專(zhuān)題02 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1專(zhuān)題02情態(tài)動(dòng)詞目錄考點(diǎn)聚焦：熟悉課程內(nèi)容、掌握知識(shí)脈絡(luò)重點(diǎn)速記：知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面梳理，掌握必備難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)快速記憶，提升能力學(xué)以致用：真題感知+過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)，合理應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法例句can/could表示能力，意為＂能，會(huì)＂IcanreadthissentenceinEnglish.我能用英語(yǔ)讀這句話。表示許可時(shí)，意為＂可以，能夠＂，相當(dāng)于mayShesaidthatIcouldusehercomputer.她說(shuō)我可以使用她的電腦。用于推測(cè)，表示可能性，意為＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句Themancan’tbeourteacher—hehasgonetoBeijing.那個(gè)男人不可能是我們的老師，他去北京了。Thereissomeoneoutside—whocanitbe?有人在外面，可能是誰(shuí)呢？【知識(shí)拓展】1.can的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用Yes,...can；否定回答用No,...can’t?！狢anyouplaythepiano?你會(huì)彈鋼琴嗎?—Yes,Ican.是的，我會(huì)。/No,Ican’t不，我不會(huì)。2.can，could和beableto的區(qū)別：can只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式，而beableto可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)；can(could)表示能力時(shí)，可用beableto代替。Ican(amableto)affordthecar.我能買(mǎi)得起這輛小汽車(chē)。Shehasbeenabletocometoschool.她已經(jīng)能去學(xué)校了Icould(=wasableto)driveacarbeforeIleftschool.畢業(yè)前我就會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē)。may/might表示允許或許可，意為＂可以＂MayIuseyourphone?我可以用用你的電話嗎？表示征詢?cè)S可時(shí)，might比may的語(yǔ)氣委婉—MightIaskforaphotographofyourlittledaughter?我能要一張你小女兒的照片嗎?—Yes,youmay.是的，你可以。用于表推測(cè)時(shí)，是＂可能，或許＂之意，might語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定，多用于肯定句Hemaybewrong,butI’mnotsure.也許他錯(cuò)了，但我也不確定。Shemightbeverybusynow.她現(xiàn)在可能非常忙?！局R(shí)拓展】1.may的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用Yes,...may./Yes,ofcourse./Yes,certainly.；否定回答用No,...can’t/mustn’t?！狹ight/MayIsmokeinthisroom?我可以在這間屋子里抽煙嗎?—Yes,youmay.是的，你可以。/No,youcan’t/mustn’t.不，不可以。2.用于表示推測(cè)時(shí)，may和might一般不用于疑問(wèn)句，而在疑問(wèn)句中，常使用can；在否定句中，maynot/mightnot意為＂可能不＂，而can’t/couldn’t意為＂不可能＂。Theyoungpeoplemightnotliketheidea.年輕人可能不喜歡這個(gè)主意。Itcan’t/couldn’tbeourheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica.那人不可能是我們校長(zhǎng)。他已經(jīng)去美國(guó)了。must表示必須，一定要，指說(shuō)話人的主觀語(yǔ)氣mustn’t表示禁止，意為＂千萬(wàn)不要，禁止＂，是說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)有力的勸告Youmustn’tplaywiththeknifeoryoumayhurtyourself.你禁止玩刀否則你可能會(huì)傷到自己。表示推測(cè)時(shí)，用于肯定句，意為＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用can’t/couldn’t來(lái)代替Thismustbeyourroom.這一定是你的房間?！局R(shí)拓展】1.—MustIcleantheclassroomnow?我必須現(xiàn)在打掃教室嗎？—Yes,youmust.是的，你必須。/No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.不，你不必。2.must和haveto的區(qū)別：①用must表示＂必須＂的意思時(shí)，通常著重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要去做某事；而haveto著重于客觀需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。WemuststudyEnglishhard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。Youareilltoday.Youhavetoseeadoctor.你今天病了，不得不去看醫(yī)生。②用must表示＂必須＂，只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的形式，如果要表示過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)的＂必須＂，就要用haveto的相應(yīng)形式。Youmustdrivefasttocatchthetime.你必須開(kāi)車(chē)開(kāi)快點(diǎn)來(lái)趕時(shí)間。Theywillhavetoleavetomorrowmorning.他們必須明天早晨起程。will表示意志、愿望和決心，常譯為＂愿意＂Ifyouwillhelpus,weshallbeverygrateful.如果你愿意幫助我們，我們將不勝感激。