江西省鷹潭市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省鷹潭市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomanspeakerdonext?A.Makeacall.B.VisitSimon.C.Planapicnic.2.Howwastheweatherinthewoman’striparea?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.3.WhydoesthewomanrecommendGramercyTavern?A.Itspriceislow.B.Itsserviceisexcellent.C.Itsfoodistasty.4.WhydoesthemangotoBeijing?A.Towork.B.Toseehisfriends.C.Totravel.5.Wherewasthemanthismorning?A.Inthemanager’soffice.B.Athishouse.C.Inthemeetingroom.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhydidAmygotothecontest?A.Tohavesomefun.B.Toprovehercookingskills.C.Towinsomemoney.7.HowdoesAmyprobablyfeelnow?A.Happy.B.Upset.C.Regretful.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhendidtheoldJapaneseladybegintoplayvideogames?A.Thirtyyearsago.B.Fortyyearsago.C.Fiftyyearsago.9.WhatdoesthewomanspeakeraskMiketodo?A.TellhermoreabouttheJapaneselady.B.Makevideoshimself.C.Dohishomework.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。10.Whatticketdidthemanbuy?A.Thefirstclass.B.Thesecondclass.C.Thebusinessclass.11.Whatisfreeonthetrain?A.Meals.B.Coffee.C.Snacks.12.Whenshouldthemanreachthestationtocatchthetrainatthelatest?A.At8:30am.B.At9:00am.C.At9:30am.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至16題。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretogoonweekends.B.Whichclubtojoin.C.Howtomakefriends.14.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Getoutmore.B.Talktohisoldbrother.C.Stopplayingcomputergames.15.Whatistheman’shobby?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Readingbooks.C.Watchingfilms.16.Whatisthemanlike?A.Confident.B.shy.C.Interesting.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Sharinganexperience.B.Teachingaclass.C.Presentingaguest.18.WhatisthepurposeoftheStreetPlayProject?A.Tomakechildrenplayinthestreetsafely.B.Tocallforvolunteerstohelplocalresidents.C.Toestablishabettercommunity.19.WhatmadeAliceRichescomeupwiththeStreetPlayProject?A.Herfirstchild.B.Herchildhoodexperience.C.Localresidents’suggestions.20.WhatdoesAliceRicheswanttodo?A.Getmorechildreninvolved.B.Closethestreetlonger.C.Promotetheprojecttoothercities.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所可給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInSeptember,thousandsofmonuments,civicbuildingsandprivatehomesthrowopentheirdoorstoofferarareglimpseofnormallyof-limitsspaces.Herearesomeless-knowntreasuresaroundtheUK.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary,HawardenGladstone’sLibraryinHawardenwillberunningspecialtoursaspartoftheOpenDoors-Walesfestival.ItwasbuiltasamemorialtoprimeministerWiliamGladstope,TakeatourofbeautifulReadingRoomshousing150,000books.September16,10am-2pm,bookingrequired.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,GlasgowTheatmosphericBritanniaPanopticonwillbeshowingoffitscollectionoftheatricalrelics,propsandcostumes.SampleVictorianitemsattheworld’soldestsurvivingmusichallwithoutbooking.September15and16,11am-5pmandSeptember17,12pm-5pmGothicTemple,StoweGardensVisitorstoStoweGardenswillbeofferedararechancetoseeinsidethe18thcenturyGothicTemple.Thoughit’snormallyrentedasaholidaylet,itscircularroomsandmosaicceilingswillbeopentoprebookedvisitorsforoneweekend.September16and17,10:30am-4:30pm,freeofchargeAppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversityAspartofScotland’sDoorsOpenDaysfestival,EdinburghUniversity’sAppletonTowerwillbeofferingtoursoftheworld-leadingSchool,includingavisittothestudysuiteonLevel9whichoffersfar-reachingviewsoftheEdinburghskyline.September23,11am-2pm,bookinginadvance.