2022-2023學(xué)年山東省濰坊市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省濰坊市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號、考號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWith1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict.Seebelowourhand-pickedselection.UlverstonLinedwithcharmingcobbled(鋪鵝卵石的)streets,UlverstonisaprettyhistoricmarkettownlocatedjustSouthoftheLakeDistrict.Itisadelightfulescapefromthecrowd-filledattractionsintheSouthernLakes,yetisjustastone’sthrowawayfromthem.GrasmereGrasmereisforeverlinkedtotheworld-renownedLakelandpoets,mostnotablyWilliamWordsworth.Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeofWordsworth’smostfamousworkswerewritten.Fromtoweringpeakstotastytreats,aholidayinGrasmerewouldalsonotbecompletewithoutatasteofthefamousGrasmereGingerbreadthat’sbeenmadeheresincethemid-19thcentury.CartmelHometomanytraditionalstonebuildingsandcharmingscenery,CartmelisaprimitivevillageinSouthCumbria.Appreciatingthecolorfulglasswindowsandsculpturesmakesitamemorablevisit.Cartmel’sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.Cartmel’srestaurantsandpubsprovideawiderangeoffoodanddrinktorechargethebatteriesafteranexhaustinghike.KendalKnownasthegatewaytotheLakes,Kendalisabusytownhostingaselectionofrestaurantsandshops,whichmakesitanexcellenttouringbase.Youcanalsoenjoythesurroundingviewsoflandscapesandlakesfromthehilltop.BothWindermereandtheCumbriancoastareeasytoreach,makingitafinelocationforloversofbothcoastandcountryside.1.WhatattractthetravelerstotheLakeDistrict?A.Luxuriousfacilities.B.Mysteriousadventures.C.Leisurelycountrysidesights.D.Convenienttransportationsystems.2.Whichdestinationbestsuitsloversofliterature?A.Ulverston. B.Grasmere. C.Cartmel. D.Kendal.3.WhatcantouristsdoatCartmel?A.Chargethebatteryforfree.B.Tasteauniquelocalsnack.C.Bicycleintheoldvillage.D.Admiremodernarchitectures.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾個讓人非常感到悠閑，輕松的旅行勝地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“With1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict.”（這里有1500平方英里可供探索，從浪漫的景點(diǎn)到狂野的風(fēng)景，再到輕松的鄉(xiāng)村生活方式，這里沒有像樣的公共設(shè)施，但肯定不缺乏美麗的地方。）可知，悠閑的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光是吸引游客到湖區(qū)來的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grasmere中“Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeofWordsworth’smostfamousworkswerewritten.”（每年，許多人都會前往Grasmere的鴿子小屋，華茲華斯最著名的一些作品就是在那里創(chuàng)作的。）可知，Grasmere這個目的地最適合文學(xué)愛好者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cartmel中“Cartmel’sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.”（Cartmel的黏布丁是這個湖區(qū)村莊的傳統(tǒng)英式甜點(diǎn)，一定要嘗一嘗。）可知，游客在Cartmel可以品嘗獨(dú)特的當(dāng)?shù)匦〕?。ACD項(xiàng)與原文實(shí)意不符。故選B項(xiàng)。BJudeandLeoHaweshavecomealongwaysincetheyenteredtheworld,bornatjust29weeks.AirliftedfromtheirhomeinLauncestontohospitalinHobart,thetwins,nowhappyandhealthytwo-year-olds,weredeliveredintotheICUtobecaredforandmonitored.AgiftfromtheTasmanianbranchofOctopusforaPreemie(早產(chǎn)兒)forthemwasalightinthedark.“Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses(章魚),”Bianca,theco-founderoftheproject,tellsWoman’sDay.“ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,thenweshould.”Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.“Ininstanceswherethebabiescan’tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents’scent(氣味)ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,”Biancasays.ThevolunteerprojectbeganafteranursereachedouttoBiancatocreateaprototypeofoctopusshecouldtakeintohospitalforatrial.“Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,”explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.“IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn’tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded.”SoonBiancametthegroup’sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.“Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolourcombinations,”saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulatingmorethan2000followers.“Itmakesmyday!”4.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Topromoteoctopusestopreemies.B.Tocomfortthepreemies’parents.C.Toreachouttonursesforpreemies.D.Tobringasenseofsecurityforpreemies.5Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prototype”Inparagraph4?A.Certificate. B.Model. C.Patent. D.Trademark.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived.BItishighlyprofitable.C.Itneedstobeimproved.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.7.WhatdoesBianca’sstoryimply?A.Goodisrewardedwithgood.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Smalldeedsmakeadifference.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個志愿者項(xiàng)目為新生兒提供章魚來安撫和安慰他們，這一項(xiàng)目受到了新生兒父母的歡迎?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Ininstanceswherethebabiescan’tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents’scent(氣味)ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,”Biancasays.(Bianca說：“在寶寶幾周甚至幾個月都不能被抱著的情況下，章魚對父母的氣味的熟悉可以幫助建立聯(lián)系，因?yàn)楫?dāng)父母終于可以抱著他們時，嬰兒已經(jīng)知道這是一種安全的氣味?！?”可推斷，這個項(xiàng)目的目的是為了讓嬰兒有安全感。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一段“Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.(這種八條腿的生物是專門用來安撫和安慰早期新生兒的。)”可知，這是一種章魚樣子的模型，為新生兒而設(shè)計(jì)的；而下一段““Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,”explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.(“我花了四到五個月的時間自學(xué)如何編寫圖案并獲得批準(zhǔn)，”Bianca解釋說，她手工制作了這種有益的章魚，為有需要的家庭提供且不收取任何費(fèi)用。)”可知，Bianca花了四五個月學(xué)習(xí)編寫圖案，所以她是為了制作一個章魚樣子的模型。選項(xiàng)A“Certificate(證書)”；B“Model(模型)”；C“Patent(專利)”；D“Trademark.(商標(biāo))”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn’tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded.”SoonBiancametthegroup’sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.(“我開始以最快的速度制作它們，但我無法達(dá)到它們所需的數(shù)量?！辈痪?，Bianca遇到了該組織的另一位聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人AndreaCarey，兩人開始在業(yè)余時間一起創(chuàng)作這些生物。)”可知，章魚模型的需求量很大。再根據(jù)最后一段““Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolourcombinations,”saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulatingmorethan2000followers.“Itmakesmyday!”(Bianca說：“我一直很喜歡創(chuàng)新，我對顏色組合的想象力很豐富?！彼腇acebook頁面“章魚”為塔斯馬尼亞早產(chǎn)兒設(shè)計(jì)，粉絲已經(jīng)超過2000人。“這讓我很開心!”)”可知，章魚模型的粉絲很多。由此，可以推斷出章魚模型很受人們的歡迎。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses(章魚),”Bianca,theco-founderoftheproject,tellsWoman’sDay.“ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,thenweshould.”(“這些故事真的提醒我們?yōu)槭裁次覀兌蓟诉@么多時間和自己的錢來制作這些章魚，”該項(xiàng)目的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Bianca在接受《婦女之日》采訪時表示。“這對我來說意味著整個世界，我可以做一些小事，讓嬰兒和父母的旅程更容易一點(diǎn)。我相信，如果我們能幫助別人，不管這個幫助有多小，那我們就應(yīng)該幫助別人。”)”可知，Bianca的故事告訴我們小事也能對這個世界有所改變。故選C。CLookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It’smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn’tatouristattraction—it’screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.LaunchedinDecember2021bySkySailsPower,themassivewingistheworld’sfirstfullyautonomouscommercial“airbornewindenergy”system.Forthepasttwomonths,ithasbeendeliveringalittleunderitsgoalof100kilowatts—typicallyenoughtopowerupto50homes.Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheightswherewindblowsfastestthekeymaybetoflyakite.Thesesystemscomeinacontainerandcanbedroppedoffwhereverthere’saroadordock(碼頭).Theycanalsobetiedtoafixedshipindeepwaters.Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:buildingsoftkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.In2015SkySailsshiftedfocustoproducingelectricitywithSkySailsPower.SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(渦輪機(jī))upintheair,andthelineisn’tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(絞車)isgeneratingtheelectricity,”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing’sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.Thesailshavelessimpactontheskylinethantraditionalturbinesandarequietertoo,saysFagiano.Andtheymakeeconomicsenseforanyonecurrentlypayingmorethan$0.30perkilowatthourfromtraditionalgenerators.8.Whatisthemosteffectivewayforthesystemtogetenergy?A.Itisplacedashighaspossible.B.Itistiedtoashipinthedeepsea.C.Itisadjustedtothehardestwinds.D.Itisfixedonthewhitesandbeaches.9.WhatisSkySails’originalintentiontodevelopthesystem?A.Tobeattraditionalturbines.B.Topowerthehomesinneed.C.Topullthehugeshipsatsea.D.Tocompetewithothercompanies.10.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?A.Whyturbinesareabandoned.B.HowtheSkySails’systemworks.C.Howsoftwarecontrolsthewing.D.Whythewingchangesitsflightpattern.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SkySails:PioneerinwindpowerB.SkySails:CompetitortotraditionalpowerC.Thekitesseekingtheworld’ssurestwindsD.Thekitesgeneratingthecheapestelectricity【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)又有了新的可能性：利用“風(fēng)箏”發(fā)電?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.(它們的高度是可適應(yīng)的，所以它們可以向上或向下移動到風(fēng)吹得最猛烈的地方，這種風(fēng)經(jīng)常隨著季節(jié)而變化。)”可知，系統(tǒng)獲取能量的最有效方式是它能被調(diào)節(jié)到最強(qiáng)的風(fēng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:buildingsoftkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.(SkySails實(shí)際上始于2001年，當(dāng)時有不同的目的:制造柔軟的風(fēng)箏翅膀，在海上牽引大型船只。)”可知，Skyysails開發(fā)該系統(tǒng)的初衷是在海上牽引大型船只。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(渦輪機(jī))upintheair,andthelineisn’tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(絞車)isgeneratingtheelectricity,”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing’sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.(Skyysails的系統(tǒng)依靠一個大約150平方米的機(jī)翼來駕馭風(fēng)力。空中沒有渦輪機(jī)，電線也不是電線。相反，能量是由地面上的拉力產(chǎn)生的?！敖g車上的剎車正在發(fā)電，”首席執(zhí)行官法吉亞諾說。軟件會自動地以8字形模式放飛風(fēng)箏，以獲得盡可能強(qiáng)的拉力來產(chǎn)生能量。然后，該系統(tǒng)會改變機(jī)翼的飛行模式，使其以最小的阻力被拉進(jìn)，并消耗少量能量將其拉回。這種模式不斷重復(fù)，產(chǎn)生的能量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過消耗的能量。)”可知，本段主要介紹skyysails系統(tǒng)是如何工作的。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“LookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It’smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn’tatouristattraction—it’screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.(從毛里求斯的白色沙灘仰望天空，你會看到一個巨型風(fēng)帆。它很像風(fēng)箏沖浪者使用的那種，但有三間臥室的公寓那么大。帆并不是一個旅游景點(diǎn)，而是為非洲東海岸的這個島嶼發(fā)電。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)又有了新的可能性：利用“風(fēng)箏”發(fā)電。所以“Thekitesseekingtheworld’ssurestwinds(為尋找穩(wěn)定風(fēng)能而生的風(fēng)箏)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。DTheAtlanticsalmon(鮭魚)ofScotlandarehardyanddeterminedanimals.Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland’sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.Somefail,andotherssucceed,buttodaytheyfaceyetanotherchallenge.Duringthemid-1980s,therewerebetweeneightandtenmillionsalmonswimmingaroundScotland’sAtlanticcoast;thatnumberhasnowdroppedsharply.There’sevidenceofreducingtheavailabilityofthesalmon’sprey(獵物)asclimatechangewarmsandacidifiesoceans.Newresearchsuggestsclimatechangeisalsobearingdownonrivers,whichisbadnewsforsalmon.Adaptedtolifeincoldwater,salmonexperienceslowgrowthandpopulationchangesathightemperatures.Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.