2024北京大峪中學(xué)高二(下)開學(xué)考英語(教師版)

2024北京大峪中學(xué)高二（下）開學(xué)考英語(滿分：150分時間：120分鐘)考生須知1.本試卷共12頁，滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。2.在試卷和答題卡上準(zhǔn)確填寫學(xué)校和姓名，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其它試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。4.考試結(jié)束，將試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分)聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第1小題。現(xiàn)在，你有5秒鐘的時間閱讀該小題。1.Whyisn’ttheman’smobilephoneworking?A.Thebatteryislow.B.Hedidn’tpaythebill.C.Therearenosignalsinthearea.聽下面一段對話，回答第2小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有5秒鐘的時間閱讀該小題。2.Whatkindofarticledidthewomanwrite?A.Biography.B.Poetry.C.Fiction.聽下面一段對話，回答第3小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有5秒鐘的時間閱讀該小題。3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Goingtothemovies.B.Goingtothezoo.C.Watchingcartoons.聽下面一段對話，回答第4小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有5秒鐘的時間閱讀該小題。4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftherequirement?A.Interesting.B.Exciting.C.Surprising.聽下面一段對話，回答第5小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有5秒鐘的時間閱讀該小題。5.Whydidn’tthewomanhavebreakfast?A.Sheisbusywithherpaper.B.Shegetsusedtoskippingit.C.Shedoesn’tthinkit’simportant.第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)聽下面4段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第7小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有10秒鐘的時間閱讀這兩道小題。6.WhatisHaroldtryingtodointhebook?A.Crossthestreet.B.Gointospace.C.Catchabus.7.Whatdoesthemanlikethemostaboutthebook?A.Themaincharacter.B.Thetheme.C.Theauthor.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第9小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有10秒鐘的時間閱讀這兩道小題。8.Whydidn’tthemanbuyanymilktoday?A.Heforgottobuyit.B.Thestoreranoutofmilk.C.Hereadsomenegativewordsaboutmilk.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheseldomdrinksmilk.B.Heropinionsalwayschange.C.Shedoesn’ttrustthoseexperts.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三道小題。10.What’stheman’splanbeforegoingtocollege?A.Toreadbooksaboutmedicine.B.Togotoworkandearnsomemoney.C.Totravelaroundthecountry.11.Whendidthewomanfeelshebecameindependent?A.Aftershestartedherfirstjob.B.Aftershemovedawayfromhome.C.Aftershesufferedfromadisease.12.Wheredoesthemanwanttoworkinthefuture?A.Inaschool.B.Inahospital.C.Atafirestation.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第13至第15小題?，F(xiàn)在，你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三道小題。13.WhydoesEmmatakepartintheproject?A.Togainworkexperience.B.Tohelpoldlonelypeople.C.Tolookafterhergrandmother.14.Whatdoesthespeakerliketodowitholdpeople?A.Playgames.B.Readbooks.C.Arrangeflowers.15.WhatimpressedthespeakermostaboutMitzi?A.Herorgandonationagreement.B.Herdecisiontoreturntowork.C.Hercontributiontotechnology.第三節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分)聽下面一段獨(dú)白，完成第16至第20小題，每空只需填寫一個詞，聽獨(dú)白前，你有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你有90秒鐘的作答時間，本段獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍?，F(xiàn)在，你有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題。第二部分知識運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，44分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。IwasinmyhomeofficeonacoldSundaywhenIheardaquickknockonthedoor.I___1___downstairs,threwopenthedoorandsawmydad___2___somethingwrappedupinpaperinhisarms.Strangely,hehadgivennohint(暗示)ofitwhenwespokeonthephonelastnight.“Openit.”hesaid.Iopenedittofindayellowbegonia(秋海棠).ItoccurredtomethatitwasMother’sDay.“But···butI’mnotamother.”Isaid,___3___.Mydadsmiled,“Well,somespecialpeoplearen’tmothers.butIthinkthey___4___togetflowers,too.”Withthat,hehuggedmeanddroveoff.Later,Icalledtothankhimandwegottotalkingalot.That’swhenheletmeinonhislittle___5___.Hehaddecidedthathewouldchallengehimselftodooneactof___6___perday.Ithadstartedseveralweeksbeforewhenheaccidentallyknewafriendofhiswashavingaroughday.Heknewshelovedicecream,sohedrovestraighttoherhousewithahugetuboficecream.