黑龍江省大慶市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2023-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期2月開學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（含解析）

黑龍江省大慶市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2023-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期2月開學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。TheFrenchWoodsMusicCampisoneofthefinestnon-competitive,comprehensivesummercampsintheUnitedStates.Kidswhoareenthusiasticaboutmusic（agedfrom7to17yearsold）aregiveninstructiononalllevelsandperforminensembles（合唱）basedontheirage,abilityandschedule.WorkingconductorsandmusiciansareattheheartoftheprofessionalfacultyfortheSummerMusicCampatFrenchWoods.Thecounselorstaffconsistsofmusicstudentsandyoungmusicprofessionals.Unlikeothermusiccamps,FrenchWoodsdoesn'trequirecamperstoaudition（試聽(tīng)）beforethesummer.StudentsatallskilllevelsarewelcometoFrenchWoodsandwillgainfromthesummerexperience.Bothgroupandindividualprivatelessonsareavailablefromthestaffforallorchestralinstruments,piano,drums,voiceandguitar.FrenchWoodsencouragesacooperativeenvironmentbetweenmusiccampers.Withthisspirit,FrenchWoods'classicalsymphonyisabletoperformaconcertwithintwoweeksfromthestartofcamp.Otheryouthorchestrasnormallytakemonthstobereadytoperform.Besidesouryouthsymphonywehaveconcertbands,ajazzprogram,andagreatrockandrollcamp.TheRock&RollCamphasfiverehearsalstudiosanda36-trackprofessionalrecordingstudio.Insteadofjustdoingcoversofothergroups,thebandsatFrenchWoodsareencouragedtocreatetheirownsongs.MostrockcampersleavewithaprofessionallevelCDoftheirworkforthesummer.Thesummerisn'tjustaboutmusic.Thecampershaveplentyoftimeeachdaytotrytheotheractivitiesatthecamplikewatersports,skateboarding,horsebackridingandthetheatercamp.Pleasegiveusacall（800634-1703）toarrangeavisittothecampgroundsortotalktothecampexecutivestaff.1．Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchWoodsMusicCampisintendedfor____.A．specialmusicstudents B．musiclovingchildrenC．privatemusicteachers D．youngmusicprofessionals2．Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchWoodsMusicCamp____.A．givescamperstryoutsbeforethesummerB．inspirescamperstobecreativeincomposingmusicC．takesafewmonthstoperformaclassicalsymphonyD．focusesmainlyonorganizingvarioussportsandgames3．Whatisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A．Atravelguide. B．Anewsreport.C．Anadvertisingbrochure. D．Acourseplan.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Howdoyoukillyourtimewhenyougotowork?Mostofusstareatourcellphones,andrefusetomakeeyecontactwithothers.Wejustread,chatwithothersonlineorplaygamesonline.Ormaybewe'reusingthetimebetweenstopstodoourmake-up,catchuponemails,orreadafewchaptersofabook.However,DinaAlfasitakesaverydifferentapproach.EachdayshehastotravelhoursonbusesandtrainstogettoherengineeringjobatahospitalinIsrael.Ratherthanlookathercellphoneinsilence,sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnectionwithstrangers.Itisportraitsofthepeopleshemeetsonpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.Thephotographscatchthosequietandpersonalmomentsofpeoplereadyingthemselvesforthedayahead.Somepeopleleantheirheadsagainstthewindowandgotosleep,somestareintospaceandhaveadaydream,andotherssitquietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.Eachpicturecapturesonetinymomentinpeople'slives,ripewithpotentialforyourimagination.Itiswonderfulforhertolookatsomeone'scommute(上下班)andmakeupanentirestoryabouttherestoftheirdailyexistence,fromthefathertravellingwithababytothewomanwelcomingachange."Whatinspiresmeverymucharethelittlemomentsthathappeneveryday,"DinatoldMyModernMet."Myworkistotellstoriesthroughasingleportrait,anditprovesthatallyouneedisjusttolookaroundandfindthosemagicmoments."4．