2022-2023學年山東省濟南市高三上學期期中英語試題及答案

2022-2023學年山東省濟南市高三上學期期中英語試題及答案注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，可先將答案寫在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，必須將答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthecellphoneaccordingtothewoman?A.Intheman’sbag.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthedininghall.2.Whatwill.themandolater?A.Havelunch,B.Attendclass.C.Watchagame.3.Whendidthefootballmatchstart?A.At4:45.B.At5:45.C.At8:30.4.Whydidthewomanrefusethejob?A.Togotoschool.B.Totravelaround.C.Tostaywithherfamily.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Planningameeting.C.Offeringcomfort.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面五段對話或獨白。每段對話和獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisTom’sfather?A.Ateacher.B.Azookeeper.C.Aphotographer.7.WhatisNancylikelytodothissummervacation?A.Visitazoo.B.Takelessons.C.Gosightseeing.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies.B.Aholiday.C.Teamwork.9.Whatdidthewomangetaprizefor?A.Climbing.B.Sailing.C.Walking.聽第8段材料，回答第10至第12題。10.Whydoesthewomanwanttowearahattothestadium?ATobefamous.B.Tostaywarm.C.Tobringjoy.11.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Beingtoocold.B.Missingthegame.C.Lookingfunnyinhishat.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnThursday.C.OnWednesday.聽第9段材料，回答第13至第16題。13.WhereisKandafrom?A.Thailand.B.England.C.Russia.14.WhatisMr.Sungmainlytalkingabout?A.Solvingproblems.B.Doingbusiness.C.Hiringpeople.15.HowdoesMr.Sungsound?A.Optimistic.B.Anxious.C.Humorous.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandworker.C.Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20題。17.Howmanyjobswillbeoffered?A.About220.B.About1,100.C.About2,000.18.Wherearethecopymachineslocated?A.Inthemainhall.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Neartherestrooms.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutfirstimpressions?A.Makeplentyofcopies.B.Practiceaheadoftime.C.Askalotofquestions.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?AMakinginvitations.B.Givingadvice.C.Seekinghelp.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThe4BestGroupTravelTourCompaniesfor2022BestOverallGroupTravel:ExodusTravelsThisaward-winninggrouptravelcompanytakesprideinthousandsofrepeatcustomerswhosignupfortripsyearafteryear.Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.BestAdventureGroupTravel:WorldExpeditionsWorldExpeditionsoffersactivetripsoneverycontinent.Travelerscanchoosefromtripsthemedaroundmountaineering,cycling,hiking,andsoon.Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.BestBudgetGroupTravel:GAdventuresGAdventuresisoneofthebesttourcompaniesforsolotravelers.YoucanchoosetosharearoomwithanotherGAdventuressolotraveler,orpayextratohaveyourownspace.GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.Familytours,locallivingtours,andwellness-focusedtoursarealsoavailable.BestSmall-groupTravel:IntrepidTravelsThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.Sinceitsfoundationin1989,Intrepidhasfocusedonprovidingastyleoftravelthathasallthebenefitsofindependenttravelwithnoneoftheusualtroubles,inwhichtouristsmeetlocalpeople,trylocalfoodandhavereallifeculturalexperiences.1.Whichcompanyissuitableforpeoplekeenoneco-tourism?A.GAdventures.B.ExodusTravels.C.IntrepidTravels.D.WorldExpeditions.2.WhatdoExodusTravelsandIntrepidTravelshaveincommon?A.Theywoninternationalawards.B.Theyprovidesmallgrouptours.C.Theycompeteforrepeatcustomers.D.Theyprovidefancyhotelsfortravelers.3.WhomightbemoreinterestedinGAdventures?A.Qualifiedtourguides.B.Peopleonatightbudget.C.Unusualpathadventurers.D.Peopleintoextremesports.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四家2022年度最佳團體旅游公司。