江蘇省連云港市灌南縣2024-2025學年高二上學期11月期中英語試題

2024～2025學年第一學期期中調(diào)研考試高二英語試卷注意事項：1．考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分150分。2．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號寫在答題卡上。3．請用2B鉛筆和0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上指定區(qū)域作答。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inalibrary.B．Inabookstore.C．Inaclassroom.2．Whatwillthemandointheafternoon?A．Visitacustomer.B．Gototheairport.C．Eatinarestaurant.3．Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A．Toapplyforanewjob.B．Tomakeanapology.C．Tomakeanappointment.4．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hecannothelp.B．Hehaslosthisway.C．Heisnotinterested.5．WhatisJanegoingtodothisevening?A．Workintheoffice.B．FlytoNewYork.C．HavedinnerwithKevin.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2至4個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7題。6．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Strangers.B．Roommates.C．Neighbors.7．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Findastreetmap.B．Runtocatchabus.C．Walktothemarket.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10題。8．WhatdidDaviddolastnight?A．Heplayedvolleyball.B．Hewatchedtelevision.C．Hereadthenewspaper.9．WhenwillthematchonSaturdayafternoonstart?A．At2:30.B．At3:00.C．At3:30.10．WhatwillLisadofirst?A．Talkwithhermom.B．GiveDavidacall.C．Takeapianolesson.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13題。11．Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.12．Whichbusarethespeakersgoingtotake?A．No.3.B．No.11.C．No.17.13．Howwillthewomangotoworktomorrow?A．Byunderground.B．Onfoot.C．Bybus.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第16題。14．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Servingacustomer.B．Givinganinterview.C．Askingfordirections.15．WhatdoesBillHarringtondo?A．He’sabusdriver.B．He’sastudent.C．He’saphotographer.16．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A．Visitalocalpark.B．Buyadishwasher.C．Lookatsomeflats.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20題。17．HowmuchdoesitcostagrownuptovisittheSeaLifeCentre?A．￡2.B．￡4.C．￡10.18．Whendothehourlyfeedingtimesforthefishbegin?A．At8:30am.B．At9:30am.C．At10:30am19．WhatcanchildrendointheSeaLifeTheatre?A．Performinaplay.B．Talkwithanactor.C．Watchashortfilm.20．WhatisthelatestattractionattheSeaLifeTheatre?A．Anunderwaterglasspassage.B．Anopenairswimmingpool.C．Anoutsidechildren’splayarea.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheHSKisagloballyrunstandardizedtestofChineselanguageabilityfornonnativespeakers.Whetheryouseektoensurequalificationsforscholarshipsorgainanadvantageinthejobmarketorarelatedacademicfield,anHSKpasswillserveyouwell.But,ofcourse,manylearnersalsofindanexamtobeanexcellentsourceofmotivation!WorkingwiththeChineseTestingCentre,wearedelightedtoannouncethatourInstitutewillcontinuetoofferopportunitiesforinterestedcandidatestosit2024HSKExamswhichwillbeinpersonexamsonly.ThenextofflineexamwilltakeplaceonSunday,19May.PleasevisitHSKExamsOfficialPagetoregister.Arecentpassportphotoisrequiredwhenpletingtheregistrationform.Astandard2inchidentificationphotonolargerthan100kbmustbesenttoinfo@confuciusinstitute.ac.ukafteryouregistertheexamonline.Youradmissionticketcanbeprintedintheexamregistrationsystemaftertheregistrationcloses.Ontheexamdate,youMUSTbringyouradmissionticketandtheidentificationdocument