用于第二人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句，表示請(qǐng)求或建議等Willyouhavedinnerwithmetonight?今天晚上和我一起吃飯好嗎?表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或某種傾向，多用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)，常譯為＂總是＂Katewillsitthere,waitingforherdaughtertocomeback.凱特總是坐在那兒等女兒回來(lái)。would作為will的過(guò)去式，可表示過(guò)去的意志、愿望或決心等，意為＂愿意＂Hepromisedhewouldneversmokeagain.他承諾他再也不吸煙了。表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向TheirEnglishteacherwouldtellthemstoriesinEnglishafterclass.他們的英語(yǔ)老師總是在課后用英語(yǔ)給他們講故事。用于第二人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中，表示現(xiàn)在的請(qǐng)求、建議，比will的語(yǔ)氣委婉WouldyoupleasepasstheEnglish-ChinesedictionaryontoMary?請(qǐng)把這本英漢詞典傳給瑪麗好嗎?【知識(shí)拓展】wouldlike意為＂愿意，想要＂；wouldlike/lovetodosth意為＂愿意/想要做某事＂；wouldlikesbtodosth意為＂想要某人做某事＂。Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?你想喝杯茶嗎？Wouldyouliketosingasong?你想唱首歌嗎？Iwouldlikeyoutowakemeupat5:30tomorrowmorning.我想讓你在明天早晨5:30叫醒我。shall用于第一、三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句，表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)Shallwebeginnow?我們現(xiàn)在就開(kāi)始嗎?’Tomiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein,sir?湯姆正在門(mén)外等著，可以讓他進(jìn)來(lái)嗎，先生?用于第二、三人稱(chēng)陳述句時(shí)，表示命令、警告、允諾或威脅等Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.如果你不努力工作，你就會(huì)失敗。shouldshall的過(guò)去式，用于第一、三人稱(chēng)，多用于間接引語(yǔ)中，以征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)IaskedthemanagerifIshouldhaveafewdaysoff.我問(wèn)經(jīng)理我是否可以請(qǐng)幾天假。表示義務(wù)，職責(zé)時(shí)，意為＂應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該＂，往往表示說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn)表示驚訝、遺憾等，意為＂竟然，居然＂need表示＂需要，必須＂，多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句N(xiāo)eedyougososoon?你需要這么早走嗎?Youneedn’tcomesoearly.你不必來(lái)這么早?！局R(shí)拓展】need的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答為Yes,...must.；否定回答為No,...needn’t.—Needhefinishthearticlenextweek?他需要下星期完成這篇文章嗎?—Yes,hemust.是的，他必須完成。/No,heneedn’t.不，他不需要。haveto表示不得不，說(shuō)明客觀條件只能如此；有時(shí)態(tài)形式的變化；否定式don’thaveto意為＂不必＂(=needn’t)Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemidnight.我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。Ihaven’tgotanymoneywithme,soI’llhavetoborrowsomefrommyfriend.我身上沒(méi)帶錢(qián)，只好向朋友借點(diǎn)了。1.can和beabletocan表示“能力;許可”,只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而beableto表示“經(jīng)過(guò)努力而能夠做某事”,可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。Hecanswim.他會(huì)游泳。HewasabletoswimacrosstheEnglishChannellastweek.上周他成功地游過(guò)了英吉利海峽。2.must和havetomust側(cè)重于個(gè)人意志和主觀上的必要;haveto側(cè)重于客觀上的需要。IknowImuststudyhard.我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。Ihavetowaituntiltherainstops.我不得不等到雨停。3.can與may表示可能性時(shí)(1)肯定句中用may表示可能。You'dbetteraskthemonitor.Hemayknow.你最好問(wèn)班長(zhǎng)，他可能知道。(2)在否定句中，若語(yǔ)氣肯定，表示“不可能”時(shí)用can't;若語(yǔ)氣不肯定，表示“可能不”時(shí)用maynot.Mr.Lican'tbein.HehasgonetoBeijingforameeting.李先生不可能在家，他去北京開(kāi)會(huì)了。4.maybe和maybemaybe中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后加動(dòng)詞原形be，在句中作謂語(yǔ);maybe為副詞，意為“大概,也許”,相當(dāng)于perhaps,常放在句首,作狀語(yǔ)。Hemayberight.他可能是對(duì)的。Maybeheisright.也許他是對(duì)的。Hemayknowthenews.他也許知道這個(gè)消息。Maybeheknowsthenews.也許他知道這個(gè)消息。5.can’t和mustn’t表示否定推測(cè)時(shí)應(yīng)用can’t。mustn't意為“禁止,不允許”,不用來(lái)表推測(cè),在肯定句中可用must表推測(cè),意為“一定”。