軌道交通智能控制技術(shù)專業(yè)英語（中英雙語）課件 徐磊 Unit 4 Critical Control Technologies fr Rail Transit-Unit 5 Key Components

《軌道交通智能控制技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》（中英雙語）Unit

4CriticalControlTechnologiesforRail

TransitPart

1Part

2C

o

n

t

e

n

t

sElectricalTractionDrive

TechnologyTCMS

TechnologyScreenDoor

TechnologyATP

TechnologyPart

3Part

4Part

1ElectricalTractionDrive

TechnologyPart

1PassageTheelectrical

tractionTherailtransittrainsaremainlypoweredbytheoverheadlinesorbytheenergystoragesystemsthatarechargedoncethetrainsarriveatthe

station.alow-floor

tramatraction

motora

super-capacitorenergystoragesystemPart1 PassageTherailtransittrainsaremainlypoweredbytheoverheadlinesorbytheenergystoragesystemsthatarechargedoncethetrainsarriveatthestation.Theuseofaxlecontroltechnologyenableseachmotortobecontrolledindependently,sothatintheeventofunevenloaddistributionduetowheeldiameterdifferences,axleweighttransferandidling,itcanbecompensatedbyindependentcontrol,whichisbeneficialtothemaximizationoftrain

traction.LRVtractionsystemblockdiagramforbogie

controlPart1 PassageAccordingtothedemandoftraintraction,theconverteroutputsthevariable-frequencyandvariable-voltagepower,andcontrolstheoutputspeedandtorqueofthemotor.Thespeedandtorquefinallyactsonthewheelsetsafterconvertedbythegearbox,therebyovercomingthebasicrunningresistance,rampresistance,bendresistanceandairresistanceofthetrain,andrealizingthetraction-basedtrainrunning.Themaintrainrunningstrategiesincludetime-savingstrategy,energy-savingstrategyandintegratedoptimization

strategy.LRVrunningconditions

diagramPart

1Vocabulary1intermediate [?nt?'mi?di?t]2transient ['tr?nzi?nt]3pulsation [p?l'se??n]4torque [t??k]5asynchronous [e?'s??kr?n?s]adj.

中間的；中級(jí)的；中等的adj.

轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的；短暫的；過往的；臨時(shí)的n.

脈動(dòng)；脈沖；搏動(dòng)；間斷n.

扭矩；（使機(jī)器等旋轉(zhuǎn)的）轉(zhuǎn)矩adj.

不同時(shí)存在（或發(fā)生）的；非共時(shí)的Part

1Notes超級(jí)電容儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)牽引變流器電壓支撐電容牽引逆變器super-capacitorenergystoragesystemtraction

convertervoltagesupport

capacitortraction

inverterPart

1Reference

Translation軌道交通車輛主要通過接觸網(wǎng)獲得電能，或通過車輛儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)到站充電。低地板有軌電車電氣牽引傳動(dòng)部分包括牽引變流器、牽引電機(jī)和超級(jí)電容儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)。Therailtransittrainsaremainlypoweredbytheoverheadlinesorbytheenergystoragesystemsthatarechargedoncethetrainsarriveatthestation.Theelectricaltractiondriveofalow-floortramconsistsofatractionconverter,atractionmotorandasuper-capacitorenergystoragesystem.Part

2TCMS

TechnologyPart2 PassageThe

TCMSTCMSstandsforTrainControlandManagement

System.TheTCMSrealizescharacteristiccontrol,logiccontrol,faultmonitoringandself-diagnosisofthetrain,andtransmitsinformationtothemicrocomputerdisplayonthedriver’sconsoletogivethedriveranintuitivereflectionofthereal-timestatusofthe

locomotive.twodisplay

unitsonemaincontrol

unitThemaincontrollinkisautomaticallyremovedintheeventofafault,andthehotstandbycontrollinkisimmediatelyandautomaticallyputinto

operation.Part2 PassageTheTCMSarchitectureisbasedonastandardTCNwithahighdegreeof

redundancy.Thearchitectureuses2standardTCMSmodules,oneforeachhalftrain(calledatrain

set).TheTCMSarchitecturecarriesovertheHVarchitecture(oneTCMSmoduleper

tractiontransformer).Thetwomodulesusegatewaystocommunicateviathetrain

bus.TheCCUandERMareinstalledinthecentralcontrol

cabinet.TheCCUexchangesdatawithERM,HMI,RIOMandotherdevicesviathemultifunctionaltrainbus

(MVB).TheabovetrainnetworkusesaringEthernetnetworkandthetrainnetworkusesa

CANopenbusorRS485bus;dividingthetrainnetworkintoapowernetworkandanon-powernetwork

reducesthebusloadfactorofasingleCANopennetwork,reducesthenumberofnodesinasingleCANopennetworkandincreases

reliability.Part

2PassageNetworktopologyofastraddlingmonorail

trainPart

2Vocabulary1equalize ['i?kw?la?z]2pulsation [p?l'se???n]3compensate ['k?mpense?t]4redundancy ['r?'d?nd?nsi]5intuitive [?n'tju??t?v]v.

