unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講精練2022-2023學(xué)年英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)（人教新目標(biāo)版）

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks一、cheerv.使振奮；使高興起來(lái)1.Cheers意為“祝福,健康,干杯”。2.詞組cheerup是“振作；振奮人心”的意思。例句:HecheeredupatoncewhenIpromisedtohelphim.當(dāng)我許諾幫助他的時(shí)候,他馬上振作起來(lái)。3.cheeringadj.“令人振奮的,鼓舞人心的”例句：That’scheering（cheerful）news.那是鼓舞人心的消息。二、volunteerv.志愿n.志愿者volunteertodosth.志愿做某事三、noticev.注意到；認(rèn)識(shí)到n.通知；通告；注意noticesb.dosth.注意到某人做了某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人正在做某事四、raisev.募集；征集；舉起；提高；飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育raisemoneyfor...“為......籌款”五、openv.打開(kāi)adj.開(kāi)著的Closev.關(guān)閉closedadj.關(guān)著的六、trainv.訓(xùn)練n.火車(chē)trainingn.訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)trainsb.todosth.訓(xùn)練某人做某事trainsb.insth.在某方面訓(xùn)練某人七、understand—understood—understoodv.理解misunderstandv.誤解understandingadj.善解人意的八、Missn.女士；小姐missv.想念；錯(cuò)過(guò)九、satisfactionn.滿意satisfyv.使?jié)M意satisfiedsdj.滿意的besatisfiedwith對(duì)…滿意十、joyn.高興Joyfuladj.高興的toone‘sjoy令某人高興的是十一、ownv.擁有adj.自己的—ownern.物主、主人十二、【辨析】journey和tripjourney：（尤指長(zhǎng)途旅行）trip：（短途旅行）【短語(yǔ)】goonajourney進(jìn)行一次旅行十三、ness名詞后綴1、goodnessn.善良2、kindnessn.善良3、happinessn.開(kāi)心；幸福4、illnessn.疾病5、sadnessn.傷心；難過(guò)十四、difficultyn.困難；難題havedifficulty（in）doingsth.做某事有困難十五、【解析】alone/lonely辨析：(1)alone=byoneselfadj.單獨(dú)的，指無(wú)人陪伴的客觀事實(shí)，不帶感情色彩。Heoftenwalksalonetohome.(2)lonely①指人孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀感受；②也可指某個(gè)地方是荒涼的十六、【解析】such與so的區(qū)別1、such 形容詞；修飾名詞 用法：sucha/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)no/any/some/all/many等+such+名詞such+除many/few之外的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)such+除much/little之外的形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞2、so 程度副詞 修飾形容詞或副詞 用法：so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞十七、homen家→homelessadj.無(wú)家可歸的【同類(lèi)記憶】careless粗心的hopeless沒(méi)有希望的helpless無(wú)助的useless沒(méi)有用的十八、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成及用法1、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中起動(dòng)詞作用，作謂語(yǔ)。其基本構(gòu)成有下列幾種：（1）動(dòng)詞＋副詞，如blackout;（2）動(dòng)詞＋介詞，如lookinto;（3）動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞，如lookforwardto。2、本課出現(xiàn)的“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)有：compupwith想出；制造 putup懸掛；張貼；舉起putoff推遲；拖延 handout懸掛writedown寫(xiě)下 callup打電話給……cheerup讓某人開(kāi)心 setup建立giveaway分派 hangout掛出giveup放棄 tryon試穿【注意】在“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果后面的賓語(yǔ)是代詞，代詞應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞和副詞的中間。如tryiton,putthemup,putitoff,cheerhimup等。十九、動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式是一種活躍的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它在句子可起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用，可在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式的形式是“to+動(dòng)詞原形”，但to有時(shí)要省略。動(dòng)詞不定式在具體運(yùn)用時(shí)，用不用to，取決于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。1.帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（1）能直接跟帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞主要有：want,ask,tell,hope,learn,try,decide,forget,remember,like,love,stop等。例句:Shelikestoplaythepiano.(2)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即nottodosth.。例句：JimtoldmenottowakeupKate.2.不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（1）在固定詞組hadbetter之后。注意：hadbetterdosth.的否定形式是hadbetternotdosth.。(2)在let,make,see,feel,watch,hear等感官或使役動(dòng)詞后，要跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(3)在引導(dǎo)疑問(wèn)句的whynot之后?！