經(jīng)絡(luò)腧穴(2)課件

是人體組織結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，它“內(nèi)屬于臟腑，外絡(luò)于肢節(jié)”，遍布全身，無處不到，將人體的內(nèi)部臟腑和外部各組織器官聯(lián)系為一個有機的整體。是中醫(yī)理論的重要組成部分，一直指導(dǎo)著中醫(yī)各科的臨床實踐，尤其是在針灸、推拿方面，有著十分重要的意義。經(jīng)絡(luò)（ChannelsandCollaterals）概念作用一、經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的組成：十二經(jīng)脈經(jīng)脈奇經(jīng)八脈經(jīng)絡(luò)十二經(jīng)別系統(tǒng)十五別絡(luò)絡(luò)脈浮絡(luò)孫絡(luò)ChannelsTwelveMuscleRegionsetc.andCollateralsCollateralsMinuteCollateralsSuperficialCollateralsTwelveRegularChannelsChannelsEightExtraChannels

FifteenCollateralsComposition

*TheTwelveRegularChannels1.Name

Yinchannel(pertainstooneviscera)Yangchannel(pertainstoonebowel)MainlocationYinchannel:medialaspectYangchannel:lateralaspecthandThelungchannelThelargeintestinechannelUpper-limbsAnteriorlineThepericardiumchannelThetriplewarmerchannelMediumlineTheheartchannelThesmallintestinechannelPosteriorlinefootThespleenchannelThestomachchannelLower-limbsAnteriorlineTheliverchannelThegallbladderchannelMediumlineThekidneychannelTheurinarychannelPosteriorline2、走向、交接、分布、表里關(guān)系及流注次序1）走向和交接規(guī)律

腹胸足三陰經(jīng)手三陰經(jīng)*陰經(jīng)與陰經(jīng)

交于胸腹；足手足三陽經(jīng)手三陽經(jīng)陽經(jīng)與陽經(jīng)

交于頭面

頭

陰經(jīng)與陽經(jīng)交于四肢末端

Abdomen-chest3foot-yinchannels3hand-yinchannelsFootHandhead3foot-yangchannels3hand-yangchannels

2

TheCyclicalFlowofQiintheTwelveRegularChannels

Thetwelveregularchannelsarenotseparatedwitheachother,theylinkoneanotherbytheirbranches.Acyclicalflowofqiismaintainedbytheconnectionofthehandandfoot,yinandyang,exteriorandinterior.Throughthechannels,qiandbloodmaytravelalloverthebodytotheorgansandbowelsinteriorlyandtothemusclesandsurfaceexteriorly.

2）分布規(guī)律：陽經(jīng)位于四肢外側(cè)，陽明在前，少陽在中，太陽在后。陰經(jīng)位于四肢內(nèi)側(cè)，太陰在前，厥陰在中，少陰在后。3）表里絡(luò)屬關(guān)系4）流注次序三、奇經(jīng)八脈(EightExtraChannels)督、任、沖一源三歧

腧穴（Acupoints）1、腧穴的主治作用：1）近治作用：2）遠治作用：3）特殊作用：2、腧穴的分類1）十四經(jīng)穴：（RegularPoints）2）奇穴：（ExtraordinaryPoints）3）阿是穴（TenderSpots）

AcupointsAcupointsarethesitesthroughwhichtheqioftheorgansandbowels,channelsistransportedtothebodysurface.*BasicKnowledgeofAcupoints1TheTherapeuticPropertiesofAcupointsLocalandadjacenttherapeuticpropertiesRemotetherapeuticproperties(esp.thepointsbelowtheelbowandknee)e.g.Zusanli(S36)treatdisordersoflowerlimbsregulatethewholedigestivesystemSpecialtherapeuticproperties2ClassificationofAcupoints1)Acupointsofthefourteenchannels(“regularpoints”)twelveregularchannelsandDu,Renchannel2)Extraordinarypoints──haveregularnamesandregularlocations,butarenotenteredinthefourteenchannelsTenderspots(A-shipoints)──havenospecificnamesanddefinitelocations,theyarethetenderspotsandothersensitivespotsforneedlingandmoxibustion4、腧穴的定位方法；1）骨度分寸法：適用于各種年齡、體型的人BodypartDistanceBone-lengthmeasurementheadAnteriorhairline→posterior12cunChestandabdomenTian-tu→sternocostal9cunSternocostalangle→thecenterofnavel8cunThecenterofnavel→theupperofsymphysispubis5cunbackTheareabelowDazhui→coccyx21cunUpperlimbsTheendoftheaxillaryfold→transversecubitalcrease9cunTransversecubitalcrease→transversewristcrease12cunLowerlimbsTheleveloftheborderofsymphysispubis→medialepicondyleoffemur18cunThelowerborderofthemedialcondyleoftibia→thetipofthemedialmalleolus13cunProminenceofthegreattrochanter→themiddleofpatella19cunThecenterofpatella→thetipoflateralmalleolus16cun3MethodsofLocatingAcupoints1)Bone-lengthmeasurementunit:cun(“寸”)StandsforBone-lengthmeasurement2)Anatomicallandmarks

①Fixedlandmarke.g.fivesenseorgans,nipple,navel,fingernail

②Movablelandmarke.g.Tinggong(SJ19)

3)Simplemeasurement4)FingermeasurementThelengthandwidthofthepatient’sfinger(s)aretakenasstandardforpointlocation.

①Middlefingermeasurement

②Four-fingermeasurement

③Thumbmeasurement作業(yè)：1、名詞解釋：經(jīng)絡(luò)、腧穴2、簡述十二經(jīng)脈的命名、走向、交接、分布規(guī)律。3、腧穴可分為哪三類？有哪些主治作用？如何定位？4、中譯英：經(jīng)絡(luò)、十二經(jīng)脈、奇經(jīng)八脈、腧穴、奇穴、阿是穴