀中要重視文章首句，因?yàn)槭拙渫翘剿鞫涛娜驳摹按翱凇?，常常點(diǎn)明了全文的中心思想，對(duì)理解文章影響很大。通讀全文時(shí)，應(yīng)采用快速閱讀法，如遇到個(gè)別生詞，要么通過上下文或構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)其意，要么暫時(shí)略過，不必進(jìn)行字斟句酌的精讀。2．逐句細(xì)讀，邊讀邊選通讀全文后就可以在細(xì)讀的基礎(chǔ)上完成填空了。這時(shí)要細(xì)心謹(jǐn)慎，逐句地細(xì)讀和分析，每填一空都要注意形義恰當(dāng)和前后照應(yīng)。做題時(shí)要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用文中的信息句，從字里行間尋求啟示。因?yàn)樵~與詞、句與句之間都是靠一定語法關(guān)系和固定短語的搭配而聯(lián)系在一起的，所以可根據(jù)上下文的語意來選擇與前后句有聯(lián)系的名詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。在選擇中應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則，對(duì)有把握的選項(xiàng)可一錘定音，如果遇到一時(shí)難以確定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的有把握的，待填完其他空白后，再回過頭來做前面的，有時(shí)前后空白形成互相提示和補(bǔ)充。3．重讀全文，核實(shí)答案所有的答案選出之后，應(yīng)再讀全文，對(duì)所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)調(diào)整。經(jīng)過第二步逐句推敲之后，對(duì)短文內(nèi)容的理解更為深刻。在第二步時(shí)有些難解或誤解的問題就很容易暴露出來，從而也能得到更好的解決?！纠?】2023年廣東省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試LittleDoraalwayswantedasister.SowhenMomtoldhershewouldhaveoneinsixmonths，shefeltvery__1__.ButDorahadtobeawayforsometime.Shehadpromisedtostaywithhergrandparentstillautumncame.“HowcanImake__2__gofaster?Ican’twaittoseethe__3__，”Dorasaidtoherselfwhileshewassittinginhergrandparents’yardoneday.Shehadagood__4__whenshesawtheappletreeintheyard.Shedecidedto__5__apictureofthetreeeachday.AsGrandpasaid，bythetimeshesawredapplesonthetree，shewouldhaveasister!Dora’sfirstpicturewasatreefullofgreenleaves.Daybyday，theweathergotcooler.Theleavesslowly__6__theircolorandtinyapplesappearedamongthem.__7__，Doradrewherlastpictureofthetree.Ithadalotofredapples.Nowitwastimetoreturnhome.Whensheenteredthehouse，MomandDadwere__8__heronthesofa.Eachofthemwas__9__ababyintheirarms.“Nowyouhaveasisterandabrother！”Dadsaid.“Wow，I’mthe__10__sisterintheworld！”Dorasaidhappily.“Look!Theirfacesareasroundasredapples.Theyaresocute.”【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了朵拉在媽媽懷孕的時(shí)候，用畫蘋果樹來打發(fā)時(shí)間，最后見到弟弟妹妹非常開心的故事。(

)1．A．rich B．a(chǎn)fraidC．nervous D．cheerful【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)媽媽告訴她六個(gè)月后就要生孩子時(shí)，她感到非常高興。rich“富有的”；afraid“害怕的”；nervous“緊張的”；cheerful“高興的”。根據(jù)“LittleDoraalwayswantedasister.”可知，朵拉是很開心的。故選D。D

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)2．A．a(chǎn)ir B．timeC．light D．water【剖析】考查名詞辨析。句意：我怎樣才能讓時(shí)間過得更快呢？air“空氣”；time“時(shí)間”；light“光”；water“水”。根據(jù)“Ican’twaittoseethe…”可知，朵拉等不及，因此是想時(shí)間過得快點(diǎn)。故選B。B

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)3．A．yard B．treeC．baby D．a(chǎn)pple【剖析】考查名詞辨析。句意：我等不及要見到寶寶了。yard“院子”；tree“樹”；baby“寶寶”；apple“蘋果”。根據(jù)“Ican’twaittoseethe…”可知，朵拉是等不及看到小寶寶。故選C。C