,oryouwillnotbeabletosittheexamontheday.ExaminationFees:HSKofflineHSK1HSK2HSK3HSK4HSK5HSK6Standard￡10.00￡20.00￡30.00￡40.00￡50.00￡60.00Pleasenotethatifyouwanttobookmorethanoneexamlevel,youneedtogothroughthebookingprocessforeachitemyouwishtobookandpaycorrespondingly.Forpostageandpacking,extra￡3.00isrequiredforeachlevel.1.WhatbenefitwillanHSKpassbring?A.Qualifyingforscholarships. B.Gettingadreamjob.C.Havingacademicexchange. D.Improvingexaminationskills.2.WhatisanecessitywhenyouregisterfortheHSK?A.Arecentpassportphoto. B.Astandard2inchIDphoto.C.Aprintedadmissionticket. D.Anidentificationdocument.3.HowmuchdoyoupayifyouwanttobookHSK3andHSK4withpostageandpacking?A.￡33.00. B.￡43.00. C.￡70.00. D.￡76.00.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年HSK漢語水平考試的報名信息、考試要求及費用詳情，強調(diào)了考試對非母語者的益處與動機作用?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whetheryouseektoensurequalificationsforscholarshipsorgainanadvantageinthejobmarketorarelatedacademicfield,anHSKpasswillserveyouwell.(無論你是想確保獲得獎學金的資格，還是想在就業(yè)市場或相關(guān)學術(shù)領(lǐng)域獲得優(yōu)勢，HSK通行證都會很好地為你服務(wù))”可知，HSK通行證會讓你有資格獲得獎學金。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“PleasevisitHSKExamsOfficialPagetoregister.Arecentpassportphotoisrequiredwhenpletingtheregistrationform.(請訪問HSK考試官方頁面進行注冊。填寫登記表時需要護照近照)”可知，報名時需要近期的護照照片。故選A。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)費用部分，HSK3的費用是￡30.00，HSK4的費用是￡40.00，以及最后一段的“Forpostageandpacking,extra￡3.00isrequiredforeachlevel.(郵費和包裝費，每層需額外支付3.00英鎊)”可知，再加上每級郵寄和包裝的額外費用￡3.00（共兩次），所以總費用為：30+40+3+3=￡76.00。故選D。BMypassionforthefieldofdietetics(營養(yǎng)學)startedataveryyoungage.EversinceIcanremember,Ihavebeendreamingofbeingapastrychef.Igrewupbeingpartofvarioussportsteams.AsIgrewolder,Inoticedhowfoodinfluencedmyperformanceasanathlete.Istartedreadingmoreaboutnutritionandsignedupforanintroductorynutritioncourseduringmyfirstyearofcollege.However,InoticedwhenIenteredmydieteticsclasses,thatIlookedquitedifferentfrommoststudents.Iwastheonlyethnicallydiversestudentinmyclasses.MymomwasborninAustriaandmyfatherinIran.TheymetinAustriaandmovedtotheU.S.beforemybrotherandIwereborn.Theyexposedustotheirowntraditionalculturalfoods,andIgrewupeatingabinationofIranianandAustriandishes.Irememberneverhavingatasteforschoolcafeteriafood,soIalwaysrequestedmymompackmelunch.Shewouldpackmeleftoversfromdinner,suchasakukusabzi,aPersianeggandherbfrittata,orschnitzelwithdartoffelsalat,atypicalAustriandishoffriedbreadedchicken.Attimes,Ifeltembarrassedaboutmymeals,andwouldhidethesefrommypeerstoavoidthehorriblequestionof,“Ew,whatisthat?”However,overtime,andonceIbecameaqualifiedRD(注冊營養(yǎng)師),Irealizedmyuniquebackgroundallowedmetoconnectmoredeeplywithothersfromdifferentcultures.Iencouragedmyclientstosharewhattheygrewupeatingandwhatfoodswerecustomarytotheiruniqueupbringing.Idevelopednutritionremendationsformyclientsthatincludedtraditionalfoodfromtheirheritageculture.TheseexperiencesandmydualheritagebackgroundempoweredmetoencouragemyclientsandotherRDstoproudlysharetheiruniqueculturalfoods,tostopfeelingembarrassed,butinsteadembraceourdifferencesandincreaseculturalawarenessinthefieldofdietetics.4.Whatmadetheauthortakethenutritioncourseincollege?A.Hisdreamofbeingapastrychefasachild.B.Histhirstfordieteticsknowledgeallhislife.C.Hisawarenessoftheeffectoffoodonhissports.D.Hislackofessentialnutritionforphysicalhealth.5.