Whatwillmostpeopledowhengoingtowork?A．Chatwithothersfacetoface.B．Enjoyreadingabookloudly.C．Focusontheircellphones.D．Makeeyecontactwithothers.5．WhatmakesDinaAlfasispecial?A．Drawingpeoplewhengoingtowork.B．Leaningagainstthewindowandsleeping.C．Enjoyingquiettimeandhavingadaydream.D．Lookingathercellphonetoenjoypicturesshedraws.6．WhichwordcanbestdescribeDinaAlfasi'scharacter?A．Helpful. B．Careful. C．Selfless. D．Considerate.7．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．LittlemomentsmakeDinaspecial.B．Cellphonesareusedtotakespecialportraits.C．Peoplegotoworkwithdifferentwaystokilltime.D．Dinatakesportraitsofotherswhencommuting.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Bottlenosedolphinssimplifyandraisethepitch(音高)oftheirwhistlestobeheardaboveunderwatershippingnoise.ChristopherIntagliatareports.Theoceansaregettinglouder.Andcoastalareasaresomeofthenoisiest,asinthisunderwaterrecording,covering17milesoffthecoastofOceanCity,Maryland.Thenoisecouldbeaproblemforunderwateranimals,which,likeus,usesoundtocommunicate.“Justlikeifwe'reinaraucousbar,wehavetoshouttoeachother.Andtheymighthavetodothattoo.”HelenBaileyisanunderwaterbiologistattheUniversityofMarylandCenterforEnvironmentalScience.Sheandhercolleaguesrecordedtwomonthsofunderwatersounds,inthatsameareaoffthecoastofMaryland.Theyusedautomatedsoftwaretotakeout200bottlenosedolphinwhistlesfromthenoise,andvisuallycomparedthespectrograms(聲譜圖).Here'sanormalwhistle.Butwhattheyfoundwasthatdolphinssimplifiedtheirwhistlesandraisedtheirpitchwhentheywerecompetingwithshippingnoise,whichapparentlyhelps,butcouldalsohurttheirabilitytocommunicate.“Byusingsimplercalls,yes,thereisariskthatthey'renotcommunicatingasmuchin-formationastheywouldifitwasquieter.Alsoforyoungerdolphinstheyactuallylearnthesesoundsfromhearingotherdolphins.Sothey'rehearingthismuchsimplerlanguage.”TheresultsandafewofthosespectrogramsareinthejournalBiologyLetters.Thesurveysiteistheproposedfuturehomeofawindfarm-whichcouldmeanlotsofnoiseasthehugetowersaresetup.Untilthen,it'sthelong-lastingroarofshipsandboatsthatBaileywantspeopletothinkaboutcarefully.“Ithinkpeoplethinkaboutboatsintermsoftheemissions(排放),justlikewithcars.AndIthinkwhatweneedtothinkaboutisthatsoundisalsoanemission.”8．Whenwillthebottlenosedolphinsraisetheirpitchaccordingtothetext?A．Whentheyhavetocompetewithshipnoise.B．Whentheywanttocatchmorefishinthesea.C．Whentheywanttosingloudsongswithothers.D．Whentheyfeelangrywiththeships.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“raucous”inparagraph3referto?A．Narrow. B．Noisy. C．Unique. D．Modern.10．Whatwillhappentothebottlenosedolphinsifthesituationcontinues?A．Morebottlenosedolphinswilllovetomakeloudnoise.B．Peoplewilllosethebottlenosedolphinsforever.C．Theywillhavetomakelongjourneysintheocean.D．Theywilllosetheabilitytoexpressmuchinformation.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowToProtectTheMarineMammals—BottlenoseDolphinsB．BottlenoseDolphinsRaiseTheTuneToHelpTheWindFarmC．BottlenoseDolphinsRaiseTheTuneToCommunicateWithShipsD．BottlenoseDolphinsMakeEasyCallsAboveUnderShipNoise閱讀理解Asweenjoythesummeroceanwavesalongthebeaches,wemaythinkaboutStevenSpielberg'sJawsandthegreatfearthatsharksinspireinus.Yetwearehappytoseeglobaleffortstoprotectthedecliningnumberofsharks.Theworldhasrealizedthatweneedthespecies,likesharks,tokeepabalancedecosystem.Sharks,inparticular,are"in"thesedays.Thankstogoodpublicpolicy,killingsharksforfinsoupisnolongercool.Thedemandforsharkfinshasbeenrisingfordecades,threateningsharkstodieout,upto100millionsharksarekilledeachyearjustfortheirfins.Butwehavestartedtoreversethetrend,particularlyinmanyareasoftheUnitedStatesandoverseaswhererestaurantsonceproudlyprovideddelicioussharkfinsonthemenu.InCalifornia,abanonthesaleandpossessionofsharkfinsouphasgoneintoeffectthisyearthroughtheeffortsofWildAidandotherorganizations.OverseasmarketingandpubliceffortsfeaturingpostersonpublictransportationsystemsandTVadshavebeenunderwayforthepastfewyears.Theseeffortsallshowsignsofsuccess,onboththesupplysideandthedemandsideoftradeinsharkfins.Actually,stoppingthekillingofsharksispartofabroadermovementtostopthekillingofwild019VUDITISanimalsandthebuyingandsellingofwildlifeproducts.Theseproductscomefromhuntingelephants,tigersandrhinos,besideskillingmarinelife.Whetheritissharkfinsouporivorypianokeyskillinganimalsisbigbusiness.Thus,togetherwithinternationalpartners,theUnitedStatesisleadingtheworldwideefforttoreducedemandforhigh-endproductsthatrelyonkillinganimals.12．What'sthemainreasonforkillingsharks?A．Sharkfinsareingreatneed.B．Killingsharksisagreatexperience.C．Sharksalwaysmakepeoplesoafraid.D．Sharksbreakthebalanceofecosystem.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reverse"inParagraph3mean?A．protect. B．maintain. C．increase. D．change.14．Whatmightbeabestwaytostopkillinganimalsaccordingtothepassage?A．Settingsomelargerareasasideforreserves.B．TransportingendangeredanimalstosafeplacesC．Stoppingsellingandpurchasinganimalsproducts.D．Promotingtheimportanceofanimalsinpublicmedia.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theprofitscomingfromsharks.B．Therealreasonforsharks'disappearance.C．Theeffortstoprotectsharks.D．Theimpactofthedecliningnumberofsharks.二、閱讀填空（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Astheworld'spopulationincreases,sodoestheneedforfood,especiallyfromanimalsources.Thisurgesustofindsustainablewaystofeedbillionsmorepeopleinthefuture16．Ithasagreatimpactonourhealthandenvironment.Manypeopleareskepticalaboutreducingmeatconsumption,buttherearemanybenefitsofadoptingplant-baseddiet17．Besides,itproducessignificantlyfewergreenhousegasesandrequireslesslandandwaterthananimals.Thishelpskeepecologicalbalanceandpromotesbetterlifequality.18．Thiskindofdietisnotusuallypreferredbypeoplewhoenjoythetasteofanimalmeat.Justliketheresistancesomepeoplehavetowardseatinginsects,theshifttoplant-baseddietalsorequiresgreatchangesinhowpeopleperceiveandenjoyfood.Thefutureofourfoodsupplywilldependheavilyonourwillingnesstoacceptmoresustainableeatinghabits.Optionslikelab-grownmatsarepromising.Yetwillthesefoodchoicesbecomecommoninoursupermarkets?19．Howwechoosetoeatinthecomingyearwillcontributetoensuringasustainablefutureforyouandme.20．Hopefully,wecanbalanceournutritionalneeds.withtheplanet'sabilitytosupportus,buildingaharmoniousrelationshipwithourenvironment.A.Suchdiethasbeentriedbymanypeople.B.Itremainstobeseenwhetherwecanmakeithappen.C.Itismorenutritiouscomparedwithanimal-basedfood.D.Muchdependsonhowsuchrestaurantstreatcustomers.E.However,adaptingtoplant-baseddietcanbechallenging.F.Ourchoicesdirectlyimpacttheecosystemandsocialwelfare.G.Apracticalsolutionisplant-baseddietincludingfruits,vegetablesandnuts.三、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）完形填空Edmondwasaschoolbusdriverfor22years.Onemorning,therainpouringdown,heandthebusmonitorValentinewerecalledto21．a(chǎn)studentwhomissedthebus.What22．themwasthatthestudentdidn'tturnupwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.EdmondandValentinedidn'texpecttheyhadalarger23．toachieve.Justaroundthecorner,theyfoundtwochildren24．intherushingfloodwaters.Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa25．toavoidbeingsweptaway.EdmondandValentinecouldn't26．tosavethem,butneithercouldswim.Jumpingintoactionmeantputtingtheirown27．ontheline.Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren,itwas28．withremovableseatbelts.Theygota(n)29．.Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto30．