2022-2023學(xué)年江西省南昌某中學(xué)高三（上）第四次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

2022.2023學(xué)年江西省南昌二中高三（上）第四次月考英語試卷

FunSummerBooksforGrades9-12

Yes,evensomehigh-schoolersappreciaterecommendationsforvacationbooks.Encourageyour

high-schoolchildtoreadwiththislistofapproachableteentitles.Orsurpriseyourteenwithoneofthese

bookswhenyoureachthebeachandboredomsetsin!

?BrownGirlDreaming,byJacquelineWoodson

ThiscollectionofsimplepoemsrevealswhatitwasliketogrowupasayoungAfricanAmericangirlin

the1960sandI970s.Woodson'sautobiographicalpoetryoverflowswithloveforherfamily.BrownGirl

Dreamingwonmultipleawards,soitmaybeassignedclassreadingincomingyears.

?TunnelVision,bySusanAdrian

Jakehasasecretskill.Whenheholdssomethingthatbelongstoanotherperson,hecanlocateihcm,

wherevertheyare.OncethegovernmentleamsofJake'spowers,itinsiststhatheusehisskilltofind

criminals.Inthisspynovel.Jakehastodecidejusthowfarhe'swillingtoriskhisownsafetyinorderto

protectandhelpothers.ltisaseriesofmoderngraphicnovelsthathavethelookofclassiccaroons.

?TheShadowHero,byGeneLuenYang

Canyourmomforceyoutobecomeasuperhero?That'swhatHankChufindsout.AChineseAmerican

(eenin1940,Hankisreluctanttostanduptothegangs(匪徒)inhisneighborhoodwhothreatenhis

family'sgrocerystore.Butas(hemaskedGreenTurtle,hemayjusthavetheconfidencetoprotecthis

familyandfightback.

?HalfMyFacebookFriendsAreFerrets*byJ.A.Buckle

Thingsaren'texactlypanningoutfor17-ycar-oldJosh.Hewantstobeaheavymetalguitarist.Andheand

hispalswishtheyhadgiilfriends.Butregularteenageobstacleslikebossyparentsandpoor

self-confidencehavebeenholdinghimback.

1.Whoisthetextintendedfor?

A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Teenagers.D.Vacationers.

2.Whichbookbestsuitspeoplewhoadorepicturebooks?

A.TunnelVision.

B.TheShadowHero.

C.BrownGirlDreaming.

D.HalfMyhaccbookFriendsArcherrets.

3.WhatdoBrownGirlDreamingandTheShadowHerohaveincommon?

A.Botharesetin(he1940s.B.Bothwonseveralawards.

C.Bothwillbetaughtatschools.D.Bothreflectcarefor(hefamily.

B

Nicoleisgrowingupeveryday.Astimepassesby,alongwiththenewskillsmasteredhascomeatalentfor

gettingintotrouble.Afterthefirstbirthdayshegetsmorecurious,fearlessandmobile,whilestillclueless

aboullliucuiiscquunccsofheractions.Soinclinicswhenyoutillerthewashingloom,you'llHudihuwhole

rolloftoiletpaperunrolledandlyingontheground.Sometimeswhenyouenterthestudyyoufindsheis

emptyingthecontentsofdrawersontothefloor.Onctimewhenshewastryingtopulladrawerout,itfell

offonthefloor.Immediately,sheburstintoabigcry.

Iunderstandbabiesdon'tknowrightfromwrong,andtheiractionscan'tbeconsiderednaughty,because

theylearnabouttheworldbyexperimenting,observingcauseandeffect.I'mnotgoingtostopher

explorationsmostofthetime,hutI'mworriedaboutthesafetyissueindeed.Before,Icoulddepositherin

asafespottokeepbothhomeandherfromharm；now,nosuchparadiseexists.Andforthefirsttime(he

questionofdisciplinehascometomymind.

Thereisnoquestionthatchildrenneeddiscipline.AccordingtoMagdaGerber,aninfantexpert,"Lackof

disciplineisnotkindness：itisneglect."Inhereyes?lovingourchildrendoesnotmeankeepingthem

happyallthetimeandavoidingpowerstiuggles.Oftenitisdoingwhatfeelshardest—sayingHNo"and

meaningit.

