2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Unit1ArtSectionⅠWarmingUpReading學(xué)案含解析新人教版選修6

PAGEUnit1Art你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)《蒙娜麗莎》嗎？知道它是誰(shuí)的名作嗎？讓我們一起來(lái)了解一下吧！Sheiswidelyseenasproofthatgoodlookscanlastforever.But,atover500yearsofage,timeiscatchingupwithMonaLisa.Thehealthofthefamouspicture,paintedbyLeonardodaVinci(列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇)during1503—1506,isgettingworsebytheyear,accordingtotheLouvreMuseum(盧浮宮博物館)whereitishoused.“Thethin,woodenpanel(嵌板)onwhichMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago，”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedthechangebutrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrentchemicalstate.NearlysixmillionpeoplegotoseeMonaLisaeveryyear,andmanyareattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“Itisveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather,sheseemstobesmiling,andthenyoulookatherandshestops，”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvisionisexcellentatpickingupdetails,butlesssuitedtolookatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However,theactualhistoryofMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim,untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisⅠin1168.In1911,thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvrebyaformeremployee,whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarⅡ，F(xiàn)renchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies,MonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列各題。1．TheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmeansMonaLisa________.A．islosingitsvalueB．isbeingdamagedaftersomanyyearsC．isgettingmorevaluablewithyearspassingD．willnotrotaway答案：B2．Itmayaddtodifficultyinrepairingthepaintingbecause________.A．expertshaven'tnoticedchangesinitsshapeasvisitorsdoB．itislikelytobestolenagainwhenit'sunderrepairC．itisuncertainwhichcountry,ItalyorFrance,shouldtakechargeD．expertsaren'tsureaboutthematerialsandthechemicalstateofitsoilpaints答案：D3．Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat________.A．manyinterestingstorieshavebeenwrittenaboutMonaLisaB．peopleareinterestedinthestoriesaboutMonaLisaC．somemysteriesstillremaintobesolvedaboutMonaLisaD．manymorestorieswillbetoldaboutMonaLisa答案：C4．HowcanweseethesmileofMonaLisa?We_can_see_the_smile_of_Mona_Lisa_only_by_indirect_vision.Unit1ArtSectionⅠWarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的2．a(chǎn)ttemptn．努力；嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖3．a(chǎn)bstractadj.抽象的；深邃的n．摘要4．ridiculousadj.荒謬的；可笑的5．techniquen．技術(shù)；方法；技能6．faithn．信任；信念；信念→faithfuladj.忠實(shí)的→faithfullyadv.忠實(shí)地7．a(chǎn)imn．目標(biāo)；目的vi.&vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力→aimlessadj.沒(méi)目標(biāo)的8．evidentadj.明顯的；明白的→evidencen．證據(jù)9．a(chǎn)doptvt.接受；接受；收養(yǎng)→adoptionn．收養(yǎng)10．possessvt.擁有；具有；支配→possessionn．財(cái)產(chǎn)11．coincidencen．巧合；巧事；同時(shí)發(fā)生→coincidentadj.同時(shí)發(fā)生的；(時(shí)間上)巧合的；相符的；一樣的12．predictvt.預(yù)言；預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)料→predictionn．預(yù)言Ⅱ.核心短語(yǔ)1．by_coincidence偶然地2．a(chǎn)_great_deal大量3．on_the_other_hand另一方面4．concentrateon集中精力于……5．breakawayfrom逃脫；擺脫；脫離6．leadto導(dǎo)致；通向；通往Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．Butit_was_evident_thatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.