癢hynot+不帶to的不定式”是Whydon’tyoudo…的省略，可以用來(lái)提出建議或勸告。Whynottakeaholiday?=Whydon’tyoutakeaholiday?3.句法功能（1）動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)例句：Tomasteralanguageisnotaneasything.【注意】動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可以放在后面，而用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在原主語(yǔ)的位置上。例句：It’snecessarytofindthewitness.（2）動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。例句：Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.（3）動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)有的及物動(dòng)詞要求跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（即賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）。如果其中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)，則必須將形式賓語(yǔ)it放在賓語(yǔ)的位置上，而將不定式短語(yǔ)（真正的賓語(yǔ)）放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前。例句：IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.（4）動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式用法的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要注意以下三種情況：A.作動(dòng)詞ask,like,tell等的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to不可以省略。例句：HeaskedmetotalkaboutEnglishstudy.B.作使役動(dòng)詞let,have,make以及感官動(dòng)詞feel,hear,see,watch等的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to要省略。例句：Theteachermadehimsaythewordlikethis.C.作動(dòng)詞help的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to可以帶，也可以不帶。例句:Couldyouhelpme(to)carrytheheavybox?(5)動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式及其短語(yǔ)具有副詞的特性，可在句中用作狀語(yǔ)。放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例句：Hestoppedtohavearest.（6）跟在作表語(yǔ)的形容詞或過(guò)去分詞的后面。例句:I’msorrytohearthat,4.用在too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)中。例句：Heistooyoungtounderstandallthat.5.疑問(wèn)詞+不定式二十、carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顧二十一、動(dòng)詞+up的短語(yǔ)pickup拾起tieup捆緊breakup分裂，打碎chewup嚼碎tearup撕碎putup立起，建造wakeup醒來(lái)standup起立giveup放棄，投降giveup放棄stayup熬夜callup給…打電話endup=finish結(jié)束，完成cheerup使振奮，使開(kāi)心cleanup打掃，清理openup打開(kāi)，開(kāi)拓（視野）cutup切碎makeup化妝；編造dressup打扮二十二、put的短語(yǔ)Putoff推遲puton穿上Putaway把…放好putout熄滅Putup張貼；舉起一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Listen!Whatanicesongfromnextroom!—ItmustbeSally.Ioftenhearher________.A．sing B．cry C．dancing D．singing2．—Ihearthere’sa________attheschoolgate.Doyouknowwhatitisabout?—Oh.It’saboutthecomingofsomeexchangestudentsfromtheUK.A．photo B．notice C．map D．message3．Ihavegreat________inlearningmath.Couldyouhelpme?A．trouble B．interest C．joy D．risk4．Theoldcouplelive________,buttheyfeelhappy.A．themselves B．lonely C．byhimself D．a(chǎn)lone5．Iwouldlike_______tothemoviewithyou,butmymommakesme_______fortheexamsathome.A．going;studying B．togo;tostudy C．togo;study6．—Beforebigexams,Ialwaysfeelvery________.—Takeiteasy.A．happy B．nervous C．excited D．quiet7．Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.Let’s__________.A．haveawalk B．haveaswim C．haveadrink D．haveatry8．Itispopularto________redenvelopes(紅包)onWechatduringfestivals.A．giveaway B．giveup C．giveout D．giveback9．—Shallwe________thethingswedon’tusetothepeopleinneed?—Goodidea.A．setup B．putoff C．giveaway D．getoff10．—Wherewouldyoulike________inthefuture?—I’mnotsure.MaybeBeijingorShanghai.A．working B．work C．towork D．willwork二、完形填空MybestfriendAllyandIspareafewhoursofourtimeeveryweekasvolunteersforBuddyBall.It’sa____11____thathelpsdisabledkidsdosportsandmakenewfriends.Sowhatdoesabuddy(伙伴)do?