Forme,carryingouteffectivedisciplineisoneofthetoughesttasksofparenting,aseemingly

never-endingtestofwillsbetweenNicoleandme.Butthegood:hingisthat,althoughIcontinuetomeet

oppositionfromNicolewhenIstopherpotentiallydangerousactions,Ifindgraduallysheaccepts

limits.Nowshehasgottheideathattherc'rcthingsshecan'tplaywithandcan'tdo.Can'tplaywith

laptops.Can'ttouchelectricwires.Noteverythingintomouth.

"Waitingtointroducedisciplineintoachild'slifemuchlaterthantenmonthscouldmakethetaskmuch

moredifficult(WhattoExpecttheFirstYear,byHeidiMurkoff)Iamsogratefultohave(hisbook

onhand.Itmakesafirst-timemotheraqualifiedcaregiver.

4.InParagraph1*theauthorillustratesherideaby.

A.listingstatisticsB.givingexamples

C.makingcomparisonsD.explainingcauses

5.AccordingtoMagdaGerber,lovingourchildrenis.

A.doingthetoughestthingsforthem

B.avoidingmakingthemfeelpowerful

C.settinglimitsforthemwhennecessary

D.saying"No"tothemasoftenaspossible

6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Shelackedexperienceasanewmother.

B.ShethoughtiteasytodisciplineNicole.

C.ShesloppedNicole'sexplorationallthetime.

D.Shehesitatedaboutdiscipliningherdaughter.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsstory.B.Aresearchreport.

C.Apersonalessay.D.Apersuasiveletter.

c

Theentirecountrystruggledwiththeunprecedented（前所未有的）heatoftheJuly2022heatwave,

butforthedisabled,（heheathitevenharder.Theclimatecrisisisathreattoeveryone'shealth,but

accordingtoareportin2021,peoplewithdisabilitiesaremoretotheextremeweathereventsandnatural

disastersthatresultfromtheclimatecrisis.

ProfessorKristieEbioftheCentreforHealthandtheGlobalatrheUniversityofWashington,described

（hetopicofheatwavesanddisabledpeopleasbeinganimportantissue."Groupsalhigherriskduring

periodsofhightemperatureincludepeoplewithchronic（慢性的）medicalconditions,peoplewhotake

certainmedicationsthatcanreducetheabilityofthebodytosweat,andthedisabled",notesEbi,going

ontodescribeihedifferentthreatsthatheatwavesposefordifferenttypesofdisabililies.Ebinotesthe

difficultypeoplewithmobilityissuesorblindnessmayhavewithaccessingservices,suchascooling

shclters.Ebialsocommentsontheimportanceofmakingmessagingonthedangersofhightemperatures

accessibletothosewithlearningdisabilitiesortodeafpeople."Somestudiessuggesthigherratesof

suicideandothermentalhealthissuesduringheatwaves,requiringtargetedhelpforthosewithmental

disabilities,"sheadded.

AilsaSpeak,adisabilityandlifestyleblogger,experiencesuncontrollablemovementsintheheatdueto

hercerebralpalsy（腦癱）."Asyoucanimagine,whenmyinvoluntarymovementsincrease,Igeteven

hotter.Ii'sjustapainfulcirclereally."

Intheabsenceofaconcretesetofplansforpeoplewithdisabilitiesduringtheclimatecrisisandextreme

weatherevents,peoplewithdisabilitiescontinuetobeatincreasedriskofheat-relateddisease.

Topreventfuturedeathanddestruction,theClimateChangeCommitteeCCC）,anindependent

organizationhandlingclimatechange,advocatesforadaptationplanning,asthetemperatureissettorise

furtherdue（otheclimatecrisisandglobalwarming.TheCCC's2022reportonthehealthrisksof

overheatingoffersadaptationoptionstothegovernmenttoensurethatbuildingsarcfitforfutureclimate

change.Neverlheless?thepublicationdoesnotofferspecificadviceaboutpeoplewithdisabilitiesand

overheating,whichthusremainstobediscussedimmediatelyandthoroughly.

8.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"vulnerable"inParagraph1possiblymean?

A.DefensiveB.AdaptableC.ExperiencedD.Delicate

9.WhichofthefollowingwouldProfessorEbimostprobablyagreewith?

A.Heatwavesmakepeoplewithchronicdiseasessuffermost.

B.Thementallydisabledhavenoaccesstocoolingshelter.

C.Somedisabledpeopleareill-informedabouttherisksofheatwaves.

D.Mobilitydisabilitycontributestohigherriskofsuicideintheheatwaves.

