高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)三十七選修8Unit2Cloning課件新人教版

三十七選修8

Unit2

Cloning(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A

Twelve-year-oldNishiUggalle,thenewchampionofChannel4’sChild

GeniusshowissaidtohaveanIQ“higherthanEinstein’s”.Itsoundsimpressive,butdoesthatcomparisonactuallymeananythingandhowseriouslyshouldwetakeIQasameasurementofintellectualcapacity?TheimmediateproblemisthatnooneknowswhatEinstein’sIQwas,evenincludinghimself.ItisassumedhewouldhaveanIQscoreof160+.WhenNishiwastestedalmostthreeyearsagobyMensa,amembershiporganizationforpeoplewithveryhighIQs,shescored162—thehighestpossiblescoreinthetestshewastaking.

Thenumbersarepurelynormative(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的):thetest-taker’sperformanceisscoredagainsttheaverageforthesameagegroup,basedonaseriesofteststhatusuallyconcentrateonpatternrecognition,logicandproblem-solvingability.Thestandardforthewholegroupis100,andmostpeoplefallintoarangebetween70and130.Only2.5%consideredtohaveanIQabove130.Mensaonlyacceptsmemberswhoareinthetop2%ofthosetested.

TheaimofanIQtestisnottomeasureknowledge,buttheindividual’sabilitytolearnandtheirspeedinabsorbinginformation.Havingzerospatial(空間的)awareness,Ilookdownonthem,sincetheyexposemeasstupid—IoncecamebottominanarmyintelligencetesttodeterminewhetherIwaspotentialofficermaterial.ExpertsdifferwildlyonwhetherIQtestsarereliable.Somehavefullfaithinthem.Allwecansaywithcertaintyisthattheytestaparticular,narrowdefinitionofintelligence—theabilitytoproblem-solveunderpressure.

TheMensaspokeswomanclaimsthereisastrongconnectionbetweenhighIQandgoodhealth,longevity(長壽)andcareersuccess,butshealsoacceptsahighIQcanproducesocialloneliness.OneofMensa’saimsistobringtogether“gifted”childrenbecausetheirgeneralcohort(同齡人)mayfindthemalittleodd.Iknowmanychessplayerswhoarebrilliantproblem-solversbutcanbarelydealwith“real”life.Whatisintelligence?Thatremainsthekey,unansweredquestion.【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過一個據(jù)說比愛因斯坦智商還高的12歲小女孩為開頭,引出智商測試法,闡述了智商測試并不涵蓋智力的所有方面,表達(dá)了自己對智商測試不贊成的態(tài)度。1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Einstein’sIQwasnottested.B.NishiissmarterthanEinstein.C.Mensaisnon-profitorganization.D.TheaverageIQofaMensamemberis160.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“TheimmediateproblemisthatnooneknowswhatEinstein’sIQwas,evenincludinghimself.ItisassumedhewouldhaveanIQscoreof160+.”可知,沒人知道愛因斯坦的智商究竟是多少,包括他自己,人們只是推測他的智商有160多,因此可推斷沒測試過他的智商。2.WhatdoweknowaboutIQtests?A.Expertsagreethattheyarereliable.B.ThenumbersofIQtestsarenotstandardized.C.Theydonotincludeeveryaspectofintelligence.D.Theyaredesignedtotesttheindividual’sknowledge.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Allwecansaywithcertaintyisthattheytestaparticular,narrowdefinitionofintelligence—theabilitytoproblem-solveunderpressure.”可知,智商測試不涵蓋智力的所有方面。3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardIQtests?A.Unfavorable.

B.Approving.C.Uncaring. D.Positive.【解析】選A。觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段的“Ilookdownonthem,sincetheyexposemeasstupid”可知,作者對智商測試是不贊成的。4.Accordingtothetext,apersonwithahighIQmay_________.

