大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用(閱讀)模擬試卷119(題后含答案及解析)

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷119（題后含答案及解析）

題型有：4.ReadingComprehension

PartIIIReadingComprehension

SectionC

TheorganizationbehindtheLawSchoolAdmissionTestreportedthatthe

numberoftestsitadministeredthisyeardroppedbymorethan16percent,thelargest

declineinmorethanadecade.Thedeclinereflectsaspreadingviewthatthelegal

marketintheUnitedStatesisinterribleshapeandwillhaveahardtimeabsorbingthe

roughly45,000studentswhoareexpectedtograduatefromlawschoolineachofthe

nextthreeyears.Manylawyersandlawprofessorshavearguedinrecentyears

thatthelegalmarketwilleitherstopdevelopingorshrinkastechnologyallowsmore

low-endlegalworktobehandledoverseas,andascorporationsdemandmore

cost-efficientfeearrangementsfromtheirfirms.Thatargument,andnewsthatso

manynewlawyersarestrugglingwithimmensedebt,ischangingthewaylawschool

isperceivedbyundergrads.Wordisgettingthroughthatlawschoolisnolongerasafe

placetositoutaneconomicrecession一anarticleoffaithforyears一andthatstrong

gradesatanabove-averageschoolnolongerguaranteesasix-figurelawfirmjob.

“Foralongtimetherehasbeenthisculturallyembeddedperceptionthatifyougoto

lawschool,itwillbeworththemoney,“saidKyleMcEnteeofLawSchool

Transparency."Theideathatlawschoolisaneasytickettofinancialsecurityis

finallybreakingdown."Lawschoolshavealsosufferedthroughsomecritical

pressinthelastcoupleofyears.Someblogs,mostofthemwrittenbyunemployedor

underemployedgraduates,haveaccusedlawschoolsoftemptingstudentswith

questionabledata.Attentionhasfocusedonacrucialstatistic:thepercentageof

graduateswhoareemployedninemonthsaftergraduation.Inrecentmonths,

class-actionlawsuitshavebeenfiledagainstmorethanadozenlawschools,charging

thatstudentsweredeceivedintoenrollingbypostgraduateemploymentfiguresthat

werevastly,andfalsely,inflated（夸張的）.Eveniflawschoolsareabletodefeatthese

lawsuits——andmanylegalscholarsanticipatetheywill—themediaattentionhasbeen

bruising.Forsomelawschools,thegraduallydiminishingnumberoftest-takers

representsaseriouslong-termchallenge."WhatI'danticipateisthatyou'llsee

thebiggestfalloffinapplicationsinthebottomendofthelawschoolfoodchain,“

saidAndrewMorrissoftheUniversityofAlabamaSchoolofLaw."Thoseschools

aregoingtohavesignificantdifficultybecausetheyaredependentontuitiontofund

themselvesandthey'lleitherhavetocutclasssizetomaintainstandards,oraccept

studentswithlowerlevels.MIftheytakethesecondcourse,Mr.Morrisssaid,it

wouldhurttheschoolthreeyearslaterbecausethereisastrongcorrelationbetween

poorperformanceontheLSATandpoorperformanceonthebarexam.Ifstudents

startfailingthebar,thentheprestigeoftheschoolwilldrop,whichwouldmean

loweringstandardsevenmore."Atthatpoint,"Mr.Morrisssaid,“theschoolisrisking

adeathspiral.

1.Thedeclineoftest-takersintheLawSchoolAdmissionTestsreflectsthat

A.thetestsbecomemoredifficult

B.thetestfeeisincreased

C.thetotalnumberofcollegestudentsdrops

D.it'sdifficultforlawschoolgraduatestofindjobs

正確答案：D

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞decline和reflects定位到第二段。D)“法學(xué)院的畢業(yè)生

很難找到工作”與第二段中提到的“該就業(yè)市場(chǎng)將難以容納這些畢業(yè)生”文意相

符，因此為正確答案。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

2.Thereasonforthelegalmarketshrinkageisthat.