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分的句子“Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.（該公司以“貼心旅行章程”為指導原則，強調尊重當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)，對當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)產生積極影響，保護野生動物等）”可知，WorldExpeditions這家旅游公司很注重對生態(tài)的保護，所以它適合于熱衷于保護生態(tài)的人們。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分的第二句話“Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.（這些小團體旅行團只有12-16人左右，而且總是有經(jīng)驗豐富的當?shù)貙в?，他們能給你關于目的地的獨特見解）”和最后一部分的第一句話“ThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.（這家很棒的澳大利亞公司采取獨立旅行的風格，是世界領先的小型冒險旅游公司之）”可知，ExodusTravels和IntrepidTravels兩家公司的共同點是他們都提供小型旅行團。故選B項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分的第三句話“GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.（GAdventures通過提供更便宜的酒店和當?shù)夭惋嫞⑻峁┮恍┛蛇x擇的活動，來降低成本）”可知，GAdventures的收費肯定較低，所以適合預算緊張的人。故選B項。BAtree-plantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30,000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheyremaintendedtofromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.Theclimatecrisiswilldisplace80millionpeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaalone.Elizabethsaid,“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.4.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies. B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults. D.Fightingclimatechange.5.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.6.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016?A.3,000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented. B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandhumorous.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。為了應對氣候變化和森林減少以及由氣候變化帶來的饑餓問題，ElizabethWathuti創(chuàng)立的慈善機構theGreenGenerationInitiative已在肯尼亞種了3萬多棵果樹?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亞的一個慈善機構，自2016年以來一直在這個東非國家植樹，以應對氣候變化和森林減少）”可知，這一倡議的目的是應對氣候變化。故選D項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句話“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.（超過200萬肯尼亞人正面臨與氣候相關的饑餓）”可知，肯尼亞目前面臨的危機是饑餓問題。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亞的一個慈善機構，自2016年以來一直在這個東非國家植樹，以應對氣候變化和森林減少）”可知，這一慈善機構是2016年成立的；再由第二段的前兩句話“FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.（該倡議由氣候活動人士Elizabethwasthuti在15歲時發(fā)起，其主要重點是通過學校的環(huán)境教育培養(yǎng)年輕的氣候活動人士，并通過種植果樹解決該地區(qū)的糧食不安全問題。自該項目成立以來，肯尼亞已種植了3萬多棵樹，數(shù)千名學童不僅植樹，而且認養(yǎng)樹木，以確保年輕人了解作為環(huán)境健康的監(jiān)護人的重要性）”可知，該慈善機構自成立以來，不僅種植了3萬棵果樹，還提高了年輕人的環(huán)保意識。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ElizabethWathuti創(chuàng)立慈善機構的目的，特別是第三段的第一句話“SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.（最近在格拉斯哥舉行的聯(lián)合國氣候大會上，Elizabeth對世界各國領導人發(fā)表講話，就氣候變化的威脅發(fā)出了嚴重警告）”和第四段的第一句話“Elizabethsaid,‘IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.’（Elizabeth說:‘我一直在做我能做的。在偉大的WangariMaathai啟發(fā)下，我創(chuàng)立了一個植樹計劃，以提高肯尼亞年輕人的糧食安全’）”可以推論出，ElizabethWathuti是一位富有愛心和責任心的人。故選B項。CIfyou’vefolloweddietingadviceandexperiencedsignificantweightloss,onlytohaveitreturn;you’renotalone.It’salsonotyourfault.Thehumanbodyisdesignedtomaintainbalanceasmuchaspossible.Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.Muscleismoremetabolicallyactivethanfat,whichmeansitburnsmorecaloriesatrestthanfatdoes.Ifyourbodystartsbreakingdownmuscletofuelitsbasicfunctions,thatcanfurtherslowyourmetabolismandmakelosingweightandkeepingitofflongtermdifficult.Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyouatinsufficiencywhilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds.Thiswillhelpkeepyourmetabolismworkingefficiently.Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.CandacePumper,astaffdietitianwiththeOhioStateUniversityWexnerMedicalCenterinColumbus,says,“TheAcademyofNutritionandDieteticspositionstatementonadultweightmanagementrecommends1,200to1,500caloriesperdayforwomenand1,500to1,800caloriesperdayformentosupportweightloss.”Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.8.Whydopeoplegainweightafterdietingforlong?A.Themuscleburnsfewercaloriesatrestthanfat. B.Thebodyfunctionsslowlybecauseofdieting.C.Itishardtostrikeabalancewhileinhunger. D.Itisimpossibletohavealong-termeffect.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“atinsufficiency”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.Beingimproper. B.BeingunhealthyC.Beinginadequate. D.Beingunnecessary.10.Whichofthefollowingmaydeterminecalorieloss?①age②weight③identity④genderA.②③④ B.①②③ C.①②④ D.①③④11.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Individualeffortsmatteralot. B.Professionaladviceisimportant.C.Calorieneedsvaryfrompersontoperson. D.Careproviderscanbereliedonforweightgain.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們長時間節(jié)食后體重會增加是因為節(jié)食導致身體運作緩慢。身體想要保持體重，緩慢的減肥方法比大幅減少卡路里更健康。為了達到減肥的速度，你需要攝入多少卡路里取決于幾個因素，包括你的年齡、初始體重、活動水平和性別?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.(在限制卡路里的環(huán)境中，身體適應每天使用更少的卡路里來運作。這會導致新陳代謝變慢，從而達到平衡。更難減肥，最終導致體重再次增加)”可知，人們長時間節(jié)食后體重會增加是因為節(jié)食導致身體運作緩慢。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.(因為身體想要保持體重，緩慢的減肥方法比大幅減少卡路里更健康)”以及劃線詞上文“It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyou”和下文“whilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds”可知，健康的減肥最好是通過攝入足夠的卡路里來控制你的減肥速度，以保持你的不足，同時仍然滿足你身體的大部分能量需求。故劃線詞意思是“不足”。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.(為了達到減肥的速度，你需要攝入多少卡路里取決于幾個因素，包括你的年齡、初始體重、活動水平和性別)”可知，年齡、體重和性別決定了卡路里的損失。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.(然而，她指出，這些指導方針“并不是要取代專業(yè)的營養(yǎng)建議或治療。建議人們聽從營養(yǎng)師的建議，攝入適當?shù)目防?，因為影響卡路里需求的因素很多?！彼€指出，如果一個人想快速減肥，他必須與醫(yī)療保健提供者合作，并在其監(jiān)督下)”可推知，最后一段表明專業(yè)建議很重要。故選B。DVoicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.Everythingfromyourvocalcordvibrations(聲帶振動)tobreathingpatternswhenyouspeakofferspotentialinformationaboutyourhealth,saysDr.YaelBensoussan,aleaderonthestudy.“Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?”Bensoussansays.“Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.”SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.Theteamwillstartbycollectingthevoicesofpeople.“Wewerereallylackinglargewhatwecallopensourcedatabases,”Bensoussansays.“Everyinstitutionhastheirowndatabase.Buttocreatethesenetworkswasreallyimportanttothenallowresearchersfromothergenerationstousethisdata.”Theultimategoalisanappthatcouldhelpbridgeaccesstoruralorunderservedcommunities,byhelpinggeneralpractitionersreferpatientstospecialists.Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.“Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,”saysYaelBensoussan.“Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?”12.WhatdoesYaelBensoussanmeaninParagraph2?A.Voicesmayhelpwithillnessdiagnosis.B.ScientistscanrelyonanAItodetectillness.C.Diseasesymptomscanbenotedbymachines.D.It’snecessaryfordoctorstolistentopatientstalking.13.Howwilltheresearchbecarriedout?A.Bybuildingabase.B.Bycollectingdata.C.Byconnectingcommunities.D.Bymatchingclinicalinformation.14.WhyisHIPAAmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovetheresearchers’idea.B.Toexplaintheproceduresofthestudy.C.Toimplytheproblemswiththeresearch.D.Toensurethecommercialvalueofthestudy.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnApplicationforVoiceStudyB.Data-collectedApproachtoResearchC.ABreakthroughinMedicalFindingsDSound-aidedAIHelpsWithDiagnosis【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個大規(guī)模的研究項目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“‘Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?’Bensoussansays.