山東省臨沂市2021-2022學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題 附答案

2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWriter’sDigestAnnualWritingCompetitionWriter’sDigesthasbeenshiningaspotlightonupandcomingwritersinallgenres(體裁)throughitsAnnualWritingCompetitionformorethan80years.Enterour89thAnnualWritingCompetitionforyourchancetowinandhaveyourworkbeseenbyeditorsandagents!Prizes·OneGrandPrizewinnerwillreceive:$5.000incashandaninterviewwiththeminWriter'sDigest(Nov/Dec2022issue)andonWritersDigest.com.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference,includingspecialrecognitionatthekeynote.·Alltopwinnerswillreceive:

TheirnamesandthetitleoftheirwinningpiecelistedinWriter’sDigestandonWritersDigest.comAone-yearsubscription(neworrenewal)toWriter’sDigestmagazineAoneyearsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestTutorials20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversityPricingandDeadlines·Early-BirdDeadline:May6,2022Poetryentry—$20forthefirstentry;$15foreachadditionalpoetryentry.Manuscriptentry—$30forthefirstentry;$25foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.·RegularDeadline:June6,2022Poetryentry—$25forthefirstentry;$20foreachadditionalpoetryentry.Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.Preparingyourentry·Pleasesubmittextonly;illustrationsarenotaccepted.·Coverpagesareoptional;titlesarenotrequestedornecessary.·Wordcountsarenottoincludeentrytitle.·Acceptedfileformal:pdf.Donotattachzippedfiles,ordocumentsstoredontheweb.HowtoEnterCreateyourfreeSubmittableaccountbyclickingtheSUBMITbutton.IfyoualreadyhaveaSubmittableaccount,simplylogin!1.Whatwillalltopwinnersreceive?A.TheirwinningpiecepublishedinWriter’sDigestB.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference.C.FreepermenantsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestmagazine.D.Purchasesata20%discountatWriter’sDigestUniversity.2.IfsomeonesubmitstwomanuscriptentriesonMay22nd,howmuchshouldhepay?A.$65 B.$55. C.$45. D.$353.Whichofthefollowingmustbesubmittedinanentry?A.Titles. B.Coverpages. C.Textsinpdf. D.Illustrations【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文?！蹲骷椅恼返哪甓葘懽鞅荣愐呀?jīng)舉辦了80多年，它一直是所有流派中嶄露頭角的作家的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)，這是一篇《作家文摘》年度寫作比賽的征文啟事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alltopwinnerswillreceive”部分最后一句“20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversity”(在作家文摘大學(xué)買東西可以打八折)可知，所有優(yōu)勝者都可以在作家文摘大學(xué)享受8折購買優(yōu)惠。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PricingandDeadlines”部分“RegularDeadline:June6,2022”中的最后一句“Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.”(稿件投稿：第一次投稿$35；每增加一篇稿件30美元。)可知，如果有人在5月22日提交兩份稿件，他應(yīng)該支付65美元。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Preparingyourentry”部分第一句中的“Pleasesubmittextonly”(請(qǐng)只提交文字)和倒第二句“Acceptedfileformal:pdf.”(接受文件格式：pdf。)可知，pdf格式的文本必須在條目中提交。故選C。BAletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”saidGenovefaKlonovskaafterbeinghandedtheletter,whichincludedahandmadecoloredroseandtwopaperdolls.Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole(通風(fēng)口)thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.JurgisVilnius,ownerofthebuildingimmediatelycalledthepostoffice.“I’msohappytheygotinterested,”saidhe.StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.Onlyfivewerefound.Inseveralcaseschildrenoflaterecipientswerehandedalostletter.