36 保護(hù)瀕危物種-2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題題型專(zhuān)練

36保護(hù)瀕危物種2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題題型專(zhuān)練背景資料：朱鹮保護(hù)創(chuàng)造拯救瀕危物種成功范例2023-02-1009:11·\t"/article/7198328733348921893/_blank"光明網(wǎng)【這些年，我們創(chuàng)造的奇跡⑤】朱鹮保護(hù)創(chuàng)造拯救瀕危物種成功范例成功繁育10余代，數(shù)量從7只增至9000余只光明日?qǐng)?bào)西安2月9日電（記者張蕾、張哲浩通訊員趙俠）一個(gè)世上僅存7個(gè)成員的物種，竟然能“起死回生”！記者從陜西省林業(yè)局了解到，最新數(shù)字顯示，歷經(jīng)40年精心保護(hù)，曾極度瀕危的朱鹮，數(shù)量已經(jīng)從1981年的7只增至9000余只，棲息地面積由不足5平方公里擴(kuò)展到1.6萬(wàn)平方公里。中國(guó)的朱鹮保護(hù)，成為世界拯救瀕危物種的成功范例。朱鹮，古稱(chēng)朱鷺，在地球上已經(jīng)生存超過(guò)6000萬(wàn)年。它姿態(tài)優(yōu)雅，體形端莊，翩然若仙，自古以來(lái)被視為幸福吉祥之鳥(niǎo)。有學(xué)者認(rèn)為，先秦典籍《鹖冠子·度萬(wàn)》“鳳凰者，鶉火之禽，陽(yáng)之精也”中“火鳳凰”的形象，就來(lái)自面頰雙腿朱紅、翅帶粉紅的朱鹮。朱鹮曾廣泛生存于東亞地區(qū)，但由于人類(lèi)過(guò)度使用農(nóng)藥，加之濫捕濫殺，多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)相繼宣布滅種。從1978年起，我國(guó)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)展開(kāi)野生朱鹮調(diào)查，歷時(shí)近3年、行程5萬(wàn)多公里，足跡遍布14個(gè)省份，才在秦嶺深處的陜西洋縣姚家溝發(fā)現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)世界上僅存的7只野生朱鹮。隨即，對(duì)洋縣朱鹮出沒(méi)地區(qū)實(shí)施封山育林，開(kāi)啟對(duì)朱鹮的全方位保護(hù)。“朱鹮種群恢復(fù)經(jīng)歷了非常艱難的過(guò)程?！标兾鲙煼洞髮W(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院教授于曉平介紹，1981年至1990年，由于種群基數(shù)小，加之缺乏科學(xué)手段，朱鹮種群恢復(fù)極為緩慢，始終未能突破20只；1991年至2000年，隨著保護(hù)體系不斷完善，人工飼養(yǎng)繁殖和疾病防治技術(shù)日趨成熟，朱鹮數(shù)量突破100只?！斑M(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，特別是最近10年來(lái)，隨著一系列生態(tài)工程實(shí)施，秦嶺生態(tài)系統(tǒng)多樣性、穩(wěn)定性和持續(xù)性顯著增強(qiáng)，朱鹮棲息地狀況得到極大改善，而朱鹮保護(hù)、繁育和野化放歸技術(shù)又接連取得重大突破，朱鹮營(yíng)巢地逐漸超過(guò)700處，數(shù)量接近萬(wàn)只關(guān)口?！彪S著朱鹮數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，為了緩解洋縣承載壓力、解決近親繁殖等問(wèn)題，朱鹮“易地保護(hù)”“野化放歸”相繼啟動(dòng)。朱鹮棲息地由大山深處向丘陵平川擴(kuò)展，由洋縣一隅向秦巴全域擴(kuò)展，由長(zhǎng)江流域向黃河流域擴(kuò)展，由陜西向全國(guó)擴(kuò)展，并通過(guò)捐贈(zèng)等方式向東亞國(guó)家擴(kuò)展……“目前，陜西已成功繁育朱鹮10余代，建立人工繁育種群5個(gè)、野化種群6個(gè)。在陜西之外的9個(gè)人工繁育基地也相繼建成，通過(guò)野化放歸，將朱鹮重新引入歷史分布區(qū)，建立可自我維持的野生種群。目前，已形成以在陜野生種群為‘源種群’、各地放飛種群為‘衛(wèi)星群’的中國(guó)朱鹮種群新樣態(tài)?！标兾魇×謽I(yè)局局長(zhǎng)黨雙忍說(shuō)?！豆饷魅?qǐng)?bào)》（2023年02月10日01版）一、完形填空FifteenwildAsianelephantsthatlefttheirhomeinXishuangbannalastyeararecontinuingtomarchnorth,accordingtoChinaDailyonJune4th,2021,whichattractsmuchattention___1___thepublic.TheendangeredAsianelephantenjoysClass-A___2___inChina,thesamelevelasthegiantpandadoes.ThenumberofAsianelephantsinChinahas___3___from170inthe1970stoabout300nowadays.Whyaretheyonthe___4___?Maybetherearetwomainreasons.First,thegrowingpopulationofelephantsneedmorespaceandfoodtolive.Second,someareaswheretheyliveoftenfacehugepressuretodevelopthelocaleconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）,makingthemmovetootherareas.___5___thegovernmentistakingactiontoleadthemgraduallybacktotheirhome.1．A．from B．in C．for D．to2．A．journey B．training C．protection D．welcome3．A．raised B．reduced C．fell D．increased4．A．vacation B．move C．Internet D．watch5．A．Suddenly B．Surprisingly C．Interestingly D．Luckily【短文大意】本文主要講述了亞洲象不斷地遷移的原因，以及中國(guó)政府正在采取措施來(lái)讓它們回到自己的家園?！敬鸢附馕觥?．句意：引起了公眾的極大關(guān)注。from從；in在……里；for為了；to到。根據(jù)“attractsmuchattention…thepublic”可知，是吸引了來(lái)自公眾的關(guān)注，故選A。2．句意：瀕臨絕種的亞洲象在中國(guó)受到一級(jí)保護(hù)。journey旅行；training訓(xùn)練；protection保護(hù)；welcome歡迎。根據(jù)“thesamelevelasthegiantpandadoes”及常識(shí)可知，大熊貓?jiān)谥袊?guó)是受到一級(jí)保護(hù)，所以這種亞洲象跟它一樣，故選C。3．句意：中國(guó)的亞洲象數(shù)量已從20世紀(jì)70年代的170頭增加到現(xiàn)在的300頭左右。raised提升；reduced減少；fell跌落；increased增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“from170inthe1970stoabout300nowadays”可知，數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了，故選D。