但是很明顯，在13世紀(jì)時(shí)，(人們的)思想正經(jīng)驗(yàn)著改變，像喬托這樣的畫(huà)家們起先以一種比較現(xiàn)實(shí)的風(fēng)格來(lái)描繪宗教場(chǎng)景。2．Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesandpossessionsas_well_astheiractivitiesandachievements.他們出價(jià)聘請(qǐng)聞名的藝術(shù)家來(lái)為他們畫(huà)像，畫(huà)他們的房屋和財(cái)物，以及活動(dòng)和成就。3．Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewould_not_be_able_to_seethemanygreatmasterpiecesfor_whichthisperiodisfamous.沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法，我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)期聞名的杰作。4．Among_the_painterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingwere_the_Impressionists,_wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫(huà)法的畫(huà)家中有在法國(guó)巴黎生活和工作的印象派畫(huà)家。5．TheImpressionistswerethe_first_painters_to_workoutdoors.印象派畫(huà)家是第一批在室外寫(xiě)生的畫(huà)家。6．Atthetimetheywerecreated,theImpressionistpaintingswerecontroversial,buttodaytheyareacceptedas_the_beginning_of_what_we_call_“modern_art”．在印象派作品的創(chuàng)建初期，它們是存在爭(zhēng)議的。但是如今已被人們接受而成為現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”的始祖了。1.聯(lián)想記單詞①抽象的(abstract)畫(huà)吸引(attract)了很多人駐足觀看→abstractadj.抽象的；深邃的②她改編(adapt)的劇本被接受了(adopt)→adoptvt.接受；接受；收養(yǎng)2．構(gòu)詞法記單詞①faith(n.)＋-ful(形容詞后綴)→faithfuladj.②typical(adj.)＋-ly(副詞后綴)→typicallyadv.③名詞后綴：-ionadopt(v.)＋-ion→adoptionn.possess(v.)＋-ion→possessionn.predict(v.)＋-ion→predictionn.課文預(yù)讀ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGArtisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaith①ofapeople.StylesinWesternarthavechangedmanytimes.AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart②，itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext.Consequently③，thistextwilldescribeonlythemostimportantones,startingfromthesixthcenturyAD④.TheMiddleAges⑤(5thtothe15thcenturyAD)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaim⑥ofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.Aconventional⑦artistofthisperiodwasnotinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleastheyreallywere.Atypical⑧pictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.Butitwasevident⑨t(yī)hatideaswerechanginginthe13thcentury⑩whenpainterslikeGiottodiBondone?begantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.①faith/feIθ/n.信任；信念；信念faithfully/?feIθf(wàn)?lI/adv.忠實(shí)地②as引導(dǎo)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句。③consequently/?k?nsIkw?ntlI/adv.因而；所以④現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)startingfrom...在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾ones。⑤theMiddleAges中世紀(jì)⑥aim/eIm/n.目標(biāo)；目的vi.&vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力⑦conventional/k?n?ven??nl/adj.常規(guī)的；傳統(tǒng)的；因循守舊的⑧typical/?tIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的⑨evident/?evId?nt/adj.明顯的；明白的⑩Itis/wasevidentthat...“明顯……”，it為形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。?GiottodiBondone/?d??t??dI?b?nd?n/喬托(意大利畫(huà)家、雕刻家、建筑師)西方繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)簡(jiǎn)史藝術(shù)受一個(gè)民族的生活習(xí)俗和信仰的影響。西方的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格經(jīng)驗(yàn)了多次變革。由于西方的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格多種多樣，在短短的一篇課文里不行能去全面地描述它們。因此，本文只談及從公元6世紀(jì)以來(lái)最主要的幾種(藝術(shù)風(fēng)格)。中世紀(jì)(公元5世紀(jì)到15世紀(jì))在中世紀(jì)，畫(huà)家的主要目的是表現(xiàn)宗教主題。這個(gè)時(shí)期傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)家無(wú)意于照實(shí)地呈現(xiàn)自然和人物。