10.WhydoestheauthormenlionAilsaSpeak?

A.Toshareadisabledbloggefspainfullife.

B.Toshowwhataterriblediseasecerebralpalsyis.

C.Toprovethenever-before-seenhighsintemperature.

D.Toillustratethetroublethedisabledhaveintheheal.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A.Tostresstheurgentneedtocareforthedisabledintheheat.

B.Tosuggestmethodsofhelpingthedisabledinheatwaves.

C.TotellreadershowseveretheJuly2022heatwavewas.

D.Tointroduceadaptationalternativesforfuturebuildings.

D

Someday,shadowsandlightcouldteamuptoprovidepower.Anewdeviceusesthecontrast（差異）

betweenbrightspotsandshadetocreateanelectriccurrenl.Thatcurrentcanpowersmallelectronics,such

asawatchorLEDlights.

SweeChingTanandhisteamcalltheirnewdeviceashadow-effectenergygenerator.Theymadeitby

coatingsilicon（硅）withathinlayerofgold.Siliconisoftenusedinsolarcellsthatproduceelectricity

fromsunlight.

AsinasolarcelLlightshiningonthisgeneratorenergizeselectrons（電子）inthesilicon.Thoseelectrons

（henjumpintothegold.Thedifferenceinlightlevelscreatesanelectriccurrenl.Sendingelectronsmakesa

flowofcurrentthatcanpowersmallelectronics.

Tan'steamdescribed（henewdeviceinEnergy&EnvironmentalScience.Eachdevicemeasures4cmlong

and2cmwide.Thatmakesitsareaslightlylargerthanastamp.Inlowlight,eightgeneratorspoweran

electronicwatch.Thcscdevicescanalsoserveassclf-powcrcdmotionsensors（傳感器）.Forinstance,

whenatoycarpassedby,itsshadowfellonagenerator.ThatcreatedenoughelectricitytolightanLED.

Theteamcompareditsgeneratorstocommercialsolarcellsthataretypicallyusedunderfullsunlight.With

halfofeachdeviceinshadow,(hegeneratorsproducedroughlytwiceasmuchpowerpersurfaceareaas

thesolarcells."Butitwouldbebettertocomparethemtosolarcellsmeanttoworkinlowlight,suchas

thesiliconsolarcellsinclassroomcalculators.Thcscarcdesignedtouseindoorlight,"saidEmilyWarren,

achemicalengineerattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.Warrenalsowouldliketoseetheteam

measurethepowerthedevicesmakeoveralongertime,suchasawholeday.

Increasinghowmuchlightthegeneratorscanabsorbwouldallowthemtomakebetteruseofshadows.So

theteamisworkingtoimprovethedevice'sperformancewithstrategicsthatsolarcellsusetogatherlight.

12.WhatistheouterlayerofTan'senergygenerator?

A.Gold.B.Silicon.C.Asolarcell.D.AnLEDlight.

13.WhatwasEmilyWarren'sattitudetowardTan'snewdevice?

A.DoubtfulB.ObjectiveC.ConservativeD.Expectant

14.Whichaspectofthedeviceistheteamworkingonatpresent?

A.Itsbetteruseofsolarcells.

B.Itsmeansoflocatingshadows.

C.Itsefficiencyinlightabsorbing.

D.Itsapplicationtothehouseholds.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RenewableEnergyUsageontheRise.

B.ShadowEffectCanProduceElectricity.

C.ANewDevicetoHancstSolarEnergy.

D.ShadowEnergyMayReplaceSolarEnergy.

Ididn'tjustreadabookinprint,onanc-rcadcrorevenonamobilephone.Instead,Ireadabookondozens

ofdevices.Iwasnot(ryingtosetaGuinnessWorldRecord.IwantedtoansweraquestionIoftenhear：_

⑴？SoIsetouttotrythemall,readingachapteroneach：theAmazonKindle,thefirstandsecond

generationAppleiPadsandmobilephoncs.Tobefair,1alsoreadachapterinthatold-fashionedform—a

printbook.

ThebookIchosewasTheAlienist.Forthefirstchapter,IturnedtoanAmazonKindle.(2).Thekindleis

light.Itssix-inchscreenistheperfectsizeforreading,andreadingonitsblack-and-white-E-Inkdisplay

doesn'tharmyoureyes.⑶，andonaverageyouchargethedeviceonlyonceamonth.Myonlycomplaint

withtheKindledesignwastheplacementofthekeyboardatthebottomofthedevice.