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatBritanniaPanopticonMusicHall?A.Theycanappreciatetheatre-relateditems.B.Theycanlistentotheoldestsurvivingmusic.C.Theycanvisitastudyroomwithfar-reachingscenery.D.TheycanreadinReadingRoomswith150,000booksinstore.2.Whichofthefollowingwillappealtoarchitecturefans?A.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary,Hawarden.B.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,Glasgow.C.GothicTemple,StoweGardens.D.AppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversity.3.WhatdoGuidedtourofGladstone’sLibraryandAppletonTowerhaveincommon?A.Theybothlastforfourhours.B.Theybothofferclassicbookstovisitors.C.Theybothhonorworldfamousfigures.D.Theybothrequirereservations.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了英國(guó)的四座建筑?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,Glasgow部分的“TheatmosphericBritanniaPanopticonwillbeshowingoffitscollectionoftheatricalrelics,propsandcostumes.SampleVictorianitemsattheworld’soldestsurvivingmusichallwithoutbooking.(氣氛濃厚的不列顛尼亞圓形監(jiān)獄將展示其收藏的戲劇文物、道具和服裝。在世界上現(xiàn)存最古老的音樂(lè)廳里品嘗維多利亞時(shí)代的物品，無(wú)需預(yù)訂。)”可知，在BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall他們可以欣賞與戲劇有關(guān)的物品。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題GothicTemple,StoweGardens部分的“VisitorstoStoweGardenswillbeofferedararechancetoseeinsidethe18thcenturyGothicTemple.Thoughit’snormallyrentedasaholidaylet,itscircularroomsandmosaicceilingswillbeopentoprebookedvisitorsforoneweekend.(斯托花園的游客將有機(jī)會(huì)一睹這座18世紀(jì)哥特式神廟的內(nèi)部風(fēng)貌。雖然它通常是作為度假場(chǎng)所出租的，但它的圓形房間和馬賽克天花板將在一個(gè)周末向預(yù)訂的游客開(kāi)放。)”可知，GothicTemple,StoweGardens的建筑奇特，會(huì)吸引建筑愛(ài)好者。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary,Hawarden部分的“September16,10am-2pm,bookingrequired.(9月16日上午10點(diǎn)至下午2點(diǎn)，需預(yù)約。)”以及小標(biāo)題AppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversity部分的“September23,11am-2pm,bookinginadvance.(9月23日上午11點(diǎn)至下午2點(diǎn)，提前預(yù)訂。)”可知，這兩個(gè)景點(diǎn)的共同之處是都需要預(yù)約。故選D項(xiàng)。BForyears,Irejectedthispartofmyself,untilIrealizedwhatIwasmissing.Iusedtobeproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresent,allsouthern.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedanduneducated,ignorantandnarrow-minded.Inthatawkwardstagebetweenteenagerandadult,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.TheprocessofgettingridofmyaccentbeganinhighschoolwithGilmoreGirls.Aftereachepisode,I’dstandbeforeamirror,practicingthecharacters’linesinanefforttospeaklikea“normal”whiteupper-middle-classgirl.Eventually,Iwassuccessfulatbreakingdownmytongueandrebuildingit.EverytimeIwasaskedwhereIwasfrom,Iwouldsay“nearMemphis”ormakeanambiguousstatementaboutmycountrybackground.NowI’mlivinginabigcitywitharespectablejobdowntown.EverystepIwalkfromthetrainstationtotheofficeseemsvictorious.However,I’vebeenpretendingandI’mfedupwithit.Occasionallymyoldselfescapesfrommylipswhenencouragedbyanextraglassofwhiskey,butIunconsciouslygobacktothesafetyoftheunaccentedminuteslater,makingmefeelasifI’mafraud—agirlwhoforgetswhereshecomesfrom.ThengraduallyI’vebecomekindofhomesickthatleadsmetoputontheoldHighwomenrecordanddancearound,singingwithalltheaccentsI’vegotleft.Mygrandmotherusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tyouforgetwhereyoucomefrom?”Memoriesarefadingbytimebutthisonehasremainedimpressedonmymind.So,Idecidetomoveback.I’mstillsearchingforwhatitmeanstobesouthern,butnowI’mdoingitwithallthe“y’alls”,and“ain’ts”I’vekeptbackforsolong.