這個(gè)時(shí)期的典型的繪畫(huà)充溢了宗教的特征，這體現(xiàn)了對(duì)上帝的敬重與愛(ài)戴之情。但是，很明顯在13世紀(jì)時(shí)，(人們的)思想正經(jīng)驗(yàn)著改變，像喬托這樣的畫(huà)家們起先用一種比較現(xiàn)實(shí)的風(fēng)格來(lái)畫(huà)宗教場(chǎng)景。TheRenaissance?(15thto16thcentury)DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadopt?amorehumanistic?attitudetolife.AtthesametimepaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Richpeoplewantedtopossess?theirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperb?palacesandgreathouses.Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesandpossessions?aswellas?theiractivitiesandachievements.?renaissance/rI?neIsns；US?ren?sɑ?ns/n.新生；復(fù)興；復(fù)活theRenaissance文藝復(fù)興(時(shí)期)?adopt/??d?pt/vt.接受；接受；收養(yǎng)?humanistic/?hju?m??nIstIk/adj.人道主義的?possess/p??zes/vt.擁有；具有；支配?superb/su??p??b；sju??p??b/adj.卓越的；杰出的；極好的?possession/p??ze?n/n.(尤作復(fù)數(shù))全部；財(cái)產(chǎn)?aswellas既……又……；也(連接兩個(gè)并列成分)?perspective/p??spektIv/n.透視畫(huà)法；透視圖；觀點(diǎn)?technique/tek?ni?k/n.技術(shù)；方法；技能eq\o(○,\s\up4(21))Masaccio/m??sɑ?t?I??/馬薩喬(意大利畫(huà)家)eq\o(○,\s\up4(22))Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeen...是含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的復(fù)合句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的狀況。eq\o(○,\s\up4(23))coincidence/k???InsId?ns/n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合bycoincidence巧合地eq\o(○,\s\up4(24))masterpiece/?mɑ?st?pi?s/n.杰作；名著eq\o(○,\s\up4(25))這里without引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)表述非真實(shí)條件，整個(gè)句子叫含蓄虛擬條件句。forwhich...是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期(15世紀(jì)到16世紀(jì))在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，新的思想和價(jià)值觀漸漸取代了中世紀(jì)提出的那些。人們起先較少關(guān)注宗教主題而且實(shí)行一種更人性化的生活看法。同時(shí)畫(huà)家們回到了羅馬、希臘的古典藝術(shù)理念上。他們力爭(zhēng)照實(shí)地畫(huà)出人物和自然。富人們想擁有自己的藝術(shù)品以便裝飾他們的高級(jí)宮殿和豪宅。他們出價(jià)聘請(qǐng)聞名藝術(shù)家來(lái)為他們畫(huà)像，畫(huà)他們的房屋和財(cái)物，以及活動(dòng)和成就。在此期間，最重要的發(fā)覺(jué)之一就是如何用透視法來(lái)畫(huà)出事物。這一手法是1428年由馬薩喬第一次運(yùn)用的。當(dāng)人們第一次看到他的畫(huà)時(shí)，他們還以為是透過(guò)墻上的小洞來(lái)觀看真實(shí)的場(chǎng)景，并對(duì)此深信不疑。假如沒(méi)有發(fā)覺(jué)透視法，就沒(méi)有人能畫(huà)出如此逼真的畫(huà)。巧合的是，這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展，使得繪畫(huà)中運(yùn)用的色調(diào)看上去更豐富、更深厚。沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法，我們就不能夠看到很多使這一時(shí)期聞名的杰作。eq\o(○,\s\up4(26))impressionism/Im?pre??nIz?m/n.印象主義；印象派impressionist/Im?pre??nIst/adj.印象派的n．印象派藝術(shù)家post-impressionistadj.后印象派的n．后印象派藝術(shù)家eq\o(○,\s\up4(27))agreatdeal大量eq\o(○,\s\up4(28))breakawayfrom脫離eq\o(○,\s\up4(29))介詞短語(yǔ)Amongthepainters位于句首，句子用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。eq\o(○,\s\up4(30))動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)toworkoutdoors作定語(yǔ)，修飾thefirstpainters。當(dāng)中心詞被thefirst/last等修飾時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)。eq\o(○,\s\up4(31))shadow/???d??/n.陰影；影子eq\o(○,\s\up4(32))句子Theirpaintingswere...中包含notas...as句式，表示“不如……”，those指代前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞paintings。eq\o(○,\s\up4(33))ridiculous/rI?dIkj?l?s/adj.荒謬的；可笑的印象派時(shí)期(19世紀(jì)后期到20世紀(jì)初期)19世紀(jì)后期，歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的改變，從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會(huì)變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會(huì)。很多人從農(nóng)村遷到了新城市。該時(shí)期有很多新獨(dú)創(chuàng)和社會(huì)變革。這些變革也自然而然地促成了新的繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格。