課件英語選擇性必修四Unit2Usinglanguage

Unit2LessonsinlifeUsinglanguageReview:passivevoiceBYMICHELLEGrammar01A:Thebirdiseatingworms.B:Howcanyouchangethesentenceintopassivevoice?A:Worms_______________bythebird!Lookatthedialogueandcompletethesentences.arebeingeatenLookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandmatchthemtothereasonswhythepassivevoiceisused.aOndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevereillness,…b…TuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,…cAboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!1

Thesubjectisnotknown,isunimportant,oris“peopleingeneral”and

canbeomitted.2Thefocusofthesentenceisontherecipientoftheaction,notonthe

subjectofthesentence.3Thesubjectgoeswithlengthyexpressionsthatarebetterputattheend.cabNowlookformoresentenceswiththepassivevoiceinthereadingpassageandtalkaboutwhyitisused.Afterfinishingit,IfeelIhavebeengivenadeeperinsightintotheworldandcanseethingsfromadifferentpointofview.ReadingthisbookmademefeelasifI’dbeenwokenupfromalongsleepandfinallyopenedmyeyestotheworld!Whileweareliving,wetendtogetdistractedbyunimportantthings,suchasgatheringmaterialpossessions.ThebookmademestopandthinkabouthowmuchIaminfluencedbypopularcultureandtheimportanceofcreatingmyownvaluesbasedonloveandopencommunication.被動語態(tài)英語中的語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。以下幾種情況常用被動語態(tài)：1)不知道或沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者；2)為了強調(diào)動作的承受者；3)主語有較長的修飾語時；4)通知、公告，新聞報道和科技報道等。常見的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成1.一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+done

Thebooksarefoundinthebag.Acapisputinthebag.2.一般過去時：was/were+doneHewasnothappybecausehewaspunishedbyhisparents.3.一般將來時：will/begoingto+be+doneThecarswillbesentabroadbysea.Anewbridgeisgoingtobebuiltovertheriver.4.過去將來時：wouldbe+doneHeknewhewouldbepunishedforit.常見的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成5.現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+done

Theclothesarebeingwashed.6.過去進行時：was/were+being+doneTheytoldmethatthecasewasbeinginvestigated.7.現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has+been+doneHishomeworkhasnotbeenfinished.8.過去完成時：had+been+doneWhenIcamein,theticketshadbeensoldout.9.含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+doneYourhomeworkmustbehandedinafterclass.☆被動語態(tài)除用“be+及物動詞-ed形式”構(gòu)成外，還可用“get+及物動詞-ed形式”結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的可與get連用的過去分詞有broken,burned,caught,drowned,drunk,fired,hurt,wounded,lost等。Igotbadlyburnedbythesunyesterday.Thebooksseemtohavegotlost.☆英語中有些不及物動詞可以表示被動意義。1.某些連系動詞，如smell,taste,sound,become,feel,seem等。Theflowerssmellsweet.Theseorangestastegood.2.某些可以和well,easily等副詞連用的不及物動詞，如write,read,wash,clean,draw,burn,cook等。Mynewpenwriteswell.Thisfloorcleanseasily.3.某些與can’t,won’t等連用的不及物動詞，如move,lock,shut,open等。Thestonecan’tmove.Thedoorwon’tshut.☆某些及物動詞和短語動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，如cost,lack,fit,own,wish,belongto等。Thetripwillcostyou$1,000.(√)Youwillbecost$1,000bythetrip.(×)JohnSmithalwayslacksconfidence.(√)ConfidenceisalwayslackedbyJohnSmith.(×)☆含雙賓語的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，兩個賓語均可作被動語態(tài)中的主語。如果把主動句中的直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，則需在間接賓語(指人)前加適當?shù)慕樵~to或for。常接to的動詞有g(shù)ive,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；常接for的動詞有buy,get等。SomebodygaveGinaapresentyesterday.→Ginawasgivenapresentyesterday.→ApresentwasgiventoGinayesterday.Rewritetheparagraphusingthepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Sinceancienttimes,storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom.OneimportantearlyworkthatdidsowasAesop’sFables,acollectionofstoriesthathistorycreditstoAesop,aGreekstoryteller.PeoplebelievethathelivedinAncientGreecebetween620BCand564BC.Mostofthecharactersinhisstoriesareanimals,thequalitiesofwhichAesopusedtoreflecthuman