真題感知一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—MustIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeplayingbasketball,Dad?—No,you________.It’suptoyou.A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t2．（2023·遼寧鞍山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—MayIswimintheriver?—No.You________keepawayfromtheriver.Thesignsays“NoSwimming”.A．must B．mustn’t C．need D．can’t3．（2023·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Students________listentomusicwhiletheyareridingbikesontheroad.—Iagreewithyou.It’stoodangerous.A．don’thaveto B．maynot C．mustn’t D．needn’t4．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Accordingtothetrafficrules,childrenunder12________ridebicyclesontheroad.A．won’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t5．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Sir,mayItakephotoshere?—Sorry,lookatthesign.You________takephotosinthemuseum.A．could B．may C．mustn’t D．needn’t6．（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—________weprotectthisoldbuilding?—Yes,youmust.Itisourtreasure.A．Must B．Will C．Can D．Could7．（2023·四川甘孜·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsTonycomingtothebookshowthisSunday?—I’mnotsure.He________notcome.A．may B．should C．must D．need8．（2023·湖北襄陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—DoesthesportswatchbelongtoMary?—It________behers.Sheistheonlyonewhowearsthesportswatchinourclass.A．can’t B．must C．might D．could9．（2023·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）YoungChinesepeople________keepthemotherlandatheart,aimhigh,andhavetheirfeetfirmlyontheground.A．should B．can C．may D．need10．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inmostmuseums,thereisnoshoutingandnorunning,andyou________touchanything.A．couldn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t11．（2023·遼寧盤(pán)錦·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tinalostherpetdog.She________beworriedaboutit.A．need B．must C．can’t D．shouldn’t12．（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whenyouhavefixedthistypeoflock,you________takeakeywithyou.Youcanopenthedoorwithyourfingerprint.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t13．（2023·遼寧大連·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—________youcookdishes?—Yes,Ican.Buttheyaresimple.A．Can B．Would C．Need D．Could14．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）IfafootballteamwantstoentertheWorldCup,it________becomeamemberofFIFAfirst.A．may B．must C．can D．might15．（2023·湖南邵陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?—I’mnotsure.I________goshopping.A．must B．should C．may16．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inordertokeepourenvironmentcleanandtidy,we________throwrubbishintothebins(垃圾箱).A．mustn’t B．can’t C．must17．（2023·湖南益陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—ArethoseJim’sglasses?—They________beJim’sbecausehedoesn’twearglasses.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t18．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyou________paymoneyforit.A．may B．must C．shouldn’t D．needn’t19．（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?—I________gotoZibo,butI’mnotsure.A．must B．needn’t C．might20．（2022·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsthatJackoverthere?—It________behim.Heishavingapianolessonnow.A．can’t B．mightnot C．must二、語(yǔ)法選擇（2022·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Therewasonceafarmerwhohadalargefieldofcorn.Heworkedonitwiththe21care,butthecornwasdying22therehadbeennorainforalongtime.Hefeltvery23.Oneday,ashestoodlookingupatthesky,twolittleraindropssawhim.OnesaidtotheOther,“Lookatthatfarmer.Ifeelverysorry24him.Heworkssohardinthefield,butnowit25up.IwishImighthelphim.”“Yes,”saidtheother,”26youareonlyalittleraindrop.Youcan’twet27oneplant.”“Well,”saidthefirst,“IknowI28domuch,butperhapsIcancheerhimalittle.I’llgodowntoshowmysupport,ifIcan’tdo29more.HereIgo!”Thesecondonesaid,“Well,IthinkIcandothat,30.HereIgo!”Sodownwentthetworaindrops.Onefellonthefarmer’snose,andtheotheronathirstyplant.“What’sthat?”Thefarmercried,“31raindrop!Idobelievewe’llhaveashower（陣雨）soon.”Bythistimeotherraindropshadseenwhat32did.Onesaid,“Ifyoutwoaredoingsuchagoodjob,Ishallfollow!”Anddownitwent.“AndI!”said33.“And!”theyallsaid,untilawholeshowerwentdownandthecorn34allbecauseonelittleraindroptrieditsbest35whatitcould.21．A．great B．greater C．greatest22．A．because B．where C．when23．A．sad B．sadder C．sadly24．A．of B．on C．for25．A．dry B．isdrying C．dried26．A．but B．so C．a(chǎn)nd27．A．just B．only C．even28．A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t29．A．something B．everything C．a(chǎn)nything30．A．a(chǎn)lso B．too C．either31．A．A B．An C．The32．A．you B．they C．it33．A．others B．theother C．a(chǎn)nother34．A．save B．saved C．wassaved35．A．do B．todo C．doing三、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空36．（2021·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manypeoplebelievethatteenagersshould（allow）tomaketheirowndecisionsinsomeways.37．（2022·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ifyoudon’ttellmewhattheproblemis,Ican’t(help)you.38．（2023·四川涼山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inmyopinion,goodfriendsshould(share)happinessorsadnesswitheachother.39．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Peter,thefloorisdirty.Couldyouplease(sweep)it?40．（2021·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Youmust(go)tothedoctorbecauseyourtemperatureishigherthanusual.41．（2021·廣西百色·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Wemust(deal)withtherubbishcorrectlysothatwecanreuseitbetter.42．（2020·甘肅蘭州·中考真題）Wecan’t(run)inthehallwaysatschool.43．（2020·廣西百色·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Kidsshouldn't（swim）intheriverwithoutadults.44．（2020·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mum,couldItakeoffmymasktoday?It’salittlehot.—Well,I’mafraidwe(wear)masksforsomemoretime.45．（2020·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whenmakingafruitsalad,you'dbetterfreshfruit.（choose）提升專(zhuān)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—CouldIhaveawordwithyou,Mum?—Ohdear,ifyou________.A．can B．must C．may D．should2．—MydaughtermasteredJapaneseinlessthantwoyears.—Didshe?She________haveagiftforlanguage.A．must B．might C．should D．can3．—Oh,Ihadaterribletoothache.—You’dbetter________adoctorandhaveyourbadteeth________out.A．tosee;pulling B．see;pulled C．seeing;pulling D．saw;pulled4．—Who________be?It’stoolate.—ItmustbeHenry.A．musthe B．canit C．shouldit5．—Look!ThatisNancy.—That________beher.ShehasgonetoYunnanwithherfamily.A．might B．can’t C．must D．could6．It________havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.A．