____12____,Iamabuddyforaneleven-year-oldboyTom.Heisinawheelchairandisagoodbasketballplayer,butjustlikeanykid,itupsetshim____13____hemissesashotormakesabadpass.Hestartstocryanddoesn’twanttoplay.Sometimesheevenwantsto____14____.So,ashisbuddy,Iencouragehim.Nowwe’reworkingonourbasketballskillstogether.It’sgreattoseehowhehas____15____andhedoesn’tgetupsetsoeasily.AllyisabuddyforClara,akidwithveryfewlanguageskills.Sheisalsoabit____16____!Shelikesrunningaway.AllyhaslearnedhowtoworkwithClaraandtogethertojoininthe____17____.Nowshelovesbaseballandhasmorefriends.Nextweekshe’splayinginateam.Herparentsare____18____happyaboutBuddyBallandtheysaythatClaraismoreconfident(自信的)and____19____afterherBuddyBallsessions.BuddyBallisagreatchanceforeveryone!Differences____20____andwerealizethatwe’realljustkidslovingsports.IlovedoingBuddyBallbecauseIknowI’mdoingsomethingmeaningful!11．A．decision B．subject C．program D．interest12．A．Intheend B．Ontheway C．Atthemoment D．Bytheway13．A．when B．until C．before D．a(chǎn)fter14．A．keepon B．getdown C．giveup D．giveaway15．A．dreamed B．improved C．prepared D．threw16．A．wild B．friendly C．easy-going D．clever17．A．games B．discussions C．lessons D．plays18．A．hardly B．truly C．possibly D．quickly19．A．careful B．sociable C．creative D．lonely20．A．increase B．remain C．disappear D．break三、閱讀單選Whataboutmyplansforthesummervacation?First,IwillgotoShanghaiwithmysisterKate.TherearemanyinterestingplacesinShanghai,andwecanalsotastethedeliciousfoodthere.Afterthat,Iwillspendsometimereadingbooks.Iwillplaytenniswithmyfriends,too.—PeterImadesomeplansformysummervacation.First,Iwillhelpmoreathome.Myparentsarealwaysbusy,soI’llhelpthemwiththehouseworkandletthemhavemoretimetorelax.Second,Iwillpracticetheviolineveryday.Third,Ithinkthevacationisagoodtimeformetodosomesports,suchasrunningandswimming.Iamsuremysummervacationwillbewonderful.—TomAfteraboutfourmonths’study,thesummervacationiscoming.Herearemyplans.First,Iwillleaveenoughtimeformynewlessons.Iwillalsoreadsomegreatbooks.Second,IwillgotoXi’anandstaytherefortwoweeks.Ithinkthetripwillbewonderful.Then,Iwillcomebackandenjoymyselfwithmyfriends.Wewillgoswimming,shopping,etc.—Amy21．PeterplanstogotoShanghaiwithhis________.A．brother B．sister C．parents D．grandparents22．HowmanyplansdidTommakeforhissummervacation?A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two.23．AmywillstayinXi’anfor________.A．7days B．14days C．12days D．6days24．Whowillswiminthesummervacation?A．TomandAmy. B．KateandPeter. C．PeterandTom. D．KateandAmy.25．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Peter’sparentsarealwaysbusy. B．Tomlikestoplaytenniswithhisfriends.C．Amyplanstodosomereadinginthesummervacation. D．Peter'sparentswanthimtolearnnewlessonsinthesummervacation.Iwasdoingtheworkinthegardenyesterday.ItwasasofteveningandIwasmakingthemostofitwhenIheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.“That’snoplacetobesleeping!”hesaid.Ifoundtherewasamanlyingonhisbackonthepathwithhiseyesclosed.Irecognizedhim.Ihadseenhimdoingthedrunkard’s(酒鬼)walkalongthatpathseveraltimes.Istoppedtowalkout.“Doyouneedsomehelp?”Iasked.Heopenedhiseyesandsaid,“Probably.”Thenhetoldmebecauseofarthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎)hecouldn’twalkwellatthemostoftimes.IthoughtIshoulddoitwhenheaskedtohelphimgohomewherehelivedafewhundredmetresaway.Itriedtolethimwalkunderhisownstrengthwithmeguidinghimbutthatwasgettingusnowhere.Itwaseasiertocarryhim,butthatwouldbearealinsult(侮辱)tohim.So,Iheldhislefthandwithmylefthandandgrabbedhisbeltwithmyrighthand.Thenwestartedwalkingslowly.Onthewayhetoldmehisname,whathehadworkedas,whatholidayshehadbeen,howwonderfulhisgranddaughterwas,whathiswife’snamewas—andwhatahardtimeshewouldgivehimwhenhegothome!Thankgoodness!Hiswifewasn’tinwhenwewalkedforty-fiveminutesbacktohishome.Ifwewaituntilwefeelgoodabouthelpingbeforewehelp,thenpeoplewillgounhelpedandwewillbecometheoneswhoendupwalkingonby.26．