安徽省高二名校階段檢測(cè)聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題 含解析

英語考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：至選擇性必修Book1Unit2。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howdidthewomangettheinspirationtopaintthewall?A.Fromabook.B.Fromapainting.C.Fromafilm.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Cooklunch.C.Makesomecake.3.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogodancingtonight?A.Shedoesn'tlikedancing.B.Sheplanstogetupearlytomorrow.C.Shewantstovisithergrandmathen.4.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehasrunoutofoil.B.Shewillspendmuchonhercarrepairs.C.Itwilltakeaverylongtimetofixhercar.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Weather.B.Acity.C.Anaccident.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemandolastmonth?A.HetravelledaroundDetroit.B.Heattendedasalesmeeting.C.Hewenttoanightschool.7.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inabusinesscenter.B.Inaconferencehall.C.Inafitnesscenter.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthemandobeforehemetthewoman?A.Helookedforhisphone.B.Hehadadrink.C.Hefocusedonhiswork.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshouldhavedone?A.Heshouldhavecalledherup.B.Heshouldhavewaitedforher.C.Heshouldhaveapologizedtothepeople.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidthemanorderforhismother?A.Adrink.B.Somechocolate.C.Acake.11.Whatcouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Awaitress.B.Amanager.C.Aconsumer.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Recommendameal.B.Seethemenu.C.TalktoJohn.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13Howdothetwospeakerslikethecoffee?A.Ittastesbad.B.Itisjustsoso.C.Itistotheirtaste.14.Whatisthewoman'sopiniononherlastclass?A.Thrilling.B.Boring.C.Instructive.15.Howistheatmospherewhenthestudentshavediscussionsintheman'sclass?A.Tense.B.Dull.C.Lively.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Sitinontheman'sclass.B.Haveachatwiththeprofessor.C.RegisterforacourseinWorldHistory.聽第10段，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisthePhotocopyRoom?A.AcrossfromtheCirculationDesk.B.AcrossfromtheReadingRoom.C.Acrossfromtherestrooms.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdointhestudyrooms?A.Dointeractiveactivities.B.Readsometopstories.C.Checkoutbooks.19.Whenwasthelibrarybuilt?A.5yearago.B.Onedecadeago.C.Twodecadesago.20.Whatisthespeakergoingtodonext?A.Introducesomebooks.BAnswerthelisteners'questions.C.Showsomenewspapersandmagazines.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APeopleareobsessed(對(duì)……著迷)withappsthesedays.Whetherthey’regoodorbad,someappscanreallymakeourlifeeasier.Therearesomeappsthatcanmakeyourlifeeasierandhappier.RelaxMelodiesStressisaninevitable(不可避免的)partoflife.Whenyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithstressinahealthyway,itcancausemanyhealthissues,includinganxietyanddepression.Thisappfeaturesrelaxingsoundsthathelpyoufightstressandfallasleepfaster.Itcanhelpyourbabytosleepbetteraswell.Thesoundsareperfectforyogaandmassagesessions,too.Ifyouarelookingtoimproveyourhealth,givethisappatry.FitbitTheFitbitappwillhelpyouliveahealthierlifeandbemoreactivethroughouttheday.Ithelpstowatchyourcalorieintake,keepyourweightundercontrol,keeptrackofyourdailyactivities,followyourtrainingprogram,achieveyourfitnessandweight-lossgoals,andmanymore,Youcaninviteyourfamilymembers,friendsorcoworkerstojoinandcompetewiththem.Theappisfree.PocketExpensePersonalFinanceKeeptrackofyourspending,monitoringallyourfinancialaccounts,trackallyourbills，reachyoursavingsgoalsandoverallkeepyourbudgetundercontrolwiththisapp.Theapphelpsyoutoseehowmuchmoneyisleft.Itcanteachyoutoshopwiselyandbudgetyourmoneymoreefficiently.GrouponTheGrouponapphelpstogetdealsfor50%—70%offthemostpopularstufftosee,doandpurchasethingsinover500citiesworldwide.Youcansaveonalmosteverythingwhiletravelingaroundtheworld.Thisappisamust-haveforwisebuyers.1.HowcanRelaxMelodiesbenefitpeople?A.Byhelpingpeopledealwithhardtasks.B.Bykeepingtrackofpeople’sdailyactivities.C.Bygettingpeopletofeelcalmwithsounds.D.Byimprovingpeople’sleveltoappreciatemusic.2.Whichofthefollowingappscanassistyouifyouwishtogetthingsatadiscount?A.Fitbit. B.Groupon.C.RelaxMelodies. D.PocketExpensePersonalFinance.3.WhydopeoplechoosetheappPocketExpensePersonalFinance?A.Itcanmakeyourelaxed.B.Itcanhelpyoukeepinshape.C.Itcanhelpyouspendmoneymorereasonably.D.Itcantellyouwheretobuyhigh-qualitygoods.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些能讓我們的生活更加輕松、快樂的APP?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RelaxMelodies中的“Stressisaninevitable(不可避免的)partoflife.Whenyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithstressinahealthyway,itcancausemanyhealthissues,includinganxietyanddepression.Thisappfeaturesrelaxingsoundsthathelpyoufightstressandfallasleepfaster.(壓力是生活中不可避免的一部分。當(dāng)你不知道如何以健康的方式處理壓力時(shí)，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多健康問題，包括焦慮和抑郁。這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的特點(diǎn)是放松的聲音，幫助你對(duì)抗壓力，更快入睡。)”可知，這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以通過放松的聲音幫助人們對(duì)抗壓力，感到平靜。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Groupon中的“TheGrouponapphelpstogetdealsfor50%-70%offthemostpopularstufftosee,doandpurchasethingsinover500citiesworldwide.(團(tuán)購(gòu)網(wǎng)站Groupon的應(yīng)用程序可以在全球500多個(gè)城市提供最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)和購(gòu)物優(yōu)惠，折扣為5-7折。)”可知，Groupon這個(gè)程序可以幫助人們?cè)谫?gòu)物時(shí)享受折扣。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)PocketExpensePersonalFinance中的“Keeptrackofyourspending,monitoringallyourfinancialaccounts,trackallyourbills，reachyoursavingsgoalsandoverallkeepyourbudgetundercontrolwiththisapp.Theapphelpsyoutoseehowmuchmoneyisleft.Itcanteachyoutoshopwiselyandbudgetyourmoneymoreefficiently.(跟蹤你的支出，監(jiān)控你所有的財(cái)務(wù)賬戶，跟蹤你所有的賬單，達(dá)到你的儲(chǔ)蓄目標(biāo)，總體上控制你的預(yù)算。這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以幫助你看到還有多少錢。它可以教你明智地購(gòu)物，更有效地預(yù)算你的錢。)”可知，PocketExpensePersonalFinance這個(gè)程序可以幫助人們更合理地花錢。故選C。