Despitethesmallscreenonamobilephone,Ifoundreadingononetobesimpleandsatisfactory.(4)>

butallofthephonesonwhichIreadchaptersfeltsomewhatsimilar.

IfIhadwantedto,Icouldhaveboughtmybookthroughdozensofe-bookappsintheAppleApp

Store.Mostarefreeandofferaccesstothousandsoffreee-booksorpaidversions.BothiPads1&2offeran

iuniicisivc(身臨其境的)icadiugcxpciicncc.I(bundmyselfjumpingbackandfuithbetweenmybookand

theweb,lookingupoldfactsandpicturesofNewYorkCity.(5).

Forthelastchaptersofthebook,Ireadtheprintone,whichisstillmyfavoritechoice.

SincewearecomparingdevicesSoIguessIneedtochooseone.Intheenditmightcomedownio

Kindle.Butifmoneyistight,goforprint.Myusedprintbookcostonly$4fromAmazon.

A.Batterylifeisoutstanding

B.Shouldstudentsmakeuseofthedevicestoread

C.ShoppingonAmazonfortheKindleissimple

D.Whiche-readeristhebestfcrreadingbooks

E.Nowonderalotofreadersalsospeakhighlyofit

F.ReadingontheAmazonKindleisajoyinmanyaspects

G.Thcbrightnessandsizeofthemobilephone,screendidvary

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.C

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

MyhusbandandIstoodtheretogether,(21)thelovelytableandchairs.Theywerehigh-qualitypieces

offurniture.

"They'reantiques>familyheirlooms(傳家寶)，"ourhoststoldus.Bothhusbandandwifesmiledwith

satisfactionandobvious(22)forthesetreasures.Theyinvitedustositandenjoyamealinthisinviting

roomfulloffragilethings.

Themealwasserved,and\ve(23)andgrewcomfortable.Soonmyhusbandgrewalittletoocomfortable,

andwithout(24),gotintoabadhabit.Heleaned(倚靠)backinhischair,(25)enoughtoliftthefront

legsoffthefloor,,?

Ohno.HaveImentionedmyhusbandisaparticularly(26)nian?He'salottoputinachair.Itmade

aterriblesoundandevenworse(27)一(hatbeautifulantiquechairwas(28)anduseless.

MyhusbandandIboth(29)sincerely.Ourkindhostswereobviouslyverysad.Butthey(30)theywould

havenoproblemrepairingthedamage.Thentheyactuallypulledanotheroftheantiquechairsand

(31)mvhusbandtositinit.

I'mgladtoreportnomorechairswere(32).Butonewasmorethanenough,andtoourhoststhatchair

(33)somuchmorethanaplacetosit.Yetforthem(34)tookpriority(優(yōu)先權(quán))overthepriceless

chair.Theychosepeopleover(35),hospitality(好客)oversomethingtheyioved.

Sometimeswehavetomakethatkindof(36).Thefactis,otherpeopledon'talwaysvaluewhatwevalue

(37)wevalueit.Theydon*talwaysactcarefully.Sometimestheycostus.Ifwevaluepeople*we'd

betterhold(38)toourtreasuresandbereadytoloveothers,(39)itcostsussomethingwclove.

Afterall,peoplecan'tbe(40)either.

21.A.examiningB.explainingC.appreciatingD.observing

22.A.affectionB.feelingC.senseD.eagerness

23.A.gaveinB.settledinC.putinD.filledin

24.A.queslioningB.opposingC.complainingD.thinking

25.A.longB.shortC.farD.near

26.A.smallB.largeC.considerateD.selfless

27.A.dilemmaB.markC.sightD.momem

28.A.lostB.spoiledC.hurtD.broken

29.A.thankedB.admiredC.apologizedD.forgave

30.A.insistedB.persuadedC.hesitatedD.considered

31.A.forcedB.invitedC.allowedD.demanded

32.A.placedB.neededC.guardedD.harmed

33.A.showedB.leftC.representedD.provided

34.A.carefulnessB.spiritC.kindnessD.value

35.A.possessionsB.resourcesC.moneyD.situations

36.A.planB.arrangementC.judgmentD.choice

37.A.sinceB.unlessC.asD.when

38.A.looselyB.lightlyC.generallyD.generously

39.A.whileB.becauseC.asifD.evenif

40.A.controlledB.replacedC.chosenD.blamed

41.Whennewlyadmittedcollegestudentsreceive⑴(tliey)letterofadmissionthissummer,

theymaygetmorethanjustanordinaryletter.