均衡；使平等；使均等；使相等n.

搏動(dòng)；脈沖；脈動(dòng)；間斷；角頻率v.

補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ)；給（某人）賠償（或賠款）n.冗余；多余；裁員，解雇adj.

憑直覺得到的；有直覺力的；易懂的Part

2Notes牽引變流器超級(jí)電容坡道阻力多功能車輛總線中央控制單元traction

convertersuper-capacitorramp

resistancemultifunctionaltrain

buscentralcontrol

unitPart

2Reference

TranslationTCMS實(shí)現(xiàn)車輛特性控制、邏輯控制、故障監(jiān)視和自我診斷，并將信息傳送到司機(jī)操縱臺(tái)上的微機(jī)顯示屏為司機(jī)直觀反映機(jī)車實(shí)時(shí)狀態(tài)。TheTCMSrealizescharacteristiccontrol,logiccontrol,faultmonitoringandself-diagnosisofthetrain,andtransmitsinformationtothemicrocomputerdisplayonthedriver'sconsoletogivethedriveranintuitivereflectionofthereal-timestatusofthe

locomotive.Part3ScreenDoor

TechnologyPart3 PassageScreendoorsareinstalledontheedgeofthemetroplatformnearthetracks,separatingtheplatformareafromthetrackarea.Themainpurposeofinstallingscreendoors:① preventpeoplefromfallingontothe

tracks② reducetheenergyconsumptionoftheairconditioningandventilationsystematthestation③ mitigatetheimpactoftrainrunningnoiseandpistonwindonthe

station④ provideasafeandcomfortablewaitingenvironmentfor

passengers⑤ avoiddelaysinarrivalsanddeparturesduetoaccidentsatthe

station,⑥ improvetheserviceofrail

transport⑦ createthenecessaryconditionsfortherailtransportsystemtorealizeunmanneddrivingPart

3PassageTherearetwomaintypesofscreen

doors.Anothertypeissemi-enclosedslidingdoorsorstainlesssteelfencedoorsinstalledinaglasspartitionwallthatdoesnotreachtheceiling.Thescreendoorsareusually1.2to1.5mhigh,andtheaircancirculatethroughabovethescreendoors.Theyaremainlyforisolationtoensurethesafetyofpassengerswaitingfortrainsontheplatform,sotheyalsoknownassafety

doors.Thefirsttypeisfullyenclosedmovabledoorsinstalledinafloor-to-ceilingglasspartitionwall,whichissetalongtheedgeofthestationplatformandextendsallthewaytobothendsoftheplatform,separatingthepassengerwaitingareafromthetrainstoparea.Thistypeofscreendoorisgenerallyusedatunderground

stations.Part

3PassageUnderabnormalconditionssuchasinaccuratetrainstopposition,signalsystemfailure,signalinterruptionbetweensignalsystemandscreendoorsystem,andscreendoorsystemfailure,thedrivercanclosethescreendoorsthroughthecontrolboxattheplatformendtoachievestation-basedoperationofthescreen

doors.Whenallthescreendoorshavebeenclosed,butthesignalsystemstillcannotconfirmthatandthereforecannotsendthedeparturesignal,thetraindriverturnsonthekeyswitchinsidethecontrolboxattheendoftheplatformafterconfirmingthatthescreendoorsarefreeoftrappedpersonsandobjects,andusestheinterlockreleasepushbuttonswitchtoforciblyissuethetraindeparturesignaltoallowthetraintoleavethe

platform.Part

3Vocabulary1consumption [k?n's?mp?n]n.

消費(fèi)；消耗，消耗量2mitigate ['m?t?ɡe?t]v.

減輕；緩和3circulate ['s??kj?le?t]v.

循環(huán)；環(huán)流；傳播；傳閱；流傳；傳遞；傳送4inaccurate [?n'?kj?r?t]adj.