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sfavoritedishes.B.Theauthor’smixedidentities.C.Theauthor’sculturetendency.D.Theauthor’schildhoodmemory.6Whydidtheauthordislikebeingaskedabouthismeals?A.Theylookedveryodd.B.Theywerenotauthentic.C.Theyhadaterribletaste.D.Theyinvolveculturalsecret.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocriticizepeople’sculturalprejudice.B.Tosharehisuniquegrowthexperiences.C.Toadvertisefoodfromhishometown.D.Toencourageacceptingculturaldiversity.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者獨特的家庭文化背景成就了他自小的夢想——注冊營養(yǎng)師。作者希望通過他的成長經(jīng)歷，激勵人們擁抱多元文化，在營養(yǎng)學領(lǐng)域增強文化融合的意識?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Igrewupbeingpartofvarioussportsteams.AsIgrewolder,Inoticedhowfoodinfluencedmyperformanceasanathlete.Istartedreadingmoreaboutnutritionandsignedupforanintroductorynutritioncourseduringmyfirstyearofcollege.(我從小就是各種運動隊的一員。隨著年齡的增長，我注意到食物是如何影響我作為運動員的表現(xiàn)的。我開始閱讀更多關(guān)于營養(yǎng)學的書籍，并在大學一年級時報名參加了營養(yǎng)學入門課程)”可知，對食物對健康影響的認識促使作者在大學里選修了營養(yǎng)學課程。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“MymomwasborninAustriaandmyfatherinIran.TheymetinAustriaandmovedtotheU.S.beforemybrotherandIwereborn.Theyexposedustotheirowntraditionalculturalfoods,andIgrewupeatingabinationofIranianandAustriandishes.(我媽媽出生在奧地利，爸爸出生在伊朗。他們在奧地利相遇，并在我哥哥和我出生之前搬到了美國。他們讓我們接觸他們自己傳統(tǒng)文化食物，我從小就吃著伊朗和奧地利菜肴長大)”可知，第四段主要講的是作者的復(fù)雜身份。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Shewouldpackmeleftoversfromdinner,suchasakukusabzi,aPersianeggandherbfrittata,orschnitzelwithdartoffelsalat,atypicalAustriandishoffriedbreadedchicken.Attimes,Ifeltembarrassedaboutmymeals,andwouldhidethesefrommypeerstoavoidthehorriblequestionof,“Ew,whatisthat?”(她會給我打包晚飯的剩菜，比如庫庫薩布齊（一種波斯雞蛋和香草煎蛋餅），或者帶炸面包屑雞肉配土豆沙拉的奧地利經(jīng)典菜肴。有時，我會為我的飯菜感到尷尬，會把它們藏起來，以免被同學問到那個可怕的問題：“呃，那是什么？”)”可知，作者在求學期間，總是在家自帶午餐到校，受家庭文化背景的影響，作者的午餐有著濃濃的異域特色，這與學校的食物相比，看起來奇特怪異，因此作者害怕同學們詢問午餐的事，因為在同學們的眼里，作者是“另類”?？赏浦髡吆ε卤粏柤八娘嬍骋驗樗娘埐丝雌饋砗蛯W校的很不一樣。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheseexperiencesandmydualheritagebackgroundempoweredmetoencouragemyclientsandotherRDstoproudlysharetheiruniqueculturalfoods,tostopfeelingembarrassed,butinsteadembraceourdifferencesandincreaseculturalawarenessinthefieldofdietetics.(這些經(jīng)歷和我的雙重文化背景使我能夠鼓勵我的客戶和其他注冊營養(yǎng)師自豪地分享他們獨特的文化食物，不要感到尷尬，而是擁抱我們的差異，提高營養(yǎng)領(lǐng)域的文化意識)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者獨特的家庭文化背景成就了他自小的夢想——注冊營養(yǎng)師。作者希望通過他的成長經(jīng)歷，激勵人們接受多元文化，在營養(yǎng)學領(lǐng)域增強文化融合的意識。故作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵接受文化多樣性。故選D項。CAscitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbeinghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwellbeing.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehumannatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Pocketparksarenowpopular. B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated. D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.9.Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipantsubmissionsintocategories?A.Toparedifferenttypesofparkgoers. B.Toexplainwhytheparkattractstourists.C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark. D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors’summaries.