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)4．A．job B．ideaC．life D．trip【剖析】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)她看到院子里的那棵蘋果樹時(shí)，她有了一個(gè)好主意。job“工作”；idea“主意”；life“生命”；trip“旅行”。根據(jù)“Shedecidedto…apictureofthetreeeachday.”可知，畫蘋果樹是朵拉想出的好主意。故選B。B

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)5．A．buy B．takeC．draw D．borrow【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：她決定每天畫一幅樹的畫。buy“買”；take“拿”；draw“畫畫”；borrow“借”。根據(jù)“Doradrewherlastpictureofthetree”可知，朵拉決定畫樹的畫。故選C。C

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)6．A．shared B．foundC．passed D．changed【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：樹葉慢慢改變了顏色，小蘋果出現(xiàn)在其中。shared“分享”；found“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；passed“通過”；changed“改變”。根據(jù)“Theleavesslowly…theircolor”和常識(shí)可知，天冷了，樹葉會(huì)改變顏色。故選D。D

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)7．A．Finally B．ReallyC．Usually D．Suddenly【剖析】考查副詞辨析。句意：最后，朵拉畫了最后一幅樹的畫。Finally“最后”；Really“真正地”；Usually“通常”；Suddenly“突然”。根據(jù)“Doradrewherlastpictureofthetree”可知，是指最后朵拉畫完最后一幅畫。故選A。A

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)8．A．waitingfor B．laughingatC．lookingafter D．learningfrom【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：她進(jìn)屋時(shí)，爸爸媽媽正坐在沙發(fā)上等她。waitingfor“等待”；laughingat“嘲笑”；lookingafter“照顧”；learningfrom“向……學(xué)習(xí)”。根據(jù)“Whensheenteredthehouse，MomandDadwere…h(huán)eronthesofa.”可知，爸媽坐沙發(fā)上是等著朵拉。故選A。A

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)9．A．hiding B．trainingC．walking D．holding【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們每個(gè)人懷里都抱著一個(gè)嬰兒。hiding“躲藏”；training“訓(xùn)練”；walking“散步”；holding“握著，抱著”。根據(jù)“ababyintheirarms”可知是抱著嬰兒。holdsb.inone’sarms“把某人抱在懷里”。故選D。D

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)10．A．funniest B．smallestC．luckiest D．prettiest【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：“哇，我是世界上最幸運(yùn)的姐姐！”朵拉高興地說。funniest“最滑稽的”；smallest“最小的”；luckiest“最幸運(yùn)的”；prettiest“最漂亮的”。根據(jù)“Dorasaidhappily”可知，朵拉很開心，是因?yàn)橛X得有弟弟妹妹是很幸運(yùn)的。故選C。C

【例2】2022年廣東省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試AlmosteverySaturdaymorning,Mollypullsatableintoherfrontyard.Onthetableshelaysoutsome__1__inseason,suchascarrotsandtomatoes.Theyareallfromhergardenandfreeforherneighborsto__2__.“It’sjustlovely,likeyouwalkbyandgetabeautifulgiftaroundthecorner，”saidaneighbor.Mollystarteddoingthisinthesummerof2020．Earlierthatyear,afirebrokeoutinherhouse.Molly’s__3__hadahardtime.“Peopleinthecommunitycameto__4__.Theybroughtusfoodandoftencalledtomakesureweweredoingfine.Iwasdeeply__5__，”Mollysaid.Thenthepandemic(疫情)came.Mollyandherfamilyhadmuchtimeto__6__intheirgarden.Theydecidedto__7__whattheygrewintheirgarden.Nooneknewaboutitatfirst.But__8__,peoplegotintothehabitofcomingaround.Theywouldstopbyandleavewithsomevegetables.Molly’syardbecamea__9__place.OnethingMollyhaslearnedfromthisexperienceisthatpeoplehavetoworktogetherwhendaysare__10__.Sheisgladthatlovehasspreadinthiscommunity.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述莫莉家生活很艱難時(shí)，社區(qū)的人們來幫助過他們。作為回報(bào)，疫情期間莫莉一家將種植的菜分享給他人，莫莉明白當(dāng)日子不好過的時(shí)候，人們必須互相扶持。(

)1．A．fruits B．flowersC．leaves D．vegetables【剖析】考查名詞辨析。句意：她在桌子上擺了一些應(yīng)季蔬菜，如胡蘿卜和西紅柿。fruits“水果”；flowers“花”；leaves“葉子”；vegetables“蔬菜”。根據(jù)“suchascarrotsandtomatoes”可知，是一些蔬菜，故選D。D