A.thetechnologydevelopstoofast

B.moresimplelegalworkisdealtwithabroad

C.companiesbecomemoreefficient

D.companiescutdownthefeearrangements

正確答案:B

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞legalmarketshrinkage定位到第三段。B)”更多簡(jiǎn)單的

法律工作在海外完成”與第三段中提到的“因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)允許更多的低端法律工作在

海外進(jìn)行處理”陳述相符，因此為正確答案。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

3.Whatdidtheundergradesthinkaboutthelawschoolinthepast?

A.Lawschoolwasnotattractivetostudentsanymore.

B.Studentsgraduatedfromlawschoolwouldhaveheavydebts.

C.Graduatesoflawschoolcouldfindajobevenintherecession.

D.Lawschoolmeantagoodjobinthelawfirmwithhighsalary.

正確答案：C

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞undergrades和inthepast定位到第四段第二句。由該句

可知，法學(xué)院不再是躲避經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的避難所，因此C)“法律學(xué)院的畢業(yè)生甚至

在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期都能找到工作”與定位句陳述一致，故為正確答案。知識(shí)模塊：

篇章閱讀

4.What'stheeffectoftest-takers5redactionontheworstlawschools?

A.Somelawschoolteacherswilllosetheirjobs.

B.Theywillhavefinancialproblems.

C.Theclasshourswillbeshortened.

D.Theywillhavetorecruityoungerstudents.

正確答案：B

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵訶test-takers,reduction和theworstlawschools定位到第

九段第一、二句。由該兩句可知，這些學(xué)校將面臨重大困難，因?yàn)樗鼈內(nèi)绻揽?/p>

學(xué)費(fèi)給自己提供資金的話需要做出一些犧牲，因此B)“它們將會(huì)面臨財(cái)政困難”

與定位句陳述一致，因此為正確答案。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

5.What'sAndrewMorriss'sattitudetowardsthesecondsolutionoftheworst

lawschools?

A.Negative.

B.Neutral.

C.Uninterested.

D.Supportive.

正確答案：A

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞AndrewMorriss's和thesecondsolution定位到最后一段

第一句。根據(jù)定位句可知，莫里斯先生對(duì)表現(xiàn)差的法學(xué)院選擇走第二條路的態(tài)度

是否定的，因此A)為正確答案。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

Thefinancialclimateforcharitiesisworsening,withmorethanhalfhitby

theeconomicdownturn,asurveyrevealstoday.Overhalfofthoseaffectedreporta

declineinincometriggeredbytherecessionatatimewhenonefifthofcharitiesare

seeinganincreaseindemandfortheirservices.DespitethesuccessofComicRelief,

whichraised￡60mforanti-povertycharityprojectslastweekend,theoverall

financialpictureforthevoluntarysectorisgloomierthanitwassixmonthsago,says

theCharityCommissionreport.DameSuziLeather,theChairwomanofthe

CharityCommission,said,“Clearlytheimpactofthefinancialdownturnoncharities

iswideninganddeepening.Somecharitiesstillfacethatdoublechancesofadropin

incomeaswellasanincreaseddemandforservices.Theresearchtellsusthatthe

numberofcharitiestakingstepstoreducetherisksthatthefinancialdownturnbrings

hasrisensincewcconductedourfirstresearch.However,notallcharitiesarcputting

measuresinplacetoprotecttheirworkandtheirfunds.Itisverysurprisingthatmore

charitiesarenotconsideringcollaborationwithothers,asthiscanhelpthemshare

expertiseandcosts.InSeptemberthecommissionfoundthat38%ofcharities

hadbeenaffectedbythedownturn,with16%describingtheimpacthadbeen”very

significantor“significant”.Thelatestreportshowsthoseproportionshaveincreased,

to58%and25%respectively.Biggercharities——thosewithanannualincomeofmore

than￡Im-werelesslikelytohavebeenhitbyincomereductions.Butalmost

two-thirdsofthatgroupwereconcernedthatthedownturnwouldaffecttheirworkin

future.Thecommissionsurveyedarandomsampleof1,000charitiesofvarying

sizesinEnglandandWalesduringJanuaryandFebruary.Itfoundthecollapseinthe

valueofstocksandshares一formanycharitiesthesinglemostimportantsourceof

income-hasimpactedhardonthesector,whichisalsohurtingfromafall-offin

corporatedonationsandprivatelegacies.Charitiesthatdeliveredservices

overseasreportedtheyhadbeenbadlyaffectedbythefallinthevalueofsterling.The

surveysuggeststhereislittlesignthatcharitiesoverallarepreparingtomakebig

cutbacks（削減）injobsorcapitalinvestments.Onlyatinyproponionofthose

surveyedsaidtheywerefacingproblemsmeetingpensioncommitments.