GaoFanqiao>ahighschoolgraduatefromShenyang,waslookingforwardtoheradmissionletter

fromNankaiUniversity.ltarrived(2)twolotusseeds.Thespecialmeaningis(3)theplants,which

describenoblequalitiesinChineseart?arcusedtosymbolizetheschool*sdesirethatstudentskeep

theiroriginaldreamandmarch(4)(ambitious)towardabrightfuture.

Manydomesticuniversities⑸(join)thetrendofsendingfancysurprisesandfabulousadmission

packagesinrecentyearstogivestudents(6)amazingfirstimpression.

SunYat-senUniversityinGuangdongsentoutgiftboxescontaininganadmissionletterandPu'er

tea⑺(produce)inFengqingcountyinsouthwesternYunnanprovince.ltishopedthat(he

freshmenwillalwayskeepinmindthatthey(8)(suppose)tomakecontributionstoplaces(9)they

areneededmostin(hefuture.

OtherinnovationsfromschoolsincludepapercutstoshowthechannofChineseculture,and

messagestostimulatestudents'(10)(enthusiastic).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

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(10)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。

文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及?個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：(1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞：

(2)只允許修改10處，多者(從第II處起)不計(jì)分，

TodayIwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIwitnessedterribleaccidenthappened.Amanrodea

motorcycleveryquicklythathefelloffitwhenturnedaroundthecorner.Boththemotorcycleand(he

manwererolledover.Luckily,itdidn'thurteveryoneontheroadside.

Themanwasconsciousandwasbleedingbadlyatthattime.Iwasworriedandcalled120atonce.In

thesametime?Idecidedlogivehimfirstaidatoncebeforethedoctorcame.Imanagedtostarttohis

brcathc.Finally,theambulancecamebuthewastakentohospital.

Thefamilyofthedriverpraisedmeformyhelp.IwasproudofthatIdidforthedriver.

(1)

(2)

43.你校英文報(bào)正在舉行征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷，以"Howtomanageourtime”為題寫一

篇作文，內(nèi)容包括：

(I)時(shí)間管理的意義；(2)時(shí)間管理的具體做法。

注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；

（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】B、A、D

［解析］（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段Encourageyourhigh-schoolchildtoreadwiththislistof

approachableteentitles.Orsurpriseyourteenwithoneofthesebookswhenyoureachthebeachand

boredomsetsin!（鼓勵(lì)你高中的孩子閱讀下面這些平易近人的青少年讀物?；蛘弋?dāng)你到達(dá)海灘，

無聊的時(shí)候，用這些書給你的孩子一個(gè)驚喜!）可知這篇文本是寫給父母的。故選

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?TunnelVision,bySusanAdrian的介紹Itisaseriesofmodemgraphicnovels

thathavethelookofclassiccartoons.（這是一系列具有經(jīng)典動(dòng)畫片外觀的現(xiàn)代漫畫小說。）川知

TunnelVision最適合喜歡繪本的人。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)?BrownGirlDreaming,byJacquelineWoodson介紹的Thiscollectionof

simplepoemsrevealswhatitwasliketogrowupasayoungAfricanAmericangirlinthe1960sand1970s.

（這本簡(jiǎn)單的詩集揭示了在上世紀(jì)六七十年代，一個(gè)年輕的非裔美國女孩是如何成長(zhǎng)的。）可知

A選項(xiàng)”兩者都設(shè)定在20世紀(jì)40年代”錯(cuò)誤；.TheShadowHero,byGeneLuenYang沒有提到獲

獎(jiǎng)的信息，所以B選項(xiàng)”兩個(gè)都獲得了好幾個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)”是錯(cuò)誤的；根據(jù)?BrownGiHDreaming,

byJacquelineWoodson介紹的BrownG汨Dreamingwonmultipleawards,

soitmaybeassignedclassreadingincomingyears.（BrownGirlDreaming獲得（多個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，所以它

可能在未來幾年被指定為課堂讀物。）但是TheShadowHero沒有提到在學(xué)校會(huì)讀，所以C選項(xiàng)"