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)2．A．lookat B．takeawayC．giveup D．throwaway【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：它們都是從她的花園里摘的，鄰居可以免費(fèi)拿走。lookat“看”；takeaway“拿走”；giveup“放棄”；throwaway“扔掉”。根據(jù)“Theyareallfromhergardenandfreeforherneighborsto…”可知，可以讓鄰居免費(fèi)拿走，故選B。B

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)3．A．family B．classC．office D．team【剖析】考查名詞辨析。句意：莫莉一家人過得很艱難。family“家庭”；class“班級(jí)”；office“辦公室”；team“隊(duì)伍”。根據(jù)“Molly’s…h(huán)adahardtime.”可知，莫莉一家人過得很難，故選A。A

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)4．A．cry B．seeC．help D．rest【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：社區(qū)里的人來幫忙。cry“哭”；see“看見”；help“幫助”；rest“休息”。根據(jù)“Theybroughtusfoodandoftencalledtomakesureweweredoingfine.”可知，社區(qū)的人來幫忙，故選C。C

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)5．A．moved B．interestedC．tired D．bored【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我深受感動(dòng)。moved“感動(dòng)的”；interested“感興趣的”；tired“勞累的”；bored“無聊的”。社區(qū)的人來幫助，所以我很感動(dòng)，故選A。A

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)6．A．play B．workC．sleep D．dance【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：莫莉和她的家人有很多時(shí)間在花園里干活。play“玩”；work“工作”；sleep“睡覺”；dance“跳舞”。根據(jù)“Mollyandherfamilyhadmuchtimeto…intheirgarden.”可知，莫莉和家人花時(shí)間在花園里干活，故選B。B

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)7．A．eat B．sellC．share D．cook【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們決定分享他們?cè)诨▓@里種植的東西。eat“吃”；sell“賣”；share“分享”；cook“烹飪”。社區(qū)的人幫助莫莉一家，他們決定分享種植的東西作為回報(bào)，故選C。C

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)8．A．sadly B．slowlyC．badly D．carefully【剖析】考查副詞辨析。句意：但慢慢地，人們養(yǎng)成了過來逛逛的習(xí)慣。sadly“悲傷地”；slowly“緩慢地”；badly“嚴(yán)重地”；carefully“仔細(xì)地”。根據(jù)“Nooneknewaboutitatfirst.But…，peoplegotintothehabitofcomingaround.”可知，開始無人知曉，但是慢慢地，人們養(yǎng)成了過來逛逛的習(xí)慣，故選B。B

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)9．A．clean B．smallC．terrible D．popular【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：莫莉的院子成了一個(gè)受歡迎的地方。clean“干凈的”；small“小的”；terrible“糟糕的”；popular“流行的，受歡迎的”。根據(jù)“Theywouldstopbyandleavewithsomevegetables.”可知，人們會(huì)過來看看，然后帶著一些蔬菜離開，所以莫莉的院子變成一個(gè)受歡迎的地方，故選D。D

(

)10．A．difficult B．sunnyC．short D．cool【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：莫莉從這次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的是：當(dāng)日子不好過的時(shí)候，人們必須一起攜手共進(jìn)。difficult“困難的”；sunny“晴朗的”；short“短的”；cool“酷的”。根據(jù)“OnethingMollyhaslearnedfromthisexperienceisthatpeoplehavetoworktogetherwhendaysare…”和前文“hadahardtime”可知，日子不好過、很困難，故選A。A