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetogetridofhersouthernaccent?A.Becauseshegotuneducated.B.Becauseshewasmisledbyprejudice.C.Becauseitreflectedhershamefulpast.D.Becauseitmadeherlaughedatbyothers.5.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Theauthorlearntthelanguagewell.B.Theauthorfinallysucceededinbigcities.C.Theauthormadeawhiteupperclassgirl.D.Theauthormanagedtorebuildheraccent.6.Whatcontributedmosttotheauthor’sreturntohersouthernaccent?A.Herover-drinking. B.Herboredomofpretending.C.Herhomesickness. D.Hergrandmother’swords.7.Whatmessagedoesthepassagewanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourself.B.Everyonehashisownsecret.C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.There’salwaysasilverlininginthecloud.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者因?yàn)閯e人的偏見(jiàn)以及追求更好的生活改變自己的南方口音，但后來(lái)才意識(shí)到這樣做抹殺了自己身份的一部分，決定找回自己的南方口音。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedanduneducated,ignorantandnarrow-minded.Inthatawkwardstagebetweenteenagerandadult,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.(在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到，在我們的地區(qū)之外，南方人經(jīng)常被視為沒(méi)有文化、沒(méi)有受過(guò)教育、無(wú)知和心胸狹窄。在青少年和成年人之間的尷尬階段，我的口音象征著我討厭的南方農(nóng)村生活的一切)”可推知，作者被別人對(duì)南方人的偏見(jiàn)誤導(dǎo)，決定改掉自己的南方口音，故選B。【5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheprocessofgettingridofmyaccentbeganinhighschoolwithGilmoreGirls.Aftereachepisode,I’dstandbeforeamirror,practicingthecharacters’linesinanefforttospeaklikea‘normal’whiteupper-middle-classgirl.Eventually,Iwassuccessfulatbreakingdownmytongueandrebuildingit.(擺脫口音的過(guò)程始于高中的GilmoreGirls。每集結(jié)束后，我都會(huì)站在鏡子前，練習(xí)角色的臺(tái)詞，努力讓自己說(shuō)話像一個(gè)‘正常’的白人中上層女孩。最終我成功地打破了我的說(shuō)話方式并重建了起來(lái))”可知，本段主要講述作者花費(fèi)很大力氣去模仿GilmoreGirls劇中角色的臺(tái)詞，最后成功改掉了自己的南方口音，故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“However,I’vebeenpretendingandI’mfedupwithit.(然而，我一直在假裝，我受夠了)”可知，作者受夠了一直假裝，決定找回自己的南方口音，故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段“Foryears,Irejectedthispartofmyself,untilIrealizedwhatIwasmissing.(多年來(lái)，我一直拒絕接受自己的這一部分，直到我意識(shí)到自己錯(cuò)過(guò)了什么)”可知，文章主要講述作者因?yàn)閯e人的偏見(jiàn)以及追求更好的生活改變自己的口音，但后來(lái)才意識(shí)到這樣做抹殺了自己身份的一部分，決定找回自己的南方口音。由此推知，本文想要傳達(dá)的是“做真實(shí)的自己”，故選A。CNottoolongago,41-year-oldGarrettFisherflewasmallairplaneclosetothesurfaceofthelargestglacierinNorway.Inthatenvironment,theplanecarryingamanwhopursuesglaciersseemedalmostlikeatoy.FisheristryingtophotographeveryglacieronEarthbeforesomeofthemdisappear.ScientistssaymanyglaciersaregettingsmallerbecauseEarth’saveragetemperatureisincreasing.InformationfromtheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency,orEEA,saysglaciersintheAlpshavelostabouthalfoftheirvolumesince1900andthatby2100,thesizeofEuropeanglacierscoulddecreasebybetween22percentand84percent.HistoricalrecordsofthesizeofglaciersinEuropealsoshowthatglaciersarenowshrinkingfaster.ThishaspushedFishertocombinehisloveofflyingandphotographytophotographEarth’sremainingglaciersbeforeit’stoolate.Fisherbelieveshisphotographscanbeofgreatvaluetofuturegenerations.So,hehaslaunchedtheGlobalGlacierInitiative,anon-profitgrouptosupportandshowhiswork.Heplanstoopenhisphotostothepublicforresearch.Fisherflewasmallplanethathasasmellofoilandfeelslikeanoldcar.Itwashischoicetohavethedangerousflying.