4．句意：它們?yōu)槭裁丛谶w移？vacation假期；move移動(dòng)；Internet因特網(wǎng)；watch手表。根據(jù)“FifteenwildAsianelephantsthatlefttheirhomeinXishuangbannalastyeararecontinuingtomarchnorth”可知，盡管數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了，它們還是要移動(dòng)到別的地方，故選B。5．句意：幸運(yùn)的是，政府正在采取行動(dòng)引導(dǎo)它們逐漸回到自己的家。Suddenly突然；Surprisingly驚訝地；Interestingly有趣地；Luckily幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)“thegovernmentistakingactiontoleadthemgraduallybacktotheirhome”可知，政府要采取措施讓它們回到自己的家，這是一件幸運(yùn)的事，故選D。二、閱讀單選A篇Thebluewhale(鯨)isthelargestanimalalivetoday.AndoneofthesewhaleshasbeencaughtmakingabigjourneythroughtheSouthPacific.ThewhalewasfirstrecordedneartheGalapagosIslands,westofCostaRica.Yearslater,thatsamewhalewasphotographedoffthecoastofChileinSouthAmerica,anewstudyreports.Thetwoplacesareseparatedbyabout5,200kilometers.Thatmeansthewhale,nicknamedIsabella,swamfartherthanthedistancebetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles.Bluewhalesarefoundinalltheworld’soceansbutliveindeepwaters.Sotherearefewplaceswheretheycanbefoundeasily.What’smore,theywerenearlydrivenbywhalingacenturyago.Populationsareincreasing.Butbecausetherearesofewoftheanimals,theyarestillconsideredendangered.Onebluewhalemaylooklikeanyothertotheuntrainedeye.Buteachanimalhasspecialspots(斑點(diǎn)).“Weusethosespotsasthefingerprintsofbluewhales,”TorresFlorezsays.Tomakethecomparisonjobeasier,scientistsfocusontheareaaroundawhale’sdorsalfin(鰭),whichisonitsback.“Comparingthosespotsweareabletotellifawhaleisthesamewhalewesawindifferentplacesorifthesamewhaleisseenduringdifferentyearsinthesameplace,”hesays.Isabellaisprobablynottheonlybluewhaletotravelsofar,theresearcherssay.MembersofherpopulationlikelymigrateregularlyfromChiletotheGalapagos.Insummermonths,TorresFloreznotes,watersinthefarsouthernPacificareloadedwithkrill,butthatfooddisappearsinwinter.That’swhenthewhalestravelnorthtowarm,tropical(熱帶的)watersneartheGalapagos.There,insteadoffeeding,thewhalesproducebabies.Scientistsdon’tyetknowwhywhalesprefertoproducebabiesintropicallocations.Buttheoceantheremaybewarmerandcalmerandhavefewerkillerwhalesthatwouldfeedonbabybluewhales,TorresFlorezsays.6．WhatcanweinferaboutbluewhalesinParagraph2?A．Theyarenolongerattheriskofdyingout.B．It’sdifficultforscientiststostudythem.C．Theycan’tlivewellinanewenvironment.D．Itiscommonforpeopletoseethemworldwide.7．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Howtostudybluewhales.B．Thespotsofbluewhales.C．Howtofindouttheexactbluewhale.D．Thehabitsandlifestyleofbluewhales.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“migrate”mean?A．演變 B．分離 C．遷徙 D．繁殖9．AccordingtoTorresFlorez,whalesprefertoproducebabiesintropicalwatersprobablybecause________.A．thereisenoughfoodforbabybluewhalesB．theydon’thaveenemiesthereC．it’seasyforthemtofindamatethereD．it’seasyforbabybluewhalestoremainalivethere10．Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．TraditionalCustom.B．JobWanted.C．SchoolLife.D．Nature.【短文大意】本文是一篇關(guān)于藍(lán)鯨的科普文章，向我們介紹了藍(lán)鯨的一些知識(shí)?！敬鸢附馕觥?．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Bluewhalesarefoundinalltheworld’soceansbutliveindeepwaters.Sotherearefewplaceswheretheycanbefoundeasily.”及第二段全段內(nèi)容可知，藍(lán)鯨很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以科學(xué)家很難研究它們。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段可知，本段介紹了藍(lán)鯨的外貌特征，便于進(jìn)行尋找，即如何找出確切的藍(lán)鯨。故選C。8．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“MembersofherpopulationlikelymigrateregularlyfromChiletotheGalapagos.Insummermonths,TorresFloreznotes,watersinthefarsouthernPacificareloadedwithkrill,butthatfooddisappearsinwinter.”