【例3】2021年廣東省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試Manykidsarecrazyaboutspace.Lastmonth,aspaceagency(機(jī)構(gòu))toldthepublicthattheywere__1__aplanetprotectionofficer.Somepeoplelaughedatthefunnyjobtitle,buta9-year-oldboytooktheinformation__2__.Hewrotealettertotheagency,sayingthathewantedthejob.“Dearsirs,mynameisSamLee.IthinkIamthe__3__personforthejob，”hewrote.WhatareSam’s__4__?Forone,hewrote,“MysistersaysIactlikeanalien(外星人).”Samalsosaidhehadwatchedalmostallthe__5__movieshecouldfind.Hislastsentencemaytouchpeople’shearts:“Iamyoung,soIcanlearntothinklikeanalien.”Samsoongota__6__fromBillBlack,directoroftheagency.“Wehavereceivedyourletter.Itisgreatthatyouareinterestedinthejob.Thisjobisto__7__theearthfromgerms(細(xì)菌)onthingsbroughtbackfromotherplanets.”Billendedtheletterwithsomewarmwords,__8__Samtostudyhardanddowellinschool.“Wehopeto__9__youattheagencyoneday，”hewrote.“Amongkids,thereare__10__spacescientists，”Billtoldanewspaper.“Wethinkofthisletterasachancethatmayforeverchangeakid’slife.”【文章大意】本文主要講述了一個(gè)航天局(機(jī)構(gòu))向公眾招聘一個(gè)崗位，一名地球保護(hù)官員。有些人嘲笑這個(gè)有趣的工作頭銜，但一個(gè)9歲的男孩很認(rèn)真地對(duì)待這個(gè)信息。他還給該機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)真寫了一封信，表達(dá)了他想要這份工作的強(qiáng)烈愿望，并介紹了他自己符合該崗位的優(yōu)勢(shì)。(

)1．A．wakingup B．lookingforC．dealingwith D．talkingabout【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。A．wakingup“醒來”；B．lookingfor“尋找”；C．dealingwith“處理”；D．talkingabout“談?wù)摗?。句意：他們正在尋找一個(gè)星球保護(hù)官。B

(

)2．A．simply B．lightlyC．seriously D．clearly【剖析】考查副詞辨析。A．simply“簡(jiǎn)單地”；B．lightly“輕輕地”；C．seriously“嚴(yán)肅地”；D．clearly“清楚地”。句意：有一個(gè)9歲的男孩嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待這個(gè)信息。C

(

)3．A．right B．kindC．important D．favorite【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。A．right“合適的，正確的”；B．kind“友好的”；C．important“重要的”；D．favorite“最喜愛的”。句意：他感覺自己是最合適的人選。A

(

)4．A．dreams B．problemsC．discoveries D．a(chǎn)dvantages【剖析】考查名詞辨析。A．dreams“夢(mèng)想”；B．problems“問題”；C．discoveries“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D．a(chǎn)dvantages“優(yōu)勢(shì)”。由題意可知，應(yīng)是男孩自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)。D

(

)5．A．war B．roadC．space D．sports【剖析】考查名詞辨析。A．war“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”；B．road“路”；C．space“太空”；D．sports“運(yùn)動(dòng)”。由文章內(nèi)容可知，講的是關(guān)于太空。C

(

)6．A．job B．testC．reply D．ticket【剖析】考查名詞辨析。A．job“工作”；B．test“測(cè)試”；C．reply“回復(fù)”；D．ticket“票”。句意：他收到了這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的回復(fù)。C

(

)7．A．move B．protectC．pull D．collect【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A．move“運(yùn)動(dòng)”；B．protect“保護(hù)”；C．pull“拉”；D．collect“收集”。句意：這份工作是保護(hù)地球免受從其他星球上帶回來的東西上的細(xì)菌的侵襲。B

(

)8．A．warning B．helpingC．ordering D．encouraging【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A．warning“警告”；B．helping“幫助”；C．ordering“訂購”；D．encouraging“鼓勵(lì)”。由題意可知，該句為鼓勵(lì)的話。D

(

)9．A．see B．tellC．thank D．search【剖析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A．see“看見”；B．tell“告訴”；C．thank“感謝”；D．search“搜索”。句意：我們希望有一天能在航天機(jī)構(gòu)見到你。A

(

)10．A．past B．futureC．recent D．present【剖析】考查形容詞辨析。A．past“過去的”；B．future“未來的”；C．recent“最近的”；D．present“現(xiàn)在的”。句意：孩子們中存在著未來的科學(xué)家。B