BCharlieChaplinBritishcomedian(喜劇演員),producer,writer,directorandcomposer,iswidelyregardedasthegreatestcomicartistofthescreenandoneofthemostimportantfiguresinthefilmhistory.Chaplinwasnamedafterhisfather,aBritishentertainer.Hespenthisearlychildhoodwithhismother,thesingerHannahHall,aftersheandhisfatherseparated,andhetooktheplaceofhismentallyunstablemothertoappearonthestage.However,heandhismotherweresoonseparatedfromeachotherbecausethesickHallwassenttoahospital.Then,Charliewassenttoaseriesofboardingschools.Usinghismother’sshow-businesscontacts,Charliebecameaprofessionalentertainerin1897whenhebecameamemberoftheEightLancashireLads,adancinggroup.HisearlystagecharactersincludeasmallroleinWilliamGillette'sSherlockHolmes(1899).WhiletouringAmericawiththeKarnocompanyin1913,ChaplinwassignedtoappearinMackSennett’sKeystonecomedyfilms.ThoughMakingaLiving(1914)wasnotthefailurethathistorianshaveclaimed,Chaplin’sfirstscreencharacterdidnotshowhimtothebestadvantage.Tocomeupwithamoreworkablescreenimage,Chaplincreatedanoutfitconsistingofatoo-smallcoat,too-largepantsandawalkingstick.Asafinishingtouch,heputonamustache(胡子).ItwasinhissecondKeystonefilm,KidAutoRacesatVenice(1914),thatChaplin’sclassicscreencharacter,“theLittleTramp(流浪漢)”,wasborn.Intruth,Chaplindidnotalwaysportrayatramp;inmanyofhisfilmshischaracterwasemployedasawaiter,storeclerk,fireman,andthelike.ButtheTramp’sattractionwasuniversal:audienceslovedhischeekiness(厚臉皮),unexpectedbraveryandespeciallyhisrecoveryinthefaceofdifficultieswhichmovedtheaudiencemost.SomehistorianshavetracedtheTramp’soriginstoChaplin’sDickensianchildhoodwhileothershavesuggestedthatthecharacterhaditsrootsinthemottoofChaplin’steacher,FredKarno,“Keepiteager,gentlemen,keepiteager”.Whateverthecase,withinmonthsafterhisnoviewason,Chaplinwasthescreen’sbiggeststar.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutChaplin’smother?A.Shehadamentaldisease.B.Shewassenttoahospitalduetoaninjury.C.Sheaccidentallylosthershow-businesscontacts.D.Sheearnedalargeamountofmoneybysingingsongs.5.WhendidChaplinappearastheLittleTrampinafilm?A.In1897. B.In1899. C.In1913. D.In1914.6.WhichaspectoftheTrampmovedtheaudiencemost?A.Hisabilitytorecoverfromdifficulties.B.Hisuniqueandseriousappearance.C.Hisactionwithawalkingstick.D.Hisspeciallearningexperience.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThevalueoftheTramp. B.ThesourcesoftheTramp.C.TheexperiencesoftheTramp. D.ThecharacteristicsoftheTramp.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。查理·卓別林是英國(guó)喜劇演員、制片人、作家、導(dǎo)演和作曲家，被廣泛認(rèn)為是銀幕上最偉大的喜劇藝術(shù)家，也是電影史上最重要的人物之一，文章對(duì)其生平進(jìn)行了介紹?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句“Hespenthisearlychildhoodwithhismother,thesingerHannahHall,aftersheandhisfatherseparated,andhetooktheplaceofhismentallyunstablemothertoappearonthestage.However,heandhismotherweresoonseparatedfromeachotherbecausethesickHallwassenttoahospital.(他的母親是歌手漢娜·霍爾，在她和父親分居后，他和母親一起度過了童年，他代替精神不穩(wěn)定的母親出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上。然而，他和他的母親很快就分開了，因?yàn)樯〉幕魻柋凰屯t(yī)院。)”可知，卓別林的母親有精神疾病。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“ItwasinhissecondKeystonefilm,KidAutoRacesatVenice(1914),thatChaplin’sclassicscreencharacter,“theLittleTramp(流浪漢)”,wasborn.(在他的第二部電影《威尼斯兒童賽車》（1914）中，卓別林的經(jīng)典銀幕角色“小流浪漢”誕生了。)”可知，卓別林是1914年在電影中扮演小流浪漢的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句“ButtheTramp’sattractionwasuniversal:audienceslovedhischeekiness(厚臉皮),unexpectedbraveryandespeciallyhisrecoveryinthefaceofdifficultieswhichmovedtheaudiencemost.