“Shelaughed___7___whenshesawit,”hesaid,“ItreallydelightedmetoknowthatIhad___8___herday.”Whenaskedwhy,headded,“Ialreadyknowabouttheimportanceofbeing___9___inthemoment.So,ItrytobetherewitheachpersonIamspendingtimewith.Iwantthemtofeelimportantandbelieveinthegoodnessinpeopleinthatmoment.”Irealizedmydadwasmakingadifferenceinpeople’slives.___10___,Ialsowanttobemorelikemydad,whogoesoutofhiswaytomakepeoplefeellovedandcaredfor.1.A.fell B.waited C.raced D.looked2.A.shaking B.pulling C.holding D.collecting3.A.annoyed B.confused C.worried D.disappointed4.A.deserve B.decide C.promise D.pretend5.A.celebration B.joke C.secret D.excuse6.A.faith B.courage C.appreciation D.kindness7.A.coldly B.excitedly C.proudly D.nervously8.A.kept B.spent C.predicted D.brightened9.A.present B.healthy C.patient D.humorous10.A.Depressed B.Inspired C.Terrified D.Astonished第二節(jié)選詞填空(共7小題；每小題2分，共14分)閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組，并用其正確形式填空。haveanimpactonboildowntoleaveoutsignificantboostforinstancebeknownas11.AnneSullivanwasasuperbteacherwho________________HellenKeller.12.Susan’ssuccessinbusiness________________herdeterminationandbravery.13.They’rebuildingnewhotelsinorderto________________tourisminthisarea.14.Johnexplainedthecasetohisboss,beingcarefulnotto________________anyimportantdetails.15.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreat________________topeoplesufferingfromheartdisease.16.Wemademanyimprovementstoourhouse.________________,wepaintedthewallsandboughtasofa.17.Inthethirdmassextinction,which________________the“GreatDying”now,morethan90%ofallspeciesdiedout.第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。18.Whatanicedaytoday!Doyoufeellike________(go)forapicnic?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)19.Sam________(write)thenovelforthreeyearsanditwaspublishedlastweek.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)20.Don’tphonemebetween10:00and11:30tomorrowmorning.I________ameetingthen.(have)(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)21.We________(wait)forhimforoveranhourwhenhefinallyturnedupatthemeeting.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)22.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts________(develop)aftertirelessefforts.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)23.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleagues________(amuse)withherstories.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)24.________worriedmethatmymother’seyesightwasdeclining.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)25.Aftertheheavyrain,thegroundgotsowet,________causedalotofroadaccidents.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)26.Shebroughtherthreefriendstotheparty,noneof________Ihadevermetbefore.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)27.Weneedtotakestepstosaveendangeredspecies,includingsettingupspecialzones________plantsandanimalscanbeprotected.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)第三部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，44分)第一節(jié)(共17小題；每小題2分，共34分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhetheryourdreamistowriteabest-sellingnovel,designanaward-winningadvertisement,orsimplydescribestoriesfromyourownlife,thecourse“CreativeStorytellingandCreativeWriting”inEuropeanWinterSchoolwillbeidealforyou.IttakesplaceoncampusinPrague,capitaloftheCzechRepublic,fromJanuary29toFebruary9,2024.Whocanapply?Thecourseisavailableforbothstudentsandyoungprofessionalsworldwide.Requirements:·Aminimumageof18(averageageis23).·MediumlevelofEnglish(Basic1/Basic2)required·Apersonallaptop/tabletisneededforthemajorityoflessons.Whatskillscanyouget?Whilethiscoursefocusesontheimportanceofastory,wewillmainlypayattentiontothewriter(his/herimagination,vocabulary,narrativestyles,criticalthinking,andexperience)—YOU.·Youwillmastertheartofstorytelling(“ShowDon’tTell”techniques).·Youwillthinkimaginativelyandcreativelywithanoutside-the-boxattitude.·Youwillwritefortheaudiencewithanabilitytomakethemseeyourpointofview.·Youwillsellyouridea,conceptorproductthroughavarietyofnarrativetoolsandmethods,suchaspresentation,advertisement,blog,CV,essayandpublicspeech.