訓(xùn)練題Ⅰ(一)(2023廣州改編)Almosteveryonehasadreamjob，andforSusan，itisbeingawhale(鯨)trainerathercity’saquarium(水族館).Lastyear，Susanfinallyhada(n)__1__，butitwasmorethanjustsigningup.Peoplewhowantedthisjobhadtotakepartinacompetition.Theyneedtoshowhow__2__theycouldgodownintotheseven-meter-deeppoolthathousedthewhalesandhowlongtheycouldstaythere.Theonewhocouldreachthedeepestandstaythelongestunderwaterwouldgetthejob.Susansigneduptotryout，andeverythingwent__3__atfirst.Butthen，asshewentdowntoaboutfivemetersundertheicywater，herlegsstopped__4__.Thecoldwatercausedahugepaininherlegs.Shewasunabletoswimbacktothesurface.Shewasingreat__5__andcouldn’tthink.Thisonlycausedhertodropfartherintothepool.JustasSusan__6__hope，shesuddenlyfeltherselfbeingpushedtothesurface.ItwasMila，awhaleinthepool.ShenoticedSusan’s__7__，heldherleginhermouthandpushedSusanuptothesurface.Susanwas__8__，thankstoMila’squickaction.TheaquariumspokespersonsaidSusanwasreally__9__，becauseMilahadrealizedSusanneededhelpbeforeanyoftheworkinggroupdid，whichsavedvaluabletime.“Whalesare__10__animals—theyliveandplaytogether.Inthewild，theyshowgreatinterestinhumansandoftenswimclosetoboatsanddivers.”【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了蘇珊參加水族館鯨魚訓(xùn)練員比賽時(shí)在水下遇到意外，幸運(yùn)的是她被一頭鯨魚救了的故事。(

)1．A．chance B．jobC．dream D．idea(

)2．A．soon B．farC．often D．hard(

)3．A．close B．deepC．late D．wellA

B

D

(

)4．A．trying B．hurtingC．working D．resting(

)5．A．fear B．hopeC．need D．surprise(

)6．A．gaveaway B．gaveinC．gaveout D．gaveupC

A

D

(

)7．A．look B．troubleC．move D．place(

)8．A．changed B．lostC．chosen D．saved(

)9．A．lucky B．braveC．a(chǎn)fraid D．sad(

)10．A．funny B．lonelyC．social D．strongB

D

A

C

(二)(2023樂山改編)Alongtimeago，agroupofpeoplelivedtogetheronanisland.TheywereLove，Vanity(虛榮)，Sadnessandsoon.Oneday，theislandwouldsink(沉沒).Allthepeople__1__theirboatsandstartedtoleave.Lovedidn’thaveaboat，soLovedecidedtoaskothersfor__2__.LovesawthatVanityhadabeautifulboat.“Vanity，couldyoupleasetakemewithyou？”Loveasked.“Ican’thelpyou，”Vanityanswered.“Youarewetalloverwithwater.Youwill__3__mybeautifulboat.”LovethenturnedtoSadnessandasked,“Sadness，please__4__megetonyourboat！”

“Sorry.IamtoosadandIneedtobe__5__，”Sadnessreplied.AndwhenLovesawHappinesspassby,Lovealsotriedtoaskherforhelp.Butshewasso__6__thatshedidn’tevenstoptolistentowhatLovewassaying.Suddenly，Loveheardanoldman’svoice__7__,“Comeon，Love，I’lltakeyouaway.”TheoldmanusedhisboattotakeLovetoa__8__place.Lovethankedhimandsaid,“MayIhaveyour__9__，please?Andwhywereyouwilling(樂意的)tohelpme？”

“MynameisTime，”theoldmanreplied.“IhelpedyoubecauseIunderstoodhow__10__youwere.Youmadetheworldfullofpeaceandpleasure.”【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了愛向虛榮和悲傷求助時(shí)被拒絕，最后是時(shí)間老人救了它的故事。這個(gè)故事告訴我們，我們需要時(shí)間去懂得愛的價(jià)值。(