在那些突破傳統(tǒng)繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格的畫(huà)家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派畫(huà)家。印象派畫(huà)家是第一批室外寫(xiě)生的畫(huà)家。他們急迫地想把一天中不同時(shí)間投射到物體上的光線(xiàn)和陰影呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。然而由于自然光的改變很快，印象派畫(huà)家們必需很快地作畫(huà)，他們的畫(huà)就不像以前那些畫(huà)家們的畫(huà)那樣細(xì)致了。起初，很多人都不喜愛(ài)這種畫(huà)法，甚至還怒不行遏。他們說(shuō)這些畫(huà)家漫不經(jīng)心、粗枝大葉，而且他們的作品是荒謬可笑的。eq\o(○,\s\up4(34))controversial/?k?ntr??v???l/adj.爭(zhēng)辯的；爭(zhēng)議的eq\o(○,\s\up4(35))what引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。whatwecall譯為“我們所說(shuō)的；所謂的”。eq\o(○,\s\up4(36))Thisisbecause...這是因?yàn)椤?because后跟緣由)Thisiswhy...這就是為什么……(why后跟結(jié)果)eq\o(○,\s\up4(37))attempt/??tempt/n.努力；嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖eq\o(○,\s\up4(38))ontheotherhand(可是)另一方面eq\o(○,\s\up4(39))so...that“如此……以至于”，在此引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。eq\o(○,\s\up4(40))predict/prI?dIkt/vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)料現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)(20世紀(jì)至今)在印象派作品的創(chuàng)建初期，它們是存在爭(zhēng)議的。但是如今它們已被人們接受而成為我們所說(shuō)的“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”的始祖了。這是因?yàn)橛∠笈僧?huà)家激勵(lì)藝術(shù)家用嶄新的方式去看待他們的環(huán)境。現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)風(fēng)格有好幾十種，然而假如沒(méi)有印象派畫(huà)家，那么這很多不同的風(fēng)格或許就不存在。一方面，有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的，也就是說(shuō)，畫(huà)家并不準(zhǔn)備把我們眼睛看到的東西照實(shí)地畫(huà)出來(lái)，而是集中呈現(xiàn)物體的某些品質(zhì)特性，用色調(diào)、線(xiàn)條和形態(tài)把它們呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。(而)另一方面，有些現(xiàn)代派的藝術(shù)作品卻是那么寫(xiě)實(shí)，它們看上去就像是照片。這些風(fēng)格如此不同。誰(shuí)能預(yù)言將來(lái)會(huì)有什么樣的繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)風(fēng)格呢？課文理解TaskOne：FastReadingⅠ.ThetextismainlyaboutashorthistoryofWesternpainting/howWesternartdeveloped/abriefintroductionofWesternpainting.Ⅱ.ReadthepassagetofindorconcludeatopicsentenceforeachperiodofWesternpainting.1．TheMiddleAges:During_the_Middle_Ages,_the_main_aim_of_painters_was_to_represent_religious_themes.2．TheRenaissance:During_the_Renaissance,_new_ideas_and_values_gradually_replaced_those_held_in_the_Middle_Ages.3．Impressionism:During_Impressionism,_the_Impressionists_broke_away_from_the_traditional_style_of_painting_and_they_were_the_first_painters_to_work_outdoors.4．ModernArt:At_the_time_they_were_created,_the_Impressionist_paintings_were_controversial,_but_today_they_are_accepted_as_the_beginning_of_what_we_call_“modern_art”．TaskTwo：CarefulReadingⅠ.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．AtraditionalartistintheMiddleAgeswasinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleoriginally.(F)2．IntheMiddleAgesmostpaintingshadreligiousthemes.(T)3．TwoimportantdiscoveriesintheRenaissanceperiodwereoilpaintsanddrawinginperspective.(T)4．Impressionistspaintedtheirpicturesmainlyindoors.(F)5．ModernartbeganwiththeImpressionistpaintings.(T)Ⅱ.Readthetextandthenchoosethebestanswers.1．AtfirstmostpeoplehatedtheImpressionists'styleofpainting,because________.A．theirpaintingswereveryabstractB．theirpaintingswereveryrealisticC．theybrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingD．theirpaintingswereveryreal答案：C2．IntheRenaissance,painters________.A．paintedreligiousscenesinamorerealisticstyleB．focusedmoreonreligionthanonhumansC．begantopaintoutdoorsD．returnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart答案：D3．________discoveredhowtomakepaintingslookmorerealbyusingperspective.A．GiottodiBondoneB．MasaccioC．ClaudeMonetD．PabloPicasso答案：B4．Accordingtothepassage,artisinfluencedlesslikelyby________.A．a(chǎn)gricultureB．faithofapeopleC．socialchangesD．thecustoms答案：ATaskThree：Micro-writingArtisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.StylesinWesternarthavechangedalot.During__1__MiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresent__2__(religion)themes.Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechangingwhenpaintersbegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.PeopleintheRenaissance__3__(adopt)amorehumanisticattitudetolife.Duringthisperiod,richpeoplepaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesand__4__(possess)aswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.__5__coincidence,oilpaintswerealsodeveloped.Inthelate19thcentury,theImpressionists__6__paintingswerethoughtridiculoushadtopaint__7__(quick)toshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjectsatdifferenttimesofday.Today,they__8__(accept)asthebeginningofmodernart.Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract,__9__ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartare__10__(real).Itishard/noteasytopredictthepaintingstylesinthefuture.1．the2.religious3.adopted4.possessions5.By6．whose7.quickly8.are_accepted9.but10.realistic1eq\a\vs4\al(faithn.信任；信念)(教材P1)Artisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.藝術(shù)受一個(gè)民族的生活習(xí)俗和信仰的影響。(1)havefaithinsb./sth.對(duì)某人/某事有信念losefaithin不再信任；對(duì)……失去信念keepfaithwith忠于；守信(2)faithfuladj.忠實(shí)的befaithfultosb./sth.忠實(shí)于某人/某事(3)faithfullyadv.忠實(shí)地[即學(xué)即用](1)Onlythepersonwhohasfaithinhimselfisabletobefaithfultoothers.只有信任自己的人才能對(duì)別人忠實(shí)。(2)Youcannotexpectyourfriendstotrustyouifyoudon'tkeepfaithwiththem.假如你對(duì)摯友不守信義，你就不要希望他們會(huì)信任你。(3)Undernocircumstancesshallwelosefaithinthefuture.在任何狀況下，我們都不該對(duì)將來(lái)失去信念。(4)Weareinthefaceofdifficulties,yetwestillhave_faith_invictory.雖然面臨很多困難，但我們對(duì)成功仍充溢信念。(5)語(yǔ)法填空①Theoldnursehadservedthefamilyfaithfully(faith)forthirtyyears.②Doyouthinkthefilmadaptationwasfaithfultothebook?③Thepublicneverhadfaithinhisabilitytohandlethejob.2eq\a\vs4\al(aimn.目標(biāo)；目的v.瞄準(zhǔn)；向某方向努力)(教材P2)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.在中世紀(jì)，畫(huà)家的主要目標(biāo)是把宗教的主題表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。(1)achieveone'saim某人達(dá)到目的；某人實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)takeaimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)withtheaimof以……為目標(biāo)；意在……withoutaim漫無(wú)目的地(2)aimsth.atsb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄準(zhǔn)某人或某物aimatdoingsth./aimtodosth.意欲、企圖、力爭(zhēng)做某事beaimedat目的是；旨在(3)aimlessadj.沒(méi)有目標(biāo)的aimlesslyadv.無(wú)目的地[即學(xué)即用](1)Thisdictionaryaimsatexplainingthemostcommonmistakesinworduse.本詞典旨在說(shuō)明用詞上最易犯的通病。(2)Thepresident'svisitwasaimedatexpandingrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.總統(tǒng)這次訪(fǎng)問(wèn)的目的是擴(kuò)展兩國(guó)的關(guān)系。(3)Thecompetitionwasstartedwiththeaimofencouragingyoungwriters.我們開(kāi)展此項(xiàng)競(jìng)賽以激勵(lì)年輕作家為目的。(4)Everybodyshouldbegiventhechanceto_achieve_his_aim.要讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。(5)語(yǔ)法填空①Whileshewaited,shewalkedaimlessly(aim)aroundthecarpark.