“Theweatherisbadandtheflyingistechnicallychallenging,”Fishersaid.Somepeoplewouldask,“Whyriskflyingoverglacierswhensatelliteshavealreadygivenpicturesofthem?”Fishersaidthatsatelliteimagesdon’tcatchthebeautyofglaciersthewayhisphotoscan.Hisphotosshowthecolors,shapes,andshadowsasthelightfromthesunhitstheglaciers.Fisherhaspaidforhisglacierphotographywithhisownmoney.Butitiscostly.MoneyisrunningoutandFisherislookingforpeoplewhowillhelpsupporthiswork.Hehopeshisphotoswillbearemindertopeople.Heistryingtoobtaintheperfectimage,whichissobeautifulthatitcanmakepeopleandpolicymakersact.8.WhatcausedFishertocombineflyingandphotography?A.TherequestfromtheEEA.B.ThebeautyofEarth’sglaciers.C.Thecrisisofdisappearingglaciers.D.Theneedtoenrichglacierrecords.9.WhydidFisherlaunchtheGlobalGlacierInitiative?A.Tocarryoutresearchonglaciers.B.Tomakehisphotospubliclyavailable.C.TorecordthesizeofEuropeanglaciers.D.Toattractmoreglacierenthusiasts.10.WhichwordscanbestdescribeFisher?A.Adventurousanddetermined. B.Optimisticandgenerous.C.Creativeandthoughtful. D.Braveandpatient.11.What’sFisher’sexpectationofhisphotos?A.Bringinghimsomefinancialsupport.B.Beingrecognizedbypolicymakers.C.Strengtheningthehuman-naturebond.D.Raisingpeople’sconcernforglaciers.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。由于冰川正在消失，41歲的GarrettFisher決定駕駛一架小型飛機(jī)拍攝仍留存的冰川美景?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ScientistssaymanyglaciersaregettingsmallerbecauseEarth’saveragetemperatureisincreasing.(科學(xué)家表示,由于地球的平均溫度正在上升,許多冰川正在變小)”以及“ThishaspushedFishertocombinehisloveofflyingandphotographytophotographEarth’sremainingglaciersbeforeit’stoolate.(這促使Fisher將他對(duì)飛行和攝影的熱愛(ài)結(jié)合起來(lái)，在為時(shí)已晚之前拍攝地球上剩余的冰川)”可推知，冰川慢慢消失的危機(jī)促使Fisher將飛行和攝影結(jié)合起來(lái)，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Fisherbelieveshisphotographscanbeofgreatvaluetofuturegenerations.So,hehaslaunchedtheGlobalGlacierInitiative,anon-profitgrouptosupportandshowhiswork.Heplanstoopenhisphotostothepublicforresearch.(Fisher相信他的照片對(duì)后代有很大的價(jià)值。因此，他發(fā)起了“全球冰川倡議”，這是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，旨在支持和展示他的工作。他計(jì)劃向公眾開(kāi)放他的照片以供研究)”可知，為了公開(kāi)他的照片，支持和展示他的工作，費(fèi)舍爾發(fā)起了全球冰川倡議。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Itwashischoicetohavethedangerousflying.“Theweatherisbadandtheflyingistechnicallychallenging,”Fishersaid.(冒險(xiǎn)飛行是他的選擇。“天氣惡劣，飛行在技術(shù)上具有挑戰(zhàn)性，”Fisher說(shuō))”可知，拍攝冰川的工作充滿危險(xiǎn)，不僅天氣惡劣，對(duì)駕駛技術(shù)要求也很高，但Fisher選擇去做這件事，這說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)有冒險(xiǎn)精神的人。再結(jié)合該段中的“Somepeoplewouldask,“Whyriskflyingoverglacierswhensatelliteshavealreadygivenpicturesofthem?”(有些人會(huì)問(wèn)：“既然衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)提供了冰川的照片，為什么還要冒險(xiǎn)飛越冰川呢？”)”可知，一些人不明白Fisher這樣做有什么意義，也就是對(duì)其行為有質(zhì)疑，但Fisher堅(jiān)持自己的想法并付諸行動(dòng)。由此推知，他是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的、有決心的人。故選A?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hehopeshisphotoswillbearemindertopeople.Heistryingtoobtaintheperfectimage,whichissobeautifulthatitcanmakepeopleandpolicymakersact.(他希望他的照片能提醒人們。他試圖獲得完美的形象，這是如此美麗，它可以讓人們和政策制定者采取行動(dòng))”可知，F(xiàn)isher希望他所拍攝的照片能夠提醒人們，讓人們行動(dòng)起來(lái)保護(hù)冰川。故選D。