)1．A．goton B．putonC．triedon D．turnedon(

)2．A．a(chǎn)dvice B．waterC．money D．help(

)3．A．clean B．fixC．mess D．hideA

D

C

(

)4．A．a(chǎn)sk B．letC．want D．call(

)5．A．a(chǎn)way B．a(chǎn)loneC．a(chǎn)broad D．a(chǎn)round(

)6．A．happy B．sadC．a(chǎn)ngry D．nervousB

B

A

(

)7．A．talking B．speakingC．saying D．a(chǎn)nswering(

)8．A．dangerous B．poorC．quiet D．safe(

)9．A．number B．nameC．a(chǎn)ddress D．card(

)10．A．valuable B．expensiveC．successful D．interestedC

D

B

A

(三)(2023山西改編)Joegotabarofchocolatefromhisfatherforhiscleaningworkathome.Whenhewas__1__toeatit，hiselderbrotherJackreturnedhomefromschool.He__2__thechocolatefromJoeandputitinhismouthandranaway.Joerushedtohisroom__3__andlockedtheroomfromtheinsideandfellonhisbed，withtearsonhisface，worryingabouthislostchocolate.Learningaboutit，hisfathercarriedalargerbarofchocolatetoJoe’s__4__.HeknockedatthedoorandaskedJoetoopenit.Heeven__5__thathehadalargerbarofchocolateforhim.ButJoe__6__tolistentohisfather.Helayonthebed，payingno__7__tohisfather’sknockandtalk.Hecontinuedtocry，thinkingabouthissmallloss.His__8__stoppedhimfromgettingamuchgreaterjoy.Wemay__9__alotoftime，energyandchancesworryingaboutthesmalllossesthathavehappenedinourlives，andblaming(責(zé)怪)thepersonswhowethinkareresponsibleforourlosses.Bydoingthis，weareactuallyrefusingtoreceive__10__giftsfromlife.It’sreallyfoolishaction.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過一個(gè)哥哥和弟弟的故事告訴我們，我們通常會(huì)浪費(fèi)很多時(shí)間、精力和機(jī)會(huì)去擔(dān)心生活中已經(jīng)發(fā)生的小損失，卻拒絕接受來自生活更好的饋贈(zèng)，這種做法是愚蠢的。(

)1．A．happy B．readyC．nervous D．free(

)2．A．a(chǎn)teup B．tookawayC．gaveout D．carriedout(

)3．A．carefully B．bravelyC．a(chǎn)ngrily D．excitedlyB

B

C

(

)4．A．room B．schoolC．yard D．bag(

)5．A．a(chǎn)sked B．spokeC．replied D．told(

)6．A．refused B．neededC．tried D．wantedA

D

A

(

)7．A．time B．moneyC．interest D．a(chǎn)ttention(

)8．A．hope B．secretC．worry D．confidence(

)9．A．imagine B．wasteC．notice D．have(

)10．A．greater B．cheaperC．smaller D．richerD

C

B

A

(四)(2023濱州改編)WhenIfirstarrivedinChina，IknewlittleChinese.AndsomeoftheChinesewordsI__1__hadsomethingtodowithfood.Ilearnedthenamesofafewdishes，butstilldidn’tknowmostofthethingsIsawonChineserestaurantmenus.Luckily，therewere__2__tohelpme.NearlyeveryrestaurantmenuinChina__3__picturesoffoodinit.ButmanyrestaurantsI’vebeentointheUSAdon’t.Whatisthe__4__forthedifference?OnethingI’vedefinitely(明確地)__5__aboutChinaisthatfoodisabiggerpartoftheirculturethanitisintheUSA．Acommonwayto__6__someoneinChinaistoaskthemifthey’veeatenyet.Foodisjustabiggerdealhere—andhavingpicturesoffoodinmenusispartofthat.Somemenusarealmostlikeworksofart，withbeautifulphotos.Anotherthingisthe__7__ofthedishes.Chinesedishessometimeshavefanciful(別出心裁的)nameslike“palaceguardchicken”or“threefreshthingsfromthesoil”.Theseare__8__names，buttheydon’treallytellyouwhatthedishesarelike.Therefore，it’s__9__tohavepicturessoyoucanactuallyseewhatyouaregoingtoeat.Thereare__10__evenmorereasons.AllIknowisthatIwasverythankfultohavethosepicturemenuswhenIfirstcametoChinayearsago.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過菜單反映出中美飲食文化的差異。(