may B．can C．must7．—Lucy,whichsongwillyouchooseforyourshow?—I________chooseLonelyWarrior(《孤勇者》).I’mnotsure.A．must B．may C．would D．should8．Thebrightlight________beaUFO.Thereisnosuchthing.A．must B．can’t C．might D．mustn’t9．—Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?—Yes,you________.A．need B．could C．can10．—WangMing,mayIcallyourgrandmahernameinChina?—No,you________,Tom.It’simpolitetodoso.A．mustn’t B．maynot C．needn’t11．—Wilson,________youhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?—Sure,noproblem.A．could B．should C．might12．—MayIputmybikehere?—No,you________.Itisforthesharedbikes.Putitoverthere,please.A．mustn’t B．won’t C．needn’t13．—Mom,________Ieatthesandwichesnow?—No.Youmustsetthetablefirst.A．must B．may C．should14．—Accordingtoourschoolrules,teenagers________beallowedtosmokeintheschool.—Soitis.Weshouldpayattentiontoteachingthechildrentodevelopgoodhabits.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t15．Thenovel________beJack’s.Hedoesn’tlikenovelsatall.A．mustn’t B．maynot C．can’t D．needn’t16．—Dad,mustIdomyhomeworknow?—No,you________.Youcanplaygameswithyourfriendsforalittlewhile.A．can’t B．needn’t C．may17．—Ridingtoworkhasbecomepopularnow.—It________be.It’snotonlyconvenientbutalsoagreenwayoflife.A．must B．can C．should18．—TibetanchildrenfromtheChildren’sHomeofYushuQianghai________behappyonChildren’sDay.—That’strue.TheyhadfunvisitingthePalaceMuseuminBeijingA．need B．must C．can’t19．—Onmywaytothebookstore,IsawSallyhangingoutwithhermom.—It________beSally.She’shavingapianolesson.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．won’t20．Youranswer________beright,butI’mgoingtoaskteachertomakesure.A．might B．can’t C．must D．needn’t二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空21．Studentsmustn’t(be)lateforschool.22．Itisrushhour,soyou’dbetter,Ithink,(notbe)toocareless.23．Thedishwillfourhungrypeople.(service)24．Takingpartinmoresocialactivitiescanourlifeexperiences.(rich)25．Youhavetothetheatreduringthebreaktimewhentheplayison.(entrance)26．It’sreportedthatitisgoingtorain,soyou’dbetter,Ithink,not(go)forapicnictomorrow.27．We’dbetter(noteat)toomuchsweetfood.28．In2050,manykindsofanimalsmayfromourEarthbecauseofpollution.Wemustdosomethingtostopthat.(appear)29．Intheend,mybrothercanonhimselftoperformthejobwell.(independent)30．Youmust(memory)thissecretmessage,andthenburnit.三、語(yǔ)法選擇YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,diedattheageof91inChangshainMay2021,31hislegacyliveson,mostrecentlywiththesuccessfuldevelopmentofthe“hugerice”.Itistwiceastallascommonrice32isusuallyaboutonemetertall.In2018,hisspecialtypeofrice33inChongqingfor15mu.Itwasgrown34Mayandharvestedfourmonthslater.Eachmuofthefields35about750—900kilograms.Thistypeofriceisnotonlystrongandtall,butalsoresistanttoflood.Itcan36bringmanynutrientstoplantsnearbyandprovide37goodlivingenvironmentforanimalsinwater.38thewaterinthericefieldsis60-80centimetersdeep,it39evenbeusedtoraisefishes.Fromnextyear,“thegiantrice”willbeplantedin40muoffieldsinChongqing.Yuanoncetoldthereporter41hedreamed:to“enjoythecoolshadebeneathriceplants42thanmen”andtoseehybridricegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodshortage.But43,hecan’tseethisachievement.Manypeoplepostedonlinetopaytribute（致敬）toYuanafter44thesuccessofdevelopingthe“giantrice”,saying“45dreamisgraduallycomin