“Nowsalmonarestrugglingtodealwiththerisingtemperatures.Therearerecentrecordsof27°CintheupperreachesoftheDeecatchment,”saysPeterCairns,directorofanenvironmentalcharity.In2018,Scotlandrecordedthelowestpolecatchforsalmonsincerecordsbegan.Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.Amovementtogettreesbackonriverbanksisgatheringpace.“Broad-leaftreesclosetothebankcanreducethelightthatentersthewater,”explainsfisheriesscientistAnthonyHawkins.AnewinitiativecalledRiverwoods—ledbytheScottishWildlifeTrustandsupportedbyScottishWaterandseveralothergovemmentandregulatorybodies—aimstocreateanetworkofwoodlandsalongScotland’sriverbanks,andhasalreadyreceivedanumberoflargefunds.“Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,”saysCairns.12.WhydoAtlanticsalmonmakegreatjourneysbacktotherivers?A.Theysearchforfoods.B.Theyreproducethemselves.C.Theriversarerelativelycool.D.Theseasareincreasinglywarm.13.Howdotherisingtemperaturesinriversaffectsalmon?A.Theygrowmorequickly.B.Theyaremoreheat-resistant.C.Theyarelessactiveinwater.D.Theyaremorelikelytogetdiseases.14.WhatisachallengeforsalmonwhentheyreturntoScotland’srivers?A.Thereisashortageoffood.B.Thereismuchfishcatching.C.Theecologyenvironmenthaschanged.D.Theriversystemsareunsuitablefortheforestgrowth.15.WhatdoesCairnsreallyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Itisurgenttoplantriverbanktrees.B.Itistoohardtorestoretheriverhealth.C.Thereisenoughmoneyfortheproject.D.Therearetoomanyvitalthingstodealwith.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了因?yàn)榄h(huán)境惡化，大西洋鮭魚的數(shù)量急劇減少?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland’sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.(每年春天和夏天，它們都會從北大西洋返回，在蘇格蘭的淺水河流中產(chǎn)卵，跳過瀑布，越過障礙，以巨大的努力將自己推向上游)”可知，大西洋鮭魚要長途跋涉回到河里是為了繁殖后代。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.(熱影響它們的健康，降低它們對疾病的抵抗力)”可知，河流溫度上升使鮭魚更容易得病。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.(有證據(jù)表明，河流水質(zhì)的惡化加劇了氣候變化的影響。“大西洋鮭魚在蘇格蘭的河流系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)化，那里曾經(jīng)有更多的森林，因此有陰影?！比欢?，如今蘇格蘭是歐洲森林覆蓋率最低的國家之一，只有3%的原生林地未被破壞。科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，蘇格蘭只有35%的河流有足夠的樹木覆蓋，供鮭魚生存)”可推知，當(dāng)鮭魚返回蘇格蘭河流時，生態(tài)環(huán)境的變化對它們來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,”saysCairns.(“錢不是緊迫的問題。河流的健康狀況很復(fù)雜，但植樹是我們可以馬上開始做的最基本的事情之一，”凱恩斯說)”可推知，凱恩斯真正想告訴我們當(dāng)務(wù)之急是種植河岸樹木。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。We’veallbeenthere―you’vesentamessageandit’smarked“read”,butyouhaven’theardanythingback.What’sthedeal?In2011,theword“rbomb”wasaddedtotheUrbanDictionary,meaning:notrespondingtoorignoringamessageafterreadingit,oftendeliberately.“Rbomb”iscommon,solearntobewise.___16___Hereareafewtips.Expectthebest.Remindyourselfthatthepersonisprobablyjustbusy.Askyourselfifyouactuallyknowtheirschedule.Therecouldbesometimecommitmentsyouaren’tawareof.___17___Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.Resistthetemptation(誘惑)todouble-text.___18___Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.___19___Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.Putyourphoneaway.___20___Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.A.Readoveryourpreviousmessages.B.Fixyourattentioncloselyontextresponses.C.Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.D.Theyfinishedwritingthetextbutfailedtosendit.E.Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.F.Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.G.Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)別人閱讀你的信息后，不回復(fù)你時，要學(xué)會心平氣和的面對，不要讓社交軟件影響到你的三次元生活?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Hereareafewtips.(這里有一些建議)”以及前文““Rbomb”iscommon,solearntobewise.(“Rbomb”很常見，所以要學(xué)會明智)”可知，空處應(yīng)該是承上啟下說明可以應(yīng)用這些建議避免被影響，所以G項(xiàng)“Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.