·YouwillimproveyourEnglishvocabulary,compositionandwritingstyle.Whatistheprice?Weworkonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.Thecostofthetwo-weekcourseis€950,withanEarlyBirdfeeof€850.YoucanonlyusetheEarlyBirddiscountuntilJanuary22,2024.Thefeeincludes:·Courseandstudymaterials·Applicationfee·Weeklyactivities(exceptforentrancefeesandweekendtrips)Pleasenote:FromJanuary26,2024therewillbea€50chargedasalateapplicationfeeforallapplicationsreceivedafterthisdeadline.Otherexpenses,suchasmeals,accommodation,andinsurancearenotincludedintheprice.Clickhereformoreinformation.28.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsshould________.A.knowsomebasicEnglish B.begoodatcomputersC.comefromEuropeancountries D.beagedbetween18and2329.Afterattendingthecourse,applicantswillbeableto________.A.designnarrativetools B.improvewritingskillsC.developcomputerskills D.apply“TellDon’tShow”methods30.IfyouapplyforthecourseonJanuary28,2024,howmuchshouldyoupay?A.€850. B.€900. C.€950. D.€1,000.BMyDayofNoPlasticSinceitsinvention,plastichasaffectedeveryaspectofourlives.Ithasmadepossiblethousandsofconveniences,butithascomewithdownsides,especiallyfortheenvironment.Ina24-hourexperiment,Itriedtolivewithoutittoseewhatplasticstuffwecan’tdowithoutandwhatwemaybeabletogiveup.Atthestartofmyno-plasticday,Imademywaytowardthebathroom,onlytostopmyselfbeforeIwentin.“Couldyouopenthedoorforme?”Iaskedmywife.“Thehandleisplastic.”Sheopeneditforme,lettingouta“thisisgoingtobealongday”sigh(嘆氣).Mymorningroutinewasaheadache.Icouldn’tusemytoothpaste,toothbrush,shampooorsoap,allofwhichweremadeofplasticorputinplasticcontainers.Gettingdressedwasalsoachallenge,giventhatsomanyclothingitemsincludeplastic.WhenIwentout,Ibroughtalongtwoglasscontainersandclothbagsofvarioussizes.Iwalkedtoasandwichshop.“Canyoumakethesaladinthisglasscontainer?”Iasked.ThemanagersaidOKbutthenrejectedmyrequesttousemysteelspoon.Afterlunch,ItookthesubwaytoCentralPark,whichscoredmemoreviolations(違規(guī)),sinceIneedaMetroCardandthetrainsthemselveshaveplasticparts.ButatleastIdidn’tsitinoneofthoseplasticseats.Backhome,Irecordedsomeofmyimpressions.Bymycount,onmydayofnoplastic,Ihadmade164violations.Ifeltdefeated.Andalsouncertain.ThenextdayIcalledGabbySalazar,ascientistwhostudieswhatmotivatespeopletosupportenvironmentalcauses,andaskedherforadvice.“Youcandriveyourselfcrazy,”shesaid,“butit’snotaboutperfection.It’saboutprogress.”Believeitornot,individualbehaviormatters.Itaddsup.“Remember,”shecontinued,“it’snotaboutplasticbeingtheenemy.It’saboutsingle-useastheenemy.”Ipromisedtotry,evenaftermynotsuccessfulattempt.I’llstartwithsmallthings,buildinguphabits.Icantakeclothbagstothegrocery.Imightstartpackingmyglasswaterbottleandsteelspoon.Andfromthere,whoknows?31.Theauthorconductedthe24-hourexperimentbecause________.A.hewastiredofusingplasticstuffinhisdailylifeB.hetriedtocalluponpeopletobanplasticproductsC.hewonderedhowmuchplasticheconsumedeachdayD.hewantedtofigureouthowtouseplasticstuffwisely32.Whydidtheauthor’swifesigh?A.Becauseshedidn’tknowhisintention.B.Becausesheworriedaboutherhusband.C.Becauseshethoughtithardtoavoidusingplastic.D.Becauseshedidn’trealizethedownsidesofplastic.C“Findyourpassion!”isanappealwell-intendedandmeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideadoesn’tsquarewithwhatsciencetellsus.Instead,passionsaredeveloped.Theyoftenbeginwithaspark(火花)ofcuriositycausedbysomethinginone’senvironment,suchasafascinatingphysicslecture.Throughaprocessinvolvingrepeatedengagementand-positiveexperiences,peoplecancometopersonallyvaluethatcontentoractivityandinternalizeit.Whatwasatfirstinterestingbecomesaninterest.Ifthesequalitiescontinuetointensify,apassioncanemerge.Actually,assumingpassionasinborntendtocausepeopletobelessopen,lesscourageousinthefaceofchallengesandlesscreativeinpursuitofnewinterests.Thus,encouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareunchangeable.Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.Bycontrast,somepeople,whomwerefertoashavingagrowthmindsetofinterest,viewtheirinterestsandpassionsasdeveloped.Peoplewithafixedmindsetofinterest,forexample,mayfallintothetrapofthinking,“IfIhavealreadyfoundmypassion,whykeepexploring?”Inrecentstudies,afterengaginginanewsciencetask,artsstudentswithafixedmindsetexpressedlessinterestinascientifictopicthanartsstudentswithagrowthmindset.Meanwhile,sciencestudentswithafixedmindsetrespondedsimilarlytoanart-relatedtask.Forthosewithagrowthmindset,havingastrongpre-existinginterestintheartsorsciencesdidnotgetinthewayofthemviewinganewareaasinteresting.Worsestill,peoplewithafixedmindsetofinteresttendtoexpecttheirpassionstoprovidelimitlessmotivation,suchthattheirfavoritetopicsshouldneverfeeltoodifficultordemanding.Suchamindsetcanalsolimitcreativityandinnovation.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarerestrictedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdifferentfields.Thatlossisespeciallyunfortunateconsideringhowleadersatinnovativecompanieshavelongprizedproblem-solvingthatdrawideasfromdiversedisciplines.Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Theoldsaying“findsomethingyoulovetodo,andyou’llneverhavetoworkadayinyourlife”needstobeupdated.33.TheauthorusesthesentenceunderlinedinParagraph1to________.A.setatargetforcriticism B.pointoutthefactC.confirmpeople’sfinding D.voicehisopinion34.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Anyinterestingactivitycansparkapassion.B.Companiespreferthosewhospecializeinonefield.C.Peoplewithafixedmindsetofinterestarehardtobemotivated.D.Agrowthmindsetofinterestpromotescreativityandinnovation.35.Whichwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Oneshouldcountonlucktoexciteaburningpassion.B.Reinforcedpositiveexperiencescontributetopassion.C.Thosealreadyinterestedinafieldfindnewareasboring.D.We’dbettercherishtheexistingpassionandlookformore.DIfthegreatdinosaurshadn’tgoneextinct,wouldtheyhavedominatedEarthtoday?Therehasbeenadebateaboutthispossibilityfordecades.Recentlytwoanalyseshaveputthesurprisingcognitive(認(rèn)知)abilitiesofdinosaurs—andtheirpotentiallimitations—inanewlight.Inonestudy,SuzanaHerculano-HouzelatVanderbiltUniversitycalculatedthelikelynumberofneurons(神經(jīng)細(xì)胞)indinosaurs’pallium,abrainstructurethatisresponsibleforadvancedcognitivefunctions.Researchsuggeststhatitisthenumberofneuronsintheseareas,ratherthanthebrainsize,thatindicatesananimal’scognitivepotential.Forexample,despitehavingaverysmallhead,birdshavemoredenselypackedbraincellsthanmanymammals(哺乳動物)andsocanpossessroughlyasmanyneuronsasmonkeys.Theresultisthatsomebirdsshowgreatcognitiveabilities,comparabletothesmartestnon-humanmammals.Anditispreciselybirds,beingtheonlysurvivinglineage(宗系)ofdinosaurs,thatareHerculano-Houzel’sfoundation.Bycomparingtherelationshipbetweenbrainsize,numberofneuronsandbodysizeinnumerousexistingbirdsandavailablefossilsofdinosaurs,Herculano-HouzelconcludesthatalargedinosaursuchasT.rexcouldhavehousedtwobilliontothreebillionneuronsinitspallium.Ifso,dinosaurscouldhavehadthecapacityfortooluseandplanningforthefuture.Butneurons’numbermaynotbeenough.Forintelligence,brainarchitecturealsomatters.Andthiscouldbetheweaknessofdinosaurs,arguesAntonReinerfromtheUniversityofTennessee.Over350millionyearsofseparateevolution,mammalsanddinosaursfoundtworatherdifferentwaystoorganizecognitivefunctions.Themammalianneuronsareorganizedinarelativelythinlayerformedbycompactcolumns.Ineachcolumn,differentpartscancommunicatewithoneanotherovershortdistances.Incontrast,inthedinosaursthatsurvivetoday,namelybirds,theorganizationislesscompact.AccordingtoReiner,expandingbraincapabilitiesbeyondacertainpointcouldmakethestructurefarmorecomplexandlessefficientthanitisinhumans.Ifthiswerethecase,anincreaseinbrainsizewouldcorrespondtoagreaterdistancebetweendifferentpartsofthebrain,slowingdowntheircommunication.Theissueremainsopentodebate.Herculano-HouzelandReinereachpublishedapaperwithrejectionstotheother’sargument.Meanwhile,otherscientistshaveenteredthefight.Forexample,neurobiologistGiorgioVallortigaraassumesthatspeedintransmittinginformationbetweennetworksofneuronsisprobablyoneofdinosaurs’strengths.Whateverthetruthis,understandinghowandifbrainarchitectureimposeslimitsonthedevelopmentofcognitioncouldrevealmuchabouttheevolutionofabilitiesandbehaviorsofvariousanimals.Also,thisdebatemaytellusmoreaboutourownspeciesthanaboutdinosaurs.36.WhydoHerculano-HouzelandReinerstudybirds?A.Becausebirdsaremoreintelligentthandinosaurs.B.Becausebirds’brainstructuresarethesameasdinosaurs’.C.Becausebirdsaretheonlysurvivorsofthedinosaurfamily.D.Becausebirdshavethesamecognitiveabilitiesasdinosaurs.37.Whatdoestheword“compact”underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Tight. B.Light. C.Large. D.Wide.38.