②Theproposalputforwardatthemeetingwasaimed(aim)atcuttingdownthehighhousingprice.3eq\a\vs4\al(typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的)(教材P2)Atypicalpictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.這個(gè)時(shí)期的典型繪畫(huà)充溢了宗教的特征，這體現(xiàn)了對(duì)上帝的敬重與愛(ài)戴。(1)betypicalof是典型的……，是……特有的Itistypicalofsb.todosth.做某事是某人典型的特征(2)typicallyadv.典型地，有代表性地；獨(dú)特地[即學(xué)即用](1)Thispictureisafairlytypicaloneofhisearlyworks.這幅畫(huà)是他早期作品中相當(dāng)?shù)湫偷拇碜鳌?2)Jackislateagain.Itistypicalofhimtokeepotherswaiting.杰克又遲到了。他一貫讓別人等他。(3)Typically,hewouldcomeinlateandthensaythathehadtogoearly.他一一直得很晚，然后又總說(shuō)他得早走。(4)It_is_typical_of_studentstostayupreadingdeepintothenightforthefinalexam.為了期末考試學(xué)生們總是熬夜讀書(shū)直到深夜。4eq\a\vs4\al(adoptvt.接受；接受；收養(yǎng))(教材P2)Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.人們起先較少關(guān)注宗教主題而實(shí)行一種更人性化的生活看法。(1)adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的(2)adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；接受(3)adoptiveadj.有收養(yǎng)關(guān)系的[易混辨析]adopt與adaptadoptvt.接受；接受；收養(yǎng)adaptvt.改編；使適應(yīng)adaptto適應(yīng)adaptoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)……[巧學(xué)助記](méi)Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths,thechildcametoadapttohisnewlife.這對(duì)年輕夫婦沒(méi)有親生的孩子，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了一名孤兒。幾個(gè)月后，這個(gè)孩子慢慢適應(yīng)了他的新生活。[即學(xué)即用](1)Thinkingitover,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.總經(jīng)理一再考慮之后，確定接受她的建議。(2)Withouttheadoptionofyourideas,theywouldhavesufferedsuchaheavyloss.要是沒(méi)有接受你的看法，他們就會(huì)蒙受重大損失。(3)語(yǔ)法填空①Someexpertshavesuspectedthattheadoption(adopt)ofamoreWesterndietmaybeatleastpartlytoblame.②Helosthisparentsattheageofthreeandwas_adopted(adopt)byhisuncle.③Thisnewpolicyadopted(adopt)bythegovernmentbenefitsalotofhighschoolgraduatesandthereforethecountryaswell.5eq\a\vs4\al(possessvt.擁有；具有；支配不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))(教材P2)Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.富人們想擁有自己的畫(huà)以便裝飾自己的高級(jí)宮殿和豪宅。(1)bepossessedof有，擁有，具有bepossessedwith/by被……限制(2)possessionn.[C，常用復(fù)數(shù)]全部物；個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)；[U]具有；擁有takepossessionof擁有；占據(jù)inpossessionofsth.占有/擁有某物inthepossessionofsb.＝insb.'spossession為某人全部[即學(xué)即用](1)Thatyoungmandoespossessasenseofhumour.那個(gè)年輕人的確很有幽默感。(2)Althoughsheisanewcomer,sheispossessedofgreatself-confidenceinherpresentjob.盡管她是一個(gè)新手，可她對(duì)自己目前的工作很有信念。(3)Theyarestillinpossessionofthehouse,sowehavetowaitforanothertime.他們依舊擁有房子的全部權(quán)，所以我們還得等待一段時(shí)間。(4)Thefactoryisin_the_possession_ofoneofmyfriends,whomovedtoAustraliaseveralyearsago.這家工廠是屬于我一個(gè)摯友的，幾年前他搬到澳大利亞去了。(5)語(yǔ)法填空①Asthesayinggoes,“Atruefriendisthebestpossession(possess)．”②Thepolicefoundalotofvaluablesinhispossessionwhichhecouldnotaccountfor.③Althoughhedoesn'tpossessmuchmoney,heis_possessed(possess)ofgoodhealth.6eq\a\vs4\al(attemptvt.&n.嘗試；企圖)(教材P3)Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes,butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject,usingcolour,lineandshapetorepresentthem.一方面，有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的，也就是說(shuō)，畫(huà)家并不準(zhǔn)備把我們眼睛看到的東西照實(shí)地畫(huà)出來(lái)，而是集中呈現(xiàn)物體的某些品質(zhì)特性，用色調(diào)、線(xiàn)條和形態(tài)把它們呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。(1)attempttodosth./attemptatdoingsth.