(你可以避免社交軟件影響到你的三次元生活)”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.(他們想給你一個更長的回復(fù)，但現(xiàn)在不行。他們把手機(jī)放在一邊，專注于工作或?qū)W習(xí)。他們不小心忘了回復(fù)。也許他們想了想要說什么，但并沒有真的發(fā)出去)”可知，此處是在講一些人們延遲回復(fù)的可能，所以空處句子應(yīng)該是引出這個話題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.(以下是延遲回復(fù)的其他一些原因)”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Resistthetemptationtodouble-text.(不要信息轟炸對方)”以及后文“Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.(如果你發(fā)了很多后續(xù)短信，他們很難跟上，他們可能會感到壓力。只給他們留一條信息，讓他們跟上進(jìn)度——對方可能會感激你的耐心)”可知，本段講述不要一直給對方發(fā)信息，要給對方一些時間，讓他們跟上你的信息，所以E項(xiàng)“Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.(給他們一點(diǎn)空間，讓他們有機(jī)會回答)”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析設(shè)空可知，空處位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.(看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清。如果你再次查看你的信息，并注意到它可能有點(diǎn)不清楚，這是沒有關(guān)系的——這種情況發(fā)生了!你可能會感到寬慰，因?yàn)槟惆l(fā)現(xiàn)了一些容易被誤讀的東西)”可知，本段在說可以仔細(xì)檢查下你發(fā)的信息，看是否有什么令人困惑的文本，或許只因某句話表述不清，對方壓根就沒理解到你想說什么！所以A項(xiàng)“Readoveryourpreviousmessages.(閱讀你之前的信息)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Putyourphoneaway.(把手機(jī)收起來)”以及后文“Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.(不要讓它困擾或迷惑你。如果你不去想任何通知，你就能頭腦風(fēng)暴出新的打發(fā)時間的方法)”可知，本段主題是把手機(jī)放到一邊，眼不見，心不煩。與其糾結(jié)為什么會被“已讀不回”，不如放下手機(jī)，做些更有意義的事。所以C項(xiàng)“Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.(把它放在你看不到的地方，讓你的內(nèi)心平靜下來)”起到承上啟下的作用，符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.Myheart___21___whenIheardthis.InWilcannia,whereInowworkedasaprimaryschoolteacherwithasix-monthcontract,therewasadrought.Quickly___22___mycar,Igaveabottletothechildrenbeforesayinggoodbye.Momentslikethisremindedmejusthow___23___I’dcomefrommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney.InmyfirstlessonwithYearSixImadea___24___forourclass:Mistakesareexpected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewallinmyclassroomasa___25___tostudents.Ihopeditwouldgivestudents___26___tokeepmovingforward.We___27___sowellthatbytheendofmonth-one,I___28___mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace!Areal___29___washelpingwiththetown’sannualkids’fashionparade(游行).ButCOVIDpandemic___30___amovetoonlinelearning.SoI___31___studentstofilmvideosofthemselvessingingFromLittleThingsBigThingsGrow.Thechildren’sperformancewonwildapplause.And___32___IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.Thissortof___33___wassuchanhonour!Now,threeyearslater,I’m___34___inWilcannia.PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere,andthencomesmy___35___reply:“Anotheryear.”21.A.sank B.beat C.melted D.raced22.A.checking B.searching C.mending D.parking23.A.fast B.soon C.long D.far24.A.decision B.motto C.change D.plan25.A.reminder B.symbol C.gift D.picture26.A.experience B.capacity C.confidence D.signal27.A.bonded B.behaved C.reacted D.operated28.A.restricted B.maintained C.drafted D.extended29.A.chance B.highlight C.love D.routine30.A.added B.led C.kept D.saw31.A.expected B.employed C.guided D.troubled32.A.gradually B.subsequently C.frequently D.temporarily33.A.recognition B.impression C.expression D.appointment34.A.already B.again C.still D.also35.A.timely B.typical C.correct D.heartfelt【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在威爾坎尼亞教書，和學(xué)生關(guān)系很好，呆了三年還沒離開的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：聽到這些，我的心沉了下來。A.sank下沉；B.beat跳動；C.melted融化；D.raced比賽。根據(jù)上文“Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.(我把車停在路邊，一個男孩站在路邊要水喝)”以及“therewasadrought.”可知，作者聽到男孩要水喝，內(nèi)心沉重。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我迅速搜了一下我車，在告別之前給了孩子們一瓶水。A.checking檢查；B.searching搜索；C.mending修理；D.parking停車。根據(jù)后文“mycar,Igaveabottletothechildren”可知，作者在車?yán)飳ふ业揭黄克o男孩。