“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis,”saidDeimanteZebrauskaite,headofthecustomerexperiencedepartmentatLithuaniaPost.Oneladycomparedtheexperiencetoreceivingamessagefromabottlethrownintosea.Peoplewereemotional.“Somefelttheysawapartofdailylifeoftheirdeceasedparents,”Zebrauskaitesaid.InthelettertoKlonovska,sentfromKoezaryinPolandandstampedin1970,agirlnamedEwacomplainsbusesnolongerreachhervillage,soshehastowalkinminus23degreeCelsiuscold,andasksforpicturesofactors.Nowinher60s,KlonovskahasnomemoryofEwa.SheprobablywroteEwaafterfindingheraddressadvertisingforpenpalsinanewspaper,andtherelationshipceasedafterthelettergotundelivered.“Sogoodthattheletterdidn'tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing,”saidKlonovska“Whatiftheydeliveredalostletterfromasuitor(求婚者)tohislove,andtheirweddingneverhappened?”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pranking”inParagraph1mean?A.Brightening. B.Embarrassing. C.Tricking. D.Pleasing.5.WhathappenedtothelettersinParagraph2?A.Theywereaccidentallyfound.B.Theyremainedwell-preserved.C.Theyweredeliveredbytheformerpostoffice.D.Theywerehiddenbytheownerofthebuilding.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepresentpostofficeinVilnius?A.Generous. B.Dutiful. C.Honest. D.Cautious.7.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatKlonovskasaid?AKlonovskarefusedasuitor.B.Klonovskastoppedthewedding.C.Theundeliveredletterruinedtherelationship.D.Theundeliveredlettermadelittledifferencetoher.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是今年夏天，維爾紐斯郊區(qū)的一家前郵局的一堵墻被拆掉時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了18封很久以前發(fā)出的信，郵局工作人員很負(fù)責(zé)任地花了數(shù)月時(shí)間尋找合適的收信人?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“Aletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.（一封寫給立陶宛一名12歲女孩的信于去年12月才送達(dá)，但距波蘭筆友寄出這封信的時(shí)間已經(jīng)近51年了。）”可知，立陶宛的女孩收到了51年前寄給她的信，由此推知當(dāng)她收到信時(shí)，她難以相信，甚至可能覺得有人捉弄她，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和女孩的話“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”可推知，劃線詞pranking的意思是“欺騙”，即Tricking，故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole(通風(fēng)口)thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.（今年夏天，維爾紐斯郊區(qū)一家前郵局的一堵墻被推倒，這封信連同另外17封信從通風(fēng)孔里掉了出來，既臟又皺。）”可知，那些信是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.（維爾紐斯的街道名稱和編號(hào)都發(fā)生了變化，郵局工作人員花了數(shù)月時(shí)間尋找合適的房屋，并與當(dāng)前的租客和鄰居交談，追蹤收件人搬到了哪里。）”及第四段的“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis（我們覺得這樣做是一種道義上的責(zé)任）”可推知，郵局費(fèi)勁地尋找收信人，說明郵局是盡職的，即Dutiful，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Klonovska的話“Sogoodthattheletterdidn’tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing（好在這封信無關(guān)緊要。損失并沒有改變生活）”可知，那封未送達(dá)的信對(duì)Klonovska沒有什么影響。故選D。CWhenevaluatingpeopleonvariouspsychologicaltests,psychologistsoftendistinguishbetweenmarkersofabsoluteperformanceandrelativeperformance.Absoluteperformancereflectstherawmeasurementofsomething,likethetimeittakestorunamile.Relativeperformanceishowapersonratesinrelationtotheirpeers,asinwhatplacearunnergetsinarace.Thestandardsweusetoevaluateourselvesarealmostalwaysrelative,aswecompareourselvestoourpeersandthestandardsthataremostfamiliartous.Forinstance,inmyprivatepractice,IhaveonepatientIwillcall“Omar”whoisdependentonsocialservicesandmakeslessthan$30,000peryearathisjob.Whilethislevelofpovertywouldleadmostpeopletowakeupdepressedeachday,OmarisoneofthemostoptimisticandappreciativeindividualsIknow.Why?Becausemostofhisclosestpeers—hissiblingsandfriendsfromchildhood—havelivesfarworsethanhis.IncontrasttoOmar,Ihaveanotherpatient,anadolescentI’llcall“Lena”,whosefamilyhaspropertyover$5million.Lena,however,livesinanupper-classneighborhoodwhereherfamilyisatthelowerendoftheincomelevel.ThoughLena'sfamilyallowshertoenjoypossessionsandexperiencesthatlessthanIpercentofherpeersacrosstheworldcanshare,sheconsistentlyfeels“l(fā)essthan”.Why?BecauseLenadoesn'tcompareherselftotherestoftheworld;Thisistooabstractanexerciseforher,asitwouldbeformostofus.Accordingly,whetherapsychologistispsychodynamicorcognitive-behavioral,therapy(療法)withindividualsstrugglingwithsituationalorpsychologicaldepressionaimstosolvetheproblemsassociatedwithbasingone'sself-worthoncomparisonswithothers.Psychologiststrytohelppeoplefocusonpersonalgrowtharoundtheachievementofconcretegoalsinlinewiththeirvalues.independentoftheachievementofothers.Forallofus,definingthesegoals,especiallyduringPeriodsofemotionalcalm,cangoalongwayinhelpingustoavoidthetrapofrelativitythatoftenleadstosituationalandpsychologicaldepression.8.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Toshowthesignificanceofevaluatingpeople.B.Tomotivatereaderstostudypsychologicaltests.C.Tohelppeopleperformwellinpsychologicaltests.D.Toprovidesomebackgroundinformationonevaluatingpeople.9.Whydoestheauthormentionhistwopatients?A.Tomeasuredifferentachievement.B.Tointroducethestandardstoevaluatepeople.C.Toexplainrelativeperformancewithexamples.D.Tocontrastrelativeperformanceandabsoluteperformance.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Settinggoalsinlifeisessentialforeveryone.B.It'simportanttoavoidunhealthycomparisons.C.Asenseofachievementcanaffectone'shappiness,D.Improvingself-worthcanhelpgetridofdepression.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Happiness:Isitallrelative?B.Self-worth:Isitmeasurable?C.Self-worth:Isitbasedonefforts?D.Happiness:Isitassociatedwithachievement?【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章話題為“幸福是否與成就有關(guān)？”文章通過兩個(gè)幸福與收入的不同的相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了論證，并建議大家要避免陷入不健康的攀比?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenevaluatingpeopleonvariouspsychologicaltests,psychologistsoftendistinguishbetweenmarkersofabsoluteperformanceandrelativeperformance.Absoluteperformancereflectstherawmeasurementofsomething,likethetimeittakestorunamile.Relativeperformanceishowapersonratesinrelationtotheirpeers,asinwhatplacearunnergetsinarace.(當(dāng)通過各種心理測(cè)試來評(píng)估一個(gè)人時(shí)，心理學(xué)家通常會(huì)區(qū)分絕對(duì)表現(xiàn)和相對(duì)表現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志。絕對(duì)性表現(xiàn)能反映了對(duì)某些東西的原始衡量，比如跑一英里所需的時(shí)間。相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)是指一個(gè)人在與其同伴的比較中如何評(píng)價(jià)自己，比如一個(gè)跑步者在比賽中所處的位置)”可知，第一段提供了一些信息：心理學(xué)家用“絕對(duì)性表現(xiàn)“和“相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)”來做評(píng)估區(qū)分。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Whilethislevelofpovertywouldleadmostpeopletowakeupdepressedeachday,OmarisoneofthemostoptimisticandappreciativeindividualsIknow.Why?Becausemostofhisclosestpeers—hissiblingsandfriendsfromchildhood—havelivesfarworsethanhis.(雖然這種貧困水平會(huì)導(dǎo)致大多數(shù)人每天醒來都很沮喪，奧馬爾是我認(rèn)識(shí)的最樂觀、最有欣賞力的人之一。為什么?