可知，它們可能定期從智利遷移到加拉帕戈斯群島。托雷斯·弗洛雷斯指出，在夏季，南太平洋遙遠(yuǎn)的水域盛產(chǎn)磷蝦，但冬季這些食物就會(huì)消失。migrate表示“遷徙”。故選C。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Scientistsdon’tyetknowwhywhalesprefertoproducebabiesintropicallocations.Buttheoceantheremaybewarmerandcalmerandhavefewerkillerwhalesthatwouldfeedonbabybluewhales”可知，因?yàn)樾∷{(lán)鯨很容易在熱帶水域存活。故選D。10．推理判斷題。本文是一篇關(guān)于藍(lán)鯨的科普文章，向我們介紹了藍(lán)鯨的一些知識(shí)?？赡軄?lái)自報(bào)紙的自然部分。故選D。B篇TheSearch-for-Lost-Birdslisthascometopublicattentionrecently.Itliststenkindsofbirdsthathavenotbeenseeninthewildforatleastfifteenyears.Thelistiscallingonpeopletosearchfortherarest(最珍稀的)birdsonEarth.Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthelongdisappearancesofthebirdsonthelist.Maybetherehavebeennostudiesinareaswheretheylive.Maybepeopledon’tknowwhereorhowtofindthem.Maybetherearechangestotheirnaturalhomesbecauseofhumanactivities.Thisyear,fourexpeditions(考察隊(duì))areplanningtofindeightkindsofbirds.Ifanyoftheselostbirdsarefound,wayscanbefoundtoprotectthemandhelptheirpopulationsgrow.ThishashappenedwithbirdsliketheMadagascarpochard.Thenumberofthisonce-lostkindofbirdisnowincreasing.11．HowmanykindsofbirdsareontheSearch-for-Lost-Birdslist?A．Four. B．Eight. C．Ten. D．Fifteen.12．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Changesofthelivingareasofthebirds. B．Suggestionsonhowtoprotectthebirds.C．Reasonsforthedisappearancesofthebirds. D．Stepsofbuildingnaturalhomesforthebirds.13．WhatcanwelearnabouttheMadagascarpochard?A．Ithasnotbeenfoundtillnow. B．Ithasalargerpopulationthanbefore.C．Itneedstoliveclosetohumans. D．Itprovidesprotectionforotherbirds.14．Whatisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)forthetext?A．WaystoRaiseRareBirds B．Bird-loversAroundtheWorldC．SearchesfortheLostBirds D．StoriesAboutBirdsintheWild【短文大意】本文主要講述了人類(lèi)采取措施尋找那些已經(jīng)消失在人類(lèi)視野中的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，幫助它們繁衍后代。【答案解析】11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itliststenkindsofbirdsthathavenotbeenseeninthewildforatleastfifteenyears”可知，它列出了至少15年沒(méi)有在野外看到的10種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，故選C。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthelongdisappearancesofthebirdsonthelist”可知，此段介紹了這些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)消失的原因，故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThishashappenedwithbirdsliketheMadagascarpochard.Thenumberofthisonce-lostkindofbirdisnowincreasing”可知，這種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的數(shù)量現(xiàn)在正在增長(zhǎng)，故選B。14．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要講述了人類(lèi)采取措施尋找那些已經(jīng)消失在人類(lèi)視野中的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，幫助它們繁衍后代，所以C選項(xiàng)“尋找消失的鳥(niǎo)兒”符合本文標(biāo)題，故選C。C篇Chinawillhave75percentofitswildanimalsonlandunderthenationalkeyprotectionsystemby2025,theNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration（國(guó)家林業(yè)和草原局）said.ItsannouncementtookplaceonSunday,whichhappenedtobetheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity（多樣性）.TheadministrationsaidthatpartofChina’sachievementsinprotectingwildanimalslieinsettingwildanimalsintonaturereserves（保護(hù)區(qū)）afterhumanbreeding（繁殖）.Itsaidthatninemiludeer（麋鹿）recentlycameintotheworldintheDaqingshanNationalNatureReserveinInnerMongolia.Theyarebabiesofthemiludeer,orPereDavid’sdeer,whoweresetintothewildinSeptemberfollowinghumanbreedinginBeijingandJiangsuprovince.Accordingtotheadministration,humanbreedinghashelpedtoincreasethepopulationofsomeanimalkindsthathadbeforedisappearedinthewild,suchasmiludeerandPrzewalski’shorses.Therearenowaround10,000miludeerandaround700Przewalski’shorses.Asforotherwildpopulations,thegiantpandapopulationhasincreasedfrom1,114inthe1980sto1,864.ThenumberofwildAsianelephantshasincreasedfromabout180to300overthesameperiod.Theadministrationplanstoimprovetheprotectionofwildanimals—includinggiantpandas,Siberiantigers,Asianelephants,andsnowleopards.Atthesametime,thegovernmenthasmademoreeffortstopunishunlawfultradinginwildlife,whichalsohelpswiththeincreaseofwildanimals.15．Howmanykindsofwildanimalsarementionedinthepassage?A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8.16．WhatwasthepopulationofwildAsianelephantsinthe1980s?A．About120. B．About180. C．About700. D．About1,114.17．Whatdoweknowaboutmiludeerfromthepassage?A．Miludeeroncedisappearedinthewild.B．NinemiludeerweresetintothewildinSeptember.C．75percentofmiludeerarebeingprotectedbythenation.D．Humanbreedingplaysthebiggestpartintheirpopulationincrease.18．Accordingtothepassage,whathasChinadonetoprotectwildanimals?A．Plantingmoretrees. B．Controllinghumanbreeding.C．Preventingunlawfulsellingandbuying. D．Settinganationaldayforbiologicaldiversity.19．Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?A．Humanbreeding. B．Animaldiversity. C．Wildlifeprotection. D．Endangeredanimals.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)加大力度對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的保護(hù)，通過(guò)人工繁殖來(lái)增加瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，也加大了對(duì)野生動(dòng)物非法交易的懲罰力度?！敬鸢附馕觥?5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“miludeer”“Przewalski’shorses”“giantpanda”“Asianelephants”“Siberiantigers”以及“snowleopards”可知，一共提到了六種野生動(dòng)物，故選B。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“…inthe1980sto1,864.ThenumberofwildAsianelephantshasincreasedfromabout180to300overthesameperiod.”可知，在20世紀(jì)80年代野生亞洲象的數(shù)量約是180，故選B。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“humanbreedinghashelpedtoincreasethepopulationofsomeanimalkindsthathadbeforedisappearedinthewild,suchasmiludeerandPrzewalski’shorses”可知，麋鹿曾經(jīng)在野外消失，故選A。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atthesametime,thegovernmenthasmademoreeffortstopunishunlawfultradinginwildlife,whichalsohelpswiththeincreaseofwildanimals”可知，政府加大了對(duì)野生動(dòng)物非法交易的懲罰力度，這也有助于野生動(dòng)物的增加，故選C。19．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了中國(guó)通過(guò)人工繁殖以及加大對(duì)非法買(mǎi)賣(mài)的懲罰，來(lái)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，故選C。D篇ManyofusstayedathomeinJanuarybecauseofCOVID-19,butaspecialmomandhertwobabiestookatrip.TheyweredrivenafewmilesfromabreedingcenterinnortheasternArgentinatoa1.7million-acrenaturereservecalledGranIberaPark.Therethethreejaguarswerereleasedintothewild.TheirreleasewasthefirstreintroductionofjaguarsinthatpartofArgentinasincethespecies(物種)almostdiedoutthere70yearsago.Scientistshopetheycanturnthingsaroundforthisimportantapexpredator,meaningonethatisontopofthefoodchain(鏈).Only200to300jaguarsremaininthecountry.“ThatisthehighestlevelofprotectionthatcanbegiveninArgentina,”saysSebastianDiMartino.He’stheconservationdirectorforRewildingArgentina,whichisoneoftheorganizationshelpingtorestorejaguarpopulations.Thejaguars’journeystartedin2018whentheparkwasbuiltintheIberaWetlands.Severalthousandjaguarsoncelivedthere,alongwithotherimportantspecies.Butthejaguars’furwasvaluable,sopeoplehuntedthem.Thenfarmersclearedthelandtheylivedon.Withthejaguarsgone,theecosystemwasoutofbalance.“Intheabsenceofthisspecies,ecosystemsstopworkingwellandmayevencollapse,”DiMartinosays.