)1．A．learnedabout B．cameupC．keptaway D．clearedout(

)2．A．videos B．coversC．pictures D．materials(

)3．A．sells B．wantsC．needs D．hasA

C

D

(

)4．A．result B．reasonC．choice D．list(

)5．A．noticed B．thoughtC．reflected D．imagined(

)6．A．introduce B．rememberC．respect D．greetB

A

D

(

)7．A．plates B．colorsC．pages D．names(

)8．A．interesting B．freeC．old D．careful(

)9．A．harmful B．helpfulC．colorful D．a(chǎn)wful(

)10．A．nearly B．simplyC．probably D．hardlyD

A

B

C

(五)(2023濰坊改編)Whenyouturnonthetapinyourhouse，watercomesout.Thiswaterhas__1__alongway.Thiswatercomesfromraininthesky.The__2__thatwaterarrivestothetapinyourhouseiscalledthe“watersupply”．Mostofthewaterontheearthisinthe__3__.Thiswaterhasalotofsaltinit.Wecannotdrinkthiswater.Saltwatermakesusill.Butwhenthesunshines，it__4__apartoftheocean.Thiswaterrisesuptomakecloudsinthesky.Themorewaterrisesup，theheavierandlargerthecloudsbecome.Thecloudswillgetsoheavyandlargethattheywill__5__colorfromwhitetogrey.Thewaterwill__6__downintoriversandlakesasrainandtravelbacktothesea.Thisiscalledthe“watercycle”.Weusehalfoftherainwaterthatfallsovertheearth.Thereare__7__oftheworldwherethereislittlefreshwater.IntheArabcountries，saltwatercanbemade__8__todrink.Thisisdonebyfreezingor__9__it.Thesaltisleftbehindandthecleanwateristhentakenoff.Thisprocessis__10__expensive，butinsomeareasthisistheonlywaytogetcleandrinkingwater.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了供水和水循環(huán)的過程以及在一些地區(qū)飲用水短缺的情況。(

)1．A．pulled B．walkedC．rushed D．travelled(

)2．A．way B．pathC．method D．condition(

)3．A．stream B．oceanC．river D．lakeD

A

B

(

)4．A．takesin B．givesoffC．heatsup D．coolsdown(

)5．A．use B．changeC．make D．find(

)6．A．settle B．passC．fall D．breakC

B

C

(

)7．A．things B．partsC．steps D．ways(

)8．A．free B．hotC．cool D．safe(

)9．A．finding B．risingC．boiling D．losing(

)10．A．very B．hardlyC．even D．widelyB

D

C

A

(六)(2023重慶A卷改編)SieneisafirefighterintheUSA．Itisn’teasytobecomeafirefighterthere.Manypeopletry，butalotofthem__1__.Also，inthepastfirefightingwasalwaysajobformen.Nowtherearewomenfirefighters.WhenSienewasfiveyearsold，itwasherdreamtobecomeafirefighter.Fortyyearslater，shewasthe__2__womantopassasix-weekcourseattheWFPA(女子消防預(yù)備學(xué)院).TheWFPA__3__womenintheskillstheyneedtobefirefighters.Infact，Sienenowtrainsfirefightersthereherself.Startingthecoursedoesn’tmeanyou’llbecomeafirefighter.Thecourseisvery__4__，sonoteveryonefinishesthetraining.Theyaretrainedlikebeinginthearmy—Canyouholdaheavypieceofwoodforfourminutes?Howmany__5__canyoudo?Canyoulifta12-meterladder(梯子)?Youalsoneedother__6__.Canyouleadateam?Areyouaskillfuldriver?Canyouusetechnology?Therearesomanymorethatareapartoffirefightingthesedays.Ofcourse，noonecandothemall，butmoreskills__7__help.However，youmustwaitfora__8__toworkasafirefighterevenafterpassingyourcourse.Itseemsthatlotsofwomenaren’t__9__todothat.Inoneyear，50womengottrained，butonlythreeofthemarenowfirefighters.Learningtheskillsisnotenoughtobecomeafirefighter.LikeSiene，youalsoneedto__10__yourdream.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過先尼的故事告訴我們僅僅學(xué)習(xí)技能是不夠的，也需要堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想。(