A.belesshealthyB.haveapoorsociallifeC.findithardtosucceedD.dieatanearlyage【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“...butshealsoacceptsahighIQcanproducesocialloneliness.OneofMensa’saimsistobringtogether’gifted’childrenbecausetheirgeneralcohortmayfindthemalittleodd.”可知,高智商的人可能不合群,社交能力差。B

Agroupofuniversityprofessorsrecentlycreatedascannertheybelievecanpredicttheperfectjobforanyone—simplybylookingattheirfingerprints.Thegroupsaysthatinthefuture,fingerprintscouldhelptellaperson’skeypersonalities.Tousethescanner,peopleplacetheirfingersuponthefingerprintreaderandcomputertechnologyconnecteduptosensors(傳感器)readsbackwhatsortofworkwouldsuittheindividual.

Themachinebasesitsresultsonacollectionofalargeamountofinformationinthecomputerabouthowfingerprintshapesconnecttojobselection.

Localcompanieshelpresearchersfromthecity’sKubanUniversityofPhysicalEducationandSporttotestthetechnology.Twenty-one-year-oldOscarGalkin,amathematicsgraduate,said,“IgottheresultfromthescannerthatIwouldbesuitedtoajobinIT,whichisexactlywhatIwanttodo.Idon’tknowifitisluckorifitcanreallyreadaperson’stalents,butitworkedforme.”

AndZara

Tokareva,aged20,whofeelsuncomfortableatthesightofblood,said,“IwanttobeahousedesignerbutthemachinesaidIshouldbeanurse.So,no,Idon’tthinkitisascleverasitisbeingmadeout.”

Thoughfingerprintidentificationhasbeenwidelyusedincrimediscovering,itisstillasciencethathasalotofpossibilityofbeingused,sayexperts,fromdiscoveringdrugmisusetopersonalityanalysis—exactlyashandreadershavebeensayingtodoforcenturies.“Thebasicideaisthatalthougheverybody’sfingerprintsarecompletelydifferent,thereareobviousfeaturesthatarecommononthefingersofcertainprofessionalsworkingincertainjobs,”saidresearcherRavil

Yudin.“It’snotreallyanewideabecausehandreadershavebeensayingforhundredsofyearsthatyoucantellaperson’sfuturebyreadingtheirhands.Wewanttomatchthatbylookingatfingerprintsandtryingtotellwhatcareerpathpeoplewouldchoose.”【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家們稱他們研制出了可以根據(jù)指紋預(yù)測未來職業(yè)的指紋掃描儀,本文介紹了這種掃描儀的工作原理及測試情況。5.Fromthetextweknowthatthefingerprintscanner_________.

A.matchesfingerprintstojobsB.tellspeople’scharactersC.helpscollectjobinformationD.readsindividuals’mind【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段的介紹可知,指紋掃描儀是根據(jù)指紋預(yù)測職業(yè)。6.Whatcanweinferfromthe5thand6thparagraphs?A.Thefingerprintscannerhasbeenusedinjobhunting.B.Thefingerprintscannerispopularwithyoungmen.C.Thefingerprintscannerhelpscompaniesalot.D.Thefingerprintscannerneedstobeimproved.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。第六段提到,參與測試的這個人認(rèn)為指紋掃描儀預(yù)測的職業(yè)跟她的實際情況不符,據(jù)此推知,指紋掃描儀還有待改進。7.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatRavil

Yudinsaid?A.Thefingerprintscannerisbasedonanewidea.B.Certainpeople’sfingersactuallyhavesomethingincommon.C.Tellingone’sfuturebyreadinghishandsstartedafewyearsago.D.Thetechnologyoffingerprintidentificationcanbeusedinmanyfields.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“...thereareobviousfeaturesthatarecommononthefingersofcertainprofessionalsworkingincertainjobs”可知答案。8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Totellthefutureofhandreaders.B.Toshowthefeaturesoffingerprints.C.Tointroduceatechnicalproduct.D.Tohelpjobhunters.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們研制出的據(jù)說能預(yù)測職業(yè)的指紋掃描儀。指紋掃描儀屬于科技產(chǎn)品,故C項為最佳答案。Ⅱ.完形填空

Oneautumnmorning,Ispottedapairofwildgeeseonourpond.Thebeautifulsightcaughtmeby

1

becauseI’dneverseengeesetherebefore.Thinkingtheywouldsoonleave,I

2

thechancetogetclosetothem.Iwonderedwheretheycamefromandwhytheyhadchosenourpond.