“Themainprey(獵物)ofthejaguaristhecapybaraandthecaiman.Theyareveryabundantbecauseoftheabsenceofthejaguar,whichcausesimbalancesintheecosystem.”Theparkwasthefirststeptogivejaguarsaplacetolive.Thentheyneededtobreed.AfemalenamedMariuamatedwithamalejaguarfromBrazil.Mariuathengavebirthtothetwobabyjaguars.Itsoundssimple,buttherealityismorecomplicated.DiMartinosaidthatjaguarsbornatbreedingcentershavetolearnhowtohuntandmustnotbecomeusedtohumans.Otherwise,theywillnothavesuccessinthewild.Thepeoplewhoworkatthebreedingcenterstayoutofsight.Theyusevideocamerastowatchthejaguarsfromseveralmilesaway.“Weprovidelivepreyforthem,withoutthemrealizingitcomesfrompeople,”DiMartinosaid.Mariuawearsaradiocollarsoresearcherscantrackherandherbabies,KaraiandPord.“Sofar,sogood.She’sbeenhuntingcapybarasandwildpigsandisraisingherbabiesverywell,”DiMartinosays.20．Whatcanwelearnaboutthejaguar?A．ItisfoundonlyinArgentina. B．Itistaughttohuntbyhumans.C．Itisnothuntedbyanyotheranimal. D．Itisnotconsideredasararespecies.21．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDiMartino’sjob?A．Exciting. B．Meaningful. C．Surprising. D．Successful.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abundant”meaninthispassage?A．Morethanenough. B．Lessthanenough.C．Gettingmorepowerful. D．Gettinglesspowerful.23．ThewritermentionedMariua________.A．togiveanexampleofjaguars’life B．toshowtheimportanceoffemalejaguarsC．tointroduceawayoftrainingjaguars D．toexplainthemethodofrewildingjaguars【短文大意】文章主要介紹了阿根廷美洲虎的狀況?！敬鸢附馕觥?0．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Scientistshopetheycanturnthingsaroundforthisimportantapexpredator,meaningonethatisontopofthefoodchain(鏈)”，美洲虎是處于食物鏈頂端的，也就意味著沒(méi)有其它動(dòng)物能夠捕獵它們，故選C。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)““Intheabsenceofthisspecies,ecosystemsstopworkingwellandmayevencollapse,”可知，在缺少美洲虎的情況下，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)變差甚至瀕臨崩潰，所以DiMartino恢復(fù)美洲虎在阿根廷的分布是很有意義的。故選B。22．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Themainprey(獵物)ofthejaguaristhecapybaraandthecaiman.Theyareveryabundantbecauseoftheabsenceofthejaguar,whichcausesimbalancesintheecosystem.”可知，美洲虎的主要獵物是水豚和凱門(mén)鱷。它們非常豐富，因?yàn)闆](méi)有美洲虎，這導(dǎo)致了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的不平衡。所以單詞“abundant”指的是“充足的，足夠多的”，故選A。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thentheyneededtobreed.AfemalenamedMariuamatedwithamalejaguarfromBrazil.Mariuathengavebirthtothetwobabyjaguars.”以及“Mariuawearsaradiocollarsoresearcherscantrackherandherbabies,”可知，文中作者提到Mariua是為了說(shuō)明重新野化美洲虎的方法，故選D。E篇WhenauturnnarrivesintheUnitedStatesandCanada,youcanseeoneofnature’sgreatestscenes—theyearlymigration(遷徙)ofthemonarchbutterflies(帝王蝶).NootherbutterflyintheworldmigratesliketheorangeandblackmonarchofNorthAmerica.Theycannotliveforlongperiodsincoldweather.SoeachauturnnaroundOctober,thebutterfliestravelupto3,000kilometerssouthtospendwinter.SomeevenflytothemountainsofMexico.ItusuallytakesthebutterfliestwomonthstoreachMexico.Whenitiswarm,theystarttobacknorthinthespring.Butnotonebutterflyfinishesthewholetrip.Theylayeggsalongthewayanddie.Itmighttakethemonarchsasmanyasfourtofivegenerations(代)tocompletethejourneyallthewaybackuptoCanada,saysSarinaJepsen,whodirectstheendangeredspeciesprogramfortheXercesSociety.ThemostamazingthingaboutthesebutterfliesisthattheyreturntotheverysametreesinMexicothattheirgreat-great-grandparentsusedthewinterbefore.However,thenumberofthesecolorfulbutterflieshasdroppedinrecentyears.TheUSFishandWildlifeSenicesaidthatnearlyabillionmonarchshavedisappearedfromoverwinteringsites(越冬地點(diǎn))since1990,theWashingtonPostreported,oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides(除草劑)onthemilkweed(馬利筋)plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon.……24．Whatcolorarethemonarchbutterflies?A．Orangeandblack. B．Pinkandblack. C．Orangeandwhite.25．HowlongdoesittakethemonarchbutterfliestoreachMexico?A．Onemonth. B．Twomonths. C．Fourtofivegenerations.26．Whatisthemostamazingthingaboutthemonarchbutterflies?A．Theymigratetovisittheirfriends.B．Theyareprotectedbytheirfamilymembers.C．Theycanreturntothesametreesthattheirancestorslivedin.27．Fromthepassage,weknowthatthenumberofthemonarchshasdroppedmainlybecauseof________.A．lessfood B．badweather C．a(chǎn)irpollution28．Whatmightthewritertalkaboutnextafterthepassage?A．Howtoplantmoretrees.B．Howtoresearchthesebutterflies.C．Whatwecandotoprotectthesebutterflies.【短文大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了帝王蝶每年秋天的遷徙以及數(shù)量越來(lái)越少的原因?！敬鸢附馕觥?4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“NootherbutterflyintheworldmigratesliketheorangeandblackmonarchofNorthAmerica.”可知，帝王蝶是橙黑色的。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ItusuallytakesthebutterfliestwomonthstoreachMexico.”可知，帝王蝴蝶到達(dá)墨西哥需要兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間。故選B。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ThemostamazingthingaboutthesebutterfliesisthattheyreturntotheverysametreesinMexicothattheirgreat-great-grandparentsusedthewinterbefore.”可知，帝王蝶最神奇的事情是它們可以回到它們的祖先生活過(guò)的樹(shù)上。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides(除草劑)onthemilkweed(馬利筋)plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon.”可知，除草劑的使用，使得帝王蝶可食用的植物變少，從而導(dǎo)致帝王蝶數(shù)量下降。故選A。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“However,thenumberofthesecolorfulbutterflieshasdroppedinrecentyears.TheUSFishandWildlifeSenicesaidthatnearlyabillionmonarchshavedisappearedfromoverwinteringsites(越冬地點(diǎn))since1990,theWashingtonPostreported,Oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides(除草劑)onthemilkweed(馬利筋)plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon.”可推理出，此段解釋了帝王蝶數(shù)量下降的原因，短文大意原因之后，接下去最有可能談到的是如何保護(hù)帝王蝶。故選C。三、閱讀判斷A篇判斷正誤。正確的答案涂A，錯(cuò)誤的答案涂B。May23in1981wasabigdayforscientistLiuYinzeng

(劉蔭增).Heandhisteamfoundsevenwildcrestedibises

(朱鹮)inHanzhong,Shanxiprovince.“Thatnight,Isawacrestedibisflyacrossthesky.Weranafteritatonceandfoundfouradultcrestedibisesandthreeyounglittlebirdsinthewoods,”Liusaid.ThatwasthestartofChina’seffortstoprotectthebirds.Thereare4,400crestedibisesinChina,makingupmostofthebird’sglobal(全球的)populationofover5,000.Ithasbeenmorethan40yearssincethebirdscameback.Crestedibisesareoneoftheoldestbirdsintheworld.TherewereoncelotsofcrestedibisesinAsia.Butinthe1960s,theybegantodisappearbecauseofpollutionandotherhumanactivities.ThatwaswhyLiuandhisteamsetouttolookforthebirds.Theyspentthreeyearssearchingin14provincesbeforemakingtheirbigfinding.Chinesescientistshaveworkedhardtostudyandprotectthebirdssincethen.Theyhaveaskedpeoplenottohunt(捕獵)thebirds,cutdowntrees,orusefertilizers(化肥)intheplaceswherethebirdslive.Theyhelpedthebirdshavemorebabies.SomecrestedibiseswerealsosenttoJapanandSouthKorea.Allofthesecountriesworktogethertoprotectthebirds.29．Sevenwildcrestedibiseswerefoundin1981,byLiuYinzengandhisteam.30．Thenumberofwildcrestedibisesisover5,000inChina.31．Thereweren’tanycrestedibisesleftbeforescientistsfoundtheminHanzhong.32．Peopleareaskedtoimprovethelivingenvironmentofcrestedibises.33．Thankstoscientists’efforts,crestedibiseshaveavoidedthedangerofdyingout.