thechildren.Closebyneighborsadditionallygothereto31．,andthegroupmadecombinedeffortsto32．theboyandthegirlfromthetree.Theycreatedahumanchainand33．thetiedbeltsoutuntilEdmondgotafirmholdonthechildrenandpulledthemtosafety.Thetwochildrenwere34．ofEdmond,givinghimabighug.Surroundingthem,everyonepresentwasfilledwithhappiness,thoughwetallover.Thisgreatrescueoperationwentviralonsocialmediaanddrewpraisefortheir35．fromallquarters.21．A．lookafter B．sendfor C．pickup D．callon22．A．discouraged B．bored C．excited D．impressed23．A．dream B．goal C．success D．mission24．A．diving B．playing C．stuck D．prepared25．A．tree B．belt C．seat D．bus26．A．offer B．wait C．pretend D．long27．A．lives B．future C．jobs D．family28．A．covered B．decorated C．filled D．equipped29．A．suggestion B．idea C．belief D．conclusion30．A．lock B．search C．reach D．hang31．A．a(chǎn)ssist B．cheer C．respond D．watch32．A．protect B．tell C．free D．tear33．A．extended B．pushed C．threw D．kicked34．A．proud B．a(chǎn)ppreciative C．fond D．tired35．A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．description C．a(chǎn)ction D．fortune四、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheAncientCityofPingyao,originallynamed"GuTao",36．(construct)duringtheWesternZhouDynasty.Inordertodefendfrominvaders(入侵者),awallwasbuilt37．thecityin1370.Morethan300yearslater,gatetowerswerebuilt38．(celebrate)avisitbyKangxiEmperor.ThethreemosthistoricsitesinPingyao,oftenreferredtoasthecity'sThreeHistoricTreasures,39．(be)theancientbrick-madecitywallandtheZhenguoandShuanglintemples.Thefirstofthesehistorictreasures,theancientcitywallis6,163meterslongandseparatesthecityintotwoparts—anoldcityenclosedwithinthewalls40．thenewermodernsectionofthecity.Theoldtownstilllooksasit41．(do)duringtheQingDynasty,withantiquestreetsandbuildingsalong42．(age)roads.Walkingalongthealleyways,onecanappreciatethesymmetrical(對(duì)稱的)designofthecityand43．(it)stylishmanmade-cavehouses.Inthenortheastcornerofthecityisthesecondtreasure:ZhenguoTemple.ItsWanFoHallisthethirdoldestwoodenbuildinginChinaandhousesnumerous44．(value)paintedsculptures.ThethirdtreasureisShuanglinTemple.BuiltduringtheQiDynasty,thetempleboastsmorethan2,000paintedclaystatues45．werecreatedduringtheYuanandMingdynasties.五、書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）46．假定你是李華，你班上周舉行了主題為"經(jīng)典之旅"(ClassicJourney)的讀書分享活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你給外國(guó)朋友Eric寫一封郵件分享活動(dòng)經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容；2.你的感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearEric,……Yours,LiHua六、單詞填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)意思在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯并注意該詞匯在句中的正確形式。47．Wehadaheatedd(辯論)onwhetherornottoaccepttheoffer.48．Whentheoldmangotupsuddenly,hefelt(頭暈?zāi)垦５?.49．TuYouyou,agreatchemistandscientist,devotedmostofhertimetofindingthe（療法）formalaria.50．Thereisnog(一代)gapinmyfamily,becausewealwayscommunicatewithoneanotherhonestly.51．Thestudent'se(非凡的)effort,whichimpressedeveryone,ledtoherwinningthesciencefair.52．Itisshamelesstoblamethepeopleofaplacewhereavirusoaswellastonamethevirusafteracountryoracity.53．Onceinawhiletheinstructormakesaw（詼諧的，風(fēng)趣的）remark，causingothersintheclasstolaugh.54．Mymotherisverypaboutthekitchen—everythinghastobeperfectlycleanandinitsplace.55．Wewillexaminethewordingind(細(xì)節(jié))beforedecidingonthefinaltext.56．Inthewestern（省份）therearedifferentgeographicformations.57．Somepeoplewouldprefertostoptheuseofman-madechemicalsinagriculture(完全地).58．Lifeislikealongracewherewecwithotherstogobeyondourselves.59．It'sthatkindofcourageanddeterminationthatmakeshimsuchar（非凡的，不同尋常的）character60．Thegirlcameintothehouse,(carry)alotofbooks.61．TheGreatWallis(承認(rèn))tobeoneofthemostfamoussightsinChina.

