云南省大理白族自治州2025屆高三上學期二?？荚?英語 含解析

大理州屆高中畢業(yè)生第二次復習統(tǒng)一檢測英語注意事項：答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上，并認真核準條形碼上的準考證號、姓名、考場號、座位號及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼?；卮疬x擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題5分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】HowwillthewomangototheMuseum?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’mgoingtothecitymuseum.Isthereabusstationnearby?M:No,butyoucantakethesubwayLineOne.I’mwalkingtothenearbystation.Whydon’tyoucomewithme?W:Thatcouldn’tbebetter.Thanksalot.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatplacedidSamgetintherace?A.Firstplace.B.Secondplace.C.Lastplace.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IfSamhadnotfalleninthemen’sonehundredmeterfinal,hewouldhavecomefirst.W:Didhecomesecond?第1頁/共27頁M:No,hewashurtandsofarbehindalltheotherplayers,buthemanagedtocrossthefinishline.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthemanseethedoctor?A.At00a.m.B.At10:00a.m.C.At4:00p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’dliketobookanappointmentwiththedoctor,hopefullyat10a.m.W:I’msorry.It’salreadybookedup.Icouldfityouinanhourlaterorwehaveafreespotatfourthisafternoon.M:I’lltaketheoneinthemorning,please.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.AttheflowerB.Attheflowermarket.C.Inthegarden.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thesunflowersinthesepotsgrowwell.Theyaremuchmorebeautifulthantheonesinmyneighbor’sgarden.M:Thesunflowersinmyshoparenotonlybeautifulbutalsocheap.W:That’sgreat.Iwilltakeone.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwasthewomanalwaysworriedaboutaccordingtotheman?A.Theviewofthegarden.B.Thesafetyoftheman.C.Thefruitofthetree.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:doneagreatjobwiththeflowersinyourgarden.Hey,rememberwhenyouusedtotellmeforclimbingtheappletree.W:Iwasfrightenedyoumightfallout.M:Now,youthoughtthatIdamagedtheapplesforyourapplepie.第二節(jié)共小題每小題5分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各第2頁/共27頁小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnB.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.7.Whatshouldthewomandointhecompany?A.Recordinformation.B.Chairmeetings.C.salesreports.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:it’ssobig.M:wehavetheteamsalesmeetingshereonandthemanagermeetingsonFriday.W:So,therewillbeamanagermeetingCouldyoupleaseletmeknowwhattasksIwillberesponsiblefor?I’dliketomakeanoteofthem.M:jobwillbetorecordinformationinthemeetings,oryouwillhelpthedirectorhandlesomeothertasks,receivingsalesreportsandschedulingothermeetings.W:Okay,Igotit.8.WhydoesthewomancometotalktoMr.Johnson?A.seekhisadvice.B.explainadecision.C.makeanappointment.9.Whatwasthewoman’ssymptomthisafternoon?A.Shehadasorethroat.B.Shehadahighfever.C.Shehadaseriousheadache.10.WhichrolewillMaryprobablyact?A.Aservant.B.Acivilian.C.Aprincess.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Johnson.MayIhaveamoment?M:Ofcourse.What’sthematter?W:I’mreallysorrytobotheryou,butI’mfeelingunwellandIdon’tthinkIcanperforminthisstageIwokeupthismorningwithasorethroatandahighfever.Iwenttothedoctorandhesaiditwasaflu.Thisafternoon,my第3頁/共27頁feverwasgonebutmythroatwasgettingsorerandIhadaslightheadacheImaylosemyvoiceforawhile.M:I’msorrytohearthat,butyouareplayingaprincess,theleadnotaservantorcivilianwhoamIgoingtoreplaceyouwith.W:MaryalsocompletedforthepartandIbelieveshewouldbesuitable.M:Goodidea.Iguessshallbepleased.thenyoustillcan’tcometoschooltomorrowright.W:Right,Iwon’tbecomingtoschoolforthenexttwodaysandplustheweekendwhichgivesmefourdaysofrestinaM:Okay,takecare.W:Ihopeyourecoversoon.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.12.Whathappenedtotheman’sfriend?A.Somethingwentwrongwithhisracingcar.B.Hisairballoonridewaspostponed.C.Hefellillafterthespeedboatride.13.Whichinstrumentmightthemanwanttolearn?A.Theguitar.B.Thepiano.C.Theviolin.【答案】A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatwouldyoulikeforabirthday?youlikesomethingtouse,likeaguitarorpianomaybe?M:I’dliketolearnaninstrument,butIquiteliketheideaofanexperiencetoo,know,likeadayracingfastcarsoranairballoonride.Buttobehonest,thosesortsofthingsrelyontheweatheralot,unlessitisniceliketheday.I’veheardaboutlotsofairballoonridesbeingpostponedduetorainyconditions.W:Didn’tyourfrienddosomethinglikethat?Anditwenthorriblywrong.M:Itwasanexcitingspeedboatridebutasitwaswindy.Hewasthrowingoverboard.Theyfishedhimstraightout,buthecaughtacoldfromtheexperienceW:Em,well.Maybe,wewon’tgetyouthatthen.Howaboutmyideaaboutlearningamusicalinstrument?M:Actually,thatwouldbegood.AsI’dlovetoplayinanorchestra,butnotthetwoinstrumentsyousuggested.