不準(zhǔn)確的；不精確的5interruption [?nt?'r?p?n]n.中斷；打擾；中斷時(shí)間；插嘴；打岔Part

3Notes信號(hào)系統(tǒng)故障能源消耗屏蔽門系統(tǒng)發(fā)車信號(hào)signalsystem

failureenergyconsumptionscreendoorsystemdeparture

signalPart3 Reference

Translation列車停位不準(zhǔn)確、信號(hào)系統(tǒng)故障、信號(hào)系統(tǒng)與屏蔽門系統(tǒng)信號(hào)中斷、屏蔽門系統(tǒng)故障等非正常情況下，司機(jī)可通過站臺(tái)端頭控制盒開關(guān)屏蔽門體，實(shí)現(xiàn)屏蔽門的站臺(tái)操作。Underabnormalconditionssuchasinaccuratetrainstopposition,signalsystemfailure,signalinterruptionbetweensignalsystemandscreendoorsystem,andscreendoorsystemfailure,thedrivercanclosethescreendoorsthroughthecontrolboxattheplatformendtoachievestation-basedoperationofthescreen

doors.Part

4ATP

TechnologyPart

4PassageTheATP(AutomaticTrainProtection)subsystemisasafetycontrolsystemthatensurestrainsdonotrunfasterthantheirtarget

speeds.ItisasubsystemoftheAutomaticTrainControl(ATC)systemandisthekeydevice

forensuringthesaferunningoftrainsandforachievingprotectionagainst

over-speed.ATP

systemPart

4PassageWhendetectingthatthetrainoccupiesthetracksection,ittransmitsdatainformation

suchas“targetspeed”or“targetdistance”tothe

train.TheonboardATPequipmentreceivesandinterpretsthe“speedcommand”andother

datainformation,combinesthemwiththeactualspeed,brakingrate,wheelwearcompensationandotherrelevantconditionstoachieveoverspeedprotectioncontrol,andworkswiththe

AutomaticTrainOperation(ATO)subsystemtoachieveautomaticadjustmentofthetrain

speed.Whenthetrainreachesthestopposition,theATPsubsystemtransmitsinformationabouttheopeningandclosingofthetraindoorstothetrainviathetracksideequipmenttocontroltheopeningandclosingofthetrain

doors.Part

4PassageTheATPsubsystemsmainly

include：（1）the“speedcode”systemofaudiouninsulatedtrackcircuit（2）the“targetspeed”systemofdigitallyencodedtrack

circuit（3）the“targetdistance”systemofdigitalmessagetrack

circuit（4）thesingle-tracktransportation

systemPart

3Vocabulary1ensure [?n'???(r)]2departure [d?'pɑ?t??(r)]3isolation [a?s?'le??n]4interlock [?nt?'l?k]5occupancy ['?kj?p?nsi]v.

確保；保證；擔(dān)保n.

離開；出發(fā)；背離；起程n.

隔離；隔離狀態(tài)；孤獨(dú)；孤立狀態(tài)v.

扣緊；（使）連鎖； n.

聯(lián)動(dòng)；聯(lián)鎖；互鎖n.（房屋、土地等的）占用，使用，居住Part

4Notes通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)列車自動(dòng)保護(hù)列車自動(dòng)控制速度傳感器列車自動(dòng)運(yùn)行ventilationsystemautomatictrainprotectionautomatictraincontrolspeedsensorautomatictrainoperationPart

4Reference

TranslationATP子系統(tǒng)主要有:音頻無絕緣軌道電路的“速度碼”制式；數(shù)字編碼軌道電路的“目標(biāo)速度”制式；數(shù)字報(bào)文式軌道電路的“目標(biāo)距離”制式；不設(shè)鋼軌的獨(dú)軌交通系統(tǒng)，通過專用的交叉感應(yīng)環(huán)線來傳送ATP信息。TheATPsubsystemsmainlyincludethe“speedcode”systemofaudio

uninsulatedtrackcircuit,the“targetspeed”systemofdigitallyencodedtrackcircuit,the“targetdistance”systemofdigitalmessagetrackcircuit,andthesingle-tracktransportationsystemthattransmitsATPinformationthroughadedicatedcross-sensing

loop.Thanks！《軌道交通智能控制技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》（中英雙語）Unit