Whendidthestoryhappen?A．Whenthewriterfinishedhiswork.B．Whenthewriterwaswalkingonthepath.C．Whenthewriteralmostendeduphiswork.D．Whenthewriterwantedtobeginhiswork.27．Whowaslyingonthepath?A．Aneighbor. B．Thewriter’swife. C．Adrunkard. D．Agardener.28．Whydidn’tthewritercarrytheman?A．Becausehecouldwalkwellbyhimself.B．Becauseitwouldbeaninsulttohim.C．Becauseitwasonlyafewhundredmetresaway.D．Becausehiswifewouldgivehimahardtime.29．Accordingtothepassage,whichisRIGHT?A．Themanwasatalentedperson.B．Themanenjoyedhavingholidays.C．Theman’swifewasalwayskindtohim.D．Themanlovedhisgranddaughterverymuch.30．Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus?A．Workhardandyou’llhaveabetterlife.B．Givesomebodyahelpinghandintime.C．Nevergiveupwhenyoumeetdifficulties.D．Solveproblemsbyyourselfwhensomethinghappens.JackBrown,anofficeworker,livesinWashington.Heinherited（繼承）amilliondollarswhenhewas23,buthewasn’thappyatall.Whenhiscollegefriendswerelookingfortheirjobs,hedidn’thaveto.Jackdecidedtoliveasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse.Hegave$10,000ofhismoneytoacharitytohelppoorchildrenliveabetterlife.Todayheis36.Hestillwearscheapshoesandclothesanddrivesasmallcaronly,butheisveryhappy.UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.Themoneyisusedforthechildren’sstudy,food,medicineandclothing.Jackreceivesareporteachyearonthechildren’sprogress.Theycanwritetoeachother,butusuallythechildrendonotspeakEnglish.WhenJackfirstheardaboutthesechildren,hewantedtohelpthem.“Itwasnothingspecial,”hesaid.“UntilIwenttothesecountriesandmetthechildrenIwashelping,Ididn’tknowanythingabouttheirlife.”O(jiān)nceJackwenttomeetalittlegirlinAfrica.Hesaidthatthemeetingwasexciting.“WhenImether,Ifeltveryhappy,”hesaid.“AndIsawthatthemoneywasusedforagoodcause.Itbroughtmehappiness.IwanttodoeverythingIcantogoonhelpingthesechildren.”31．Jackdidn’tneedtolookforajob__________.A．beforehewenttocollege B．a(chǎn)fterhewenttoAfricaC．becausehegotonemilliondollars D．beforehereceivedareport32．Jackhassentthemeach$200amonthtohelpsomepoorchildren__________.A．onlyinWashington B．onlyinEnglandC．onlyinAfrica D．a(chǎn)roundtheworld33．Jacklearnsaboutthechildren’sprogressby__________.A．visitingthemeachyear B．gettingareporteveryyearC．stayingwiththem D．talkingwiththeminEnglish34．Theunderlinedwords“foragoodcause”mean“__________”inChinese.A．施舍 B．行善 C．優(yōu)惠 D．賞賜35．What’sthemainideaofthestory?A．Helpothersandyouwillfeelhappy.B．It’snecessarytowriteletterstopoorchildren.C．Liveasimplelife,andyoucangiveothershelp.D．It’sthemostimportanttohelpthechildreninAfrica.四、語(yǔ)法填空MarioandHelenareclassmates.Theybelievevolunteeringtheirtime____36____(help)othersinneedisagoodway____37____(spend)theirfreetime.Mariolovesanimals.HevolunteersatAnimalsHelpers,agroupsetuptohelp____38____(able)people.Hehelpstotakecareofthespecialtraineddogsthere.Volunteeringtheremakeshisdreamcome____39____.Hecandowhathelovestodoandhelpothersatthesametime.Helenplans____40____(volunteer)inanoldpeople’shomethissummer.Shesaysalotofoldpeopleare____41____(alone),andpeopleshouldcare____42____them.Infact,shediditlastsummer.Shetoldfunnystoriestocheerthem____43____andlistenedtotheoldpeopleastheytoldstoriesaboutthepastandhowthings____44____(use)tobe.Shegotastrongfeelingof_____45_____(satisfy)whenshesawthelookofjoyontheoldpeople’sfaces.五、多句選詞填空用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。takeafter