(但流浪漢的吸引力是普遍的：觀眾喜歡他的厚顏無恥，意想不到的勇敢，尤其是他在困難面前的恢復(fù)，這最打動(dòng)觀眾。)”可知，“流浪漢”從困難中恢復(fù)的能力最打動(dòng)觀眾。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“SomehistorianshavetracedtheTramp’soriginstoChaplin’sDickensianchildhood,whileothershavesuggestedthatthecharacterhaditsrootsinthemottoofChaplin’steacher,FredKarno,“Keepiteager,gentlemen,keepiteager”.(一些歷史學(xué)家將流浪漢的起源追溯到卓別林狄更斯式的童年，而另一些人則認(rèn)為這個(gè)角色源于卓別林老師弗雷德·卡諾的座右銘：“保持熱情，先生們，保持熱情”。)”可知，最后一段主要是講“流浪漢”的來源。故選B。CManypeoplemaybesufferingfrom“plantblindness”,mainlybecausetheydon’tspendenoughtimeinthegreatoutdoors,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofExetersaythephenomenon(現(xiàn)象)basicallyinvolvedalackofawarenessandappreciationofnativeplants.Studyauthorexplainsthathumansarenotnaturallybadatunderstandingplants,andthatplantblindnessis“curable”throughpeople’sclosecontactwithplants.Forthestudy,researchersread326articlespublishedinacademicjournals.Mostofthemshowedpeopleweremoreinterestedinandpaidmoreattentiontoinformationaboutanimalsandplants.However,theydidnotfindevidencethatthisisaninborn(天生的)humancharacteristic.Instead,itseemstobetheresultofourlessexperiencewithnatureinurbanizedenvironments.Nowadays,ourincreasedrelianceonurbanservicesandcasheconomiesmeansthatexploringplantsdoesnotseemtobeindispensabletous,makingusstrangetoplants.Studyshoweditwascommonforchildren,especiallyyoungerkids,toconsiderplantsnotasgoodasanimalsandnottobeabletoidentifymanyspecies.Theteamalsofoundadifferenceinplantawarenessamongteachersandstudents,particularlyprimaryschoolteacherswhodidnotstudysciencefurtheratcollege.Olderpeoplehadabetterunderstandingofplants,whichmightbebecausetheyweremorelikelytohavenature-relatedhobbies.Researchersnotethatmodernizationorurbanizationhasanegativeimpactonourplantknowledge.Goingtoworkandschoolalsoreducesthetimewespendinthenaturalenvironment.Thosefactorsalsoreducethetimewespendwithfamily,indicatinggrandparentsdonotpassonsomuchknowledgeaboutplantstotheirgrandchildren.“Peoplelivinginhighlyindustrialcountrieshaveaplantattentionshortageduetoadeclineinrelevantexperiencewithplants,”saysstudyauthorDr.BethanStagg.“Peoplelivinginruralcommunitiesinlow-and-middle-incomecountriesaremorelikelytohavegreatplantknowledgeduetomoredependenceonnaturalresources.Interestingly,economicdevelopmentdoesn’tnecessarilyleadtotheknowledgebeinglostifcommunitiesstillhaveaccesstobio-diverse(生物多樣性的)environments.Thekeyistoshowsomedirectbenefitsofplantstopeopleinsteadoftheindirectbenefits,”Dr.BethanStaggadds.8.Whatcanweknowaboutplantblindnessaccordingtothestudy?A.Itisduetopeople’slimitedcontactwithplants.B.Itisaninbornhumancharacteristic.C.Itiscommonamongolderpeople.D.Itisfarfromcurable.9.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“indispensable”inparagraph2?A.Harmful. B.Friendly. C.Invisible. D.Necessary.10.Whatisthemaintopicofthefourthparagraph?A.Waysofpassingdownplantknowledgetolatergenerations.B.Negativeimpactofmodernizationontheenvironment.C.Significanceofcommunicatingwithfamilymembers.D.Causesofpeople'slackofplantknowledge.11.WhichisDr.BethanStagg’spointofviewinthelastparagraph?A.Thekeytoavoiding“plantblindness”istoshowtheindirectbenefitsofplantknowledge.B.Peoplelivinginruralcommunitiesarelesslikelytohavegreatplantknowledge.C.Peopleinhighlyindustrialcountriesusuallyhavelessknowledgeaboutplants.D.Urbanizationcanmakepeoplepaymoreattentiontobiodiversity.