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph5?A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccesstonature.B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeractwithnature.C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferentforms.D.Thenaturelanguageenhancesworkperformance.11.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?A.Languagestudy. B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation. D.Interculturalmunication.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。城市化讓人們越來越難以接觸到自然，但一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)城市中的野生自然對人類健康和幸福感具有重要影響。研究團隊對一座大型城市公園的游客進行調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)與野生自然的互動可以創(chuàng)造出一種可用的語言，幫助人們認識和參與最令人滿意和有意義的活動。該研究呼吁保護城市中的野生自然?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbeinghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.(隨著城市的飛速發(fā)展，生活在城市地區(qū)的人們越來越難以接近大自然。如果你幸運的話，你住的地方附近可能會有一個袖珍公園，但在城市里找到相對天然的地方是罕見的)”可知，文章開頭作者講述了一種現(xiàn)象，在城市里，人們很難找到野生的自然。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.(他們調(diào)查了數(shù)百名公園游客，要求他們在網(wǎng)上提交一份書面總結(jié)，描述他們在公園里與大自然有意義的互動。然后，研究人員檢查了這些提交的信息，將體驗分為不同的類別)”可知，研究人員按照公園游客提交的在公園里與大自然互動的活動把游客分類，再根據(jù)第四段“Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.(在這320份提交的作品中，一種被研究人員稱為“自然語言”的分類模式開始出現(xiàn)。在對所有提交的內(nèi)容進行編碼后，有六個類別被認為對游客最重要)”可知，研究人員對參與者提交的內(nèi)容進行了分類，以便在游客的總結(jié)中找到模式，并確定對游客最重要的自然體驗。通過這樣做，他們能夠創(chuàng)造一種“自然語言”，幫助人們認識并參與對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動。選項D準確地反映了這一目的。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.(命名每一種自然體驗創(chuàng)造了一種可用的語言，這有助于人們認識并參與到對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動中。例如，沿著水邊散步的經(jīng)歷可能會讓一個年輕的專業(yè)人士在周末去公園徒步旅行時感到滿意。在工作日回到市中心，他們可以在午休時沿著噴泉散步，享受一種更居家的互動方式)”可知，本段講述了自然體驗創(chuàng)造一種可用的語言，有助于人們識別并參與對自己來說最滿意最有意義的活動，接下來以一個年輕的專業(yè)人士參與自然的方式舉例說明，去公園時沿著水邊散步讓他感到滿意，回到市中心工作時他可以通過沿著噴泉散步獲得滿足。因此推知，從第五段的例子中我們可以知道一樣的自然體驗可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehumannatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.(“我們正試圖創(chuàng)造一種語言，幫助將人類與自然的互動帶回我們的日常生活中。要做到這一點，我們還需要保護自然，這樣我們才能與它互動，”該研究的資深作者彼得·卡恩說。)”可推斷，彼得·卡恩認為在我們與大自然互動之前我們應(yīng)該先要保護自然。故選B?！军c睛】DRoughly42%ofAmericansarenearsightedtoday,paredto25%in1971.TheWHOpredictsthatabouthalfoftheworld’spopulationwillhavemyopia,ornearsightedness,by2050.It’sclearthatourvisionisbeingincreasinglyblurry.Onseeingthis,whileourfirstreactionistoblametheincreaseduseofscreens,expertsbelievetherealreasonisnotthat,exactly,butit’srelated:namelylesstimespentoutdoors.Exposuretonaturallightstimulatesdopamine(多巴胺),helpingregulatenormalgrowthanddevelopmentoftheeyeball.Indoorlightingdoesn’tdothetrick.Ideally,kidsshouldgetatleasttwohoursofnaturallightaday.Still,ourincreaseduseofscreensisaproblem.Mostscreensarehighcontrast—likeblacktextonawhitepage,orlighttextonadarkbackground.It’sstillatheory,butsomescientiststhinkthatthecontrastofreadingabookorlookingatabrightscreeninadarkroommightbeoverstimulatingourretinas(視網(wǎng)膜),causingmoreeyegrowthproblemsinchildren.A2018studyinScientificRecordsanalyzedtheretinalpathwayswhenlookingatblacktextonwhitebackgroundsparedtonaturalenvironments,andconcludedthecontrastcouldstimulatemyopia.Closework,likereadingandlookingcloselyatscreens,hasalsobeenshowntocausemyopia.Researchersareworkingonwaystoslowdownrisingmyopiarates.Arecentclinicaltrialfoundeyedropswithalowdoseofatropinecanslowmyopiainkids.There’salsosomeearlyevidencethatperipheraldefocuslenses(周邊離焦透鏡)mighthelpstopnearsightednessfromworsening.It’sstronglyremendedthatregulareyeexaminationsshouldbeamust,forpeoplewithmyopiaareatahigherriskofdevelopingeyeissuesastheyage,suchasglaua,earlycataractsandmaculardegeneration.Youcanalsoreduceeyepressurebymakingafewsimplelifestylechanges,suchasensuringthatyouarereadingorworkingingoodlight,andtakingfrequentbreaks,etc.