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的時刻提醒我，我從數(shù)百公里外悉尼的教師生活中走了出來。A.fast快速的；B.soon快；C.long長的；D.far遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)后文“I’dcomefrommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney”可知，作者已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)離了過去的生活。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在六年級的第一節(jié)課上，我給我們班立了一個座右銘：錯誤是被期待的、被尊重的、被改正的。A.decision決定；B.motto座右銘；C.change改變；D.plan計(jì)劃。根據(jù)后文“Mistakesareexpected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewall”可知這是一句班級座右銘。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們把這個貼在教室的墻上提醒學(xué)生們。A.reminder提醒物；B.symbol符號；C.gift禮物；D.picture圖片。根據(jù)上文“Wepostedthisonthewall”可知，貼在墻上作為提醒物。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望這能給學(xué)生們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的信心。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.capacity能力；C.confidence自信；D.signal信號。根據(jù)后文“tokeepmovingforward”指這句話帶給學(xué)生信心。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們關(guān)系很好，到第一個月底，我就把我在農(nóng)村或偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的合同延長了整整一年！A.bonded關(guān)系親密；B.behaved行為；C.reacted反應(yīng)；D.operated操作。后文提到作者延長了合同，說明和學(xué)生關(guān)系很好。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們關(guān)系很好，到第一個月底，我就把我在農(nóng)村或偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的合同延長了整整一年！A.restricted限制；B.maintained維持；C.drafted設(shè)計(jì)；D.extended延長。根據(jù)后文“mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace”指合同延長。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個真正的亮點(diǎn)是幫助鎮(zhèn)上的年度兒童時尚游行。A.chance機(jī)會；B.highlight精彩部分；C.love愛；D.routine常規(guī)。根據(jù)后文“washelpingwiththetown’sannualkids’fashionparade”可知，年度兒童時尚游行是一個精彩部分。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但新冠肺炎大流行讓人們轉(zhuǎn)向在線學(xué)習(xí)。A.added增加；B.led導(dǎo)致；C.kept保持；D.saw看見。根據(jù)后文“amovetoonlinelearning”指新冠肺炎大流行讓人們轉(zhuǎn)向在線學(xué)習(xí)。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生們拍攝他們自己唱《從小事到大事》的視頻。A.expected期待；B.employed雇傭；C.guided指導(dǎo)；D.troubled麻煩。根據(jù)上文“ButCOVIDpandemic_____amovetoonlinelearning.”后文“studentstofilmvideos”指引導(dǎo)學(xué)生拍攝視頻。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我被評為年度音樂教師。A.gradually逐漸地；B.subsequently后來；C.frequently頻繁地；D.temporarily暫時地。根據(jù)上文“Thechildren’sperformancewonwildapplause.(孩子們的表演贏得了熱烈的掌聲)”可知，后來，作者被評為年度音樂教師。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種認(rèn)可是如此的榮幸！A.recognition認(rèn)可；B.impression印象；C.expression表達(dá)；D.appointment任命。結(jié)合上文“IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.”可知作者獲了獎，即得到了認(rèn)可。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：三年后，我還在威爾坎尼亞。A.already已經(jīng)；B.again再次；C.still仍然；D.also也。根據(jù)后文“PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere”可知，作者呆了三年，還在這里。故選C。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們總是問我打算在這里呆多久，然后我由衷地回答：“再一年?！盇.timely及時的；B.typical典型的；C.correct正確的；D.heartfelt由衷的。根據(jù)上文“PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere”以及下文“Anotheryear.”可知，作者對這個問題由衷回答的是“再一年”。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NationalGeographicexplorerPaulSalopekhasjusthikedacrossErlangMountaininSouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince.Thisisjustastartofhis___36___(ambition)planoftrekking(跋涉)inChina.Asatrekkerwithglobalfootprints,Salopekiscommittedtoexperiencingdifferentculturesallovertheworldand___37___(record)thelivesofpeopleheencountersonhisjourney.China,alargecountrywithdiversenaturalandhumanlandscapes,___38___(be)animportantstoponSalopek’sglobaltrek.StartinginSeptember2021,SalopeksetofffromYunnanprovinceand___39___(plan)towalkthroughmanyregions.“Myrouteisnotalwaystofamoustouristlandmarks,”saystheexplorer,wholikestovisitgrassrootsareas___40___(find)reallife.“Itcouldbes