【八下英語人教版】Unit10 課本知識重點(diǎn)和語法聚焦重點(diǎn)

人教版八年級下冊英語第10單元課本知識重點(diǎn)和語法聚焦重點(diǎn)Unit10Ihavehadthisbikeforthreeyears.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（三）1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法：表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)至今，還可能繼續(xù)下去，這種用法稱為“未完成用法”。表示未完成的結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+for+一段時(shí)間

Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我們認(rèn)識有二十年了?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+表示過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)

Hehasworkedheresince1999.自1999年以來，他就在這里工作。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+從句

Shehaslearnedabout5000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.自上大學(xué)以來她學(xué)了大約5000個單詞。2.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞

延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作，這種動作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響。如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延續(xù)性動詞常與for/howlong/since等引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間短語（時(shí)間狀語）或句子（狀語從句）連用。表示時(shí)間段的短語有:for+時(shí)間,for2years;since從句,sincehecamehere;since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)名詞,sincelastyear,since5daysago等。如:Ihavelivedherefor23years.我已經(jīng)在這里住了23年。非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞/瞬間動詞或短暫性動詞，表示不能延續(xù)的動作，這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如：die/borrow/begin/buy/join/reach/come/go/open/close/become/leave等?？捎糜诂F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),但由于動作是瞬時(shí)間完成的所以不能與for或since引出的時(shí)間狀語連用。非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語連用，如：twoyearsago;at5o'clock;Hedied5yearsago.

非延續(xù)性動詞在否定句中可以與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.

辨析：howlong/howsoon/howoften/howfarHowlong多久,多長(時(shí)間)。對時(shí)間段提問,如:for+時(shí)間段；since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

—HowlonghaveyouworkedinBeijing?—Forfiveyears.Howsoon多久以后。對“in+時(shí)間段提問,常用于一般將來時(shí)”,其答語常用“in+時(shí)間段”。如：

—HowsoonwillMr.Libeback?

—Inaweek.

Howoften多久一次,對頻率提問,其答語為:once(twice/…)+時(shí)間段,always,usually等。如：

—Howoftendoyouexercise?

—Onceaday.Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，對距離提問，其答語是表距離的內(nèi)容。如：—Howfarisitfromheretoyour

school?—Threekilometers.辨析：for/sincefor其后只能接表示“一段時(shí)間”的名詞性短語，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，表示動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間段長短。如：Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears.

Heusuallysleepsfortwelvehourseveryday.since其后接表示“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的短語或從句（過去時(shí)），也可以接“一段時(shí)間+ago”，常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)；還用于句型：“Itis+時(shí)間段+since+一般過去時(shí)的句子”,表示過去某個時(shí)間發(fā)生并持續(xù)到說話時(shí)的動作或狀態(tài)。如：ItistwoyearssinceIcametoChina.

Shehasworkedhereforfiveyears.=Shehasworkedheresincefiveyearsago.她在這兒工作5年了。

1.Amythinksit’shardtosellheroldthings.It’s+adj.(+forsb.)todosth.意為“（對某人來說）做某事是…的”，it是形式主語，真正主語是后面的動詞不定式。如：It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.

2.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey’restillinteresting.abit意為“一點(diǎn)兒,稍微”,修飾形容詞或副詞,==alittle;abitof+不可數(shù)名詞,alittle直接加不可數(shù)名詞。notabit=notatall意為“一點(diǎn)也不”

notalittle=very意為“非常”

如：Sheisnotabithappy.

Heisnotalittletired.=Heisverytired.3.Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.

（1）nowadays副詞，意為“現(xiàn)在；目前，現(xiàn)今”，相當(dāng)于thesedays.如：Theystillrememberthatoldsayingnowadays.

（2）search作動詞，意為“搜查”，其后可直接跟賓語。如：Theysearchedtheforest.他們搜查了森林。4.ManypeoplelikeZhongWeiregardwithgreatinteresthowtheirhometownshavechanged.regard做動詞，意為“將視為”。如：Howwilltheteachersregardus?老師們會怎樣看待我們？隨堂練:單項(xiàng)選擇1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey____what'shappenedtohim.