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurry”inparagraph1mean?A.Unclear B.Normal C.Bright D.Important13.What’stherealreasonwhysomanypeoplearenearsighted?A.Dramaticallyincreaseduseofscreens. B.Lookingatscreensatashortdistance.C.Notenoughexposuretonaturallight. D.Nothavingenoughbreakswhenworking.14.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2018studyinScientificRecords?A.Tocallonreaderstoremovetheirincorrecteyehabits.B.Toprovetoreaderstheseriousnessofnearsightedness.C.Tosupportthelinkbetweenhighcontrastandmyopia.D.Toshowheiswellinformedoftheadvancesinthisfield.15What’sthemainstructureofthispassage?A.Questions—answers. B.Problem—reasons—solutions.C.Problem—changes—effects. D.Viewpoint—arguments—conclusion.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞近視問題展開，介紹了近視的現(xiàn)狀、可能的原因、以及預(yù)防和治療近視的方法?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Roughly42%ofAmericansarenearsightedtoday,paredto25%in1971.TheWHOpredictsthatabouthalfoftheworld’spopulationwillhavemyopia,ornearsightedness,by2050.(如今，大約42%的美國人患有近視，而1971年這一比例僅為25%。世界衛(wèi)生組織預(yù)測，到2050年，全球?qū)⒂幸话肴丝诨加薪暬蚪曆?”可知，全世界近視的問題越來越嚴重；由此可推測，劃線詞為“看不清”之意。選項A“unclear(不清晰的)”與此相符。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Onseeingthis,whileourfirstreactionistoblametheincreaseduseofscreens,expertsbelievetherealreasonisnotthat,exactly,butit’srelated:namelylesstimespentoutdoors.Exposuretonaturallightstimulatesdopamine(多巴胺),helpingregulatenormalgrowthanddevelopmentoftheeyeball.(看到這一情況，我們的第一反應(yīng)可能是歸咎于屏幕使用的增加，但專家認為，真正的原因并非完全如此，而是與之相關(guān)：即戶外活動時間減少。接觸自然光會刺激多巴胺的分泌，有助于調(diào)節(jié)眼球的正常生長和發(fā)。)”可知，專家認為近視的原因是戶外活動時間減少，接觸自然光不夠。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“A2018studyinScientificRecordsanalyzedtheretinalpathwayswhenlookingatblacktextonwhitebackgroundsparedtonaturalenvironments,andconcludedthecontrastcouldstimulatemyopia.Closework,likereadingandlookingcloselyatscreens,hasalsobeenshowntocausemyopia.(2018年，《科學記錄》雜志上的一項研究分析了在白色背景上看黑色文字與自然環(huán)境下觀看時視網(wǎng)膜路徑的差異，并得出結(jié)論，對比度可能會刺激近視的發(fā)展)”可知，作者提及這項研究是為了支持高對比度與近視之間的聯(lián)系。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章首先提出了近視這一問題，然后分析了近視的原因，包括近距離工作、屏幕使用的增加以及缺乏戶外活動等，最后給出了預(yù)防和治療近視的解決方案，如增加戶外活動時間、改善屏幕對比度和采取正確的生活習慣等。這一結(jié)構(gòu)符合“問題——原因——解決方案”的模式。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withoneandhalfyearsofseniorschooltogo,you’reprobablyexperiencingamixofemotions:excitementaboutwhatthefutureholds,andmaybeanxietyabouthowtohandletheingexams.Don’tworry!Hereareafewthingsthatwillhelpyougetthroughtherestofyourseniorschool.____16____Thismeanssettingupasystemthatworksforyoutokeeptrackofimportantdates,assignments,anddeadlines.Thiscanbeassimpleasusingaplanner.Inthisway,youcanstayontopofyourworkandavoidanylastminutehurry.Manageyourtimewisely.Learntobalanceyouracademictaskswithextracurricularandsocialactivities.