試圖做某事(2)makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試inan/one'sattempttodosth.力圖/試圖做某事(3)attemptedadj.未遂的；企圖的[即學(xué)即用](1)Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.囚犯企圖逃跑，但是失敗了。(2)Thefirefightersattemptedtoputoutthegreatfirebeforegreatdamagewascaused.消防隊(duì)員試圖在大火造成大的損失前把火撲滅。(3)Althoughthepolicehadwarnedthemofthedangerintheancientcave,theseyoungmenstillmadeanattempttoexploreit.盡管警方已經(jīng)警告他們這個(gè)古代洞窟里有危急，這些年輕人仍嘗試勘探古洞。(4)Theplanewasmakingasecondattemptatlandingwhenitwentdownandbrokeintwo.這架飛機(jī)正其次次嘗試著陸，這時(shí)它突然下落并斷成了兩截。(5)Luckily,Ipassedmydrivingtestat_the_first_attempt.很幸運(yùn)，我考駕照時(shí)一次就通過(guò)了。(6)語(yǔ)法填空①Theboysmadeanattemptto_leave(leave)forcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.②Policesaythey'retreatingitasacaseofattempted(attempt)murder.7eq\a\vs4\al(predictvt.預(yù)言；預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)料)(教材P3)Whocanpredictwhatpaintingstylestherewillbeinthefuture?誰(shuí)能預(yù)言將來(lái)會(huì)有什么樣的繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)風(fēng)格呢？(1)Itispredictedthat...據(jù)預(yù)報(bào)……(2)predictionn.預(yù)言，預(yù)料makeapredictionthat...預(yù)言，預(yù)報(bào)(3)predictorn.預(yù)報(bào)器；預(yù)言家predictableadj.可預(yù)言的，可預(yù)料的[巧學(xué)助記](méi)Thepredictorconfidentlypredictedthattheearthquakewaspredictable.Infact,predictionisnotalwaysaccurate.那位預(yù)言者自信地預(yù)言地震是可以預(yù)料的。事實(shí)上，預(yù)言并非總是精確的。[即學(xué)即用](1)Today'sweatherforecastpredictssunshinetomorrow.今日的天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)，明每天氣晴朗。(2)Itispredictedthatastormisontheway.據(jù)預(yù)報(bào)，一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨即將來(lái)臨。(3)Everyyearataboutthistime,thecompanymakesapredictionfortheyearahead.每年大約這個(gè)時(shí)候，公司都會(huì)對(duì)來(lái)年進(jìn)行預(yù)料。(4)語(yǔ)法填空①Theobservermadeapredictionthattheseveresituationwouldlastatleastamonth.②Mostofusthinktheendingofthefilmisentirelypredictable(predict)accordingtothenovelofthesamename.③Sofar,bythismeans,twomajorearthquakeshave_been_predicted(predict)．1eq\a\vs4\al(bycoincidence巧合地；碰巧，湊巧)(教材P2)Bycoincidence,oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime,whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.巧合的是，這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展，它使得繪畫(huà)的色調(diào)看上去更豐富、更深厚。(1)Itis/wasacoincidencethat...……是巧合。Whatacoincidence!真巧！(2)byaccident巧合，偶然bychance巧合，偶然[即學(xué)即用](1)Bycoincidence,hiswifeisoneofmyclassmatesincollege.巧合的是，他的妻子是我的一個(gè)高校同學(xué)。(2)Itisacoincidencethathewasbornonhismother'sbirthday.他在他母親生日那天誕生是個(gè)巧合。(3)Whatacoincidence!Becausethat'stoday.實(shí)在是太巧了！因?yàn)槟蔷褪墙袢铡?4)Itwasnot_a_coincidence_thatyoumeteachotherinLijiang.Hewentthereafterknowingyouwentthere.你們?cè)邴惤嘤霾皇鞘裁辞珊系氖?。他得知你去了那兒后就去了那兒?5)—I'mgoingtoNewYorktomorrow.—What_a_coincidence!I'mgoingtheretoo.——明天我要去紐約。——太巧了！我也要去。2eq\a\vs4\al(agreatdeal很多，大量；很，特別)(教材P2)Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdeal,fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.19世紀(jì)后期，歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的改變，從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會(huì)變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會(huì)。[歸納拓展](1)agreatdeal(＝agooddeal;alot)用法如下：①“大量”，可用作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等；②“很，特別”，可用作句子的狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞或比較級(jí)。(2)agreatdealof后接不行數(shù)名詞，表示“很多……，大量……”。[即學(xué)即用](1)Allofushavelearnedagreatdealfromthatfamousexpert.