A.knew

B.haveknown

C.mustknow

D.willknow2.Hehas____beentoShanghai,hashe?

A.already

B.never

C.ever

D.still3.Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyears.

A.iswriting

B.waswriting

C.wrote

D.haswritten

4.--Ourcountry_____alotsofar.--Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.

A.haschanged;well

B.changed;good

C.haschanged;better

D.changed;better5.Lucy___already____inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studying

B.will;study

C.has;studied

D.are;studying6.We____Lindasinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.know

B.hadknown

C.haveknown

D.knew7.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_____ittwice.

A.willsee

B.have

seen

C.saw

D.see8.–ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.–Really?When_____there?

A.willtheygo

B.didtheygo

C.dotheygo

D.havetheygone9.—_____you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finished

B.Have;done;finished

C.Have;done;have

finished

D.will;do;finish10.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.

A.joined

B.hasjoined

C.wasin

D.hasbeenin11.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We____friendssincetenyearsago.

A.wereB.havebeen

C.havebecome

D.havemade12.—Howlonghaveyou___here?—Abouttwomonths.

A.been

B.gone

C.come

D.arrived13.Hurryup!Theplay_____fortenminutes.

A.hasbegun

B.hadbegun

C.hasbeenon

D.began14.It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.is

B.has

C.will

D.was15.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_____tothelibrary.A.hasgone

B.went

C.will

go

D.has

been16.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,_____?

A.sothey

B.don'tthey

C.havethey

D.haven'tthey17.____hasMr.WhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_____toChina?A.Howsoon,comes

B.Howoften,got

C.Howlong,came

D.Howfar,arrived18.Hisuncle___formorethan9years.

A.hascomehere

B.hasstartedtowork

C.haslivedthere

D.haslefttheuniversity19.—WhydoyoulikeJack?—Becauseheis____honestboy.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./20.Hisgradeintheexamputhim_____thetopstudentsinhisclass.

A.between

B.among

C.for

D.at21.Mike_____inthisfactorysince1990.

A.works

B.worked

C.hasworked

D.haveworked22.--Mike,Ihaven'tseenyourfatherrecently.--He___Xi’anfortwomonths.

A.havebeento

B.hasgoneto

C.hasbeenin

D.wentto23.I____thismagazineforthreemonths.

A.Havebought

B.havehad

C.haveborrowed

D.havelent24.—Samseemstoloveallsports.—Right,_____swimming.

A.certainly

B.suddenly

C.secondly

D.especially25.—Drivingless,walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.—SoI'drather_____anhour'swalktoworkthanconsider_____acar.A.take;drive

B.take;todrive

C.take;driving

D.taking;driving26.Theladyhaslivedwithherparents______shemovedhere.

A.since

B.because

C.although

D.sothat27.Lisadidn'trealizehermistakes_____hermothertoldheraboutit.

A.until

B.if

C.assoonas

D.aslongas28.--Weall____herasapoorwoman.--Actually,she'sveryrich.

A.think

B.regard

C.own

D.record29.Thehotelprovidesashoecleaningservice____guests.

A.for

B.from

C.on

D.with30.___shewentintotheroom,sheknewtherewassomethingwrong.

A.Aslongas

B.Since

C.Assoonas

D.Although31.Idon’tmind______ifyoucan’tfindanyoneelse.

A.help

B.helping

C.tohelp

D.tohelping32.Forkids,Ithinktwohoursofplayingcomputergames_____toolong.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were33.There’snoneedforyou_____late!Icanfinishtherestoftheworkbymyself.

A.tostay

B.stay

C.staying

D.stayed34.Iknowit’snotmyjob____youhowtorunyourlife,butIdothinkyou’vemadeamistake.

A.tell

B.totell

C.ask

D.toask35.Iwasseriously______thatdayanddecidedtostayathomeandhaveagoodrest.

A.relaxed

B.lazy

C.ill

D.lonely36.Couldyouplease______thewindow?It’scoldoutside.

A.open

B.notopen

C.opening

D.notopening37.Bringasmuchfoodasyoucan—______.

A.themuch,thegoo