‘Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.’SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.(‘我們問專家：如果你在病人進來時閉上眼睛，只聽他們的聲音，你能知道他們的診斷嗎？’Bensoussan說?！@就是我們獲得所有信息的地方?！f話低沉緩慢的人可能患有帕金森氏癥。說話含糊不清是中風的征兆?？茖W家甚至可以診斷出抑郁癥或癌癥。)”可知，通過Bensoussan的話我們可以知道，聲音可能有助于疾病診斷。故選A選?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.(要做到這一點，研究人員必須從收集數(shù)據(jù)開始，因為人工智能只能獲得與其所學習的數(shù)據(jù)庫一樣好的數(shù)據(jù)。到四年結束時，他們希望收集到大約30000個聲音，以及其他生物標志物的數(shù)據(jù)，如臨床數(shù)據(jù)和遺傳信息，以進行匹配。)”可知，接下來研究所將要收集聲音數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.‘Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,’saysYaelBensoussan.‘Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?’(這里有幾個障礙。HIPAA——監(jiān)管醫(yī)療隱私的法律——并不清楚研究人員是否可以分享聲音?！僭O你為我們的項目貢獻了自己的聲音，’YaelBensoussan說道?！曇魧儆谡l？我們可以用它做什么？研究人員可以用它來做什么？它可以商業(yè)化嗎？’)”可知，文章提到HIPAA是為了說明這研究所面臨的一些問題。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Voicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.(聲音提供了很多信息。事實證明，他們甚至可以幫助診斷疾病。美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個大規(guī)模的研究項目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人的人工智能。)”以及下文可知，文章主要講述美國正在研究以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能。所以D項Sound-aidedAIHelpWithDiagnosis(聲音輔助AI幫助診斷)符合文意。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Work,familyandworldeventscanbesostressfulthatitfeelslikeoptimismandjoyarefaroutofreach.Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!____16____Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.____17____Ifnot,keepaphotoonyourphoneorcomputerofabeautiful,favoriteplaceandtakeamomenttoimagineyourselfthere.What’stheweatherlike?Whatdoestheairsmelllike?Whatareyoudoingwhileyou’rethere?Howdoesbeingtheremakeyoufeel?You’llinstantlyfeelcalmer,lostinthedaydreamorthememoryofyourhappyplace.Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.____18____“Badthingsalwayshappentome,”becomes“WhatlessoncanIlearnfromthissituation?”“Iwastedthewholeday,”becomes“Istillhave5morehourslefttomaketodayagreatday!”Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.____19____Thatmaymeangettinglessdoneduringtheday,butyoudeservetotakeamentalbreak,regularly.Sogiveprioritytothetimeyouneedtorecharge.____20____Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.A.Youcanalsovolunteeratyourlocalshelter.B.Ithelpsfocusonthepresentandclearyourmind.C.Thankfully,therearewaysyoucangetbackontrack.D.Ifyou’reable,getintonatureandbreathethefreshair.E.Relieveyourstressandrefreshyourmind,bodyandspirit.F.Whenanegativethoughtflashes,replaceitwithapositiveone.G.Whenanegativeattitudetakesover,shakeitoffbypractisinggratitude.【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.E20.G【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何擺脫壓力和糟糕情緒?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!(任何人都可能陷入糟糕的情緒——但你不必待在那里！)”可知，上文告訴我們任何人都可以擺脫糟糕的情緒，不必深陷其中，C項“幸好，有很多方法可以讓你回到正軌?！蹦軌虺薪由衔?，且能夠引起下文，下文介紹了擺脫糟糕情緒的方法。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.(一旦你有了需要擺脫的情緒，就你讓你快樂的地方開始。)”可知，上文告訴我們可以通過從讓你快樂的地方擺脫糟糕的情緒，D項“如果可以，進入大自然，呼吸新鮮空氣?！蹦軌虺薪由衔模按笞匀弧笔亲屇愀械娇鞓返牡胤?，你可以去那里呼吸新鮮空氣。故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.(我們可能通過不斷思考消極的想法來使我們的處境變得更糟。)”可知，上文告訴我們不斷思考消極的想法會使我們的處境變得更糟，F(xiàn)項“當消極的想法閃現(xiàn)時，用積極的想法代替它?！蹦軌虺薪由衔?，為了擺脫糟糕的情緒，我們要用積極的想法代替消極的想法。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.(無論是去你最喜歡的咖啡館喝咖啡，還是去電影院看電影，確保每周安排一些“我”的時間。)”可知，上文告訴我們每周要安排一些屬于自己的時間，E項“緩解你的壓力，恢復你的思想、身體和精神。”能夠承接上文，每周要安排一些屬于自己的時間，這樣做可以緩解你的壓力，讓你的思想、身體和精神得到恢復。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.(無論是上班路上難得的順暢交通，還是天氣晴好，你都沒有時間抱怨負面的事情，因為你忙著感恩。)”可知，下文告訴我們要學會感恩身邊的人和事物，G項“當消極態(tài)度占據(jù)上風時，通過練習感恩來擺脫它。”能夠引起下文，告訴我們要通過感恩來擺脫消極態(tài)度，選項中的“gratitude”和下文的“grateful”相呼應。