DTraditionally,ithasbeenassumedthatcultivatingfoodleadstoalossofbiodiversityandnegativeimpactsonanecosystem.Inarecentstudy,researcherslookedat28urbancommunitygardensacrossCaliforniaoverfiveyearsandquantifiedbiodiversityinplantandanimallife,aswellasecosystemfunctionssuchascarbonsequestration(碳封存),foodproduction,pestcontrol,andhumanwell-being.“Wewantedtodetermineiftherewereanybiodiversityandimpactsonecosystemfunctioninthoseurbangardens,”saysShaleneJha,theleadauthorofthestudyinEcologyLetters.“Whatwefoundisthatthesegardens,whichareprovidingtremendousnutritionalresourcesandincreasingwell-beingforgardeners,arealsosupportingincrediblyhighlevelsofplantandanimalbiodiversity.It’sawin-win.”Previousassumptionsbyscientistsaboutthenegativeeffectoffoodproductiononbiodiversityhavebeenalmostentirelybasedonintensiveruralagricultureenterprisesthattendtogrowonlyoneortwotypesofcrops,oftenatamassivescale.Urbancommunitygardens,privategardens,andurbanfarmsandorchardstendtogrowmoretypesofplantsinsmallerareas.Thenewstudyisthefirsttoexploretheeffectsofurbangardensacrossawiderangeofbiodiversitymeasuresandecologicalservices.“It’sestimatedthatby2030,about60%oftheworld’spopulationwillliveincities,”Jhasays.“Andurbanfarmsandgardenscurrentlyprovideabout15%-20%ofourfoodsupply,sotheyareessentialinaddressingfoodinequalitychallenges.Whatwe’reseeingisthaturbangardenspresentancriticalopportunitytosupportbothbiodiversityandlocalfoodproduction.”Thestudyalsofoundthatthechoicesthatgardenersmakecanhavealargeimpactontheirlocalecosystem.Forinstance,plantingtreesoutsidecropbedscouldincreasecarbonsequestrationwithoutdecreasingfoodproductionfromtoomuchshade.Andcoveringonlywithincropbedscouldhelpimprovesoilcarbonservices,whileavoidingnegativeeffectsonpestcontrol.12.What’sthepurposeofthestudyconductedbyShaleneJha?A.Toanalyzethecauseoflossofbiodiversity.B.Toincreasewell-beingofgardeners.C.Toquantifynutritionallevelsinplantsandanimals.D.Tostudytheinfluenceofurbangardensonecosystem.13.Whatmaycausethelossofbiodiversityaccordingtopreviousassumptions?A.Inefficientpestcontrol.B.Limitedplantingscales.C.Intensiveagriculturalpattern.D.Unsatisfactoryecologicalservices.14.What’sJha’sattitudetowardsurbangardens?A.Objective. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Concerned.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.UrbanGardensBoostBiodiversity.B.UrbanGardensChallengeRuralAgriculture.C.UrbanFarmsAddressFoodInequality.D.UrbanBiodiversityIncreasesWell-beingofCardener.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究表明城市園林可以促進(jìn)生物多樣性?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Wewantedtodetermineiftherewereanybiodiversityandimpactsonecosystemfunctioninthoseurbangardens,”saysShaleneJha,theleadauthorofthestudyinEcologyLetters.(“我們想要確定在這些城市花園中是否存在生物多樣性和對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的影響，”發(fā)表在《生態(tài)學(xué)快報(bào)》上的這項(xiàng)研究的主要作者ShaleneJha說(shuō))”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康氖茄芯砍鞘袌@林對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Previousassumptionsbyscientistsaboutthenegativeeffectoffoodproductiononbiodiversityhavebeenalmostentirelybasedonintensiveruralagricultureenterprisesthattendtogrowonlyoneortwotypesofcrops,oftenatamassivescale.(科學(xué)家以前關(guān)于糧食生產(chǎn)對(duì)生物多樣性的負(fù)面影響的假設(shè)幾乎完全是基于集約化的農(nóng)村農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)，這些企業(yè)往往只種植一種或兩種作物，而且往往規(guī)模很大)”可知，之前的假設(shè)認(rèn)為集約化農(nóng)業(yè)模式會(huì)影響生物多樣性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““It’sestimatedthatby2030,about60%oftheworld’spopulationwillliveincities,”Jhasays.