6.Accordingtothepassage,theproportionofcharitiessufferedfromincome

reductionis.

A.morethanhalfofallthecharities

B.onefifthofallthecharities

C.morethanhalfofcharitiesaffectedbytherecession

D.onefifthofcharitiesaffectedbytherecession

正確答案：C

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞incomereduction定位到第一段第二句，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條,

這些受經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑影響的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)一半以上收入下降；與此同時(shí)，有五分之一的慈

善機(jī)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)了服務(wù)需求增加的現(xiàn)象。因此選C）。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthebestsolutiontofightingfinancial

downturnforcharitiesis.

A.toraisemoneyfromcorporation

B.tocooperatewithothercharities

C.toreducethenumberofemployees

D.toincreasetheirdemandforservice

正確答案：B

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞fightingfinancialdownturn定位到第二段最后一句可知,

越來(lái)越多的慈善部門不考慮和別人合作，雖然這會(huì)幫助他們共享技能和成本。所

以通過(guò)與其他慈善組織合作可以幫助自己度過(guò)由經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)帶來(lái)的不利影響。B）

中的cooperate和原文中的collaboration同義，因此正確。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbiggercharitiesisTRUE?

A.Biggercharitiesarethosewithanannualincomeofmorethan$1million.

B.Biggercharitiesaremorelikelytobeaffectedbyincomereductions.

C.Mostofbiggercharitiesareconcernedabouttheirworkinfuture.

D.Manybiggercharitiesarelikelytohavetheiremployeesincomeincreased.

正確答案：C

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞biggercharities定位到第三段第三、四句可知，那些年

收人在10（）萬(wàn)英鎊以上的大一點(diǎn)兒的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)不太可能受到收入下降的打擊。但

是幾乎三分之二的較大慈善機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)心經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑將會(huì)影響到他們未來(lái)的工作，因此

C）正確。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

9.Themostimportantsourceofincomeformanycharitiesisfrom.

A.stocksandshares

B.corporatedonations

C.privatelegacies

D.overseasservice

正確答案：A

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞mostimportantsourceofincomeformanycharities定位

到第四段可知，股票和債券是很多慈善組織的最重要收入來(lái)源，因此A）正確。知

識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

10.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A.charitiesarepreparingtoreducetheirjobsandcapitalinvestments

B.itislesslikelyforcharitiestoreducetheirjobsandcapitalinvestments

C.manycharitiesarefacingproblemssuchaspayingpensions

D.charitiesarepreparingtoexpandtheirdemandforserviceoverseas

正確答案：B

解析：由最后一段第二句可知，調(diào)查報(bào)告暗示幾乎沒(méi)有跡象表明慈善機(jī)構(gòu)整

體來(lái)說(shuō)正在準(zhǔn)備大幅削減工作崗位或投資。B）是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容的概述，故正確。知

識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

MasstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicfabricoftheAmerican

cityinthreefundamentalways.Itcatalyzedphysicalexpansion,itsortedoutpeople

andlanduses,anditacceleratedtheinherentinstabilityofurbanlife.Byopeningvast

areasofunoccupiedlandforresidentialexpansion,theomnibuses,horserailways,

commutertrains,andelectrictrolleyspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwotofourtimes

moredistantfromcitycentersthantheywereinthepre-modemera.In1850,fbr

example,thebordersofBostonlayscarcelytwomilesfromtheoldbusinessdistrict;