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要講述了什么是“植物失明”，產(chǎn)生的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeoplemaybesufferingfrom“plantblindness”,mainlybecausetheydon’tspendenoughtimeinthegreatoutdoors,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofExetersaythephenomenon(現(xiàn)象)basicallyinvolvedalackofawarenessandappreciationofnativeplants.Studyauthorexplainsthathumansarenotnaturallybadatunderstandingplants,andthatplantblindnessis“curable”throughpeople’sclosecontactwithplants.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，許多人可能患有“植物失明”，主要是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有花足夠的時(shí)間在戶外活動(dòng)。?？巳卮髮W(xué)的研究人員表示，這種現(xiàn)象基本上與缺乏對(duì)本土植物的認(rèn)識(shí)和欣賞有關(guān)。研究作者解釋說，人類并不是天生就不善于理解植物，植物盲癥是可以通過人們與植物的密切接觸而“治愈”的)”可知，關(guān)于“植物失明”是由于人們有限的接觸植物引起的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Mostofthemshowedpeopleweremoreinterestedinandpaidmoreattentiontoinformationaboutanimalsandplants.However,theydidnotfindevidencethatthisisaninborn(天生的)humancharacteristic.Instead,itseemstobetheresultofourlessexperiencewithnatureinurbanizedenvironments.(大多數(shù)調(diào)查顯示，人們對(duì)動(dòng)植物信息更感興趣，也更關(guān)注。然而，他們沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明這是人類天生的特征。相反，這似乎是我們?cè)诔鞘谢h(huán)境中與自然接觸較少的結(jié)果)”可知，雖然人們關(guān)注動(dòng)植物信息，但是沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明這是人類天生的特征，所以這意味著探索植物似乎對(duì)我們來說不是必不可少的，推知indispensable意為“不可或缺的”之意，和D項(xiàng)Necessary意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Researchersnotethatmodernizationorurbanizationhasanegativeimpactonourplantknowledge.Goingtoworkandschoolalsoreducesthetimewespendinthenaturalenvironment.Thosefactorsalsoreducethetimewespendwithfamily,indicatinggrandparentsdonotpassonsomuchknowledgeaboutplantstotheirgrandchildren.(研究人員指出，現(xiàn)代化或城市化對(duì)我們的植物知識(shí)有負(fù)面影響。上班和上學(xué)也減少了我們?cè)谧匀画h(huán)境中度過的時(shí)間。這些因素也減少了我們與家人在一起的時(shí)間，這表明祖父母沒有把那么多關(guān)于植物的知識(shí)傳給他們的孫子孫女)”可知，本段主要講述了人們對(duì)植物知識(shí)淡漠的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Peoplelivinginhighlyindustrialcountrieshaveaplantattentionshortageduetoadeclineinrelevantexperiencewithplants,”saysstudyauthorDr.BethanStagg.(“生活在高度工業(yè)化國(guó)家的人們?nèi)狈?duì)植物的關(guān)注，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)植物的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)減少了，”研究作者BethanStagg博士說)”可知，BethanStagg博士的觀點(diǎn)是高度工業(yè)化國(guó)家的人們通常對(duì)植物知之甚少。故選C項(xiàng)。DTOKYO-Japanmarkedthe78thanniversaryoftheatomicbombinginitswesterncityofHiroshima(廣島)onAugust6thamidgrowingcallsforTokyotoreflectoncrimestheJapanesearmycommittedduringWorldWarII.AtamemorialceremonyheldatthePeaceMemorialPark,HiroshimaMayorKazumiMatsuideliveredthePeaceDeclaration,urgingworldleaderstostopbelievinginthetheorythatnuclearweaponscanpreventwar.“Theymustimmediatelytakeconcretestepstoleadusfromthedangerouspresenttowardouridealworld,”saidMatsui,whoalsourgedpolicymakersto“movetowardasecuritysystembasedontrustthroughdialogueinpursuitofcivilsocietyideals”.“Mistrustanddivisionareontherise,”warnedUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresinhismessagereadoutattheceremony.Amomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime,theexactmomentwhenanatomicbombdroppedfromaUSbomberandexplodedoverthecityonAug.6,1945,killingaround140,000peoplebytheendofthatyear.Attheeventwhichabout50,000peopleattended,Matsuiplacedinamonumentalistofthenamesof339,227victims,including5,320deathsconfirmedlastyear.“JapanmustimmediatelysigntheTreaty(條約)ontheProhibitionofNuclearWeapons,”MatsuinotedinthePeaceDeclaration,furtherurgingthegovernmenttoheedthewishesofsurvivorsfromthebombingandthepeace-lovingJapanesepeople.ThenumberofsurvivorsofthetwoatomicbombingsincludingNagasakiwithanaverageageofover85,hasdroppedby5,346fromayearearlierto113,649asofMarch,accordingtotheMinistryofHealth,LaborandWelfare.JapanesePrimeMinisterFumioKishidaspokeattheceremony,sayinganatomicbombmademorethan100,000losetheirliveswithoutmentioningwhetherJapanwouldsignthetreaty,letalone(更不用說)thehistoricalbackgroundoftheatomicbombingofHiroshima.TheprimeministerwascriticizedforhostingtheGroupofSevenleaders'summitinHiroshimainMay.WhileJapaninwardlylooksatthetragediesitexperiencedattheendofWWII,historiansandpoliticalmindsoftheinternationalcommunityhaveencouragedJapantocometoseeitselfnotonlyasavictimoftheatomicbombingsbutalsoasthecriminal(罪犯)whowasinvolvedinthesetragicincidentsinthefirstplace.12.Whywasthemomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime?A.ItwasthetimewhentheatomicbombinghappenedinHiroshima.B.ItwasthetimewhentheatomicbombinghappenedinNagasaki.C.ItwasthetimewhentheUSbomberreachedJapan.D.ItwasthetimewhentheUSbombertookoff.13.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“heed”inparagraph4?A.Makefunof. B.Putupwith. C.Takedelightin. D.Payattentionto.14.WhatdidJapanesePrimeMinistermentioninhisspeech?A.Japan'ssigningthetreaty.B.Theresultoftheatomicbombing.C.Americashouldmakeupfortheloss.D.Thebackgroundoftheatomicbombing.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.NumberofsurvivorsoftwoatomicbombingsdropsinJapanB.Japan—avictimofatomicbombingsthatkillsomanypeopleC.Japanmarks78thanniversaryofatomicbombingofHiroshimaD.HiroshimaMayorexpressesnuclearweaponscan'tpreventwar【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述日本8月6日在其西部城市廣島舉行了原子彈爆炸78周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Amomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime,theexactmomentwhenanatomicbombdroppedfromaUSbomberandexplodedoverthecityonAug.6,1945,killingaround140,000peoplebytheendofthatyear.(當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間上午8時(shí)15分默哀一分鐘,這個(gè)時(shí)間正是1945年8月6日，從美國(guó)投下的原子彈掉落并在這個(gè)城市上空引爆的時(shí)刻,截止到那年年底約有14萬人死亡)”可知，選擇這個(gè)時(shí)間默哀是因?yàn)檫@是炸彈在廣島爆炸的時(shí)刻。故選A。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段劃線部分所在的句子““JapanmustimmediatelysigntheTreaty(條約)ontheProhibitionofNuclearWeapons,”MatsuinotedinthePeaceDeclaration,furtherurgingthegovernmenttoheedthewishesofsurvivorsfromthebombingandthepeace-lovingJapanesepeople.(“日本必須立即簽署禁止核武器條約，”松井在《和平宣言》中指出，進(jìn)一步敦促日本政府聽取轟炸幸存者和愛好和平的日本人民的愿望)”可知，heed在句中的意思是關(guān)注的意思，A.Makefunof取笑；B.Putupwith容忍；C.Takedelightin以……為樂；D.Payattentionto關(guān)注。