____17____Forexample,youmightdedicateMondaystoThursdaystohomework,Fridaystoextracurricularactivities,andSaturdaystosportsandhangingoutwithfriends.Whateversystemyouchoose,justensureitworksforyouandhelpsyoustayontrack.Keepyourgradesup.Lettingyourgradesslipduringthesenioryearcanbeeasy.Toavoidthis,createastudyschedulethatallowsyoutofocusononesubjectatatime.Meanwhile,doaskforhelpfromyourteachersandparentsifyou’restrugglingwithaparticularconcept.____18____Setgoals,nottimelimits.Mostpeoplesettimelimitsontheirgoals,suchas“I’llfinishreviewingthisbookbyFriday!”orsomethinglikethat.____19____Sojustfocusonthegoal,notthetimeframe.Forexample,ratherthansayingyou’llfinishreviewingonebookbyFriday,focusonwhatyouneedtodotomakethathappen.Embraceyourpassionsandstartexploringpotentialcareers.Thinkaboutwhatsubjectsyouenjoymostandwhatcoursesyou’repassionateabout.Fromthere,researchpotentialcareersthatareinlinewithyourinterests.____20____Themoreyouknowaboutaparticularcareer,thebetterequippedyou’llbetodecideyourfuture.A.Giveback.B.Getorganized.C.Stepoutsideyourfortzoneandtrynewthings.D.Theyaretheretosupportyouandwantyoutosucceed.E.It’sagoodideatosetspecificdaysorhoursforeachtask.F.Andreachouttopeopleinthosefieldsforadviceandguidance.G.Puttingpressureonyourselftomeetthesedeadlinescanbestressful.【答案】16.B17.E18.D19.G20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了通過五個方面幫助高二的學生度過高中的剩余時光?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Thismeanssettingupasystemthatworksforyoutokeeptrackofimportantdates,assignments,anddeadlines.Thiscanbeassimpleasusingaplanner.Inthisway,youcanstayontopofyourworkandavoidanylastminutehurry.(這意味著你要建立一個系統(tǒng)來記錄重要的日期、任務(wù)和截止日期。這就像使用計劃表一樣簡單。這樣，你就能掌握你的工作，避免最后一分鐘的匆忙)”可知，本段的主旨是強調(diào)要有條理，有目標，故B選項“有條理”符號語境。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,youmightdedicateMondaystoThursdaystohomework,Fridaystoextracurricularactivities,andSaturdaystosportsandhangingoutwithfriends.(例如，你可以在周一到周四做作業(yè)，周五做課外活動，周六做運動和和朋友出去玩)”可知，后文的例子表明每天的活動都要有具體的安排，平衡好學習和課外、社交生活，明智的管理時間。E選項“為每項任務(wù)設(shè)定具體的日期或時間是個好主意”符合語境。故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Meanwhile,doaskforhelpfromyourteachersandparentsifyou’restrugglingwithaparticularconcept.(同時，如果你在某個概念上有困難，一定要向老師和父母尋求幫助)”可知，本句承接上文，說明老師和父母的作用。D選項中的they指的是yourteachersandparents，他們一直在那兒支持你并希望你成功。D選項“他們會支持你，希望你成功”符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Setgoals,nottimelimits.Mostpeoplesettimelimitsontheirgoals,suchas“I’llfinishreviewingthisbookbyFriday!”orsomethinglikethat.(設(shè)定目標，而不是時間限制。大多數(shù)人都為自己的目標設(shè)定了時間限制，比如“我要在周五之前完成這本書的復(fù)習！”諸如此類的話)”以及后文“Sojustfocusonthegoal,notthetimeframe.(所以只關(guān)注目標，而不是時間框架)”可知，本段主旨為段落首句，要設(shè)定目標而不是設(shè)定時間界限?？崭衽c其后一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，強調(diào)給自己施加壓力趕上截止日期是有壓力的。G選項“在截止日期前給自己施加壓力是有壓力的”符合語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Embraceyourpassionsandstartexploringpotentialcareers.Thinkaboutwhatsubjectsyouenjoymostandwhatcoursesyou’repassionateabout.Fromthere,researchpotentialcareersthatareinlinewithyourinterests.(擁抱你激情，開始探索潛在的職業(yè)。想想你最喜歡的科目和你最熱衷的課程。在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究符合你興趣的潛在職業(yè))”以及后文“Themoreyouknowaboutaparticularcareer,thebetterequippedyou’llbetodecideyourfuture.(你對某一職業(yè)了解得越多，你就越有能力決定自己的未來)”可知，本段主旨為段落首句，擁抱你的激情，開始探索潛在的職業(yè)，后文提到了了解某一職業(yè)，可知本句與了解職業(yè)領(lǐng)域有關(guān)，F(xiàn)選項中thosefields指的是空格前的potentialcareers。