從那位聞名的專(zhuān)家身上，我們?nèi)咳硕紝W(xué)到了很多。(2)Jacklefthisoffice,leavingagreatdealofworkunfinished.杰克離開(kāi)了他的辦公室，留下了大量沒(méi)有完成的工作。(3)Muchtooursurprise,wefoundourhometownhadchangedagreatdealinthepasttenyears.令我們特別驚異的是，我們發(fā)覺(jué)在過(guò)去的十年里我們的家鄉(xiāng)改變太大了。(4)語(yǔ)法填空①Thereisnodenyingthatagreatdealofpollutionis_caused(cause)bycars.②It'sagreatdealfaster(fast)totravelbyplanethanbybus.3eq\a\vs4\al(ontheotherhand可是另一方面)(教材P3)Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.另一方面，一些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品太真實(shí)了以至于它們看起來(lái)就像照片一樣。ontheonehand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……，另一方面……foronething...;foranother...一來(lái)……，二來(lái)……(常被用來(lái)列舉一些理由)first(ly)．..;second(ly)．..第一……，其次……[歸納拓展]ontheotherhand常用作插入語(yǔ)，表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比，常構(gòu)成“ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一方面……另一方面……”。[易混辨析]ontheotherhand與onthecontrary易混詞組辨析例句ontheotherhand“另一方面”，用以說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的另一方面Thejobisn'tveryinteresting,butontheotherhandit'swellpaid.onthecontrary“正相反”，用來(lái)提出相反的一種狀況Thatwasnotagoodthing;onthecontrary,itwasabigmistake.[即學(xué)即用](1)Ontheonehand,they'dlovetohavekids,butontheotherhand,theydon'twanttogiveuptheirfreedom.一方面他們想要孩子，但是另一方面，他們又不想放棄逍遙自由的生活。(2)Ican'tgoforatripabroad.Foronething,Idon'thaveenoughmoney;foranotherI'mtoobusy.我不能出國(guó)旅行。一方面，我沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)，另一方面，我太忙了。(3)Heisanableman,buton_the_other_handheistooproud.他是一個(gè)有實(shí)力的人，但另一方面，他太自負(fù)了。(4)On_the_one_hand,_youshouldn'tbeshy;on_the_other_hand，youmustpayattentiontoyourmanner.一方面，你不應(yīng)當(dāng)羞澀，另一方面，你必需留意你的舉止。(5)On_the_one_hand,_softwordsspokenatanormalsoundlevelcanputoutthefirebeforeitexplodesoutofcontrol.一方面，用正常的聲調(diào)說(shuō)出柔軟的話(huà)語(yǔ)能夠在失去限制之前熄滅(雙方的)怒火。eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格的畫(huà)家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派畫(huà)家。本句為介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)引起的完全倒裝句式，正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)門(mén)heImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis,wereamongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting.(1)out,in,into,down,up,away,here,now,then,there等表示方位和時(shí)間的副詞和表示地點(diǎn)的介詞或短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝。①I(mǎi)ntothedarkapartmentwalkedDavid,whowasquitesurprisedwheneveryoneshoutedHappyBirthday.大衛(wèi)走進(jìn)了黑暗的房間，當(dāng)大家喊生日歡樂(lè)時(shí)，他感到很驚異。②Foramomentnothinghappened.Thencame_voicesallshoutingtogether.有一段時(shí)間什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生，然后傳來(lái)了齊聲喊叫。③Amongalltheseflowersis_included(include)akindofredrose,whichwasgivenbymyfriend.在這些花中，包含一種紅色玫瑰花，那是我摯友給的。[名師點(diǎn)津]若主語(yǔ)是代詞，則不用倒裝。④Outherushedonhearingthenoise.他一聽(tīng)到響聲就跑了出去。(2)作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、分詞短語(yǔ)提到系動(dòng)詞前面時(shí)，句子也構(gòu)成完全倒裝，即“形容詞/分詞＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。⑤Presentattheeveningpartywas_our_favorable_English_teacher.出席晚會(huì)的有我們喜愛(ài)的英語(yǔ)老師。(3)代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝。⑥Such_is_our_lively_city,_whichyouarewelcometovisitwheneveratyourconvenience.這就是我們這座充溢活力的城市，只要您便利，隨時(shí)歡迎來(lái)參觀。eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())ThisisbecausetheImpressionistsencouraged