5KeyComponentsofRailTransitControlPart

1Part

2C

o

n

t

e

n

t

sPantographTraction

ConverterBatteryandBattery

ChargeBrake

UnitPart

3Part

4Part1PantographPart

1Passagepantographsdouble-arm

pantographssingle-armpantographsDouble-armpantographshaveasymmetricalstructureandgoodlateralstability,buttheirstructureiscomplexandmaintenancecostsare

high.Single-armpantographsaresimpleinstructure,smallinsize,lightinweightandhavegoodfollowingcharacteristicsandthereforepossessverygoodcurrent-receivingcharacteristics.Forthisreason,theyarewidelyusedinelectricmultipleunitsandmetro

projects.Part1 PassageTherearemanypantographsystemmanufacturers,sotheremaybesomedifferencesindesign,butthemainstructuresaresimilar,mainlyconsistingofabaseframewithsupportinginsulators,anairbellows-typepantographliftingdevice,aframe,apantographbow,apantographcontrolunitandother

devices.Overviewof

pantographPart1 PassageThesmoothnessoftheloadcurrentflowingbetweenthepantographcollectorheadandtheoverheadlinesiscalledcurrent-receivingquality.Itdependsontheinteractionbetweenthepantographandtheoverhead

lines.Toensurethatacertainamountofloadcurrentcanflow,theremustbeacertainamountofcontactpressurebetweenthepantographandtheoverheadlines.Theverticalforceexertedonthecollectorheadbythepantographliftingsystemtobringitupwardsisthestaticcontact

pressure.Thedifferentstiffinessesofthepointsalongtheoverheadlinescausetheoverheadlinestorisetodifferentextentswhensubjectedtothecontactpressureofthepantograph,thuscausingthepantographtovibrateupanddownduringlocomotiverunning.Asaresult,thepantographisadditionallysubjectedtoadynamiccontactpressurethatisinfluencedbyitsownequivalentmassandstiffnessofoverhead

lines.Part1 PassageDuringrunning,theairflowcreatesanaerodynamicforceonthepantographthatincreasesrapidlyalongwiththerunningspeed,causingthecontactpressuretoincrease.Iftheresultantforceoftheabove-mentionedthreeforcesistoosmall,itisnotgoodforthecurrent-receivingquality,butifitistoolarge,itincreasesthewearonthecontactlinesaswellasonthecontactplatesofthecollector

head.Toensurethatthepantographhasareliablecurrent-receivingquality,theequivalentmassofthepantographandthemassofthecollectorheadshouldbeminimized,especiallyathighrunningspeeds.Theuseofrubberelementsanddampingdevicescanreducethevibrationofframeandcollectorheadandsuppressthevariationamplitudeofdynamiccontactpressure.Theuseofappropriateframestructurecanimprovethecurrent-receivingmassofthe

pantograph.Part

1Vocabulary1damper [‘d?mp?(r)]2transfer [tr?ns'f??(r)]3symmetrical [s?'metr?kl]adj.

對(duì)稱的4insulator ['?nsjule?t?(r)]n.

隔熱（或絕緣、隔音等的）材料n.

阻尼器，風(fēng)門，擋板v.

轉(zhuǎn)移（感情）；（使）搬遷（使）調(diào)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)職；轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)Part

1Vocabulary5lateral ['l?t?r?l]adj.

側(cè)面的；橫向的；向側(cè)面移動(dòng)的6aerodynamic [e?r??da?‘n?m?k]adj.

空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的；符合空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)原理的Part

1Notes平衡桿升弓彈簧單臂受電弓接觸壓力balancerodventilationsysteminteriorequipmentcontactpressurePart

1Reference

Translation現(xiàn)代高速鐵路絕大多數(shù)都采用電力牽引方式，通過受電弓從接觸網(wǎng)上集取電流，并將其通過車頂母線傳遞到車內(nèi)供車輛使用。受電弓按結(jié)構(gòu)可分為雙臂受電弓和單臂受電弓。Mostmodernhigh-speedrailwaysadoptanelectrictractionmode,inwhichapantographisusedtoobtaincurrentfromtheoverheadlinesandtransferittothetrainthroughtheroof

bus.Accordingtostructure,pantographscanbecategorizedasdouble-armpantographsandsingle-arm

pantographs.Part

2Traction

ConverterPart2 PassageThetraction

converterMostcountriesintheworldcurrentlyuseAC—DC—ACpowerdrivesystemsfor

theirelectricmultiple

units.afour-quadrant

converteranintermediateDCcircuitan

inverterItcontrolstheenergytransmissionbetweenthetractiontransformerandthetractionmotor,withtheultimateaimofcontrollingthetractionmotortoobtainthedesiredtorqueand

speed.Part

2Passage1.Four-quadrantrectifierunitThroughPWMcontroloftheswitchingelementIGBTinthefour-quadrantrectifierunit,the1450V/50HzACvoltagefromthesecondarysidewindingofthetransformerisrectifiedtoa2800VDC

voltage.Throughthepulsewidthandtwo-bitcontrol,theamplitudeoftheintermediateDCvoltageandthewaveformandphaseoftheACintroducedintothetractionrectifierarecontrolled,sothatthewaveformoftheACisclosetothesine,andthephasedifferencebetweenfundamentalwavevoltageandfundamentalwavecurrentattheACsideiscloseto