答案解析部分1．B2．B3．C本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)介紹FrenchWoodsMusicCamp的特色、課程內(nèi)容、師資力量以及活動(dòng)安排等信息，旨在吸引對(duì)音樂(lè)有興趣的孩子及其家長(zhǎng)關(guān)注并考慮參與該夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)。

考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測(cè)或妄加猜測(cè)，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語(yǔ)境情感；邏輯推理分析。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"TheFrenchWoodsMusicCampisoneofthefinestnon-competitive,comprehensivesummercampsintheUnitedStates.Kidswhoareenthusiasticaboutmusic(agedfrom7to17yearsold)aregiveninstructiononalllevelsandperforminensembles(合唱)basedontheirage,abilityandschedule.(FrenchWoodsMusicCamp是美國(guó)最好的非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性、綜合性夏令營(yíng)之一。對(duì)音樂(lè)充滿熱情的孩子（7歲至17歲），根據(jù)他們的年齡、能力和時(shí)間安排，在各個(gè)層次上進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，并在合奏中表演。)"可知，F(xiàn)renchWoodsMusicCamp面向的是對(duì)音樂(lè)有熱情的孩子們，即愛(ài)好音樂(lè)的兒童。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段"Insteadofjustdoingcoversofothergroups,thebandsatFrenchWoodsareencouragedtocreatetheirownsongs.(FrenchWoods的樂(lè)隊(duì)被鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)作自己的歌曲，而不僅僅是翻唱其他樂(lè)隊(duì)的歌曲。)"可知，F(xiàn)renchWoods鼓勵(lì)營(yíng)員們創(chuàng)作自己的歌曲，即激勵(lì)營(yíng)員在作曲上具有創(chuàng)造性。故選B。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段"TheFrenchWoodsMusicCampisoneofthefinestnon-competitive,comprehensivesummercampsintheUnitedStates.Kidswhoareenthusiasticaboutmusic(agedfrom7to17yearsold)aregiveninstructiononalllevelsandperforminensembles(合唱)basedontheirage,abilityandschedule.(FrenchWoodsMusicCamp是美國(guó)最好的非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性、綜合性夏令營(yíng)之一。對(duì)音樂(lè)充滿熱情的孩子（7歲至17歲），根據(jù)他們的年齡、能力和時(shí)間安排，在各個(gè)層次上進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，并在合奏中表演。)"可知，文章介紹了FrenchWoodsMusicCamp的詳細(xì)情況，旨在吸引家長(zhǎng)和孩子報(bào)名參加，因此最有可能出自一份廣告宣傳冊(cè)。故選C。4．C5．A6．B7．D本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了大多數(shù)人喜歡在上下班的路上玩手機(jī)，而DinaAlfasi卻喜歡給別人畫肖像。

本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Mostofusstareatourcellphones,andrefusetomakeeyecontactwithothers."我們大多數(shù)人都盯著自己的手機(jī)，拒絕與他人進(jìn)行眼神交流?？芍谏习嗟穆飞?，大多數(shù)人會(huì)專注地看著自己的手機(jī)。故選C。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Ratherthanlookathercellphoneinsilence,sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnectionwithstrangers.Itisportraitsofthepeopleshemeetsonpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking."她沒(méi)有沉默地看手機(jī)，而是用一種非常特殊的方式與陌生人建立聯(lián)系。她給每天在公共交通上遇到的人畫肖像?？芍珼inaAlfasi的特別之處是在上班時(shí)畫人物肖像。故選A。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Whatinspiresmeverymucharethelittlemomentsthathappeneveryday"給我很大啟發(fā)的是每天發(fā)生的小時(shí)刻，可知，使DinaAlfasi產(chǎn)生靈感的是每天都在發(fā)生的那些細(xì)小的瞬間，即DinaAlfasi是一個(gè)細(xì)心的人。故選B。7．考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文講述了DinaAlfasi在上下班時(shí)，并不像大多數(shù)人一樣玩手機(jī)，而是給別人畫肖像的故事。故選D。8．A9．B10．D11．D本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了海洋的噪音導(dǎo)致寬吻海豚采用簡(jiǎn)化叫聲并提高音量的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行交流，以對(duì)抗船舶的噪音。本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段"Butwhattheyfoundwasthatdolphinssimplifiedtheirwhistlesandraisedtheirpitchwhentheywerecompetingwithshippingnoise,whichapparentlyhelps,butcouldalsohurttheirabilitytocommunicate.”