giveaway

tryout

setup46．Theboy________hisfather,andheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.47．Mr.Browndecided________allhismoneytothepoorpeopleinthevillage.48．Bytheendof2025,garbage-sortingsystems(垃圾分類(lèi)系統(tǒng))willbe________.49．—Areyougoingto________forthehostoftheEnglishparty?—Ofcourse.Ithinkit’sagreatchancetopractice.六、書(shū)信作文50．為了更好地舉辦冬奧會(huì)，市冬奧辦現(xiàn)在面向全社會(huì)招聘身體健康、熱愛(ài)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、樂(lè)于助人，并能熟練運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)和外國(guó)友人交流的志愿者。假如你叫李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示和要求，寫(xiě)一封應(yīng)征冬奧會(huì)志愿者的自薦信。提示:1.Whydoyouwanttobeavolunteer?2.Whatcanyoudo?要求:1.自薦信須包含所有提示信息，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2.信中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名、地名；3.詞數(shù)80左右，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSirorMadam,Thankyouforreadingmyletter.I’dliketobeavolunteerforWinterOlympicGames.Because____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案1．A【解析】句意：——聽(tīng)！隔壁房間的歌多好聽(tīng)啊！——一定是莎莉。我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到她唱歌。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞辨析。sing“唱（歌）”，動(dòng)詞；cry“哭”，動(dòng)詞；dancing“跳舞”，動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞；singing“唱”，動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)“Listen!Whatanicesongfromnextroom!ItmustbeSally.Ioftenhearher...”可知，莎莉在隔壁房間唱歌，歌聲很好聽(tīng)，我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到她唱歌，hearsbdosth表示“聽(tīng)到某人做某事”，空處需填動(dòng)詞原形，排除C和D，sing“唱（歌）”，動(dòng)詞。故選A。2．B【解析】句意：——我聽(tīng)說(shuō)學(xué)校門(mén)口有一個(gè)通知。你知道它是關(guān)于什么的嗎？——哦。是關(guān)于一些英國(guó)的交換生即將到來(lái)的通知?？疾槊~辨析。photo照片；notice通知；map地圖；message消息。根據(jù)“It’saboutthecomingofsomeexchangestudentsfromtheUK.”可知留學(xué)生即將到來(lái)的消息應(yīng)是學(xué)校的通知，故選B。3．A【解析】句意：我在學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)方面有很大的困難。你能幫我嗎？考查名詞辨析。trouble困難；interest興趣；joy開(kāi)心；risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“Couldyouhelpme?”可知在學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)方面有問(wèn)題，應(yīng)用trouble。故選A。4．D【解析】句意：這對(duì)老夫婦獨(dú)居，但他們感到幸福?？疾楦痹~修飾動(dòng)詞。themselves他們自己，反身代詞；lonely孤獨(dú)的，形容詞；byhimself他獨(dú)自，介賓短語(yǔ)；alone獨(dú)自，副詞。根據(jù)“Theoldcouplelive…”可知是他們獨(dú)自居住，空格處缺少副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，alone符合題意，故選D。5．C【解析】句意：我想和你一起去看電影，但我媽媽讓我在家學(xué)習(xí)考試?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)。wouldliketodosth想要做某事；makesbdosth讓某人做某事。第一空用不定式作賓語(yǔ)；第二空用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，故選C。6．B【解析】句意：——在大考試之前，我總是感覺(jué)緊張?！?qǐng)放松?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。happy高興的；nervous緊張的；excited興奮的；quiet安靜的。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Takeiteasy”（放松些）可知，應(yīng)是說(shuō)考試前緊張。故選B。7．D【解析】句意：我昨天買(mǎi)了一輛新自行車(chē)。讓我們?cè)囈辉??？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。haveawalk散步；haveaswim游泳；haveadrink喝一杯（酒，飲料等）；haveatry試試。根據(jù)“Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.”和選項(xiàng)可知，買(mǎi)了新的自行車(chē)要試一試。故選D。8．A【解析】句意：節(jié)日期間在微信上發(fā)紅包是很流行的?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。giveaway贈(zèng)送；giveup放棄；giveout分發(fā)；giveback歸還。根據(jù)“Itispopularto...redenvelopesonWechatduringfestivals.”可知，贈(zèng)送紅包是很流行的。故選A。9．C【解析】句意：——我們把不用的東西送給需要的人好嗎？——好主意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。setup成立；putoff推遲；giveaway捐贈(zèng)；getoff下車(chē)。根據(jù)“…h(huán)ethingswedon’tusetothepeopleinneed?”可知，此處是說(shuō)把不用的東西送給需要的人，giveawaysthtosb“把某物捐贈(zèng)給某人”。故選C。10．C【解析】句意：——你將來(lái)想在哪里工作？——我不確定?？赡鼙本┗蛏虾！？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事，為固定搭配，即wouldlike后只能接動(dòng)詞不定式作它的賓語(yǔ)。故選C。11．C