因?yàn)樗钣H密的同齡人——他的兄弟姐妹和童年朋友——的生活比他糟糕得多)”可知，Omar盡管收入不高，但是他是他的圈子里錢最多的，所以他樂觀；第三段第一句“IncontrasttoOmar,Ihaveanotherpatient,anadolescentI’llcall‘Lena’,whosefamilyhaspropertyover$5million.Lena,however,livesinanupper-classneighborhoodwhereherfamilyisatthelowerendoftheincomelevel.ThoughLena'sfamilyallowshertoenjoypossessionsandexperiencesthatlessthan1percentofherpeersacrosstheworldcanshare,sheconsistentlyfeels‘lessthan’.(與奧馬爾不同的是，我還有一個(gè)病人，我稱她為“莉娜”，她的家庭財(cái)產(chǎn)超過500萬美元。然而，萊娜住在一個(gè)上流社會(huì)的社區(qū)，她的家庭收入在這個(gè)社區(qū)里屬于水平較低的。雖然莉娜的家庭允許她享受不到世界上1%的同齡人能分享的財(cái)產(chǎn)和經(jīng)歷，但她始終感到‘不足’)”可知，Lena在她的社區(qū)里屬于下層地位，盡管她已經(jīng)很有錢。通過兩個(gè)案例，作者介紹了什么叫做幸福和收入的相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Forallofus,definingthesegoals,especiallyduringPeriodsofemotionalcalm,cangoalongwayinhelpingustoavoidthetrapofrelativitythatoftenleadstosituationalandpsychologicaldepression.(對(duì)我們所有人來說，確定這些目標(biāo)，特別是在情緒平靜的時(shí)期，可有利于我們避免落入相對(duì)型表現(xiàn)的陷阱，它經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致情境性心理抑郁)”可知，情境性心理抑郁是不健康的比較方式造成的，所以我們得避免陷入它的陷阱。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一段介紹說當(dāng)通過各種心理測(cè)試來評(píng)估一個(gè)人時(shí)，心理學(xué)家通常會(huì)區(qū)分絕對(duì)性表現(xiàn)和相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志。第二、三段通過兩個(gè)例子介紹了不同的幸福與收入的相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)：窮的人過得很開心，有錢的依舊在喊窮。第四段則介紹對(duì)于那些患有情境性或心理抑郁癥的人應(yīng)該避免陷入相對(duì)性表現(xiàn)的陷阱。所以，D項(xiàng)“Happiness:Isitassociatedwithachievement?(幸福：它與成就有關(guān)嗎?)”，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。

DAstudyofteenagegirls’selfie-taking(自拍)behaviorsfoundthattakingandsharingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotlinkedtopoorbodyimageorappearanceconcerns.However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofArizona,foundthatselfieeditingandtimeinvestedincreatingandselectingtheperfectselfiewerebothrelatedtoself-objectification,whichledtobodyshame,appearanceanxietyandmorenegativeappearanceevaluationsinteengirls.“Self-objectificationistheideathatyoucometothinkofyourselfasanexternalobjecttobeviewedbyotherpeople,”saidseniorstudyauthorJenniferAubrey,anassociateprofessorattheUA.Basedonastudyof278teenagegirls,“Ourmainfindingwasthatwereallyshouldn’tbetooworriedaboutkidswhotakeselfiesandsharethem;that’snotwherethenegativeeffectscomefrom.It’stheinvestmentandtheeditingthatyieldednegativeeffects,”Aubreysaid.“Selfieeditingandselfieinvestmentpredictedself-objectification,andgirlswhoself-objectifyweremorelikelytofeelshamefulabouttheirbodiesoranxiousabouttheirappearance.”“Self-objectificationisthepathwaytosomanythingsinadolescencethatwewanttoprevent,”Aubreysaid.“So,interventionsreallyshouldfocusonhowwecanencouragegirlstodevelopanawarenessofthemselvesthatdoesn’tonlydependonwhattheylookliketootherpeople.”Theresearcherssaidparentsandcaregiversofadolescentgirlsshouldbeawarethatifateenseemstobeobsessed(癡迷的),itmightbetimeforatalk.Theresearchersalsonotethattherecanbedifferentmotivationsforsharingselfies.“Selfiesareapartofthemedialandscape,butyoushouldpostthemforreasonsotherthantryingtogetpeopletoadmireyourappearanceoryourbody.”Aubreysaid.Withanestimated93millionselfiestakeneachday,theyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon,norshouldthey.Theimportantthingtorememberis:Selfiesaren’tbad.Justdon’tobsess.12.Whatbehaviorofadolescentgirlsmaycauseconcern?A.Takingselfies.B.Caringabouttheirimages.C.Sharingselfiesonsocialmedia.D.Overusingeditingappstobeautifytheirimages.13.Fromthetext,whatcanwelearnaboutself-objectification?A.Itpredictsselfieinvestment. B.Itislinkedtoselfieobsession.C.Itpreventsproblemsinadolescence. D.Itcontributestoobjectiveevaluation.14.Whatshouldinterventionscenteron?A.Whentohaveatalkwithteengirls. B.Whentoendselfie-takingbehaviors.C.Howtohelpformahealthyself-awareness. D.Howtopreventteenagegirls'crazeforselfies.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencenewspaper.C.Apsychologytextbook. D.Anentertainmentmagazine.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。自拍編輯以及花在創(chuàng)造和選擇一張完美自拍上的時(shí)間都與自我物化有關(guān)，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致青少年女孩對(duì)自己的身體感到羞恥、外貌焦慮和更消極的外貌評(píng)價(jià)，文章介紹了自我物化以及形成健康的自我意識(shí)的重要性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.”(然而，當(dāng)青春期女孩花太多時(shí)間糾結(jié)于發(fā)布哪張自己的照片，或者嚴(yán)重依賴編輯應(yīng)用程序來修改自己的照片時(shí)，可能會(huì)引起擔(dān)憂。)可知，過度使用編輯應(yīng)用程序來美化照片可能會(huì)引起擔(dān)憂。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofArizona,foundthatselfieeditingandtimeinvestedincreatingandselectingtheperfectselfiewerebothrelatedtoself-objectification”(亞利桑那大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，自拍編輯以及花在創(chuàng)造和選擇一張完美自拍上的時(shí)間都與自我物化有關(guān))和第三段中“Selfieeditingandselfieinvestmentpredictedself-objectification”(自拍編輯和投入時(shí)間和精力自拍預(yù)示著了自我物化。)可推知，自我物化與花時(shí)間和精力進(jìn)行自拍編輯，與沉迷于自拍有關(guān)。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“So,interventionsreallyshouldfocusonhowwecanencouragegirlstodevelopanawarenessofthemselvesthatdoesn’tonlydependonwhattheylookliketootherpeople.”(所以，干預(yù)措施真正應(yīng)該關(guān)注的是我們?nèi)绾喂膭?lì)女孩培養(yǎng)自我意識(shí)，而不是僅僅依賴于她們?cè)趧e人眼中的樣子。)可知，干預(yù)應(yīng)以如何幫助形成健康的自我意識(shí)為中心。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段“Astudyofteenagegirls’selfie-taking(自拍)behaviorsfoundthattakingandsharingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotlinkedtopoorbodyimageorappearanceconcerns.However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.”(一項(xiàng)針對(duì)十幾歲女孩自拍行為的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在社交媒體上自拍和分享自拍與不良的身體形象或外表問題無關(guān)。然而，當(dāng)青春期女孩花太多時(shí)間糾結(jié)該上傳哪張自己的照片，或者嚴(yán)重依賴于編輯應(yīng)用程序來修改圖片時(shí)，可能就有理由擔(dān)心了。)可知，文章介紹了與青少年心理健康相關(guān)的科學(xué)研究，再結(jié)合文章最后的建議“Theimportantthingtorememberis:Selfiesaren’tbad.Justdon’tobsess.(重要的是要記?。鹤耘牟⒉辉愀狻Ｖ皇莿e沉迷。)”可推知，文章很可能來自一份科學(xué)報(bào)。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foralongtime,sportshavebeenviewedasawaytostayhealthyandinshape,buttheirimportancegoesmuchfurther.Fromasocialstandpoint,sportsareapowerfultoolthatbringspeopletogetherandcreatesasenseofcommunity._____16_____Asaninternationalstudent,playingpick-upbasketballatthegymwasthefastestandeasiestwaytomakefriends.Asastudent,Ihadverychallengingclassesandoccasionallyhadtodealwithbadhomeworkormidtermgrades.IlearnedthatIamnotalwaysgoingtogettheresultsthatIwant,butnomatterwhat,Ihavetopersevereandnotgiveup._____17_____Inadditiontothat,exercisingisagreatwaytogetoutofthestressfulcollegelifethatisallabouthomework,presentations,andgroupprojects._____18_____IpersonallythinkthatIwouldgocrazywithoutgoingtothegymatleastthreetimesaweek.Thereasonmoststudentsdonotplaysportsisbecausetheyfeellazyaboutitanddon'thavetheenergyforit._____19_____Asamatteroffact,exercisepumpsmoreoxygenthroughyourbloodandmakesyourentiresystemmoreactive._____20_____Besidesjustbeingfun,sportscanhelpyouperformbetterinschool,relaxmoreandworryless,dealwithsetbacks,workbetterwithothersandincreaseyourenergy.A.Tosumup,playingcollegesportshassomeseriousbenefits.B.Inshort,playingsportscanhelpstudentsbecomemoreenergetic.C.Theyhelpedmegetonverywellwithmyteachersandclassmates.D.Infact,playingsportshelpsstudentsrelaxandreducetheiranxiety.E.SportsgavemeapositiveattitudewhereIseefallingasawaytolearn.F.Theydevelopconnectionsthatbondtogetherpeoplefromallwalksoflife.G.However,thebeliefthattheintenseexercisewillleaveyouexhaustediswrong.【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)能帶來的很多好處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Fromasocialstandpoint,sportsareapowerfultoolthatbringspeopletogetherandcreatesasenseofcommunity.”(從社會(huì)的角度來看，體育是一種強(qiáng)大的工具，可以將人們聚集在一起，創(chuàng)造一種社區(qū)感。)可知，此處是講體育對(duì)人們的社交活動(dòng)有益。所以選項(xiàng)F“他們建立起聯(lián)系，把各行各業(yè)的人聯(lián)系在一起?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xF。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文“IlearnedthatIamnotalwaysgoingtogettheresultsthatIwant,butnomatterwhat,Ihavetopersevereandnotgiveup.”(我明白了，我并不總是能得到我想要的結(jié)果，但無論如何，我必須堅(jiān)持，不放棄。)可知，此處是講體育鍛煉教會(huì)作者面對(duì)失敗要有一種積極的態(tài)度，所以選項(xiàng)E“運(yùn)動(dòng)給了我積極的態(tài)度，我把跌倒看作是一種學(xué)習(xí)的方式?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xE。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inadditiontothat,exercisingisagreatwaytogetoutofthestressfulcollegelifethatisallabouthomework,presentations,andgroupprojects.”(除此之外，鍛煉是擺脫緊張的大學(xué)生活的一個(gè)很好的方式，大學(xué)生活充滿了家庭作業(yè)、演講和小組項(xiàng)目。)可知，此處是講體育鍛煉能夠讓大學(xué)生更加充滿能量，所以選項(xiàng)B“簡而言之，運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助學(xué)生變得更有活力?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xB。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thereasonmoststudentsdonotplaysportsisbecausetheyfeellazyaboutitanddon'thavetheenergyforit.”(大多數(shù)學(xué)生不做運(yùn)動(dòng)的原因是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)感到懶惰，沒有精力做運(yùn)動(dòng)。)可知，選項(xiàng)G中的“thebeliefthattheintenseexercisewillleaveyouexhaustediswrong”(認(rèn)為劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)讓你精疲力竭的想法是錯(cuò)誤的)和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，對(duì)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)折詞however。所以選項(xiàng)G“然而，那種認(rèn)為劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)讓你精疲力竭的想法是錯(cuò)誤的。”切合文意。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Besidesjustbeingfun,sportscanhelpyouperformbetterinschool,relaxmoreandworryless,dealwithsetbacks,workbetterwithothersandincreaseyourenergy.”(除了好玩之外，運(yùn)動(dòng)還能幫助你在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)得更好，更多地放松，更少地?fù)?dān)心，應(yīng)對(duì)挫折，更好地與他人合作，增加你的精力。)可知，此處是總結(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)的諸多好處，所以選項(xiàng)A“總而言之，參加大學(xué)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)有一些重要的好處?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xA。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Hearingthenotescomingfromtheothersideofthewall,Giorgiowasmoved.Thiswasourwayofsaying“Idon'tknowwhoyouare,butI'mhere.You'renot______21______.”Itturnedouthisneighbor'snamewasEmilandhewas78yearsold,_____22_____fromPoland.Hiswifehad_____23_____inDecemberfromCOVID-19andthe_____24_____inwhichhewasstayingwasatemporaryaccommodationuntilhewouldsellhishouse.TheonlycomfortlefttoEmilwashis_____25_____.Thereasonhewasplayingat2p.m.everyweekendandalsoduetting(二重奏)atthattimewithGiorgiowasbecauseofhis_____26_____.“WhenIwrotethesong—DearEmil,Istarted_____27_____Emil'slife.A78widowerthatlosttheloveofhislifebecauseofthisstupid______28______.Spendingdaysaloneathomeduetolockdown,playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend,untila_____29_____appearedonhisdoor,onewhichreadyouare_____30_____,andnotalone.Andanewfriendshipstarted,twopianosbetweenawall.Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying,itdidn't_____31_____.Youcanbethe_____32_____tosomebodyelse'sdarkness.”saidGiorgio.GiorgiosharedonMarch14ththathe’dreceived_____33_____thatEmilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep:“Andnowheis_____34_____hiswife.”“DearEmil,”hewrote.“Iknewlittleaboutyou,butyou_____35_____mylife.Yougavemebackmypassion,believingmusiccanbepowerful.”21.A.unique B.awake C.alone D.accompanied22A.originally B.eventually C.typically D.regularly23.A.gotsick B.passedaway C.gotinjured D.passedby24.A.hospital B.store C.firm D.apartment25.A.piano B.violin C.photo D.instrument26.A.wife B.friend C.mother D.daughter27.A.describing B.picturing C.admiring D.predicting28.A.hurt B.challenge C.virus D.war29.A.tap B.knock C.call D.note30.A.heard B.seen C.felt D.smelled31.A.doubt B.affect C.matter D.conflict32.A.object B.light C.trouble D.worry33.A.order B.instruction C.promise D.word34.A.harmoniouswith B.similarto C.equalto D.reunitedwith35.A.bettered B.disturbed C.changed D.confirmed【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。喬治在疫情封鎖期間和隔壁鄰居一起彈奏鋼琴，這位鄰居因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔槭チ俗约旱钠拮樱瑑扇嗽诜怄i期間用琴聲互相陪伴和傾聽?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你不是一個(gè)人。A.unique獨(dú)特的；B.awake醒著的；C.alone獨(dú)自的；D.accompanied伴隨的。根據(jù)前文“Idon'tknowwhoyouare,butI'mhere”(我不知道你是誰，但我在這里)下文“notalone”也是提示。可知，此處是講你不是一個(gè)人。故選C。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：原來他的鄰居名叫埃米爾，78歲，來自波蘭。A.originally起初，原來；B.eventually最終；C.typically典型地，有代表性地；D.regularly定期地，有規(guī)律地。根據(jù)“fromPoland”可知，此處是指埃米爾原本來自波蘭。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他賣掉房子之前的臨時(shí)住所。A.gotsick生病；B.passedaway去世；C.gotinjured受傷；D.passedby經(jīng)過。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)osttheloveofhislife”(失去了他一生的摯愛)可知，此處是指他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他賣掉房子之前的臨時(shí)住所。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.store商店；C.firm公司；D.apartment公寓。根據(jù)前文“hisneighbor'sname”(hisneighbor'sname)可知，此處是指他住的公寓。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃米爾唯一的安慰就是他的鋼琴。A.piano鋼琴；B.violin小提琴；C.photo照片；D.instrument樂器。根據(jù)后文“playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”(每個(gè)周末彈奏她最喜歡的鋼琴曲)可知，此處是指埃米爾唯一的安慰就是他的鋼琴。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他之所以每個(gè)周末都在下午2點(diǎn)進(jìn)行彈奏，并與喬治一起進(jìn)行合奏，是因?yàn)樗肽钇拮印.wife妻子；B.friend朋友；C.mother媽媽；D.daughter女兒。根據(jù)上文“HiswifehadinDecemberfromCOVID-19”后文“playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”可知，此處是指他是為了思念妻子而彈奏。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我寫《親愛的埃米爾》這首歌時(shí)，我開始想象埃米爾的生活。A.describing描述；B.picturing想象；C.admiring欽佩；D.predicting預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)后文“Spendingdaysaloneathomeduetolockdown,playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”(由于封鎖，他每天都獨(dú)自在家，每個(gè)周末都彈她最喜歡的鋼琴曲)和“Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying”(雖然他們不知道是誰在彈奏)可知，此處是指想象埃米爾的生活。故選B。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)78歲的鰥夫因?yàn)檫@種愚蠢的病毒失去了摯愛。A.hurt傷害；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.virus病毒；D.war戰(zhàn)爭。根據(jù)前文“fromCOVID-19”可知，此處是指因?yàn)檫@種愚蠢的病毒失去了摯愛。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因封鎖而獨(dú)自在家的日子里，每個(gè)周末都要彈奏她最喜歡的鋼琴曲，直到他的門上出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)便條，寫著“有人在聽，你并不孤單”。A.tap輕拍；B.knock敲門；C.call打電話；D.note短箋，便條。根據(jù)“appearedonhisdoor”和“onewhichread”可知，此處是指他的門上出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)便條。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因封鎖而獨(dú)自在家的日子里，每個(gè)周末都要彈奏她最喜歡的鋼琴曲，直到他的門上出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)便條，寫著“有人在聽，你并不孤單”。A.heard聽見；B.seen看見；C.felt感覺；D.smelled聞。根據(jù)后文“Andanewfriendshipstarted,twopianosbetweenawall.”(一段新的友誼開始了，兩架鋼琴隔在一面墻之間。)可知，此處是指有人在聽。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他們不知道是誰在彈奏，但這并不重要。A.doubt懷疑；B.affect影響；C.matter重要；D.conflict沖突，抵觸。根據(jù)前文“Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying”可知，此處是指這并不重要。故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以成為別人黑暗中的一束光。A.object物體，實(shí)物；B.light光；C.trouble麻煩；D.worry擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)“tosomebodyelse'sdarkness”可知，你可以成為別人黑暗中的一束光。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：喬治在3月14日分享說，他收到了埃米爾在睡夢(mèng)中永遠(yuǎn)離開這個(gè)世界的消息：“現(xiàn)在他和妻子團(tuán)聚了?！盇.order命令；B.instruction用法說明；C.promise承諾；D.word消息。根據(jù)“Emilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep”可知，此處是指他收到了埃米爾在睡夢(mèng)中永遠(yuǎn)離開這個(gè)世界的消息。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：喬治在3月14日分享說，他收到了埃米爾在睡夢(mèng)中永遠(yuǎn)離開這個(gè)世界的消息：“現(xiàn)在他和妻子團(tuán)聚了。”A.harmoniouswith與……和諧；B.similarto與……相似；C.equalto與……相等；D.reunitedwith與……團(tuán)聚。根據(jù)“Emilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep”可知，此處是指現(xiàn)在他和妻子團(tuán)聚了。故選D。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)你知之甚少，但你改變了我的生活。A.bettered超過，勝過；B.disturbed打擾；C.changed改變；D.confirmed證實(shí)。根據(jù)“Yougavemebackmypassion,believingmusiccanbepowerful”(你把我的熱情還給了我，相信音樂可以帶來力量)可知，此處是指你改變了“我”的生活。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Repeatingsomethingcanmakethatthingmusical—eventhesoundofashovel(鐵鏟)beingdraggedacrosstheroad.Music_____36_____(include)alotofrepetition.It'shardtoimaginewhatyourfavoritesongwouldbe____37____achorus(副歌).Buttheconnectionrunsevendeeperthanthat.Afewyearsback,psychologistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,_____38_____(discover)whenwordsorphrasesarerepeatedafewtimes,theycanstarttosound_____39_____(much)likesingingthanspeaking.Thesoundsastheyappeartoyouarenotonlydifferentfromthosethatarereallypresent,buttheysometimesbehaveso_____40_____(strange)astoseemquiteimpossible.Theeffectisperhapsnotentirely_____41_____(surprise).Talkingandsingingarebothformsofvocalcommunication.Butresearchersgottowondering:couldrepetitionalsomusicalizeother_____42_____(type)ofsounds?Sotheycollectedclipsof20different_____43_____(environment)sounds,includingwaterdripping,icecracking,whalescallingandsoon._____44_____theyfoundisthatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticipantsratedthesoundsasbeingmoretuneful.Repetition'spowertomusicalizeseemstoextendto_____45_____broadervarietyofsoundsthanjustspeech.【答案】36.includes37.without38.discovered39.more40.strangely41.surprising42.types43.environmental44.What45.a【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，重復(fù)某個(gè)聲音可以讓這個(gè)聲音變得音樂化。【36題詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和主謂一致。句意：音樂中有很多重復(fù)。此處描述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語music為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填includes。37題詳解】考查介詞。句意：很難想象沒有副歌你最喜歡的歌會(huì)是什么樣子