“Andurbanfarmsandgardenscurrentlyprovideabout15%-20%ofourfoodsupply,sotheyareessentialinaddressingfoodinequalitychallenges.Whatwe’reseeingisthaturbangardenspresentancriticalopportunitytosupportbothbiodiversityandlocalfoodproduction.”(賈說(shuō)：“據(jù)估計(jì)，到2030年，世界上大約60%的人口將居住在城市?！薄俺鞘修r(nóng)場(chǎng)和花園目前提供了大約15%-20%的食物供應(yīng)，因此它們對(duì)于解決食物不平等的挑戰(zhàn)至關(guān)重要。我們所看到的是，城市花園為支持生物多樣性和當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食生產(chǎn)提供了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的機(jī)會(huì)?！?”可知，賈對(duì)城市花園的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段中“Whatwefoundisthatthesegardens,whichareprovidingtremendousnutritionalresourcesandincreasingwell-beingforgardeners,arealsosupportingincrediblyhighlevelsofplantandanimalbiodiversity.It’sawin-win.(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些花園不僅為園丁提供了大量的營(yíng)養(yǎng)資源，還提高了他們的幸福感，同時(shí)也為植物和動(dòng)物的生物多樣性提供了極高的支持。這是雙贏)”及第四段最后一句“Whatwe’reseeingisthaturbangardenspresentacriticalopportunitytosupportbothbiodiversityandlocalfoodproduction.(我們所看到的是，城市園林為支持生物多樣性和當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食生產(chǎn)提供了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，本文通過(guò)一項(xiàng)研究說(shuō)明了城市園林可以促進(jìn)生物多樣性，所以“城市花園促進(jìn)生物多樣性”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Somepeopledonotalwaysreadtheclassics.Theirreasonsbeginwiththelanguagebeingtoodifficultandendwiththestorylinetoodistanttothepresentcontext.Loveforclassicsisobviouslynotatfirstsight._____16_____Webeginasacquaintances(熟人)andeventuallybecomeclosefriendswithprivatejokesbetweenus.Sohowdoesoneapproachaclassic?Don’tbeafraidtobeconfused.Wegetit:it’shardtopowerthroughconfusion.Itdoesn’tfeelgreatwhenabookmakesyoufeelconfused.Everyreaderhastostartsomewhere._____17_____Instead,beproudofyourselffortrying,andgetexcitedaboutallthenewthingsyou’lllearn.Research,research,research._____18_____Researchingtheauthorandthetimeandplacetheywerewritingaboutcanhelpyousituateyourselfduringtrickypassages.Theauthor’sexperience,viewpoint,andhistoricalcontextmighthelpyoumaketheconnectionsyoumightnothaveotherwise.Justpickthebookup.Whileit’snothardtojustpickabookup,weknowhowdifficultitcanbetoconvinceyourselftodoso._____19_____Takeadeepbreath,thenleapontothedeck(甲板)ofMelville’sPequodorstepcautiouslythroughthegatesofCastleDracula.Remember:thereisnorightanswer.Thereisnoperfectwaytoreadaclassictext.Thereisnodefininginterpretation,noexactanswer.Yourgoalasareaderistodiscoverwhataspectsandinsightsaremeaningfultoyou._____20_____Evenifyourinterpretationoftheworkisn’tquiteperfect,itisstillvaluable!A.It’sagradualaffair.B.Ithassomeformofhistoricaleffect.C.Shouldwereadwithclosefriends?D.Neverbeatyourselfupfornotknowingsomething.E.Readwithintentionandthinkcritically.F.Remindyourselfthatit’sanewlearningopportunity.G.Beforeyouturntopageone,dosomedigging.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.F20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了閱讀經(jīng)典書籍的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Loveforclassicsisobviouslynotatfirstsight.(對(duì)經(jīng)典的喜愛(ài)顯然不是一見(jiàn)鐘情)”及下文“Webeginasacquaintances(熟人)andeventuallybecomeclosefriendswithprivatejokesbetweenus.(我們從熟人開(kāi)始，最終成為親密的朋友，彼此開(kāi)著私人的玩笑。)”可知，對(duì)經(jīng)典的喜愛(ài)不是一見(jiàn)鐘情，是一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。故A選項(xiàng)“It’sagradualaffair.(這是一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選A。