12．C

13．A

14．C

15．B

16．A

17．A

18．B

19．B

20．C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和朋友Ally每周在BuddyBall做志愿者，并介紹了他們的具體工作和結(jié)果以及意義。11．句意：它是一個(gè)幫助殘疾兒童做運(yùn)動(dòng)并結(jié)交新朋友的項(xiàng)目。decision決定；subject科目；program項(xiàng)目；interest興趣。根據(jù)“MybestfriendAllyandIspareafewhoursofourtimeeveryweekasvolunteersforBuddyBall”可知，BuddyBall是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，故選C。12．句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我是一個(gè)11歲男孩Tom的伙伴。intheend最后；ontheway在路上；atthemoment此刻；當(dāng)時(shí)；bytheway順便說(shuō)一句。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示當(dāng)時(shí)的情況，故選C。13．句意：當(dāng)他投球沒(méi)投中或者傳球不佳的時(shí)候，這會(huì)使他感到沮喪。when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；until直到……為止；before在……之前；after在……之后。根據(jù)“butjustlikeanykid”可知像其他的孩子一樣，當(dāng)做得不好的時(shí)候會(huì)感到沮喪，故選A。14．句意：有時(shí)他甚至想要放棄。keepon繼續(xù)；getdown下來(lái)，沮喪；giveup放棄；giveaway捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)“Hestartstocryanddoesn’twanttoplay”和“even”可知此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)甚至想要放棄，故選C。15．句意：很高興見(jiàn)到他是怎樣進(jìn)步，并且他不再那么輕易感到沮喪。dream夢(mèng)想；improve提高，進(jìn)步；prepare準(zhǔn)備；throw扔。根據(jù)上文“So,ashisbuddy,Iencouragehim.Nowwe’reworkingonourbasketballskillstogether.”并結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)是取得進(jìn)步，故選B。16．句意：她還有一點(diǎn)狂野。wild狂野的；friendly友好的；easy-going平易近人的；clever聰明的。根據(jù)“AllyisabuddyforClara,akidwithveryfewlanguageskills”可知她的性格應(yīng)是有點(diǎn)不太友好，故選A。17．句意：Ally已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)怎樣和Clara在一起工作和使她參加游戲。game游戲，比賽；discussion討論；lesson課程；play戲劇。根據(jù)“Nowshelovesbaseballandhasmorefriends.”和“...helpsdisabledkidsdosportsandmakenewfriends”可知，此處指Ally使她參與游戲或比賽，故選A。18．句意：對(duì)于BuddyBall她的父母真心地感到高興并且他們說(shuō)Clara在她的BuddyBall一段時(shí)間之后更自信更好交際了。hardly幾乎不；truly真正地；possibly可能；quickly迅速地。根據(jù)“theysaythatClaraismoreconfident”可知，父母是真地很高興，故選B。19．句意：對(duì)于BuddyBall她的父母真心地感到高興并且他們說(shuō)Clara在她的BuddyBall一段時(shí)間之后更自信更好交際了。careful細(xì)心的；sociable好交際的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；lonely孤獨(dú)的。由上文可知，BuddyBall是幫助殘疾兒童做運(yùn)動(dòng)和交朋友的項(xiàng)目，因此可以幫助孩子變得更自信和更好交際，故選B。20．句意：差異感消失并且我們意識(shí)到我們都僅僅是愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子。increase增長(zhǎng)；remain保留；disappear消失；break打破。根據(jù)“werealizethatwe’realljustkidslovingsports”可知大家都有一樣的興趣，所以差異應(yīng)該是消失了。故選C。21．B

