定語完整版本

定語TheAttribute定語的含義：定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。主要有形容詞，此外還有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式（短語）、分詞、定語從句或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞、短語或句子都可以作定語。漢語中常用‘……的’表示。ayounggirlawomandrivermyfatherfiveboysthestudentinblueasmilingteacherretiredworkersanadoptedsonIamlookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Ishethemanwhowantstoseeyou?ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.定語的分類：前置定語2.后置定語后置定語可以分為三大類：1.定語從句

2.短語

3.單個詞不定式短語現(xiàn)在分詞短語過去分詞短語非謂語動詞短語形容詞短語介詞短語一.定語從句做后置定語1.構(gòu)成：關(guān)系代/副詞+從句2.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞：that,which,whose,who,whom,as；關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why。

3.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成份。（可充當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語，狀語等句子成分）

ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.注意：關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)動詞的賓語時一般可以省略Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.4.關(guān)系代詞的選用比較復(fù)雜，受下列條件的制約（1）要看先行詞是指人還是指物

Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselive

longer.

ThisistheschoolthatIvisitedlastyear.

（2）要看關(guān)系詞在從句中句法功能Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichmybrotherjoinedthearmy.（作狀語）Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.（作賓語）I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.（做定語）（3）要看定語從句是限定性的還是非限定性的。Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.InthemorningIhavetoleaveearlyfrommyhome,whichisfarawayfromtheschool.

二.短語做后置定語1、介詞短語2、形容詞短語3、現(xiàn)在分詞短語4、過去分詞短語5、動詞不定式非謂語動詞1、介詞短語做后置定語介詞短語做后置修飾語在意義上表示時間、地點(diǎn)、范圍、類別、來源、動賓、同位等語義關(guān)系。例如：The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

in

Guangzhou.

People

in

the

world

play

basketball.

His

love

for

his

country

is

very

great.

The

city

of

New

York

is

very

large.

2.形容詞短語做修飾語時，往往后置。He

looked

at

the

street

full

of

cars.

Thedriverresponsiblefortheaccidentfledaway.Thosepresentatthemeetingallgraduatedfromthisschool.3、現(xiàn)在分詞短語做后置定語

They

built

a

highway

leading

into

the

city.Ihaveafriendworkingasabankclerk.

4、過去分詞短語做后置定語

表示被動意義、完成意義或狀態(tài)意義。

What’s

the

language

spoken

in

that

area?

Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhasn’tbeensolved.Doyouknowthemansurroundedbythem?

5、動詞不定式做后置定語：

與被修飾成分之間表示不同的語義關(guān)系：（1）表示動賓關(guān)系（2）表示主謂關(guān)系（3）表示修飾關(guān)系（4）表示同位關(guān)系

（1）表示動賓關(guān)系I

have

a

lot

of

work

to

do

today.

He

had

a

big

family

to

support.

（2）表示主謂關(guān)系

He’s

always

the

first

to

come.

Among

the

men

to

take

part

in

the

work,

he

is

probably

the

most

active.

（3）表示修飾關(guān)系

動詞不定式對其修飾的成分起一種描繪闡述作用。It’s

already

time

to

start

planting

trees.

He

had

no

chance

to

go

school

in

thoseyears.

（4）

表示同位關(guān)系

不定式和被修飾的名詞處于平行關(guān)系只對其起一種解說作用。

Soon

came

the

order

to

start

the

general

attack.We

got

no

instructions

to

leave

the

city.

高考鏈接【2012重慶】29.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【2012福建】23.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what【2012湖南】34.Careofthesoulisagradualprocess____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich【2012江西】28.By16:30,____wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that【2012四川】13.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem1.Those_______________________atanytimearetruefriendsandtheywillalwaysstandbyyounomatterwhathappens.(rely,你可以依賴的)2.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,__________________________intotelevisionseries.(make,兩部小說都已經(jīng)被制作)3.Thebridge______________________________________nextyearisdesignedbyafamous