0.Inthisway,theharmoniccomponentscanbesuppressedandthepowerfactorofthetraincanbeimproved.Part

2PassageIntermediateDC

circuitTheintermediateDCcircuitistheintermediatelinkbetweenthefour-quadrantrectifierunitandthemotor-sideinverterunit.TheintermediateDCcircuitconsistsofanintermediatevoltagesupportcapacitor,atransientover-voltagelimitingcircuitandamaingroundprotection

circuit.Thefilteringcapacitoroftheintermediatesupportcapacitorassemblyreduces

thepulsationoftheintermediateDCvoltageandmakesitmorestable.Thegroundcapacitor,inadditiontoitsfiltercapacitorfunction,canalsoprovideaneutraldetectionpointforgroundprotectionforthemain

circuit.Theinstantaneousover-voltagelimitingcircuitconsistsofanIGBTandacurrentlimitingresistor.Part2 Passage(3)Themaingroundprotectioncircuitconsistsoftwoseriescapacitorsconnectedacrosstheintermediatecircuitandangroundsignal

sensor.3.Inverter

unitTheinvertercircuitismadeupofU,VandWthree-phaseinverter

units.TheDCoutputfromthePWMrectifierunitisconvertedintoaACtodrivethe

tractionmotor.Thetorqueandspeedofthetractionmotorarecontrolledbyvaryingtheoutput

voltageandoutputfrequencyoftheinvertercircuittoimprovetheanti-idlingcapabilityofthe

train.Part

2Vocabulary1voltage ['v??lt?d?]2inverter [?n'v??t?]3torque [t??k]4capacitor [k?'p?s?t?(r)]5rectifier [r?kt?fa??]n.

電壓；伏特?cái)?shù)n.

變換器；逆變器；換流器n.扭矩；（使機(jī)器等旋轉(zhuǎn)的）轉(zhuǎn)矩n.

電容器n.

整流器Part

2Notes牽引變壓器四象限變流器中間直流電路瞬時(shí)過電壓限制電路tractiontransformerfour-quadrant

converterintermediateDCcircuittransientover-voltagelimiting

circuitPart

2Reference

Translation牽引變流器主要由四象限變流器、中間直流回路和逆變器組成，其控制著牽引變壓器和牽引電動(dòng)機(jī)之間的能量傳輸，最終目的是控制牽引電動(dòng)機(jī)以獲得所期望的轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速。Thetractionconverterconsistsmainlyofafour-quadrantconverter,anintermediateDCcircuitandaninverter.Itcontrolstheenergytransmissionbetweenthetractiontransformerandthetractionmotor,withtheultimateaimofcontrollingthetractionmotortoobtainthedesiredtorqueand

speed.Part

3Battery

ChargePart

3Passage1.Battery

chargerThebatterychargerconvertsthree-phaseAC440VpowertoDC110Vpowertodrivethetrainandchargethebattery.Itconsistsofmultiplesetsofindependenthigh-frequencyswitchingpowersupplychargingmodules.AnotherfunctionofthechargeristochangetheDC110V

powersupplyonthelocomotiveintoDC24Vpowersupplytoprovidepowerforemergencylights,instrumentsandotherequipment.Theinternalelectricalstructureofthe

chargerPart

3Passage2.

BatteryThebatterypackisusedasanauxiliarypowersupplyfortheDCpowersupplyonthe

railtrain.Beforethepantographisraisedorwhenthebatterychargerfails,theDCpowersupplyisprovidedforactivationofthedriver’sconsoleorforemergencypowerconsumption.Afterthepantographisraised,italsoactsasafilterelementoftheregulatedpowersupply.Atthistime,thebatteryisinafloating-charge

state.Existingbatteriesmainlyincludelead-acidbatteries,nickel-cadmiumbatteriesandlithium-ionbatteries,etc.,whiletheauxiliarybatteriesforrailtrainsmainlyincludelead-acidbatteriesandalkalinenickel-cadmium