【17題詳析】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Don’tbeafraidtobeconfused.(不要害怕困惑。)”和上文“Wegetit:it’shardtopowerthroughconfusion.Itdoesn’tfeelgreatwhenabookmakesyoufeelconfused.Everyreaderhastostartsomewhere.(我們明白：很難從困惑中獲得力量。當(dāng)一本書讓你感到困惑時(shí)，感覺(jué)并不好。每個(gè)讀者都有一個(gè)起點(diǎn)。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“害怕困惑”有關(guān)的話題，根據(jù)下文“Instead,beproudofyourselffortrying,andgetexcitedaboutallthenewthingsyou’lllearn.(相反，你應(yīng)該為自己的嘗試感到自豪，并為你將學(xué)到的所有新事物感到興奮)”可知，此處與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“Neverbeatyourselfupfornotknowingsomething.(永遠(yuǎn)不要因?yàn)椴恢蓝?zé)怪自己)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選D。【18題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Research,research,research.(研究，研究，再研究)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“研究”有關(guān)的話題，由此可知，G選項(xiàng)“Beforeyouturntopageone,dosomedigging.(在翻到第一頁(yè)之前，先挖掘一下)”與本段主旨一致，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whileit’snothardtojustpickabookup,weknowhowdifficultitcanbetoconvinceyourselftodoso.(雖然拿起一本書并不難，但我們知道說(shuō)服自己這么做有多難。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“開(kāi)始讀書”有關(guān)的話題，根據(jù)下文“Takeadeepbreath,thenleapontothedeck(甲板)ofMelville’sPequodorstepcautiouslythroughthegatesofCastleDracula.(深吸一口氣,然后跳上梅爾維爾的《裴廓德號(hào)》的甲板，或者小心翼翼地穿過(guò)德古拉城堡的大門)”可知，此處在講述開(kāi)始讀書的具體做法。故F選項(xiàng)“Remindyourselfthatit’sanewlearningopportunity.(提醒自己這是一個(gè)新的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。)”能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thereisnoperfectwaytoreadaclassictext.Thereisnodefininginterpretation,noexactanswer.Yourgoalasareaderistodiscoverwhataspectsandinsightsaremeaningfultoyou.Enjoytheprocess.(閱讀經(jīng)典文本沒(méi)有完美的方法。沒(méi)有明確的解釋，沒(méi)有精確的答案。作為讀者，你的目標(biāo)是發(fā)現(xiàn)哪些方面和見(jiàn)解對(duì)你有意義。)”可知，閱讀經(jīng)典文本時(shí)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行思考。由此可知，E選項(xiàng)“Readwithintention,andthinkcritically.(用心閱讀，批判性思考)”能夠銜接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DiebedoKereisayoungarchitectfromAfrica.Therewasno___21___schoolwhenMr.KerewasgrowingupinGando,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries.Sincechildhoodhehadalreadyhadakeensenseof___22___.Hisfamilysenthimawaytoschoolwhenhewassevenandhedidnot___23___them.HewonascholarshipfromtheGermangovernmentandwenttostudyinGermany.___24___stillstudyingforhisarchitecturedegreeinBerlin,Mr.Kerelearnedthattheschoolbuildinginhishometownwasonthepointof___25___.Theschoolhadbeenbuiltsomeyearspreviously.___26___tosharewithhisvillagetheadvantagesthat___27___hadgivenhim,Mr.KerelaunchedtheSchoolBricksforGandoprojectand___28___raisingmoneyneededtobuildaschool.Openedin2001,theschoolnow___29___morethan300pupils.Theschoolnotonly___30___educationforthevillagechildren,butisusedtopassonnewskillsand___31___totheentirevillage.“Africaisfullofverybrightand___32___youngpeople.Butonlythrough___33___toeducationwilltheybeabletobuildthemselvesabetterworld.Forme,GandoSchoolisa___34___becausethevillagersnolongerseeitasawasteoftimefortheirchildrentobeinschoolinsteadofworkinginthe___35___.”Keresaid.21.A.legal B.local C.musical D.medical22.A.loss B.occasion C.family D.responsibility23.A.cheat B.blame C.disappoint D.trouble24.A.While B.Whenever C.Although D.Since25.A.sale B.opening C.collapse D.exchange26.A.Asked B.Reminded C.Determining D.Allowing27.A.poverty B.education C.courage D.fortune28.A.setabout B.insistedon C.pickedup