Thenextmorning,thegeesewerestillmy

3

.Iwalkedroundtothemailbox,showingthemImeantnoharm.

4

,Icouldn’tresistgettinga

5

look.Ihidbehindsometressand

6

thehandsomepairquietlythroughthebranches.Iwassurprisedtoseetheywerestaringatme,too!

Asdayspassed,Istarted

7

tothemonmytripstothemailbox.Theycraned(伸長)theirnecksandraisedtheirheads

8

,butseemedtorealizeIwastheirfriend.Bythen,mycuriosityabout

9

theywerestayingsolongatthepondchangedto

10

.Astheywerefeedinginthegrasstheotherday,Idiscoveredthereasonfortheir

11

:themalehadabrokenleftwing.Hecouldn’t

12

,andhisfaithfulmatewouldn’tleavehimbehind.

Iaskedabiologistwhattodo.Heexplainedthatsometimesa

13

wingwillhealbyitselfandsuggestedlettingnaturetakeitscourse.

OnthefirstdayofNovember,Iwasworkingintheneighborhoodofthegeesewithmytractor.AsIbenttofastenachainfromthetractor,I

14

somemovementfromthecornerofmyeye.Bothgeesewererunningtowardsthepond.Theirwingswere

15

likecrazy,strugglingfortake-off.Gradually,theyflewoverthepond.They

16

enoughaltitudetoflypastaneighbor’shouse,andthencircledbacktowardsme,flyingnomorethan50feetovermyheadasiftosaygoodbye.Thentheywereoutofmy

17

.

Theseason’sfirstsnowflakesfelltheverynextday.Thebirdsmusthave

18

thatwinterwascoming,anditwastimetogo.Ibecamefondofthemduringtheir

19

visittoourpond,andnowImissthem.I’llneverforgettheir

20

toeachother.

【文章大意】本文是自然與動物類記敘文。作者在自家的池塘里發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩只雁,它們在這里待了很久,作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),雄雁的翅膀受傷了,雌雁一直不離不棄。最后,雄雁的翅膀痊愈后,它們一起飛走了。作者感覺臨走之前它們還跟自己道別,之后作者很想念它們。1.A.accident