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“JapanesePrimeMinisterFumioKishidaspokeattheceremony,sayinganatomicbombmademorethan100,000losetheirliveswithoutmentioningwhetherJapanwouldsignthetreaty,letalone(更不用說)thehistoricalbackgroundoftheatomicbombingofHiroshima.(日本首相基田信夫在儀式上,說原子彈爆炸造成超過10萬人喪生，沒有提到日本是否會(huì)簽署該條約,更不用說廣島原子彈爆炸的歷史背景了)”可知，日本首相基田信夫在演講中提到了原子彈爆炸的后果。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TOKYO-Japanmarkedthe78thanniversaryoftheatomicbombinginitswesterncityofHiroshima(廣島)onAugust6thamidgrowingcallsforTokyotoreflectoncrimestheJapanesearmycommittedduringWorldWarII.(東京——隨著要求日本政府反省二戰(zhàn)期間日軍犯下的罪行的呼聲越來越高，日本于8月6日在其西部城市廣島舉行了原子彈爆炸78周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng))”可知，本文主要講述日本8月6日在其西部城市廣島舉行了原子彈爆炸78周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。NEEDAGOODADVENTUREAdventuresexpandourworldbyallowingustoengagewith(與……互動(dòng))ourselvesandothersinanewway.Readyforyouradventure?____16____.StartsmallPickamanageableactivityyoucandosoon—thisweekend—closetoyourhome.Thiswillbreakyourinactivityandhelpyoubuilduptobiggeradventures.____17____.Andyoucanhandleit.ChangehowyouviewanxietyResearchfromHarvardUniversityshowsthatpeoplewhointerpretedtheirnervousnessaboutactivitiessuchaskaraokesingingandpublicspeakingasexcitementenjoyedtheexperiencesmoreandperformedbetterthanthosewhotriedtopressdowntheiranxiety._____18_____UseyourimaginationYoumaypicturetheworst-casescene:Sayyouwanttogoonahikebutareworriedyou’llbecomelost,hurtortooexhaustedtogethome.Next,youshouldimaginethebest-casescene:Thebeautifulview,thefunyou’llhave,andyoursenseofaccomplishmentafterward.____19____Thinkofitasanuplifttalk.Startbyaddressingyourfear,“Iknowyou’renervous.Thisisnormalbecauseyou’releavingyourcomfortzone.”Thenwriteabouttheskillsyouhaveandthepastexperiencesthatwentwell.Thepointistoensureyourfeelingsandremindyourselfthateventhoughyoufeelnervous,youcanhandlethis.RelaxabouttheresultIfyoucoulddothiswholethingperfectly,itwouldnotbetheadventureyou’relookingfor.Remember:Whateverhappens,itshouldmakeagoodstory.____20____.Itwillhelpyoustopcomplainingnow.Andyou’llfeelconnectedtoothers.A.Here’ssomeadviceB.WriteyourselfaletterC.Don’tblameotherpeopleD.YourculturalbackgroundsmaygiveyouaspiritofadventureE.Thischangedtheirfearintoanopportunitymindset(思維模式)F.ImagininghowfunitwillbetotellyourfriendsaboutyouradventurousstorylaterG.Takinggradualstepsteachesyourbrainthattheexperienceisnotasbadasyouexpected【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些建議幫助我們開始一段冒險(xiǎn)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Readyforyouradventure?(準(zhǔn)備好冒險(xiǎn)了嗎?)”可知，上文引出冒險(xiǎn)這一主題；而下文內(nèi)容則介紹了一些如何冒險(xiǎn)的建議。選項(xiàng)A“Here’ssomeadvice(這里有一些建議)”承上啟下，符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Thiswillbreakyourinactivityandhelpyoubuilduptobiggeradventures.(這將打破你的惰性，幫助你建立更大的冒險(xiǎn)。)”可知，小的冒險(xiǎn)會(huì)幫助你建立更大的冒險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)G“Takinggradualstepsteachesyourbrainthattheexperienceisnotasbadasyouexpected(循序漸進(jìn)地告訴你的大腦，這段經(jīng)歷并不像你想象的那么糟糕)”與上文內(nèi)容相一致，通過循序漸進(jìn)的方法可以讓自己慢慢建立更大的冒險(xiǎn)。