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EarlyspringcanbeatoughtimeintheMidwest.Itcan____21____bothpeopleandanimalswithitsunexpectedsnowstorms.Everyspring,migratory(遷徙的)birdscampoutinalargepondnearmyhouseonthewaytotheirsummer____22____.Thisyear,besidesgeese,scaups,atypeofdivingduckspentdayshangingout____23____eats.Thenasnowstormhit,followedbyavery____24____night.Thenextmorning,Iwasshockedtoseethatallbirdshad____25____overnight—exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving____26____anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater.Hermovementandbodyheathadkeptthe____27____fromcomingcloseasI____28____herfrommywarmhouse.However,asthetemperaturedropped,theopenwatergotsmaller,andhermovementsslowed.Iwatchedwith____29____assheeventuallystoppedmoving,fearingthatsomethingmighthappen.Andthenithappened:Twomoreducksappeared,____30____nexttoherstillbody.Moreduckscameandthecircleofwatercamealivewiththeirsplashinganddiving.Slowly,thecircleofwater____31____insize.Withinminutes,thelonefemalewasrevivedbyherfriends’presence.Thislittleduckwouldn’thave____32____anothernightwithoutherfriends.She,inturn,hadkeptthatareaofwater____33____,soherfriendshadaplacetostopand____34____themselves.Sometimes,atinyaction—evenourmere____35____—mightbrightenone’sday,andevensaveone’slife.21.A.scare B.move C.surprise D.beat22.A.camp B.vacations C.courses D.habitat23.A.regardlessof B.insearchof C.inadditionto D.asfor24.A.dark B.starry C.peaceful D.freezing25.A.gathered B.disappeared C.panicked D.fainted26.A.energetically B.patiently C.calmly D.cautiously27.A.ice B.house C.snowstorm D.water28.A.tended B.followed C.watched D.recorded29.A.relief B.doubt C.anxiety D.pleasure30.A.rowing B.landing C.circling D.feeding31.A.increased B.decreased C.transformed D.formed32.A.spared B.wasted C.spent D.lasted33.A.still B.open C.clean D.steady34.A.motivate B.remind C.judge D.refresh35.A.presence B.appreciation C.attitude D.request【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.B26.A27.A28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章通過敘述母鴨陷入危險最終得救的故事告訴我們：一個小小的動作，甚至是我們的出現(xiàn)，都有可能給某個人的生活帶來光明?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它會以意想不到的暴風雪讓人和動物大吃一驚。A.scare使驚恐，嚇唬；B.move（使）移動，使感動；C.surprise使吃驚，給……驚喜；D.beat打敗。根據(jù)“withitsunexpectedsnowstorms”可知，早春時節(jié)會出現(xiàn)意想不到的暴風雪，讓人和動物都大吃一驚。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每年春天，遷徙的鳥在去夏季棲息地的路上，會在我家附近的一個大池塘里扎營。A.camp營地；B.vacations假期；C.courses課程；D.habitat棲息地。根據(jù)“migratory(遷徙的)birds”可知，此處指遷徙的鳥在去往棲息地的路上，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：今年，除了鵝，一種潛水鴨也花了好幾天的時間徘徊著來尋找食物。A.regardlessof不管；B.insearchof尋找；C.inadditionto除……之外；D.asfor至于。根據(jù)語境及“hangingout”可知，潛鴨徘徊是為了尋找吃的東西。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后一場暴風雪來了，接著是一個非常寒冷的夜晚。A.dark黑暗的；B.starry布滿星星的；C.peaceful平靜的；D.freezing極冷的，冰凍的。根據(jù)“Thenasnowstormhit”可知，暴風雪襲來，接著應是一個非常寒冷的夜晚，故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的鳥都在一夜之間消失了——只剩下一只母鴨，它正在開闊的水域里積極而活躍地潛水。A.gathered聚集；B.disappeared消失；C.panicked使恐慌；D.fainted昏厥。根據(jù)“exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving____6____anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater”可知，除了一只孤單的母鴨，其他的都消失了。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.energetically精力充沛地；B.patiently耐心地；C.calmly冷靜地；D.cautiously小心地。此處和“dynamically(充滿活力地)”意義一致，energetically符合語境，故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我在溫暖的屋子里看著她時，她的動作和身體的熱量阻止了冰靠近。A.ice冰；B.house房子；C.snowstorm暴風雪；D.water水。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，母鴨用她的體溫和身體運動的熱量使開闊的水域不被冰封住。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.tended傾向于；B.followed跟隨；C.watched觀看，注視；D.recorded記錄。根據(jù)此處對母鴨的描寫及下文“Iwatchedwith____9____assheeventuallystoppedmoving”可知，作者在溫暖的屋子里注視著這一切，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我擔憂地看著她最終停止了移動，擔心會發(fā)生什么事。A.relief寬慰；B.d