B.surpriseC.nature D.fortune【解析】選B。根據(jù)空后的“becauseI’dneverseengeesetherebefore”可知,作者之前從來沒在自家的池塘發(fā)現(xiàn)過雁,所以他很吃驚(surprise)。accident“事故”;nature“本質(zhì),大自然”;fortune“運氣,好運”。2.A.increased B.createdC.deserved D.valued【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文中的“Thinkingtheywouldsoonleave”可知,作者認(rèn)為它們不久就會離開,所以非常珍視(valued)接近它們的機會。increase“增加”;create“創(chuàng)造”;deserve“值得”。3.A.guests B.puzzlesC.fellows D.friends【解析】選A。第二天早上,這兩只雁仍然在作者家的池塘里,沒有離開。根據(jù)下文作者對這對雁的行為可推知,作者把它們當(dāng)作自己的“客人(guests)”,且最后一段中的visit也是提示。puzzle“謎,難題”;fellow“家伙”。4.A.Instead B.ThereforeC.Still D.Anyhow【解析】選C。上文說作者走到郵箱那里,向雁證明他無意傷害它們,接下來,作者仍然(Still)抵擋不住走近看它們(的想法)。instead“代替……,而不是……”;therefore“因此”;anyhow“無論如何,不管怎樣”。5.A.closer B.quickerC.quieter D.broader【解析】選A。參見上題解析。closer“更近的”符合語境。6.A.approached B.calmedC.observed D.protected【解析】選C。作者藏在幾棵樹的后面,透過樹枝靜靜地觀察(observed)這對漂亮的雁。approach“接近”;calm“使鎮(zhèn)定,使平靜”;protect“保護”。7.A.turning B.attendingC.driving D.talking【解析】選D。隨著時間的流逝,作者開始在去郵箱的途中跟它們說話(talking)。turn“轉(zhuǎn)”;attend“接待”;drive“駕駛”。8.A.firmly B.cautiouslyC.warmly D.proudly【解析】選B。它們伸長脖子,謹(jǐn)慎地(cautiously)抬起頭來。firmly“堅定地,牢固地”;warmly“溫暖地”;proudly“自豪地”。9.A.why B.whenC.how D.whether【解析】選A。那時候,作者對于它們?yōu)槭裁?why)在池塘里待這么久由好奇變成了擔(dān)心。10.A.sympathy B.rescueC.pleasure D.concern【解析】選D。參見上題解析。concern“擔(dān)心”符合語境。sympathy“同情”;rescue“營救”;pleasure“愉快”。11.A.companion B.visitC.settlement D.care【解析】選B。作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們拜訪(visit)這里的原因:雄雁的左翅膀受傷了。visit“參觀,拜訪”符合語境。companion“同伴,旅伴”;settlement“定居,解決”;care“關(guān)心,照顧”。12.A.recover B.surviveC.fly D.return【解析】選C。雄雁不會飛(fly)了,它忠實的配偶不愿意拋棄它。recover“恢復(fù)”;survive“幸存”;return“返回”。13.A.weak B.foldedC.broken D.flightless【解析】選C。生物學(xué)家解釋說,有時候折斷的翅膀會自愈。broken“折斷的”符合語境。14.A.held B.caughtC.directed D.made【解析】選B。當(dāng)作者彎腰去系拖拉機上的一根鏈子的時候,作者從眼角的余光里瞥見(caught)了一些變化。15.A.spreading B.sweepingC.trembling D.beating【解析】選D。(這兩只雁)拼命地拍打(beating)著翅膀,掙扎著要飛起來。spread“傳播”;sweep“掃過,沖過”;tremble“顫抖”。16.A.gained B.setC.discovered D.lost【解析】選A。它們到達(dá)(gained)了足夠的高度,飛過了一個鄰居的房子。set“放置”;discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;lose“丟失”。17.A.reach B.sightC.control D.help【解析】選B。然后,它們離開了作者的視線。outofsight“看不見,在視野之外”,為固定用法。18.A.concluded B.indicatedC.sensed D.confirmed【解析】選C。就在第二天,下了第一場雪。這兩雁肯定是意識到(sensed)冬天就要來了,它們該離開了。conclude“推斷,決定”;indicate“指示,表明”;confirm“確認(rèn),證實”。19.A.unexpected B.casualC.regular D.short【解析】選A。它們意外拜訪作者家的池塘期間,作者就喜歡上了它們,它們飛走之后,現(xiàn)在作者想念它們。unexpected“意外的,想不到的”符合語境。20.A.contribution B.promiseC.treat D.devotion【解析】選D。作者永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記它們對彼此的深愛。devotion“深愛,忠心”符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Morethan700yearsago,a17-year-oldItalianyouthfollowedhisfatheranduncleonajourneytotheEast,dreamingaboutthemysteriesofChina.Thethreeset1._________onapaththatmighthavefrightenedeventhemostambitioustravellers.TheyoungadventurerwasMarcoPolo.

Havingatalentforlanguages,MarcoPololearnedtospeakMongolianlanguageandChinese.LaterundertheordersofKublaiKhan,he2._________(travel)farandwideacrossChina.Alongtheway,hestopped3._________(record)detailednotesaboutthelocalcustoms,geographyandvaluesofthepeople,soastoreportbacktotheKhan.

MarcoPoloreturnedtoVenice24yearslater.With4._________(count)treasuresbroughtbackfromtheEast,hebecame5._________wealthymanovernight.6._________hewitnessedinChinaarousedmuchinterestamonghiscountrymen.MarcoPolo’sjourneytoChinaandthecontentsofthe7._________(vivid)writtenbook,The

Travels

of

Marco

Polo,which8._________(think)tobeafairytaleinEuropeatthetime,triggeredawaveofEuropeanin