兩者都將在學(xué)校教授"是錯(cuò)誤的；根據(jù)?BrownGirlDreaming,byJacquelineWoodson介紹的

Woodson'sautobiographicalpoetryoverflowswithloveforherfamily.（Woodson的自傳體詩歌充滿了

對(duì)家庭的愛。）以及TheShadowHero也提到了

hemayjusthavetheconfidencetoprotecthisfamilyandfightback.（他可能只是有信心保護(hù)他的家人

并進(jìn)行反擊。）可知BrownGirlDreaming和TheShadowHero兩本書的共同點(diǎn)是兩者都體現(xiàn)了對(duì)

家庭的關(guān)懷。故選D。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要向青少年的父母介紹了幾本書。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有

標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)

的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，

才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

4?7.【答案】B、C、A、C

【解析】（I）寫作手法題。根據(jù)原文第一段Sometimeswhenyouenterthewashingroom,

you'llfindthewholerolloftoiletpaperunrolledandlyingontheground.Sometimeswhenyouenterthe

studyyoufindsheisemptyingthecontentsofdrawersonto（hefloor.Onetimewhenshewastryingtop

ulladrawerout,itfelloffonthefloor.Immcdiatcly,sheburstintoabigcry.（有時(shí)，當(dāng)你走進(jìn)洗手間,

你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一整卷衛(wèi)生紙攤開躺在地上。有時(shí)當(dāng)你走進(jìn)書房，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)她正在把抽屜里的東西倒在

地板上。有一次她想把抽屜拉出來，抽屜掉到地上了。她立刻放聲大哭起來。）可知在第一段中，

作者舉例說明了她的想法。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段Inhereyes,

lovingourchildrendoesnotmeankeepingthemhappyallthetimeandavoidingpowerstruggles.Ofteni

tisdoingwhatfeelshardest■—saying"No"andmeaningit.（在她眼里，愛我們的孩子并不意味著讓他

們一直快樂，避免權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng)。通常是做感覺最艱難的事一說"不"，并認(rèn)真地說。）可知根據(jù)瑪格

達(dá)?格貝爾（MagdaGerber）的說法，愛我們的孩子就是在必要時(shí)為他們?cè)O(shè)定限制。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段Forme,

carryingouteffectivedisciplineisoneofthetoughesttasksofparenting,

aseeminglynever-endingtestofwillsbetweenNicoleandme.（對(duì)我來說，實(shí)施有效的管教是為人父

母最艱難的任務(wù)之一，這似乎是我和妮可之間永不停息的意志考驗(yàn)。）可知B選項(xiàng)”她認(rèn)為管教妮

可很容易”是錯(cuò)誤的;根據(jù)第二段I'mnotgoingtostopherexplorationsmostofthetime,

butI'mworriedaboutihesafelyissueindeed.（大多數(shù)時(shí)候我不會(huì)阻止她的探索，但我確實(shí)擔(dān)心安全

問題。）可知C選項(xiàng)"她一宜.阻止妮可的探索"是錯(cuò)誤的；根據(jù)第三段Thereisnoquestionthatchildren

needdiscipline.（亳無疑問，孩子們需要管教。）可知D選項(xiàng)”她對(duì)管教女兒猶豫不決”是錯(cuò)誤的，

根據(jù)最后一段Itmakesafirst-timemotheraqualifiedcaregiver.（它使第一次做母親的人成為合格的

照顧者。）可知作者缺乏當(dāng)新媽媽的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A。

（4）文章題材題。本文是作者講述了自己規(guī)范孩子的實(shí)踐過程和心得體會(huì)，可知這篇文章是?篇

個(gè)人隨筆。故選C。

這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者自己規(guī)范孩子的實(shí)踐過程和心得體會(huì)。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有

標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀母篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)

的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，

才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

8?11.【答案】D、C^D、A

［解析］（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Theclimatecrisisisathreattoeveryone'shealth?

butaccordingtoareportin2021,

peoplewithdisabilitiesaremore___totheextremeweathereventsandnaturaldisastersthatresultfro

mtheclimalecrisis.（氣候危機(jī)對(duì)每個(gè)人的健康都構(gòu)成威脅，但根據(jù)2021年的一份報(bào)告，殘疾人更

容易受到氣候危機(jī)導(dǎo)致的極端天氣事件和自然災(zāi)害的影響。）可知，劃線部分的詞vulnerable意

為“容易受到影響的，脆弱的"。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.Defensive防御的；B.Adaptable能適應(yīng)的；C.Experienced