【短文大意】本文介紹劉蔭增和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)朱鹮的研究，呼吁人們保護(hù)這種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)?！敬鸢附馕觥?9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“May23in1981wasabigdayforscientistLiuYinzeng(劉蔭增).Heandhisteamfoundsevenwildcrestedibises(朱鹮)inHanzhong,Shanxiprovince.”可知，1981年5月23日，劉蔭增他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了7只野生朱鹮。該項(xiàng)表述正確，故選A。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thereare4,400crestedibisesinChina”可知，中國(guó)有4400只朱鹮，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，故選B。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butinthe1960s,theybegantodisappearbecauseofpollutionandotherhumanactivities.ThatwaswhyLiuandhisteamsetouttolookforthebirds.Theyspentthreeyearssearchingin14provincesbeforemakingtheirbigfinding.”可知，朱鹮沒(méi)有滅絕，只是在20世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始消失，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，故選B。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyhaveaskedpeoplenottohunt(捕獵)thebirds,cutdowntrees,orusefertilizers(化肥)intheplaceswherethebirdslive.”可知，他們要求人們不要在鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)棲息的地方獵殺鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)、砍伐樹(shù)木或使用化肥。該項(xiàng)表述正確，故選A。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theyhelpedthebirdshavemorebabies.SomecrestedibiseswerealsosenttoJapanandSouthKorea.Allofthesecountriesworktogethertoprotectthebirds.”可知，它們幫助鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)生育更多的孩子。一些朱鷺也被送往日本和韓國(guó)。所有這些國(guó)家共同努力保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。由此推知由于科學(xué)家的努力，朱鹮避免了滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。該項(xiàng)表述正確，故選A。B篇TheelephantliesinAfricaandinAsia.Iteatsplantsandfruit,butitdoesn’teatmeat.Itlikeswater.ThetigerlivesinAsia,too.It’salargeandbeautifulanimal.Itlikeswaterandisgoodatswimming.It’sstrongandcatchesmanykindsofanimalsforfood.Butelephantsandtigersareindanger.ItishardtobelievethatthereareonlyaboutonehundredSouthChinatigersleftonearthandfewliveinthewild.SotheWorldWildFundforNature(WWF)isworkinghardtosaveelephantsandtigers.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子的正誤,正確的在答題卡上涂T，錯(cuò)誤的涂F。34．Theelephanteatsplantsandmeat.35．Thetigereatsmeat.36．Theelephantandthetigerbothlikewater.37．Thereareonlyaboutonehundredelephantsleftonearth.38．TheWWFisworkinghardtosaveelephantsandtigers.【短文大意】短文主要介紹大象和老虎。他們處于危險(xiǎn)中，世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)正在努力拯救他們?！敬鸢附馕觥?4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iteatsplantsandfruit,butitdoesn’teatmeat.”可知，大象吃植物和水果，但不吃肉類(lèi)。題干表述錯(cuò)誤。故答案為F。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’sstrongandcatchesmanykindsofanimalsforfood.”可知，老虎食肉。題干表述正確。故答案為T(mén)。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itlikeswater.”和“Itlikeswaterandisgoodatswimming.”可知，大象和老虎都喜歡水。題干表述正確。故答案為T(mén)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“...thereareonlyaboutonehundredSouthChinatigersleftonearth...”可知，地球上只剩下大約一百只華南虎而不是大象。題干表述錯(cuò)誤。故答案為F。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SoTheWorldWildFundforNature(WWF)isworkinghardtosaveelephantsandtigers.”可知，世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)正在拯救大象和老虎。題干表述正確。故答案為T(mén)。四、閱讀補(bǔ)全句子閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成文后的句子。