F選項“向這些領(lǐng)域的人尋求建議和指導”符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AsafirstgenerationAsianimmigrant(移民)whohadgrownupinpoverty,IknewIwasbeyond____21____tobeadmittedintoHarvard.Ilovedbooks,butitnevercrossedmymindtobeea(n)____22____ofanysort.Ididn’t____23____tohaveunrealisticdreams.Still,something____24____me.Mydeskmatehad____25____ourfriendshiprecently.Therewasn’tadramaticfightordisagreement.Hehad____26____movedontonewfriends.Ifeltanacheinmychestthat____27____night.Istarteddoodling(涂鴉)onmynotepadandthen,suddenly,myhandstartedwritingwords.I’dwrittenapoemabouthim.Thereonthepagewasthetruthabouthowmuchithurtto____28____him.Thattinypoemwasa____29____thatrootedinmyheart.IrealizedIcouldpossiblybeeawriterandfromthatmomenton,itwasallI_____30_____todo.SoIchangedmyfieldofstudytoEnglish.I_____31_____myfirstshortstorieswhileIwasstillastudent.Iwentontowritemyfirstnovel,GirlinTranslation,whichbecameaninternational_____32_____andistaughtinschoolsaroundtheworld.Thatnight,Ilearnedthatartisn’ta_____33_____.It’satthecoreofwhatmakesushuman.AlthoughI’dbelievedthatimmigrantscouldn’taffordtobe_____34_____,Iunderstoodthenthatwehadalwaysbeentheultimateartists,_____35_____ourselvesagainandagainaswetrytoadapttoanewlandscape.21.A.innocent B.fortunate C.dependent D.voluntary22.A.surgeon B.lawyer C.artist D.engineer23.A.expect B.regret C.agree D.refuse24.A.bothered B.inspired C.interested D.satisfied25.A.adaptedto B.shownoff C.brokenoff D.referredto26.A.unwillingly B.cautiously C.helplessly D.simply27.A.fancy B.peaceful C.happy D.lonely28.A.marry B.upset C.lose D.desert29.A.romance B.seed C.secret D.shadow30.A.hesitated B.resolved C.declined D.pretended31.A.bought B.borrowed C.priced D.published32.A.gap B.effort C.challenge D.bestseller33.A.necessity B.luxury C.game D.reality34.A.practical B.reliable C.energetic D.creative35.A.rescuing B.recreating C.recovering D.relaxing【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.D32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一位成長在貧困中的第一代華裔移民，一位朋友的離去讓他感到失落，他開始意識到自己對文學的興趣。最終，他決定改讀英文，成為一名作家，通過藝術(shù)來表達自己。這段經(jīng)歷讓他明白藝術(shù)不是奢侈品而是人類內(nèi)在的核心，移民也能擁有創(chuàng)造力?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為在貧困中長大的第一代亞洲移民，我知道能被哈佛大學錄取真是太幸運了。A.innocent無辜的；B.fortunate幸運的；C.dependent依賴的；D.voluntary志愿的。根據(jù)后文“tobeadmittedintoHarvard”可知，作者身為第一代亞洲移民，感到被哈佛大學錄取很幸運。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡書，但我從來沒有想過要成為任何一種藝術(shù)家。A.surgeon外科醫(yī)生；B.lawyer律師；C.artist藝術(shù)家；D.engineer工程師。根據(jù)上文“Ilovedbooks”可知與書籍最接近的是藝術(shù)家，也呼應(yīng)后文作者寫詩。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒期待有不切實際夢想。A.expect期待；B.regret后悔；C.agree同意；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)后文“tohaveunrealisticdreams”可知，作者認為從事藝術(shù)是自己沒有期待的夢想。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，有些事還是困擾著我。A.bothered煩惱；B.inspired鼓舞；C.interested使感興趣；D.satisfied滿足。根據(jù)后文可知作者和朋友關(guān)系破裂，被這件事困擾著。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的同桌最近斷絕了我們的友誼。A.adaptedto適應(yīng)于；B.shownoff炫耀；C.brokenoff斷裂；D.referredto參考。根據(jù)后文“movedontonewfriends”可知，同桌斷絕了和作者的友誼。故選C。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他“只是”轉(zhuǎn)向了新朋友。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.cautiously謹慎地；C.helplessly無助地；D.simply僅僅。根據(jù)后文“movedontonewfriends”以及上文“Therewasn’tadramaticfightordisagreement.(沒有激烈的爭吵或分歧)”可知，同桌“只是”轉(zhuǎn)向了新朋友。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個孤獨的夜晚，我感到胸口一陣疼痛。A.fancy時髦的；B.peaceful