bytheturnofthe20thcenturytheradiusextendedtenmiles.Nowthosewhocould

afforditcouldlivefarremovedfromtheoldcitycenterandstillcommutetherefor

work,shoppingandentertainment.Thenewaccessibilityoflandaroundtheperiphery

ofalmosteverymajorcitysparkedanexplosionofrealestatedevelopmentandfueled

whatwenowknowasurbansprawl.Between1890and1920.forexample,some

250,000newresidentiallotswererecordedwithinthebordersofChicago,mostof

themlocatedinoutlyingareas.Overthesameperiod,another550,000wereplotted

outsidethecitylimitsbutwithinthemetropolitanarea.Anxioustotakeadvantageof

thepossibilitiesofcommuting,realestatedevelopersadded800,000potential

buildingsitestotheChicagoregioninjustthirtyyears-lotsthatcouldhavehoused

fivetosixmillionpeople.Ofcourse,manywereneveroccupied;therewas

alwaysahugesurplusofsubdivided,butvacantlandaroundChicagoandothercities.

Theseexcessesunderscoreafeatureofresidentialexpansionrelatedtothegrowthof

masstransportation;urbansprawlwasessentiallyunplanned.Itwascarriedoutby

thousandsofsmallinvestorswhopaidlittleheedtocoordinatedlanduseortofuture

landusers.Thosewhopurchasedandpreparedlandfbrresidentialpurposes,

particularlylandnearoroutsidecityborderswheretransitlinesandmiddle-class

inhabitantswereanticipated,didsotocreatedemandasmuchastorespondtoit.

Chicagoisaprimeexampleofthisprocess.Realestatesubdivisionthereproceeded

muchfasterthanpopulationgrowth.

11.Effectsofmasstransportationoncity'slifestyleare.

A.promotingtheirinherentinstability

B.remarkablegrowthincityarea

C.everincreasingstandardsofliving

D.separationofcommercialandresidentialdistricts

正確答案：A

解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞effectofmasstransportation定位至第一段第二句。定位

句提到“它加劇了城市生活固有的不穩(wěn)定性"，故A）為本題的答案。知識(shí)模塊:

篇章閱讀

12.TheauthorreferstobothBostonandChicagoinorderto.

A.contrasttheirratesofgrowthwitheachother

B.showthatmasstransitchangedmanycities

C.demonstratepositiveandnegativeeffectsofgrowth

D.exemplifycitieswithandwithoutmasstransportation

正確答案：B

解析：作者在第一段第三句中寫(xiě)道：“由于使用公共汽車、公路運(yùn)輸、市郊

往返火車以及電車，使居住區(qū)離市中心的距離比過(guò)去遠(yuǎn)了2到4倍?！苯又胒or

example舉例：波士頓和芝加哥由于公交系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展使城區(qū)不斷向四周擴(kuò)展?？?/p>

見(jiàn)，B)“表明公交系統(tǒng)改變了許多城市”反映了論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。知

識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

13.Theword“sparkcd”(Linc11,Para.l)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.broughtabout

B.reckonedwith

C.smoothedover

D.wipedout

正確答案：A

解析：由題干提示定位到第一段第六句。由定位句可知，幾乎每座大城市的

邊緣都有大片新土地可用，接著又說(shuō)到，房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展，前后是因果關(guān)

系，由此判斷sparked的詞義為“引起"，故應(yīng)選A)broughtabout(引起)。知識(shí)

模塊：篇章閱讀

14.Chicagoismentionedinthesecondparagraphasanexampleofacity

A.thatisfamous

B.thatisusedasamodelforlanddevelopment

C.withanexcellentmasstransportationsystem

D.wherelanddevelopmentexceededpopulationgrowth

正確答案：D

解析：由題干提示定位到第二段。作者在第二段最后兩句中明確指出芝加哥

就是采用這種做法的典型例子。在那里房地產(chǎn)的開(kāi)發(fā)速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)人口的增長(zhǎng)速

度。因此，作者提到芝加哥是作為一個(gè)土地開(kāi)發(fā)速度超過(guò)人口增長(zhǎng)速度的例子，

所以只有D)正確。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

15.Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe.

A.InstabilityofUrbanLife

B.TypesofMassTransportation

C.LandUse

D.TheEffectsofMassTransportationonUrbanExpansion

正確答案：D

解析：本文一開(kāi)始作者就開(kāi)宗明義地提出公交系統(tǒng)對(duì)美國(guó)城市的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)

結(jié)構(gòu)的巨大影響。接著作者以波士頓和芝加哥為例來(lái)說(shuō)明公交系統(tǒng)對(duì)城區(qū)擴(kuò)展的

影響。可見(jiàn)，D)闡述了這一主題。知識(shí)模塊：篇章閱讀

Asolidmajorityoftechnologyexpertsandstakeholdersparticipatinginthe

fourthfutureoftheInternetsurveyexpectthatby2020mostpeoplewillaccess

softwareapplicationsonlineandshareandaccessinformationthroughtheuseof

remoteservernetworks,ratherthandependingcruciallyontoolsandinfbnnation

housedontheirindividual,personalcomputers.Theysaythatcloudcomputingwill

becomemoredominantthanthedesktopinthenextdecade.Inotherwords,most

userswillperformmostcomputingandcommunicatingactivitiesthroughconnections

toserversoperatedbyoutsidefirms.Amongthemostpopularcloudservicesnow

arcsocialnetworkingsitcs(thc50()millionpeopleusingFacebookarcbeingsocialin

thecloud),webmailserviceslikeHotmailandYahoomail,microbloggingand

bloggingservicessuchasTwitterandWordPress,video-sharingsiteslikeYouTube,

picture-sharingsitessuchasFlickr,documentandapplicationssiteslikeGoogleDocs,

social-bookmarkingsiteslikeDelicious,businesssiteslikeeBay,andranking,rating

andcommentingsitessuchasYelpandTripAdvisor.Mostofthosesurveyed

notedthatcloudcomputingwillcontinuetoexpandandcometodominate

informationtransactionsbecauseitoffersmanyadvantages,allowinguserstohave

easy,instant,andindividualizedaccesstotoolsandinformationtheyneedwherever

theyare,locatablefromanynetworkeddevice.Someexpertsnotedthatpeoplein

technology-richenvironmentswillhaveaccesstosophisticated-yet-affordablelocal

networksthatallowthemto“havethecloudintheirhomes.44Manyofthepeople

whoagreedwiththestatementthatcloudcomputingwillexpandastheinternet

evolvessaidthedesktopwillnotdieoutbutitwillbeusedinnew,improvedwaysin

tandemwith（伴隨）remotecomputing.Somesurveyparticipantssaidtheyexpectthat

amoresophisticateddesktop-cloudhybrid（混合物）willbepeople'sprimaryinterface

withinformation.Theypredictedthedesktopandindividual,privatenetworkswillbe

abletoprovidemostofthesameconveniencesasthecloudbutwithbetter

functionality,overallefficiency,andspeed.Somenotedthatgeneral-purposein-home

PCserverscandomuchoftheworklocallyviaaconnectiontothecloudtotapinto

resourcesfbrcomputing-intensivetasks.Meanwhile,anumberofpeoplesaid

cloudcomputingpresentsdifficultsecurityproblemsandfurtherexposesprivate

informationtogovernments,corporations,thieves,opportunists,andhumanand

machineerror,etc.Surveyparticipantsnotedthattherearealsoqualityofservice

andcompatibilityhurdles（障礙）thatmustbecrossedsuccessfullybeforecloud

computinggainsmoreadopters.Amongtheotherlimitingfactorstheexpert

respondentsmentionedwere:thelackofbroadbandspectrumtohandletheloadif

everyoneisusingthecloud;thevariabilityofcostandaccessindifferentpartsofthe

worldandthedifficultiesthatlieaheadbeforetheycanreachtheidealofaffordable

accessanywhere,anytime;andcomplexlegalissues,includingcross-border

intellectualpropertyandprivacyconflicts.

16.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.cloudcomputingisaspecialmachineoperatedbysomecompanies

B.desktopsaccesssoftwareapplicationsthroughstoredtoolsandinformation

C.computingandcommunicatingcannotbecarriedoutwithoutcloudcomputing

D.cloudcomputingwillreplacedesktopscompletelyinthenearfuture

正確答案：B

解析：由題干提示定位到第一段。B）與第一段第一句"絕大多數(shù)