traitsandwisdom.EachfableteachesalifelessonthatAesopsummarisesinashortphraseattheendofthestory,calledamoral.Today,childrenandadultsallaroundtheworldstillenjoyAesop’sFables.Thesubjectisunimportantandcanbeomitted.Thesubjectis“peopleingeneral”andcanbeomitted.Thefocusofthesentencesisontherecipientoftheaction,notonthesubjectofthesentence.Thesubjectgoeswithlengthyexpressions.Sinceancienttimes,storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom.OneimportantearlyworkthatdidsowasAesop’sFables,acollectionofstoriesthatiscreditedtoAesop,aGreekstoryteller.ItisbelievedthatAesoplivedinAncientGreecebetween620BCand564BC.Mostofthecharactersinhisstoriesareanimals,thequalitiesofwhichwereusedtoreflecthumantraitsandwisdombyAesop.Eachfableteachesalifelessonthatissummarisedinashortphraseattheendofthestory,calledamoral.Today,Aesop’sFablesisstillenjoyedbychildrenandadultsallaroundtheworld.LookatthepicturesandwritethestoryfromAesop’sFables.Usethepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Alittlemousewascaughtbyalion.Themousewaslettogo.Thelionwastrappedbyanet.Thelionwassavedbythemouse.Onedayalittlemousewascaughtbyalion.Thelionwantedtoeatthemouse,butthemousesaidthathewouldhelpthelionsomeday,ifhewaslettogo.Thelionthought,“Howcanagreatanimalbehelpedbyalittleanimal?”Butthemousewasallowedtoleave.Severaldayslater,thelionwascaughtbyahunter’snet.Themousebitthenetwithhisstrongteethandhelpedthelionout.Thankstothelittlemouse,thelionwassavedandfinallyadmittedthatthestrongcouldsometimesbehelpedbytheweak.Telleachotheranotherfableyouknowandthelessonyouhavelearntfromit.Usethepassivevoicewhereappropriate.TherewasonceayoungShepherdBoywhotendedhissheepatthefootofamountainnearadarkforest.Itwasratherlonelyforhimallday,sohethoughtuponaplanbywhichhecouldgetalittlecompanyandsomeexcitement.Herusheddowntowardsthevillagecallingout“Wolf,Wolf,”andthevillagerscameouttomeethim,andsomeofthemstoppedwithhimforaconsiderabletime.Thispleasedtheboysomuchthatafewdaysafterwardshetriedthesametrick,andagainthevillagerscametohishelp.ButshortlyafterthisaWolfactuallydidcomeoutfromtheforest,andbegantoworrythesheep,andtheboyofcoursecriedout“Wolf,Wolf,”stilllouderthanbefore.Butthistimethevillagers,whohadbeenfooledtwicebefore,thoughttheboywasagaindeceivingthem,andnobodystirredtocometohishelp.SotheWolfmadeagoodmealofftheboy’sflock,andwhentheboycomplained,thewisemanofthevillagesaid:“Aliarwillnotbebelieved,evenwhenhespeaksthetruth.”VocabularyBuilding02ProverbsaboutlifeListenandcompletetheconversations.1A:ProfessorBrown,here’smytermpaper.Sorryforthedelay.B:That’sOK.

______________________,right？2A:Mathsisreallykillingme!I’mthinkingofgivingitup.B:___________________.You’llnevergetyourdreamjobasamarketanalystifyoudon’tsticktoit.3A:Ifyouwanttolooseweight,youneedtostopeatingjunkfood,andyouneedtostartexercising.B:OK.I’llstarttomorrow…maybe.A:Today.Nottomorrow.________________________________________________________.BetterlatethanneverNopain,nogainNeverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday5A:Withmybrother’shelp,Ifinallycompletedmybiologyproject!B:Congratulations.

_____________________________.6A:IheardthatMaryisgoingtoinvestallhermoneyinthisprogramme.B:That’snotwise.Aspeopleusuallysay“_________________________________________________”.I’lltalktoherassoonaspossible.4A:I’mgladyoufinallygothere.B:Mycarhadaflattyreontheway.Anyway,____________________.All’swellthatendswellTwoheadsarebetterthanoneDon’tputallofyoureggsinonebasketMatchtheproverbsinActivity5totheirmeaning.1_________________:youmustfacechallengesinordertobesuccessful.2___________________________:itiseasiertoachievesomethingifyoucooperatewithsomeoneelse.3___________________:doingsomethinglateisbetterthannotdoingitatall.4______________________________________________:youshouldstartthingsearlierratherthanlater.5__________________________________:donotputallyoureffortsorresourcesintodoingonething.6_______________________:problemsdon’tmatterifthefinalresultisgood.Nopain,nogain.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.Betterlatethanever.Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.Don’tputallofyoureggsinonebasket.All’swellthatendswell.Thinkofotherproverbsaboutlife.CanyoufindChineseproverbswithsimilarmeanings?Constantdroppingwearsthestone.滴水穿石。Ifathingisworthdoingitisworthdoingwell.如果事情值得做，就值得做好。Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.無熱情成就不了偉業(yè)。Aboldattemptishalfsuccess.勇敢的嘗試是成功的一半。Goodadviceisbeyondallprice.忠告是無價寶。Painpastispleasure.過去的痛苦就是快樂。Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.風(fēng)暴使樹木深深扎根。Theshortestanswerisdoing.最簡單的回答就是干。Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事必先難后易?！痉艞壨稒C取巧的幻想?！縂oodcompanyontheroadistheshortestcut.行路有良伴就是捷徑。Thinkofothersituationstowhichtheseproverbscanbeapplied.Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday:Mymotheroftentellmetosweepthefloor.AndIcouldfindexcusetoputitoffuntilthenextday.NowIknowthatsaying“Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday”,andIwon’tletithappenagain.Twoheadsarebetterthanone:Inmyfamily,weoftendiscussproblemstogetherfromdailyissuestoheatedly-discussedtopicsinthesociety.Wethinkthat“Twoheadsarebetterthanone”.Listening&Speaking03??Listentotheinterviewandchoosethebestheadline.1UniversityFeesAreNoBarriertoGrandma!2DreamComesTrueforGraduatingGrandma3JanetSays:“Familyfirst!That’swhatmatters!”4HowtheStudentExperienceHasChangedwiththeCenturies??Listenagainandcompletethenotes.InterviewwithJanetRoseAge:

1______Firstattendeduniversityin:

2__________________Reasonforleavinguniversity:3____________________________________________________________Reasonforgoingbacktouniversity:4____________________________________________________________________________________________Initialfeelingsonreturningtouniversity:5____________________________________________________________Universitymajor:

6__________________Feelingsongraduation:7_________________________________________Advicetoothers:

8______________________________________________Future