batteries.Part3 PassageForalongtime,nickel-cadmiumbatterieshaveboastedcharacteristicssuchashigh-currentdischarge,strongover-chargeandover-dischargeresistance,andsimplemaintenance,butduetoitsmemoryeffect,lowenergydensity,heavymetalsthatcauseenvironmentalpollution,andotherfactors,theirsustainabledevelopmentis

restricted.Valveregulatedleadacid(VRLA)batteryhasbecomethemainstreamproductforrailtransittrainsduetoitssmallsize,lightweight,goodsealing,noleakage,nopollution,gooddischargeperformance,lowmaintenanceandother

characteristics.AsanimportantpillarindustryinChina’srailtransitequipmentfield,thehigh-speed

trainandurbanrailtransitequipmentindustrywillthrivealongwiththe“BeltandRoad

Initiative”,whichwillfullydrivethesynergisticdevelopmentoflithium-ionbatteriesandadvancethenewenergyrevolutionunderthe“DoubleCarbon”

targets.Part

3Vocabulary1battery ['b?tri]n.

電池；一系列2convert [k?n'v??t]v.

轉(zhuǎn)換；（使）轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)化；可轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?；可變換成3charge [t?ɑ?d?]v.（商品和服務(wù)所需的）要價(jià)，收費(fèi)；指控；控告4multiple ['m?lt?pl)]adj.

數(shù)量多的；多種多樣的5pillar ['p?l?(r)]n.

支柱；柱子；富有某種素質(zhì)的人核心，基礎(chǔ)，支柱Part

3Notes三相交流電鉛酸電池鎳鎘電池鋰離子電池控制回路three-phaseAClead-acid

batteriesnickel-cadmiumbatterieslithium-ionbatteriescontrol

circuitPart

3Reference

Translation現(xiàn)有的蓄電池主要包括鉛酸電池、鎳鎘電池和鋰離子電池等，而用于軌道交通車輛的輔助蓄電池主要有鉛酸電池和堿性鎳鎘電池。Existingbatteriesmainlyincludelead-acidbatteries,nickel-cadmiumbatteriesandlithium-ionbatteries,etc.,whiletheauxiliarybatteriesforrailtrainsmainlyincludelead-acidbatteriesandalkalinenickel-cadmium

batteries.Part

4Brake

UnitPart4 PassageThemainbrakesystemsusedbyurbanrailtrainsareairbrakesystemandhydraulicbrakesystem.1.Air

brakeAirbrakeisalsoknownasmechanicalbrakeorfriction

brake.Thecommonairbrakemodesusedbyurbanrailtrainsareshoebrakeanddisc

brake.Airbrakeismainlypoweredbycompressedair,whichissuppliedbytheair

supplysystemofthetrain.Theairbrakesystemforrailtrainsconsistsofanairsourcesystem,an

electro-pneumaticbrake,foundationbrakerigging,anairanti-slipdeviceandabrakecontrol

unit.Part

4PassageAirbrakesystemTheairsourcesystemprovidesthetrainbrakingsystemandpneumaticequipmentwithstableandcleancompressedair.Itconsistsmainlyofaircompressor,airdesiccant,pressurecontroldevice,mainairreservoirand

piping.Part4 PassageThemaincomponentsoftheelectro-pneumaticbrake：includeautomatic

brakecontroller,individualbrakecontroller,conductor’svalve,brakebuttonandpressuregageinthedriver’scompartment,aswellasbrakelogiccontrolunit,electro-pneumaticvalve,relayvalve,distributionvalve,emergencyvalve,electricbleedingvalve,pressureswitchandchangeovervalveinthemachine

room.Thefoundationbrakerigging：isamechanicaldeviceconsistingoflevers,tierods,brakeframesandothercomponentsbetweenthepushrodofbrakecylinderpistonrodandthebrakeshoesofthe

wheels.Theairanti-slipdevice：isafastandeffectiveautomaticprotectionsystemagainst

sliding.Itconsistsmainlyofspeedmeasuringgear,speedsensor,anti-slipbleedingvalveandanti-slipdevice.Part4 PassageThebrakecontrolunitisthecorecomponentoftheairbrake.Itreceivescommandsfromtheelectronicbrakecontrolunit(EBCU)andtheninstructsthebrakeactuatortoactuate.Itscomponentsareanalogchange-overvalve,emergencyvalve,weighingvalveandequalizingvalve,

etc.Therearethreemaincategoriesofairbrake:straight-throughairbrake,automaticair

brakeandstraight-throughautomaticair

brake.2.Hydraulic

brakeIntermsofrailtransit,t