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“ResearchfromHarvardUniversityshowsthatpeoplewhointerpretedtheirnervousnessaboutactivitiessuchaskaraokesingingandpublicspeakingasexcitementenjoyedtheexperiencesmoreandperformedbetterthanthosewhotriedtopressdowntheiranxiety.(哈佛大學(xué)的研究表明，那些將自己對(duì)卡拉ok和公開演講等活動(dòng)的緊張情緒解釋為興奮的人，比那些試圖壓制焦慮情緒的人更享受這些經(jīng)歷，表現(xiàn)也更好。)”可知，上文主要講述的是如何改變對(duì)焦慮的看法。選項(xiàng)E“Thischangedtheirfearintoanopportunitymindset(思維模式)(這將他們的恐懼轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C(jī)遇心態(tài)。)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，講述的是這些人可以將恐懼轉(zhuǎn)變成機(jī)遇。故選E。【19題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Thinkofitasanuplifttalk.Startbyaddressingyourfear,“Iknowyou’renervous.Thisisnormalbecauseyou’releavingyourcomfortzone.”Thenwriteabouttheskillsyouhaveandthepastexperiencesthatwentwell.Thepointistoensureyourfeelingsandremindyourselfthateventhoughyoufeelnervous,youcanhandlethis.(就當(dāng)這是一次鼓舞人心的談話吧。從解決你的恐懼開始，“我知道你很緊張。這很正常，因?yàn)槟阋x開自己的舒適區(qū)。”然后寫下你所擁有的技能和過去順利的經(jīng)歷。關(guān)鍵是要確保你的感覺，并提醒自己，即使你感到緊張，你也能處理好。)”可知，本段主要講述的是寫封信給自己，解決自己的恐懼。選項(xiàng)B“Writeyourselfaletter(給自己寫封信)”正是本段主要內(nèi)容。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Remember:Whateverhappens,itshouldmakeagoodstory.(記?。簾o論發(fā)生什么，都應(yīng)該是一個(gè)好故事。)”可知，冒險(xiǎn)的結(jié)果不管是什么都會(huì)是個(gè)好故事。選項(xiàng)F“Imagininghowfunitwillbetotellyourfriendsaboutyouradventurousstorylater(想象一下以后跟你的朋友講述你的冒險(xiǎn)故事會(huì)有多有趣)”既延續(xù)了上文內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也和下文“Itwillhelpyoustopcomplainingnow.Andyou’llfeelconnectedtoothers.(這會(huì)幫助你停止抱怨。你會(huì)覺得和別人有聯(lián)系。)”保持一致。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Christmaswasapproaching.Istillhadn’tpreparedagiftformywifeDonna.However,Donnawasgoodat____21____things,andshewouldhave____22____giftsforeveryonelongbeforeChristmas.WehadjustmovedtoItalyandwerestill____23____.WhileDonnawasawayonbusiness,Icontinuedworkingonthe____24____sothatwecouldliveinitcomfortably.IalsocaredforPrincess,Donna’sbelovedcat.Oneday,sherushedoutandwasgone!NorthernItalyisusually____25____warm,soshewouldn’t____26____.Butshemighthavetohandleferal(野生的)cats.Ourholidayswouldbe____27____ifPrincesswasn’tbackbeforeChristmas.Therefore,Imadeaposterwitha(n)____28____ofPrincess,ahurrieddrawingandapromisedpayback.Soon,peoplevisitedmewithvariousferalcatsbecauseofmyuncleardrawingorthe____29____Ioffered,Icouldnever______30______ahungryanimal.Somanycatsmovedintoouryardsoon.Donna’sdailycallscontinued,andsodidmydailyvisits.Istilldidn’tmentionthe______31______.DonnafinallyreturnedandshowedmethegiftsforPrincessaswedrovehome,while______32______consideredhowto______33______thenews.Whenapproachingourhome,Donnashouted,“YougivemethebestChristmasgift!”Iwas______34______.Lookingaround,IsawPrincessplayingwithothercatsinouryard!ThenIrealizedDonnamisunderstoodmy______35______.Anyway,thatwashowIavoidedthepossibleblameandgaveDonnaaChristmasgiftatthelastminuteagain.21.A.decorating B.recycling C.evaluating D.planning22.A.thoughtful B.cheap C.common D.similar23.A.exercising B.unpacking C.wandering D.arguing24.A.library B.house C.store D.clinic25.A.horribly B.abnormally C.reasonably D.rarely26.A.freeze B.escape C.starve D.move27.A.replaced B.advocated C.ruined