但他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，海豚在與船運(yùn)噪音競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)簡(jiǎn)化了叫聲并提高了音調(diào)，這顯然有助于但也可能損害它們的溝通能力，可知，當(dāng)海豚不得不與船運(yùn)噪音競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)，它們會(huì)提高音調(diào)。故選A。9．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的"Justlikeifwe'reinaraucousbar,wehavetoshouttoeachother.Andtheymighthavetodothattoo.”就像如果我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)raucous酒吧里，我們不得不彼此大喊。它們可能也不得不這么做；以及常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)處于喧鬧的酒吧時(shí)，我們會(huì)不得不彼此大喊，以便于被聽(tīng)到?？赏浦瑒澗€單詞raucous表示"喧鬧的"，故選B。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的"Byusingsimplercalls,yes,thereisariskthatthey'renotcommunicatingasmuchinformationastheywouldifitwasquieter.Alsoforyoungerdolphinstheyactuallylearnthesesoundsfromhearingotherdolphins.Sothey'rehearingthismuchsimplerlanguage.”通過(guò)使用更簡(jiǎn)單的叫聲，是的，存在著這樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即它們的信息交流不如安靜時(shí)那么多。此外，對(duì)于年輕的海豚來(lái)說(shuō)，它們實(shí)際上是通過(guò)聽(tīng)其他海豚的聲音來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)這些聲音的。因此，它們正在聽(tīng)這種更簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言。可推知，如果海洋噪音的情況繼續(xù)惡化，那么海豚將使用更多簡(jiǎn)單的叫聲，年輕海豚能聽(tīng)到的聲音是更簡(jiǎn)單的，將逐漸失去表達(dá)復(fù)雜信息的能力。故選D。11．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的"Bottlenosedolphinssimplifyandraisethepitchoftheirwhistlestobeheardaboveunderwatershippingnoise.”寬吻海豚簡(jiǎn)化并提高其哨聲的音高，以便在水下運(yùn)輸噪音上方聽(tīng)到；以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了海洋的噪音導(dǎo)致寬吻海豚采用簡(jiǎn)化叫聲并提高音量的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行交流，以對(duì)抗船舶的噪音。"寬吻海豚在船只的噪音下發(fā)出簡(jiǎn)化的叫聲"可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。12．A13．D14．C15．C本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人們意識(shí)到了鯊魚對(duì)于保持生態(tài)平衡的重要性，并開始采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)日益減少的鯊魚。本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thedemandforsharkfinshasbeenrisingfordecades,threateningsharkstodieout,upto100millionsharksarekilledeachyearjustfortheirfins.”幾十年來(lái)，人們對(duì)魚翅的需求一直在上升，鯊魚面臨滅絕的威脅，每年有多達(dá)1億只鯊魚被捕殺，僅僅是為了獲得魚翅?？芍?，人們捕殺鯊魚主要是因?yàn)閷?duì)魚翅的需求極大。故選A。13．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thedemandforsharkfinshasbeenrisingfordecades,threateningsharkstodieout,upto100millionsharksarekilledeachyearjustfortheirfins.”幾十年來(lái)，人們對(duì)魚翅的需求一直在上升，鯊魚面臨滅絕的威脅，每年有多達(dá)1億只鯊魚被捕殺，僅僅是為了獲得魚翅。提到鯊魚面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，畫線詞所在句中的But表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義，結(jié)合第四段中的“InCalifornia,abanonthesaleandpossessionofsharkfinsouphasgoneintoeffectthisyearthroughtheeffortsofWildAidandotherorganizations.”在野生救援組織和其他組織的努力下，加州禁止出售和擁有魚翅湯的禁令已于今年生效?？芍?，鯊魚得到了保護(hù)，說(shuō)明已經(jīng)改變了以前的狀況，所以此處指“但我們已經(jīng)開始扭轉(zhuǎn)這一趨勢(shì)”，reverse意為“改變”。故選D。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段“InCalifornia,abanonthesaleandpossessionofsharkfinsouphasgoneintoeffectthisyearthroughtheeffortsofWildAidandotherorganizations.OverseasmarketingandpubliceffortsfeaturingpostersonpublictransportationsystemsandTVadshavebeenunderwayforthepastfewyears.Theseeffortsallshowsignsofsuccess,onboththesupplysideandthedemandsideoftradeinsharkfins.”