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dinosaurs’abilityfortooluseowestobiggerbrains.B.Thenumberofneuronshaslittletodowithbrainarchitecture.C.Greaterinter-braindistancecauseshighercognitiveefficiency.D.Thefactorsbehinddinosaurintelligenceremaintobeidentified.39.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AreDinosaursComparabletoHumansinIntelligence?B.AreDinosaurswithBiggerBrainstheUltimateGeniuses?C.HowSmartWereDinosaurs?NewStudiesFueltheDebateD.CanDinosaursOutsmartBirds?ResearchesCastaNewLightEAshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigitalTransformationandEducation4.0,theyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheircurricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanservetheuniversityofthefuture.ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfromreal-timedataandusesmachinelearning,simulation(模擬),andreasoningtohelpdecision-making.Inotherwords,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlycomplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactreplicaofaphysicalthing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdataisusedtocreateamapontothevirtualmodel,thuscreatingaDigitalTwinofacampus.WhenschooladministratorslookattheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcampusisdoing.TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefitfromusingthetechnologyaswell.Forexample,hybridclassroomshavebecomemoreandmorecommonnowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransitionintotheuniversityofthefuture.DigitalTwintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,helpsfacultycreatesimulationmodelsbasedoncourserequirements.DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelearningexperiencepossible.ByusingaDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighlyengagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,complex,orexpensivefortheclassroom.Ratherthanhands-onlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolearnanimalscienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansinthehealthsciencelah,medicalstudentscanusethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstudy.Thecomplexityofchemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.ByusingDigitalTwinsinaVirtualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanachieveamaximumlevelofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewayandmuchfaster.Byrunningsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentconditions,understandfailureanddevelopanunderstandingofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthesystemparameters(參數(shù))andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults.Someuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,haveincorporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteachingcurricula,applyingittodisciplineslikearchitectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thisenhancesstudentmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreover,theindustryencouragesuniversitiestoincorporateeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationtogivestudentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandskillstheywillneedintheirfuture.40.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins________.A.remainaconcept B.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjectsC.representfutureeducation D.canoperatecampusesremotely41.