22．C

23．B

24．A

25．C【解析】文章是一篇說(shuō)明文。文中三個(gè)人逐一介紹了自己的暑期計(jì)劃。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“First,IwillgotoShanghaiwithmysisterKate.”及第一段最后署名“—Peter”可知，Peter將和妹妹Kate一起去上海。故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“First...,Second...,Third...”及第二段最后署名“—Tom”可知，Tom在暑假有三項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。故選C。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Second,IwillgotoXi’anandstaytherefortwoweeks.”及第三段最后署名“—Amy”可知，Amy將在西安待兩周。故選B。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Third,Ithinktheholidayisagoodtimeformetodosomesports,suchasrunningandswimming.”及第二段最后署名“—Tom”可知，Tom打算在暑假去游泳。再根據(jù)第三段最后一句及署名“Wewillgoswimming,shopping,etc.—Amy”可知，Amy打算在暑假去游泳。綜上所述，Tom和Amy都打算在暑假去游泳。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Iwillalsoreadsomegreatbooks.”及最后署名“—Amy”可知，Amy計(jì)劃暑假讀一些好書(shū)。故選C。

26．C

27．A

28．B

29．D

30．B【解析】本文主要講述了作者幫助一位因關(guān)節(jié)炎而不能走路的鄰居。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iwasdoingthework...IwasmakingthemostofitwhenIheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.”可知，這個(gè)故事發(fā)生的時(shí)候，作者正在工作，并且完成了大部分，即將要完成他的工作。故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.”及“Ifoundtherewasamanlyingonhisbackonthepathwithhiseyesclosed.”可知，躺在路上的是鄰居。故選A。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwaseasiertocarryhim,butthatwouldbearealinsulttohim.”可知，作者沒(méi)有背他，是因?yàn)樽髡哂X(jué)得這對(duì)他是一種真正的侮辱。故選B。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“howwonderfulhisgranddaughterwas”可推出，這個(gè)人很愛(ài)他的孫女。故選D。30．主旨大意題。本文主要講述了作者幫助一位因關(guān)節(jié)炎而不能走路的鄰居，所以本文的主題應(yīng)是及時(shí)幫助別人。故選B。31．C

32．D

33．B

34．B

35．A【解析】本文講述了Jack幫助來(lái)自世界各地貧困國(guó)家的一些孩子，而且這樣給他帶來(lái)了快樂(lè)。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heinherited（繼承）amilliondollarswhenhewas23”可知是因?yàn)樗?3歲時(shí)繼承了一百萬(wàn)美元。故選C。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.”可知Jack幫助世界各地的孩子，沒(méi)有地域的限制。故選D。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jackreceivesareporteachyearonthechildren’sprogress.”可知Jack通過(guò)每年收到一份報(bào)告來(lái)了解孩子們的進(jìn)步情況。故選B。34．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“AndIsawthatthemoneywasusedforagoodcause”以及“Hegave$10,000ofhismoneytoacharitytohelppoorchildrenliveabetterlife.”和“UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.”可知Jack幫助了來(lái)自世界各地貧困國(guó)家的一些孩子，所以他看到這些錢(qián)被用于一個(gè)好的事業(yè)，他很開(kāi)心，所以“foragoodcause”的意思為“行善”。故選B。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Itbroughtmehappiness.IwanttodoeverythingIcantogoonhelpingthesechildren.”以及全文可知，本文講述了Jack幫助來(lái)自世界各地貧困國(guó)家的一些孩子，而且這樣給他帶來(lái)了快樂(lè)。所以A選項(xiàng)“幫助別人，你會(huì)感到快樂(lè)。”符合，故選A。36．tohelp

37．tospend

38．disabled

39．true

40．tovolunteer

41．lonely

42．for

43．up

44．used

45．satisfaction【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述Mario和Helen做志愿者工作的事例。36．句意：他們認(rèn)為，把自己的時(shí)間奉獻(xiàn)給需要幫助的人是消磨空閑時(shí)間的好方法。volunteertimetodosth“自愿花時(shí)間做某事”，故填tohelp。37．句意：他們認(rèn)為，把自己的時(shí)間奉獻(xiàn)給需要幫助的人是消磨空閑時(shí)間的好方法。agoodwaytod