Endangereddolphinsarebeautifulanimalsthatneedtobesaved.However,ifwecontinuetodothesameabouttheenvironment,manyofthewonderfulcreaturesaregoingtodieout.Itmaybeinterestingthatthereareaboutsixdifferenttypesofdolphinsthatareendangered.Manyofthemareriverdolphinsandtheyarealmostlostforeverifwedonottakethetimetocareforthem.Thefollowingarethereasonswhytheyareindanger.Oneproblemthathascausedendangereddolphinsisfishingnets.Dolphinscanoftengetstuckinthesenetsandtheymaydie.Anotherproblemisthefactthatmanypeopleanddifferentcountrieswillhuntfordolphinsasfood.Thenextproblemispollution.Whentheoceansandriversarepolluted,itaffectstheveryenvironmentwherethesebeautifulcreaturesareliving.Itmaybeimportanttoalsokeepinmindthatthedolphinsaretowardsthetopofthefoodchain.Becauseofthis,theyaregoingtoeatsmalleranimalsinthewater.Ifthesesmalleranimalsareaffectedbythepollutionaswell,therereallyisnosafeplaceforthedolphinstogo.Wehavetodosomethingtoprotectthem.Youcanalsopayattentiontothelandaroundyou.Donotlitterandstopifyoudo.Spendtimeontheweekendcleaninguptrashinyourareaandrecyclewhatyoucan.Youplayalargeroleinthiswhetheryoubelieveitornot.So,findoutwhatyouhavedonetoendangereddolphinsandworktowardsapositivechange.39．Manyriverdolphinsarealmost________ifwedon’ttakecareofthem.40．Thethreeproblemsthathavecausedendangereddolphinsare________.41．Thedolphinsaretothetopof________andkillsmalleranimalsforfoodinthewater.42．Ifwe________,wewillplayalargeroleinprotectingdolphins.43．Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.【短文大意】本文主要介紹瀕臨滅絕的海豚是需要拯救的美麗動(dòng)物。作者列舉了它們處于危險(xiǎn)中的一些原因，呼吁我們?nèi)リP(guān)注和保護(hù)這種美麗的動(dòng)物?！敬鸢附馕觥?9．根據(jù)“Itmaybeinterestingthatthereareaboutsixdifferenttypesofdolphinsthatareendangered.Manyofthemareriverdolphinsandtheyarealmostlostforeverifwedonottakethetimetocareforthem.”可知，大約有六種不同類(lèi)型的海豚瀕臨滅絕，它們中的許多是河豚，如果我們不花時(shí)間照顧它們，它們幾乎永遠(yuǎn)消失了。故填endangered。40．根據(jù)“Oneproblemthathascausedendangereddolphinsisfishingnets.”，“Anotherproblemisthefactthatmanypeopleanddifferentcountrieswillhuntfordolphinsasfood.”和“Thenextproblemispollution.”可知，導(dǎo)致海豚瀕臨滅絕的三個(gè)問(wèn)題是漁網(wǎng)、獵殺和污染，故填fishingnets,huntingandpollution。41．根據(jù)“Itmaybeimportanttoalsokeepinmindthatthedolphinsaretowardsthetopofthefoodchain.”可知，海豚正處于食物鏈的頂端，故填thefoodchain。42．根據(jù)“Wehavetodosomethingtoprotectthem...Youplayalargeroleinthiswhetheryoubelieveitornot.”可知，如果我們做些什么來(lái)保護(hù)它們，我們將在保護(hù)海豚方面發(fā)揮很大的作用。故填dosomethingtoprotectthem。43．本文主要介紹瀕臨滅絕的海豚是需要拯救的美麗動(dòng)物，告訴我們它們處于危險(xiǎn)中的一些原因，呼吁我們?nèi)リP(guān)注和保護(hù)這種美麗的動(dòng)物。故填riverdolphinsareendangeredandwehavetodosomethingtoprotectthem。五、多任務(wù)混合閱讀閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)文中信息為華南虎制作一張信息卡，完成以下任務(wù)。任務(wù)A:補(bǔ)全1、2、3、4題的信息。每空限填一詞。任務(wù)B:完成第5題所在的句子。不超過(guò)15個(gè)詞。TheSouthChinatigerisalsoknownastheChinesetiger.Thistigerisoneofthesmallestamongthetigersubspecies.Itisabout1.6mto2.5mlongfromheadtotailanditweighsabout110kgto225kg.TheSouthChinatigersmainlyliveinthemountainforestsofcentralandsouthernChina.Theylivealone,notingroups.Theyonlyeatanimalscaughtbythemselves.Theycaneatfrom18kgto40kginasinglemeal.TheSouthChinatigershaveawell-developedsenseofsmell.Theymovearoundduringthenightandtheyactquickly.Theyaregoodswimmersbuttheyarenotgoodatclimbingtrees.TheSouthChinatigerisingreatdanger.Thereareonlyabout100SouthChinatigersleftintheworld.Theyareunderthefirst-classprotection.TheChinesegovernmenthasdevelopedlotsofprojectsforthem.Severalinternationalorganizations,includingWorldWildlifeFund,arealsoworkinghardtoprotectthem.Sofarsucheffortshavebeensuccessfulwithmanybabytigersborn.However,thisanimalisstillonthetop10listofendangeredanimals.Sothere’sstillmuchworktodo.Forexample,5.________.TheSouthChinaTigerName:theSouthChinatigerSize:about1.6mto2.5mWeight:ab