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Education4.0facilitatesthedevelopmentofDigitalTwins.B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers.C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducationisonthehorizon.D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustry4.0.42.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(注意：A，B，C，D選項正常涂卡。E涂ABF涂ACG涂AD)FormanyAmericanhighschoolseniorsandtheirfamilies,May1is“NationalCollegeDecisionDay,”whenstudentsmakeadecisionabouttheiracademicfuture.___43___Accordingtoarecentsurvey,morethanhalfofAmericansdon’teventhinkcollegeisworththecost.Thisisupsetting,ascompletingcollegeisasimportantasever.___44___Evenintoday’scompetitivelabormarket,collegegraduatesfindworkmucheasierandtendtocommandsignificantlyhigherincomes.Theunemploymentrateforthosewithabachelor’sdegreeorgreateriscurrentlyhalfthatofthosewithahighschooldegree.ThiscollegeincomeadvantageisduetotechnologicaladvanceslikethepersonalcomputerandtheInternet,whichhavecausedahugedemandforskilledworkers.Therapidadvancestodayinautomationandartificialintelligencewillfurtherincreasetheneedforahighlyskilledworkforce.___45___Itisunderstandablewhymanystudentsandfamiliessuspectthatcollegeisnolonger“worthit.”Collegetuitionhasbeenrisingforyears,andmanystudentsfearbeingburdenedwithloansaftergraduation.Butinfact,thenetpriceofafour-yearcollege,whichiswhatstudentspayafterfinancialaid,hasbeenfallingsince2018andisnowlowerthanitwasin2006.___46___Inotherwords,theinvestmentpaidoff.Tomakesmartdecisionsaboutwheretogoandwhattostudy,studentsandparentscanmakeuseofresourcesavailabletodaytomakeinformedchoices.___47___Withtheseresources,studentscangainareasonablepictureofwhattheirfutureholdsdowneachpotentialpath.A.Toacquiretheseadvancedskills,collegeremainsthesurestpath.B.However,recentyearshaveseenasharpdropincollegeregistration.C.Theseattitudesarealsoreflectedintheactionsoftheyoungestgeneration.D.Highereducationmustmakecollegepricingcleartowould-becollege-goers.E.Hugedatashowsacollegedegreeactuallygivesgraduateseconomicadvantages.F.Furthermore,studentsindebtweremorelikelytofinishtheirdegreesandearnmorelater.G.Forexample,toolslikeCollegeScorecardoffergraduationratesandfutureearningsacrossschools.第四部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第70、71題各2分，第72題3分，第73題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Group-ChatCultureIsOutofControlForbetterorworse,wemightbeintheAgeoftheGroupChat.Inarecentsurvey,mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltstressedoutbygroupmessages,whichcanfeellikeapart-timejob.Connectioniswonderful.Grexts,shortforgrouptexts,havethefeatureofimitatingthecasualback-and-forthofadialogue,andtheresultcanbemoredynamicandfunthanatwo-personthread.Havingachatgoingalsomeansyouhaveaspacetoshareyourupdatesthroughouttheday,areminderthatyou’repartofsomething.Someresearcherscallthis“ambient(周圍的)virtualpresence”:Evenwhenyou’realone,you’renotalone.Oneresearchercomparesthisphenomenontoecholocation(回聲定位),theprocessthatsomeanimals,suchasbatsanddolphins,usetolocateobjects:Theyproduceacontinuoussoundandusetheresultingechotosensetheirsurroundings.Humansmightusetechnologiessuchasgroupchatsinasimilarway—asacall-and-response,takingininformationabouttheirsocialnetworksandlocatingthemselveswithinthosewebs.Buttakingintoomanysignalscanbeoverwhelming.ProfessorBayerarguedthatgroupchatscancreatea“waterfalltypeofeffect”,wheremessageskeepfloodinginandaddingup.Eventually,you’reunderwater.Anotherresearchersuggestedthatdifferentchatmembersallbringtheirownpersonalities,communicationstyles,andexpectationsforgroupnorms.Withoutastandardetiquette(禮儀),peoplehavevariedopinionsaboutwhatdegreeofresponsivenessisrequired—whichcancauserealtension.Grextanxietyishardtoresolvebecauseitisn’tjustaboutthegroup-chatorevenmobiletechnologyingeneral;it’saboutthetensionbetweenbeingourownpersonandbeingresponsibletoothers.Ultimately,mostofusdowantconnection,evenifitinvolvessomeduties.48.WhatisthefeatureofGrexts?________________________________49.Howmighthumansusegroupchatslikeecholocation?________________________________50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineit