2018湖南長沙中考英語解析

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2018年長沙市初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試卷注意事項：1、答題前，請考生先將自己的姓名，準(zhǔn)考證號填寫清楚，并認(rèn)真核對條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考室和座位號；2、必須在答題卡上答題，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效；3、答題時，請考生注意各大題題號后面的答題提示；4、請勿折疊答題卡，保持字體工整、字跡清晰、卡面清潔；5、答題卡上不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、涂改膠和貼紙；6、本學(xué)科試卷中聽力材料中以中速朗讀兩遍。試卷分四個部分，共8頁，75小題，時量120分鐘，滿分120分。I．聽力技能（兩部分,共20小題,計20分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題。每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時拘間。(共5小題,計5分)1.Whogavethewatchtotheboy?A.Hisfather B.Hissister C.Hisbrother2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.TheSpringFestival. B.TheDragonBoatFestival. C.TheMid-AutumnFestival3.What’sthematterwithCindy?A.Shehasafever B.Shehasaheadache C.Shehasatoothache4.WheredoesthewomanwanttogoA.Tothezoo B.Tothepark C.Totheairport5.WhichofthefollowingdoesTinalikebest?A.Gameshows B.Talkshows C.Talentshows第二節(jié)聽下面6段對話或獨白,每段對話或獨白后有2-3個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。(共15小題,計15分)聽第六段對話,回答第6、7小題6.WhatdoesEriewanttobe?A.Ateacher B.Adoctor C.Anartist7.Wheredoesthegirlsfatherwork?A.Inahospital B.Inahighschool. C.Inacollege.聽第七段對話,回答第8、9小題8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenCathyandPatrick?A.strangers B.Classmates C.Workmates9.HowdoesCathypracticeherspokenEnglish?A.Bysingingsongs B.Bywatchingmovies C.Bytakingafter-schoolclasses聽第八段對話,回答第10、11小題。10.Wheredidthewomanfindhermobilephone?A.Inthebag. B.Underthebook C.Onthetable11.Howmuchisthemobilephone?A.1,000yua B.1,500yuan. C.2,000yuan聽第九段對話,回答第12至14小題。12.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday B.Thursday C.Saturday13.Howoftendothecousinsgettogether?A.Onceaweek B.Onceamonth C.Onceayear.14.HowmanyCokeswillPeterbuy?ASeven B.Nine C.Eleven聽第十段對話,回答第15至17小題15.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst?A.Towatchamovie B.Tovisitthemuseum C.Tohaveadrink16.Whereisthecoffeeshop?A.Nexttothecinema B.Infrontofthemuseum C.Acrossfromthebank17.Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum?A.Onfoot B.Bybus C.Bybike聽下面一段獨白,回答第18至20小題。18.WhyisStevegoingtoBeijing?A.BecausehisauntisterriblyillB.Becausehisauntwillgetmarried.C.Becausehisauntjusthadhersecondbaby.19.WhatwillStevedoinDalianA.Goshopping. B.Gofishing C.Goswimming20.WhenwillStevearriveinChangsha?A.Onthe18th B.Onthel9th C.Onthe20th英語聽力測試?yán)首x材料這是2018年長沙市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語聽力技能部分?，F(xiàn)在是聽力試聽時間。(男、女各讀一遍)Attention,please!WelcomeallofyoutotheUSA!MynameisTomSmith.I’dliketotellyouwhatyouaregoingtododuringyourstayinNewYorkCity.Tomorrowmorning,ourheadmasterwillmakeanintroductiontoourschool.AndIwilltellyousomeinterestingstoriesaboutit.Intheafternoon,youwillvisitthelabbuildingandthelibrary.OnTuesday,youwillvisitBrooklynBridgeandCentralPark.Youcantakesomephotosoverthere.Intheevening,apartyisgoingtobeheld.OnWednesdaymorning.youwillhaveatalkwithsomestudentsofourclass.Afterlunch,youaregoingtoWashingtonD.C.bytrainat3:00p.m.試聽到此結(jié)束2018年長沙市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試卷第一大題聽力測試正式開始。本部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)。注意做題時,請先將答案標(biāo)在試題卷上。本部分錄音內(nèi)容全部結(jié)束后,再將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。聽力材料以中速朗讀兩遍。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。1.W:Whatanicewatch!M:Thankyou.MybrothergaveittomeasaChristmasgift.2.W:HowdoyoucelebratetheDragonBoatFestival?M:Weusuallyeatzongziandwatchboatraces3.M:Cindy,youdon’tlookwell.Doyouhaveafever?W:No,Ijusthaveaheadache.4.M:Miss,wheredoyouwanttogo?W:Couldyoupleasetakemetotheairport?5.M:Tina,doyouliketalkshows?W:Notreally.Gameshowsaremyfavorite第二節(jié)聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2-3個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。聽第六段對話,回答第6、7小題W:Eric.whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?M:Ilovepainting,soIwanttobeanartist.Howaboutyou?W:Iwanttobeadoctor.Butmyfatherwantsmetobeateacher.M:Why?Ilearnedthatheisadoctorinahospital.聽第七段對話,回答第8、9小題M:YougothighmarksintheEnglishtestagain,Cathy.Goodjob！w:Thankyou,Patrick.M:Youarealwayshard-workinginourclass.Doyoutakeafter-schoolclasses?W:No,Idon’t.ButIpracticemyspokenEnglishbywatchingfilms.M:Whatkindoffilmsdoyoulikebest?W:Cartoons聽第八段對話,回答第10、11小題W:Oh,no!Ican’tfindmymobilephoneM:Don’tworry.Letmehelpyoulookforit.W:Thanks.IrememberIputitinmybagafterlunch.M:Maybeyouleftitsomewhereelse.W:You’reright.Oh!Hereitisunderthenewbook.M:Yourphonelookssosmart!W:Thanks.Itcostme1,000yuan.AnditismadeinChina.M:Yeah,Chinaisverygoodatmakingtheseeverydaythings.聽第九段對話,回答第12至14小題W:Peter,it'seighto'clocknow.PleasegetupandgivemeahandM:Mom,it'sweekendtoday.CouldIsleepalittlebitlonger.W:Sorry,dear.Doyoustillrememberyourcousinsarecoming?M:Oh,Ialmostforgotit-wegettogetheronceamonth.SowhatshouldIdo.Mom?w:Well,firstpleasehelpmecleanthefloor.M:Sure.Anythingelse?W:Yes.CouldyoupleasebuysevenCokesfromtheshopdownsM:Noproblem聽第十段對話,回答第15至17小題W:Dad,wherearewegoing？M:First,wewillgotothecoffeeshopforadrink.ThenwewillvisitHunanHistoryMuseum.W:Whereisthecoffeeshop?M:Justaroundthecorner.Canyouseethattallbuildingattheendoftheroad?W:Yeah.Icanseeit.M:Thatisabank.Thecoffeeshopisacrossfromthebank.W:Good.I’dliketohavehotchocolateM:Sally,stop!Waitforthelightstoturngreen.Whencrossingtheroad,youmustalwayspayattentiontowhat’saroundyou.W:Sorry.dad.Buthowfaristhemuseum?M:Onlythreestopsaway.Wecanwalkthere.聽下面一段獨白,回答第18至20小題Hello,everyone!MynameisSteve.Whatareyougoingtodoforyourvacation?Iwanttotellyoumytravelplan.First,IwillbevisitingmyauntJudyinBeijingforaboutaweek.Shejusthadhersecondbabylastmonth.ThereIamgoingtovisitsomeplacesofinterestlikeTian'anmenSquare,theSummerPalaceandtheGreatWallAfterthat,IamgoingtotraveltoDalianforafewdays.Iwillexperiencecoolweatherandseemanydifferentseaanimalsthere.Ofcourse,Iwillbuysomeseafoodformyfamily.Iamreallylookingforwardtoit.Finally,IamgoingtoChengduonthe13th.I'llenjoyallkindsoftastyfoodthere.What'smore,Ihopetoseesomerealpandas!MytrainfromChengduleavesonthe18th.IexpecttobebackinChangshaataroundnoonnextday.1-5CBBCA 6-10CABBB 11-15ACBAC 16-20CACABII.知識運用（兩部分，共20小題，計20分）第一節(jié)語法填空從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。(共10小題，計10分)21.(2018·湖南長沙)—Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon.—Itdoes?We'dbetter____now,justincase.A.toleave B.leaving C.leave21.C考查非謂語動詞。句意：天氣預(yù)報說今天下午會下陣雨。它說了嗎？為了以防萬一，我們最好現(xiàn)在離開。hadbetter后接動詞原形，故選C。22.(2018·湖南長沙)—IsthemanoverthereAdam?—It____behim.HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation.A.must B.can't C.mustn't22.B考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。句意：在那兒的男士是亞當(dāng)么？不可能是他。他已經(jīng)去香港度假了。must一定，can’t不可能，mustn’t禁止，故選B。23.(2018·湖南長沙)—Dothetwinslookthesame?—No,Janeis_____tallerthanClaire.A.little B.more C.alittle23.C考查形容詞比較級的修飾詞。句意：雙胞胎看起來一樣嗎？不，簡比克萊爾更高一點。修飾比較級的詞有：much,alot,far,alittle,abit,still,even,故選C。24.(2018·湖南長沙)—HowmanyapplescanIhave?—Youcanhavetwo._____areforJim.A.Theothers B.Others C.Theother24.A考查代詞用法辨析。句意：我能有多少個蘋果？你可以有兩個蘋果，剩余的蘋果給吉姆。theothers表示"剩余的人或事"相當(dāng)于theother+名詞，others表示"其他的人或事"相當(dāng)于other+名詞。theother表示"兩者中另一個"或"剩余的"，若表示"剩余的"后接名詞，故選A。25.(2018·湖南長沙)Youmustn'tdriveacarontheroad______yougetadriver'slicense.A.unless B.if C.since25.A考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：除非你有駕駛證，否則你禁止開車上路。unless除非，if如果，since自從，故選A。26.(2018·湖南長沙)—Mom,Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia.—Really?______pleasantsurprise!A.How B.WhatC.Whata26.C考查感嘆句。句意：媽媽，我給我們買了兩張2018俄羅斯世界杯的票。真的嗎？一個多么令人愉快的驚喜啊!surprise表示"意想不到（或突然）的事，令人驚奇的事（或消息）"等為可數(shù)名詞，故選C。27.(2018·湖南長沙)BritishphysicistStephenHawking,who_____asthe"'smartestmanalive",passedawayinEnglandonMarch14,2018.A.praised B.waspraised C.willbepraised27.B考查被動語態(tài)。句意:英國物理學(xué)家斯蒂芬·霍金被譽為在世的最聰明的人,于2018年3月14日在英格蘭逝世。根據(jù)句意是在"過去被譽為"，可知選一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選B。28.(2018·湖南長沙)Aslongasthewholeofoursociety______trying,wewillmakeourskiesblueagain.A.keeps B.willkeep C.kept28.A考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:只要我們整個社會不斷努力，我們將會再一次使我們的天空變藍。aslongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用的是一般將來時，從句應(yīng)該為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。29.(2018·湖南長沙)Kids,Ihopeyou'llrememberthegoodolddays_____wespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughit'stimetosaygoodbye.A.who B.what C.which29.C考查定語從句。句意:孩子們，盡管到了我們說再見的時候了，我希望你們將記得我們在初中一起度過的美好舊時光。先行詞days指物且在從句中充當(dāng)spent的賓語。故選C。30.—Doesanybodywanttoshare_____onFather'sDay?—Guesswhat?I'llwriteapoemformydad.A.whenwillyoushop B.whatyouwilldo C.whereyouwillgo30.B考查賓語從句。句意:有人想要分享在父親節(jié)那天會做什么?你猜?我將寫一首詩給我爸爸。根據(jù)賓語從句中從句必須是陳述語序以及回答可知是要做的事，故選B。第二節(jié)(2018·湖南長沙)詞語填空通讀下面的短語，掌握其大意，然后從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳答案。(共10小題，計10分)WhenIwasfifteenyearsold,Ibecameveryinterestedinshopping.Afterawhilebeingjustabuyer,Iwantedto31something.IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome.IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmakemoney.SoformonthsandmonthsI32myselfbysellingthingsonmydad’sbankaccount(賬戶).OnJuly18th,2015,Imademyownaccountandbegantostartmyown33.ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizethatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasn't34forme,soIdecidedtoexpand(拓展)mybusinessbyre-saleshop.Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat35pricestomakemoney.LastOctober,Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent.Aladyhadmanynicethingstosell.Iwentuptoherandhada36withher.Throughtheconversation,Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneedmoneytofeedherfamily.IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher.SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout.Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid37.AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade$1500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney,shebrokedownintotears(眼淚)38.Ihadneverfeltso39tohelpsomeoneinmylife.Iknewmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould40.31.A.buy B.sell C.produce32.A.annoyed B.enjoyed C.punished33.A.business B.holiday C.education34.A.familiar B.helpful C.enough35.A.higher B.lower C.half36.A.competition B.fight C.conversation37.A.no B.yes C.sorry38.A.peacefully B.regretfully C.thankfully39.A.worried B.stressed C.pleased40.A.makeadifference B.makeamess C.makeamistake體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)291【主旨大意】本文是講述的是作者從一個買家變成賣家，做起了小生意，并幫助了一個沒有工作的女士，從此他懂得一個道理：即使一件很小的有善意的一件事可以產(chǎn)生大的影響。31.B考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后下句IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome及makemoney可知我想出售這些不再需要的東西來賺錢，A買，B出售，C生產(chǎn)，故選C。32.B考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境幾個月里我享受著在我父親的帳戶上賣東西。A使煩惱,B享受，短語enjoyoneself表示玩的開心，C懲罰，故選B。33.A考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文‘’soIdecidedtoexpandmybusiness’’可知我創(chuàng)建了我自己的賬戶并且開始了我自己的生意。A生意,B假期，C教育，故選A。34.C考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文‘’soIdecidedtoexpandmybusinessbyrunningare-saleshop’’可知，事情進展的很順利，隨后我意識到在家附近賣東西對我來說是不夠的。A熟悉的，B有幫助的，C足夠的，故選C。35.A考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)‘’tomakemoney’’可知，我去賣場以低價購買物品，然后以高一些的價格賣出去。A更高的,B更低的，C一半，故選A。36.C考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)Throughthecommunication’可知，我走向她并與她進行了溝通。A比賽，B戰(zhàn)斗，C交流，故選C。37.B考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文ItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade$1500forher!可知，她看了我一會兒然后表示了同意。A不,B好的，C對不起，故選B。38.C考查副詞詞義辨析。由上句我?guī)椭诉@個女士賺了1500美元，可知她感激地嚎啕大哭。A和平的，B后悔的，C感激的，故選C。39.C考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境可知作者明白了自己的一些技藝可以幫助有需要的人，這也使他感到開心。A擔(dān)心的，B有壓力的，C開心的，故選C。40.A考查動詞短語詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境我明白了我的技藝能夠幫助那些有需要的人，也明白了即使是一個小小的善良的行為也能造成影響。A造成影響,B搞得一團糟,C犯錯,故選A。III．閱讀技能第一節(jié)圖表理解閱讀下面的圖表，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項回答問題或完成句子。（共5小題，計10分）(2018·湖南長沙)ABestGuitarNightWelcometoEdinburghGuitarClub!Hereyoucanfindinformationaboutwhat’shappeningatEdinburgh’sbestguitarclub.EdinburghGuitarClubisheldeveryTuesdaynightatSummerhall,Newington,Edinburgh.Wehavethebestguitarplayers.Theeventisgreatforeveryone,frombeginnerstoexperienceguitarthewayit’smeanttobe!Time:8p.m.~11p.m.Tickets:$Time:8p.m.~11p.m.Tickets:$6(online)$8(atthedoorifthereareanyleft)FreeWi-FiandsnacksprovidedDrinksnotincludedintheticketpriceTrySomethingNew!TrySomethingNew!41.TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT.A.drinks B.snacks C.FreeWi-Fi42.Fromtheposter（海報）above,wecanknowthat.A.Theeventendsat10p.m.B.TheeventisjustforthebestplayersC.Theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoor.體裁應(yīng)用文話題娛樂活動詞數(shù)104【主旨大意】本文介紹吉他之夜的相關(guān)信息，包括愛丁堡吉他社團，活動時間價格等。41.A細節(jié)理解題。從文章“FreeWiFiandsnacksprovided”和Drinksnotincludedintheticketprice可知票的價格包括了免費WiFi和小吃不包括飲料。故選A。42.C細節(jié)理解題。由Tickets可知，在線6美元而現(xiàn)場售票8美元，在線票價比現(xiàn)場售票更便宜，故選C。(2018·湖南長沙)BNameJonathanSmithDateofbirthFeb.25,2001PlaceofbirthNewYork.NY,theUSAContact（聯(lián)系方式）Address:37GreenfieldRoad,Sydney,AustraliaTelephone:0123186225689E-mail:jonathan@EducationGED-12,includingEnglishandmathGreenfieldHighSchool,Sydney,AustraliaWorkexperienceWaiteratBetty’sPizzaRestaurantonSaturdays—9months;Volunteerasajudge（裁判）inGreenfieldNurserySchoolsportsmeeting—3timesLanguagesEnglish—firstlanguageChinese—secondlanguageSkillsandinterestsSports,singing,drawing,traveling,gardening43.accordingtothechart（圖表）,howoldisJonathanthisyear?A.17. B.27. C.37.44.WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation?A.InLondon B.InNewYork C.InSydney45.Thecharttellsusthat.A.Jonathanhasn’tgotanyworkexperienceB.JonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslifeC.JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages體裁應(yīng)用文話題個人情況詞數(shù)92【主旨大意】本文介紹喬納森·史密斯出生時間，地點，聯(lián)系方式，教育背景，工作經(jīng)驗，能力以及興趣愛好，43.A推理判斷題。由原文“dateofbirth”部分可知，出生的年份為2001年，今年是2018年，所以，Jonathan的年齡為17歲，故選A。44.C細節(jié)理解題。由Education那一欄中GreenfieldHighSchool,Sydney,Australia可知在悉尼，故選C。45.B細節(jié)理解題。由Language那一欄中English和Chinese可知喬納森知道兩門語言，由文章中的“Skillsandinterests”部分可知喬納森熱愛生活，故選B。第二節(jié)短文理解閱讀下面的短文，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項回答問題或完成句子。(共10小題，計20分)A(2018·湖南長沙)Afterwandering(閑逛)aroundinthecityforalongtime,Tomfinallyfoundhimselfstandinginfrontofthepalace.Helookedthroughitsgoldengate,hopingtotakealookatarealprince(王子).Thereweresomeguards(衛(wèi)兵)standingatbothsidesofthegate.Tom,dressedbadly,wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants.Hewasnodoubttheprince!Tomwasexcited.Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim,However,aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely(粗魯?shù)?.Theyoungprince,whosenamewasEdward,wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace.Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends.TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtoldEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince.Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror,theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!Thetwoboyswereineachother'sclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise(瘀傷)onTom'shand.HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely.Inamoment,theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.However,theguarddidn'trealizethattheprincewasinTom'soldwormclothes.HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace.46.WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace?A.Totalkwiththeguard.B.Toaskforaplacetolivein.C.Tohavealookatarealprince.47.HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards?A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Proud.48.WhenTomwasstopped,Edwardgotmadbecauseof_______A.thebadmannersofTomB.thestrictrulesofthepalaceC.therudebehavioroftheguard49.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers.B.Edwardwaskind,caringandfriendly.C.Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace.50.Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethat_A.bloodisthickerthanwaterB.twoheadsarebetterthanoneC.neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)277【主旨大意】本文講述的是一個小孩子Tom在城市閑逛完后去了一個宮殿，Tom想見一眼真正的王子.但當(dāng)他想要接近王子時被士兵粗魯?shù)刈プ　Ｍ踝覧dward對于士兵的粗魯行為很生氣，他要求士兵開門并帶Tom進了宮殿。兩人成為了好朋友，Tom告訴Edward說他想像個王子一樣著裝，兩人因此換了衣服。兩人驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此就像對雙胞胎。王子Edward注意到Tom被士兵阻止時手臂上受的瘀傷，因此跑了出去想要懲罰士兵。然而士兵未發(fā)現(xiàn)穿著Tom衣服的王子Edward是Edward，士兵快速抓住了王子Edward的耳朵并且把王子Edward扔出了宮殿。故事告訴我們不要以貌取人。46.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Helookedthroughitsgoldengate,hopingtotakealookatarealprince(王子).”可知Tom是為了見真正的王子。故選C。47.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Tom,dressedbadly,wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants.”，可知Tom是緊張的。故選A。48.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theyoungprince,whosenamewasEdward,wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.”可知王子是因為士兵的粗魯行為而生氣。故選C。49.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror,theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!”可知，Tom與Edward是幾乎像雙胞胎，因此A選項錯誤；通讀全文可知，文章并未提到Edward疲于在宮殿生活，因此C選項錯誤；王子Edward因為士兵粗魯而生氣，還與Tom成為朋友且懲罰士兵，說明王子Edward是個善良友好的人。故選B。50.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的士兵把穿著Tom衣服的王子Edward認(rèn)錯并扔出宮殿可知，不能以貌取人，故選C。B(2018·湖南長沙)Elephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday.Africanelephantliveinfamilygroupscalledherds(群).Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarch(族長).Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants.Theotherelephantsfollowedthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants,andalsolearnfromlife.Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold.Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold.Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver.Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds.Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears,butalsowiththeirfeet,andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）.Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears,mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem.Otheranimalsdon’tusuallyattack(攻擊)elephants.However,alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens,theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd.Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger.Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy(敵人)inabigcloudofdust(灰塵).51.AccordingtoParagraph(段落)One,anelephantherd_________.A.hasafatherelephantastheleader.B.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdangerC.alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants52.Longmemorieshelpelephantsto____________A.choosetheirmatriarchB.communicatewitheachotherC.findwaterandcrosstheriver53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rumbling”mean?A.低沉的B.尖細的C.高亢的54.Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies?A.TokeeptheirbabiessafeB.TowelcometheirfriendsC.Toattacktheirenemies.55.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout________.A.WhytheelephantsliveinherdsB.Whattheelephants’livinghabitsareC.howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked體裁說明文話題動物詞數(shù)319【主旨大意】本文主要講述大象的生活習(xí)性。大象以一頭母象為族長群居而生活。大象擁有長時間的記憶力。大象通過觀察和模仿其他大象以及生活來學(xué)習(xí)。大象之間常用低沉的聲音交流。成年大象會圍圈保護小象抵御外敵。51.B細節(jié)理解題從第一段中Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.和Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.可知一個象群擁有一個族長，族長使象群遠離危險。52.C細節(jié)理解題從第二段中Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver.可知長時間記憶可幫助大象找到水并穿過河流。53.A詞義猜測題根據(jù)下句的low和deep可知是低沉的。54.A細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)最后一段alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens.theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.可知大象圍成圈是為了保護小象。55.B主旨大意題第一段主要講述大象以族長為首群居生活，第二段講述小象學(xué)習(xí)并擁有長時間記憶，第三段講述大象交流方式，第四段講述大象保護弱象和小象抵御外敵。這四段講的都是大象生活習(xí)性。(2018·湖南長沙)

語篇補全閱讀下面的短文,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空自處的最佳選項補全短文。選項中有一項為多余選項。(共4小題,計8分)Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally,whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.Infact,thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Herearesometips(貼士)foryou.◆56.____________________________.Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin,andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus.Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle(掙扎)withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!◆Repeatthingsinchunks(塊).Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime,forexample,rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds.57.____________________________.Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919318483.Butlookatthemin“groups”or"chunks"repeatedly,anditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919318483.◆

Inventastory.Torememberlonglists,tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretestedlater.theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem.58.____________________________.◆Takephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrate(心率)andsendsmoreoxygen(氧氣)toyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.59.__________________________.Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.A.Takeaninterest.B.Exercisealsolowersstress.C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!D.Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.E.Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem.體裁說明文話題科普知識詞數(shù)276【主旨大意】本文講述提高記憶力的幾個方法，即感興趣，分塊重復(fù)，編個故事及做身體運動。A.感興趣B.鍛煉也減輕壓力C.測試的結(jié)果令人吃驚D.提高記憶力的另一個方法就是得到足夠的睡眠E.將號碼分組記憶可以幫助你們記住他們A根據(jù)第二段主要講解對于感興趣的東西，會更容易記憶，故選A57.E根據(jù)第三段第一句和最后一句可知講的是號碼，故選E.58.C第三段要點主要描述通過編一個故事來記憶事情，且通過上一句被測試可以記住90%，故選C。59.B通過小標(biāo)題可知這段主要講解鍛煉以及和最后一句太大壓力對記憶力有害，故選B。第一節(jié)(2018·湖南長沙)

閱讀表達閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。（共5小題，計10分）InHebei,thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli.Throughthevillageyoucanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank.However,youcanhardlyimaginethat,about16yearsago,thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds（雜草）.thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends:JiaHaixia,whoisblind,andJiaWenqi,whohasnoarms.Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002.althoughbotharedisabled,theylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachother’seyesandhands.Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees,theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings（插枝，插條）.everymorning,theywenttotheriverbanktogether,JiaWenqiworkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriend’semptysleeves（衣袖）aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank,JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend’sshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest.Afterthat,theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether.Theyplanted800treesinhefirstyear,butonlytwosurvived（存活）.theydidn’tgiveup.Instead,theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextyears.Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees.Today,thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees,buttheyhavenoplanstostop.Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding（洪水）andtoimprovethelocalenvironment.60.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?61.Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago?62.Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether?(Nomorethan12words)63.Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays?64.What’sthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow?體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)294【主旨大意】本文講述在河北的一個小山村，兩個殘疾人齊心合力種植樹木，盡管現(xiàn)在他們不再需要依靠植樹為生，但是他們依然堅持植樹來保護村莊免遭洪水襲擊并且提高當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境的質(zhì)量。60.AtasmallvillageinHubei.根據(jù)第一段第一句話可知故事發(fā)生在湖北一個小山村。61.No.根據(jù)第一可知大約16年前，這個區(qū)域被石頭和雜草覆蓋。所以可以得出答案No.62.Bybecomingeachother'seyesandhands.根據(jù)第二段第二句thoughtheybotharedisabled,theylearntoworktogetherbybecomingeachother'seyesandhands.可知兩個殘疾人齊心合力成為對方的眼和手來植樹。63.Overtenthousand.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees.可知現(xiàn)在河岸的樹超過一萬棵。64.Toprotectthevillagefromfloodingandtoimprovethelocalenvironment.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromfloodingandtoimprovethelocalenvironment.可知他們依然堅持植樹來保護村莊免遭洪水襲擊并且提高當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境的質(zhì)量。Ⅵ.寫作技能（三部分，共11小題，計32分）第一節(jié)(2018·湖南長沙)

語篇翻譯閱讀下面的短文，將劃線部分譯成中文或英文。（共5小題，計10分）Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren,andtheyhavedifferentopinions.65.somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents.Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass,butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting.Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown.66.Also,it'saskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife.Othersdisagree,though67.他們認(rèn)為家庭作業(yè)給孩子們太多的壓力.Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports.Tobackuptheiropinion,theygivetheexampleofFinland（芬蘭）.68.在芬蘭，學(xué)生幾乎沒什么作業(yè).Buttheycountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld.Hereismypointofview（觀點）onthismatter.69.Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit.Ifthereisnoclearreasonfo