)1．A．succeed B．passC．fail D．fight(

)2．A．oldest B．tallestC．kindest D．busiest(

)3．A．makes B．trainsC．pulls D．pushesC

A

B

(

)4．A．different B．easyC．important D．difficult(

)5．A．ways B．ordersC．cases D．exercises(

)6．A．ideas B．methodsC．skills D．rulesD

D

C

(

)7．A．recently B．certainlyC．hardly D．nearly(

)8．A．chance B．decisionC．while D．call(

)9．A．ready B．excitedC．worried D．happy(

)10．A．giveup B．sticktoC．talkabout D．believeinB

A

A

B

(七)Thousandsofyearsago,humansdidn’tliveintowns.Sometimestheywouldliveincavesorbuildcampsintheforest.Onlyaboutthirtypeople__1__ineachcamp.Themenwouldgohuntingwhilethewomenandchildren__2__foodfromthetreesaroundthecamp.Allthefoodwas__3__amongeveryoneinthegroup.Everyfewweekstheymovedtoanotherplacetofindmorefood.Itwasasimplelife,butpeoplehadtobe__4__.Theyhadtomakeeverythingthattheyneeded,andtheyhadtoknowalotaboutplantsandanimals.Nowmostpeopleliveintownsand__5__,andtheyworkinofficesandfactories.Lifeis__6__thanintheolddays.Therearefewer__7__,butthereislessexcitement(刺激).Somepeoplego__8__excitement—sailingaroundtheworld,climbingmountains,orexploringcaves.Mostpeoplelookforwardtothe__9__,atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife.Forsome,thismeansgoingcamping.Butcampingtodayisfarfromcampinginthepast.Gascookers,ready-madefoodandair-bedsmeanpeoplecancampmuchmore__10__thantheydidintheoldtimes.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了數(shù)千年前，

人類為了生存住在洞穴里或在樹林里宿營(yíng)?，F(xiàn)在人們大多數(shù)住在城鎮(zhèn)里，

生活變簡(jiǎn)單平淡了，

因此為了尋求刺激而去探險(xiǎn)和登山，

去體驗(yàn)不一樣的生活。(

)1．A．lived B．talkedC．came D．danced【解析】根據(jù)第一段可知，

古人住洞穴或露宿山林。每個(gè)營(yíng)地只能住大約三十個(gè)人。live“居住”。故選A。A

(

)2．A．planted B．collectedC．watched D．bought【解析】男人打獵，

女人和孩子在營(yíng)地周邊收集食物。planted種植；collected收集；watched看；bought買。故選B。B

(

)3．A．found B．usedC．shared D．sold【解析】所有的食物被組里的每個(gè)人分享。found發(fā)現(xiàn)；used使用；shared分享；sold賣出。故選C。C

(

)4．A．polite B．kindC．careful D．Clever【解析】這是一種很簡(jiǎn)單的生活，

但是人們不得不聰明點(diǎn)，

他們需要做出他們需要的東西，

他們需要對(duì)植物和動(dòng)物知道很多。polite禮貌的；kind善良的；careful仔細(xì)的；clever聰明的。故選D。D

(

)5．A．countries B．citiesC．hills D．Parks【解析】現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都生活在城鎮(zhèn)和都市，他們?cè)谵k公室或工廠里上班。countries國(guó)家；cities城市；hills小山；parks公園。故選B。B

(

)6．A．worse B．fasterC．easier D．Harder【解析】生活和過去相比更容易。worse更糟糕；faster更快；easier更容易；harder更難。故選C。C

(

)7．A．dangers B．peopleC．food D．Jobs【解析】危險(xiǎn)更少了，

但是刺激也少了。根據(jù)題意可知，此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?！癲anger危險(xiǎn)”符合語境。故選A。A

(

)8．A．waitingfor B．lookingforC．turningon D．puttingon【解析】一些人去尋求刺激。根據(jù)后文提到的航海、爬山、探察山洞等行為可知是尋找刺激。waitingfor等待；lookingfor尋找；turningon打開；puttingon穿上。故選B。B

(

)9．A．dreams B．giftsC．meals D．holidays【解析】根據(jù)后面的“atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife”可知，這里說的是假日。dreams夢(mèng)想；gifts禮物；meals餐，

飯；holidays假日。故選D。D

(

)10．A．slowly B．comfortablyC．terribly D．hopefully【解析】根據(jù)前面的“Gascookers,ready-madefoodandair-beds”可知，這些東西比過去讓人們更舒適。slowly緩慢地；comfortably舒適地；terribly可怕地；hopefully有希望地。故選B。B

(八)RobertBurns,thegreatScottishpoet,lovedcommonpeopleandwroteforthem.Thoughhehad__1__receivedformaleducation,hewaswell-readandtalented.Hewasknownasaveryhumorousman.OnedaywhenBurnswaswalkingnearthedocks(碼頭),heheardacryfor__2__.Atthatmoment,hesawayoungsailorjumpoffaboat.Thesailorbegantoswimtowardsthemanwhowas__3__help.Itwa