有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；D.Delicale脆弱的。分析可知，D項(xiàng)符合語義。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后?句

"Somestudiessuggesthigherratesofsuicideandothermentalhealthissuesduringheatwaves,

requiringtargetedhelpforthosewithmentaldisabilities,"sheadded.（她補(bǔ)充說：”一些研究表明，

熱浪期間自殺率和其他心理健康問題的發(fā)生率更高，需要對(duì)有精神障礙的殘疾人提供有針對(duì)性的

幫助。"）可知，Ebi教授最有可能認(rèn)同：一些殘疾人對(duì)熱浪的危害知之甚少。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段AilsaSpeak,adisabilityandlifestyleblogger,

experiencesuncontrollablemovementsintheheatduetohercerebralpalsy（腦

癱）."Asyoucanimagine?whenmyinvoluntarymovementsincrease,

Igetevenhotter.It'sjustapainfulcirclereally."（AilsaSpeak是一位殘疾和生活方式博主,由于腦癱,

她在高溫下會(huì)無法控制自己的動(dòng)作?！澳憧梢韵胂?，當(dāng)我的無意識(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)增加時(shí)，我變得更熱。這真

的是一個(gè)痛苦的循環(huán)。”）可知，作者提到AilsaSpeak是為了說明殘疾人在熱浪中面臨的困境。

故選D。

（4）目的意圖題。根據(jù)全文,結(jié)合第一段Theentirecountrystruggledwiththeunprecedented（前

所未有的）heatoftheJuly2022heatwave,butforthedisabled,

theheathitevenharder.Theclimatecrisisisathreattoeveryone'shealth,

butaccordingtoareportin2021,

peoplewithdisabilitiesarcmore___totheextremeweathereventsandnaturaldisastersthatresultfro

mtheclimalecrisis.（2022年7月，全國都在經(jīng)歷前所未有的高溫，但對(duì)殘疾人來說,熱浪的打擊

更大。氣候危機(jī)對(duì)每個(gè)人的健康都構(gòu)成威脅，但根據(jù)2021年的一份報(bào)告，殘疾人更容易受到氣候

危機(jī)導(dǎo)致的極端天氣事件和自然災(zāi)害的影響。）可知，本文主要講述了在極端氣候的條件下，殘

疾人更脆弱，更容易受到影響，所以迫切需要在炎熱的天氣里照顧殘疾人。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，

A.Tostresstheurgentneedtocareforthedisabledin（heheat.強(qiáng)調(diào)在高溫下照顧殘疾人的迫切需要；

B.Tosuggestmethodsofhelpingthedisabledinheatwaves.建議在熱浪中幫助殘疾人的方法：

C.TotellreadershowseveretheJuly2022heatwavewas.告訴讀者2022年7月的熱浪有多嚴(yán)重；

D.Tointroduceadaptationalternativesforfuturebuildings.為未來建筑引入適應(yīng)性替代方案。分析可

知，A項(xiàng)是這篇文章的寫作目的。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了在極端氣候的條件卜殘疾人更脆弱，更容易受到影響，迫

切需要在炎熱的天氣里照顧殘疾人。

做閱讀時(shí)首先要通讀全文，理解文章大意，然后帶著問題到原文中找信息句，仔細(xì)研究問題和跟

問題有關(guān)的句子，琢磨其意思，選出正確答案。

12?15.【答案】A、D、C、B

【解析】（I）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Theymadeitbycoatingsilicon

（硅）withathinlayerofgold.（他們通過在硅上鍍一層薄薄的金來制造它。）可知，該設(shè)備的外

層是一層黃金。故選Ao

（2）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段中的

Warrenalsowouldliketoseetheteammeasurethepowerthedevicesmakeoveralongertime,

suchasawholeday.（Warren還希望看到團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)量設(shè)備在更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的功率，例如一整天。）

可知，EmilyWarren在關(guān)注這一設(shè)備的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用。因此可以推知，她對(duì)Tan的設(shè)備滿懷期待。

結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Doublful懷疑的；B.Objectve客觀的；C.Conservative保守的；D.Expeclanl期待的。故

選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的

Increasinghowmuchlightthegeneratorscanabsorbwouldallowthemtomakebetteruseofshadows.S

otheteamisworkingtoimprovethedevice'sperformancewithstrategiesthatsolarcellsusetogatherli

ghl.（增加發(fā)電機(jī)可以吸收的光量可