在野生救援組織和其他組織的努力下，加州禁止出售和擁有魚翅湯的禁令已于今年生效。在過(guò)去幾年中，海外市場(chǎng)和公共宣傳活動(dòng)一直在進(jìn)行，其中包括公共交通系統(tǒng)上的海報(bào)和電視廣告。這些努力在魚翅貿(mào)易的供需雙方都顯示出成功的跡象；以及最后一段中的“Whetheritissharkfinsouporivorypianokeyskillinganimalsisbigbusiness.”無(wú)論是魚翅湯還是象牙琴鍵，殺死動(dòng)物都是一筆大生意?？芍?，人們大肆捕殺動(dòng)物主要是為了獲得利潤(rùn)，所以停止銷售和購(gòu)買動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品可能是阻止捕殺動(dòng)物的最好方法。故選C。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第四段中的“InCalifornia,abanonthesaleandpossessionofsharkfinsouphasgoneintoeffectthisyearthroughtheeffortsofWildAidandotherorganizations.”在野生救援組織和其他組織的努力下，加州禁止出售和擁有魚翅湯的禁令已于今年生效?？芍疚闹饕v述的是人們意識(shí)到了鯊魚對(duì)于保持生態(tài)平衡的重要性，并開始采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)日益減少的鯊魚，C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)鯊魚的努力”能夠總結(jié)文章大意。故選C。16．G；17．C；18．E；19．B；20．F本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了隨著全球人口增長(zhǎng)而增加的對(duì)食物的需求，特別是對(duì)動(dòng)物源性食品的需求，以及轉(zhuǎn)向更可持續(xù)飲食方式的必要性。備選項(xiàng)的中文意思：A.許多人已經(jīng)嘗試過(guò)這種飲食。B.我們能否使之實(shí)現(xiàn)，還有待觀察。C.與動(dòng)物性食品相比，它更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)。D.這很大程度上取決于這樣的餐廳如何對(duì)待顧客。E.然而，適應(yīng)植物性飲食可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性。F.我們的選擇直接影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和社會(huì)福利。G.一個(gè)實(shí)際的解決方案是植物性飲食，包括水果、蔬菜和堅(jiān)果。

考查任務(wù)型閱讀（七選五）。解題技巧如下：1.看首段，跳過(guò)空格快速通讀全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義。2.首先快速瀏覽一遍七個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。3.精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項(xiàng)填入空格。七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。4.看選項(xiàng)，找出與空前空后句中心詞同義，近義或相關(guān)性的詞語(yǔ)。實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的對(duì)接，先易后難，各個(gè)突破。此外要通過(guò)句子的邏輯關(guān)系或句子的標(biāo)點(diǎn)來(lái)判斷該句在文章的位置。5.解題的關(guān)鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段。尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通讀全文。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語(yǔ)境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。16．根據(jù)上文"Thisurgesustofindsustainablewaystofeedbillionsmorepeopleinthefuture.(這促使我們找到可持續(xù)的方法，在未來(lái)養(yǎng)活數(shù)十億人。)"及下文"Ithasagreatimpactonourhealthandenvironment.(它對(duì)我們的健康和環(huán)境有很大的影響。)"可知，空處應(yīng)為解決方案，與G項(xiàng)"Apracticalsolutionisplant-baseddietincludingfruits,vegetablesandnuts.(一個(gè)實(shí)際的解決方案是植物性飲食，包括水果、蔬菜和堅(jiān)果。)"上下文一致，符合文意，故選G。17．根據(jù)上文"Manypeopleareskepticalaboutreducingmeatconsumption,buttherearemanybenefitsofadoptingplant-baseddiet.(許多人對(duì)減少肉類消費(fèi)持懷疑態(tài)度，但采用植物性飲食有很多好處。)"可知，空處應(yīng)為植物性飲食的好處，與C項(xiàng)"Itismorenutritiouscomparedwithanimal-basedfood.(與動(dòng)物性食品相比，它更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)。)"上下文一致，符合文意，故選C。18．根據(jù)下文"Thiskindofdietisnotusuallypreferredbypeoplewhoenjoythetasteofanimalmeat.(這種飲食通常不是喜歡動(dòng)物肉味道的人所喜歡的。)"可知，對(duì)于動(dòng)物性食物的人來(lái)說(shuō)，植物性飲食是不容易接受的，與E項(xiàng)"However,adaptingtoplant-baseddietcanbechallenging.(然而，適應(yīng)植物性飲食可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性。)"上下文一致，符合文意，與下文提到的人們對(duì)于改變飲食習(xí)慣的抗拒相呼應(yīng)。故選E。19．根據(jù)上文"Yetwillthesefoodchoicesbecomecommoninoursupermarkets?(然而，這些食物選擇會(huì)在我們的超市變得普遍嗎？)"可知，這種食物能否在超市中普及還存在不確定性，這種轉(zhuǎn)變能否實(shí)現(xiàn)還有待觀察，與B項(xiàng)"Itremainstobeseenwhetherwecanmakeithappen.