D.lookedinto29.A.advises B.counts C.monitors D.abandons30.A.changes B.spares C.finds D.provides31.A.tradition B.wealth C.knowledge D.freedom32.A.ambitious B.modest C.patient D.generous33.A.devotion B.access C.tendency D.application34.A.treat B.failure C.term D.success35.A.fields B.companies C.apartments D.factories【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要敘述DiebedoKere在世界上最貧窮的國(guó)家之一——甘多長(zhǎng)大，他從小就有責(zé)任感，努力學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)優(yōu)異，獲得德國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并赴德國(guó)留學(xué)，當(dāng)他還在柏林攻讀建筑學(xué)學(xué)位時(shí)，他得知家鄉(xiāng)的校舍瀕臨倒塌，于是籌集資金建立了甘多學(xué)校，讓當(dāng)?shù)馗嗟暮⒆咏邮芙逃?。該學(xué)校是成功的，因?yàn)榇迕駛円庾R(shí)到了教育的重要性，不再認(rèn)為孩子們上學(xué)而不是在田里干活是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：凱雷先生在世界上最貧窮的國(guó)家之一甘多長(zhǎng)大時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)貨](méi)有學(xué)校。A.legal合法的；B.local當(dāng)?shù)氐模籆.musical音樂(lè)的；D.medical醫(yī)療的。由下文“whenMr.KerewasgrowingupinGando,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries”可知，此處指Gando當(dāng)?shù)貨](méi)有學(xué)校，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就具有強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感。A.loss損失；B.occasion場(chǎng)合；C.family家庭；D.responsibility責(zé)任。由下文“Hisfamilysenthimawaytoschoolwhenhewassevenandhedidnot________them.HewonascholarshipfromtheGermangovernmentandwenttostudyinGermany.”以及下文提到他籌集資金修建學(xué)?？芍蠈W(xué)時(shí)表現(xiàn)很好，沒(méi)有讓家人失望，這說(shuō)明他有強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感，故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他七歲時(shí)，家人送他去上學(xué)，他沒(méi)有讓他們失望。A.cheat欺騙；B.blame責(zé)備；C.disappoint使失望；D.trouble困擾。由下文“HewonascholarshipfromtheGermangovernmentandwenttostudyinGermany.”可知，他獲得德國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并赴德國(guó)留學(xué)，這說(shuō)明他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好，沒(méi)有讓家人們失望。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)凱雷先生還在柏林攻讀建筑學(xué)學(xué)位時(shí)，他得知家鄉(xiāng)的校舍瀕臨倒塌。A.While當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.Whenever無(wú)論什么時(shí)候；C.Although盡管；D.Since自從。由下文“stillstudyingforhisarchitecturedegreeinBerlin,Mr.Kerelearnedthattheschoolbuildinginhishometownwasonthepointof”可知，此處是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，應(yīng)用while引導(dǎo)，故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)凱雷先生還在柏林攻讀建筑學(xué)學(xué)位時(shí)，他得知家鄉(xiāng)的校舍瀕臨倒塌。A.sale銷售；B.opening開(kāi)放；C.collapse倒塌；D.exchange交換。下文“Theschoolhadbeenbuiltsomeyearspreviously”提到學(xué)校是很多年前建成的，結(jié)合“raisingmoneyneededtobuildaschool.”可知，學(xué)校要倒塌了，所以他籌集資金修建學(xué)校，故選C。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：凱雷先生決定與他的村莊分享教育給他帶來(lái)的好處，因此發(fā)起了“甘多學(xué)校磚”項(xiàng)目，并著手籌集建設(shè)學(xué)校所需的資金。A.Asked問(wèn)；B.Reminded提醒；C.Determining決定；D.Allowing允許。由下文“tosharewithhisvillagetheadvantages”可知，他決定與他的村莊分享教育給他帶來(lái)的好處，故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：凱雷先生決定與他的村莊分享教育給他帶來(lái)的好處，因此發(fā)起了“甘多學(xué)校磚”項(xiàng)目，并著手籌集建設(shè)學(xué)校所需的資金。A.poverty貧窮；B.education教育；C.courage勇氣；D.fortune運(yùn)氣。由上文“HewonascholarshipfromtheGermangovernmentandwenttostudyinGermany.”可知，他獲得德國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并赴德國(guó)留學(xué)，這改變了他的命運(yùn)，是教育給他帶來(lái)的好處，故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞定語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：凱雷先生決定與他的村莊分享教育給他帶來(lái)的好處，因此發(fā)起了“甘多學(xué)校磚”項(xiàng)目，并著手籌集建設(shè)學(xué)校所需的資金。A.setabo