(我們能否使之實(shí)現(xiàn)，還有待觀察。)"上下文一致，符合文意，故選B。20．根據(jù)上文"Howwechoosetoeatinthecomingyearswillcontributetoensuringasustainablefutureforyouandme.(未來(lái)幾年我們選擇如何飲食將有助于確保你我有一個(gè)可持續(xù)的未來(lái)。)"可知，我們的選擇對(duì)未來(lái)很重要，鼓勵(lì)我們做出有利于環(huán)境和社會(huì)的選擇，與F項(xiàng)"Ourchoicesdirectlyimpacttheecosystemandsocialwelfare.(我們的選擇直接影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和社會(huì)福利。)"上下文一致，符合文意，故選F。21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．B；30．C；31．A；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．C本文是一篇記敘文，講述了校車司機(jī)愛(ài)德蒙和班長(zhǎng)瓦倫丁在大雨傾盆的早上救出被洪水圍困的兩個(gè)孩子的故事。

考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．一天早上，大雨傾盆而下，他和班長(zhǎng)Valentine接到電話，去接一個(gè)錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車的學(xué)生。A：lookafter"照顧"；B：sendfor"召喚，派人去請(qǐng)"；C：pickup"（開車）接"：D：callon"號(hào)召"。根據(jù)上文"Edmondwasaschoolbusdriverfor22years."Edmond當(dāng)了22年校車司機(jī)；以及下文"What2themwasthatthestudentdidn'tturnupwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace."可知，Edmond和班長(zhǎng)去接一個(gè)錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車的學(xué)生。故選C。22．讓他們沮喪的是，他們到達(dá)指定地點(diǎn)時(shí)學(xué)生沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)。A：discouraged"使沮喪"；B：bored"使厭煩"；C：excited"使激動(dòng)"；D：impressed"使印象深刻"。根據(jù)上文"therainpouringdown"大雨傾盆；以及空后"thestudentdidn'tturnupwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace."可知，那天早上大雨傾盆，他們專門去接那名學(xué)生，但學(xué)生卻沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，這讓他們很沮喪。故選A。23．Edmond和Valentine沒(méi)想到他們還有更大的任務(wù)要完成。A：dream"夢(mèng)想"；B：goal"目標(biāo)"；C：success"成功"；D：mission"使命，任務(wù)"。根據(jù)下文可知，Edmond和Valentine在洪水中救出被困小孩，這是一個(gè)更大的任務(wù)。故選D。24．就在拐角處，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)孩子被困在洶涌的洪水中。A：diving"潛水"；B：playing"玩耍"；C：stuck"（在……中）卡住，陷住"；D：prepared"準(zhǔn)備"。根據(jù)下文"Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa5toavoidbeingsweptaway."可知，兩個(gè)孩子被困在洶涌的洪水中。故選C。25．男孩和女孩掙扎著抓住一棵樹，以免被卷走。A：tree"樹"；B：belt"腰帶"；C：seat"座位"；D：bus"公交車"。根據(jù)下文"thegroupmadecombinedeffortsto12theboyandthegirlfromthetree"可知，此處指男孩和女孩掙扎著抓住一棵樹。故選A。26．Edmond和Valentine迫不及待地想救他們，但他們都不會(huì)游泳。A：offer"提供"；B：wait"等待"；C：pretend"假裝"；D：long"期待"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)時(shí)情況危急，所以Edmond和Valentine迫不及待地想救他們。couldn'twaittodosth.固定短語(yǔ)，"迫不及待地做某事"。故選B。27．采取行動(dòng)意味著將自己的生命置于危險(xiǎn)之中。A：lives"生命"；B：future"將來(lái)"；C：jobs"工作"；D：family"家庭"。根據(jù)上文"butneithercouldswim"可知，他們都不會(huì)游泳，在如此危急的情況下救人肯定意味著將自己的生命置于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選A。28．由于這輛巴士是為有特殊需要的兒童而設(shè)計(jì)的，所以它配備了可拆卸的安全帶。A：covered"覆蓋"；B：decorated"裝飾"；C：filled"填充"；D：equipped"安裝"。根據(jù)空前"Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren"可知，此處指它配備了可拆卸的安全帶。故選D。29．他們有了主意。他們立即把安全帶系在一起，以便夠到孩子們。A：suggestion"建議"；B：idea"主意"；C：belief"信念";D：conclusion"結(jié)論"。根據(jù)下文"Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto10thechildren."可知，這是他們想到的主意。故選B。30．他們有了主意。他們立即把安全帶系在一起，以便夠到孩子們。A：lock"鎖"；B：search"尋找"；C：reach"到達(dá)，能伸到"；D：hang"懸掛"。根據(jù)空前"theytiedtheseatbeltstogether"可知，他們把安全帶系在一起是為了夠到孩子們。故選C。31．附近的鄰居們也來(lái)到這里幫忙，小組共同努力將男孩和女孩從樹上解救出來(lái)。A：assist"幫助"；B：cheer"歡呼";C：respond"回應(yīng)"；D：watch"觀看"。根據(jù)空后"thegroupmadecombinedefforts"可知，附近的鄰居們也來(lái)到這里幫忙。故選A。32．附近的鄰居們也來(lái)到這里幫忙，小組共同努力將男孩和女孩從樹上解救出來(lái)。A：protect"保護(hù)"；B：tell"告訴"；C：f