第4頁/共27頁W:Okay,leaveitwithmeanditwillbeasurprise.14.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Theman’schallenge.B.ThecapitalsofEurope.C.Thegreattimeinuniversity.15.Howdoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Facetoface.B.Overthephone.C.Byavideocall.16.Whichcitydoesthemanplantogotonext?A.Berlin.B.Amsterdam.C.Lisbon.17.Howdoesthemansound?A.Excited.B.Mad.C.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,Michael.I’vebeenthinkingaboutcallingyou.What’sgoingonoverthere?M:Hi,Janet.onthethirddayofourtenEuropeancapitalcitiesintendayschallenge.It’sbeenamadthreedayssofar.ItallbeganwhenweflewintotheEnglishcapitalLondononThursdayafternoon.hadaquicklookaroundandagoodnight’ssleepandthegotonthemorningtraintoParis,thecapitalofFrance.Thefollowingday,wetraveledtoBrussels,thecapitalofBelgiumandthat’swherewearenowenjoyingbreakfast.W:Andyourplanistovisitsevenmorecapitalsinthenextsevendays?SoareyouheadedGermanynext?M:Nowwe’lltraveltoBerlininGermanyintwodaystime.Beforethat,It’sAmsterdaminaNetherlands.AfterBerlinweworkourwaythroughEuropeendinginPortugal’scapital,Lisbonnextweek.W:weretravelingwithyourfriendsfromuniversityright?M:weareallhavingagreattime.W:Whataboutwemakeavideocallnexttime.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingtheviews.M:Ofcourse,speaksoon.18.Whatisthepurposeofthegathering?A.introducetheband.B.celebratetheprofessor’sretirement.第5頁/共27頁C.announcethecancellationofexams.19.WhatwillMr.Hopkinsdoinhisfreetime?A.Becomeagardener.B.Becomeaguitarist.C.Becomeabeekeeper.20.Whatwillthestudentsdointhenextsemester?A.Studywithanewteacher.B.Studyplayingtheguitar.C.Studyindependently.【答案】18B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Iknowyouareallwonderingwhywehavegatheredheretogether.Ihaveannouncementstomake.areperhapswonderingifwearefinishingthetermearlyormaybeyouarehopingthatIhavecalledyouallheretocancelyourexams.Nosuchluck,Iamafraid.IwantedustocometogetherandthankourwonderfulprofessorHopkins,beforeheleavesSarahuniversityforbiggerandbetterthingsafterfortyyears’service.areallgoingtomisshimdearly.IaskedprofessorHopkinswhatheplanstodowithalltheextratimeonhishands.Mostpeopledosomethinglikelearnanewmusicalinstrumentortakeupgardening.Mr.Hopkinsisgoingtofollowanewpassion.Hewillbeswappinghissuitforafullsetofprotectiveclothingandproducinghoney.IfyouarecurrentlyenrolledinoneofMr.Hopkin’sclassesfornextterm.Don’tworry.won’tneedtostudyalone.IsaidMr.Hopkinswasalmostirreplaceablebutnotquite.willbeintroducingyoutoMissJonesearlynextterm.Nowasyouknow,professorHopkinslovesplayingtheguitar.Let’swatchthestepbentperformforonelasttimeasweseefarewell.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題5分，滿分5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIntoday’sdigitalenvironment,it’srefreshingtoshopatanauthenticstreetmarket.Herewe’vedugdeeptouncoversomeofthebestones.—TheChatuchakMarketisclaimedtobetheworld’slargestweekendmarket,whichmakesithardtonavigatefornewcomers.Assuch,graboneofthefreemarketmapsfromtheinformationbooth.Itwillhelpyoufromgettinglost!hearloudmusicfromeclecticfashionstalls,smellthescentofThaistreetfoodcooking,andseegroupsofpeoplemovingabout.Everythingisprettycheaphere,sodon’tfeelthatyouneedtogetdownon第6頁/共27頁pricetoomuch.—Asthemostfamousgroupofstreetmarketsintheworld,souksofMarrakechhaveover3,000stallsandfoodvendors(攤販)sellingeverythingfrommulti-coloredMoroccancarpetstospices,antiquesandtagines.goodssuchasgoldanddelicatehandicraftsarelocatedinthecenterofthemarket,andtheitemsbecomelessexpensiveasyouworkyourwayout.Itcanbehothere,sothebesttimetovisitisinthemorningorforapleasanteveningwalk.—Ifyou’reluckyenoughtofindyourselfinthetypicalSpanishcityofBarcelona,thelocalmarketofLaBoqueriaisamust.Thegrandironentrancewelcomesyoutoafoodie’sparadiseofdisplaysthatareimpressivejusttolookat,letalonetaste.BesidesthefantasticlocalSpanishcuisine,youwillfindavarietyoffoodsfromallaroundtheworld.—LasBóvedasisagreatplacetopickupsouvenirs,includinghand-wovenbags,artworkandhand-madeColombianhammocks.Duringoperations,theareaisbuzzing(人聲鼎沸),andvendorscanbeslightlypushytogetyourattentionandasale.However,ifyouareaftersometraditionalandauthenticColombianmerchandise,LasBóvedasistheplacetoshop.21.WhatmakesChatuchakMarketspecial?A.Itsfame.B.Itslocation.C.Itssize.D.Itsservice.22.WhatshouldyoudowhenvisitingsouksofMarrakech?A.Employalocalasyourguide.B.Learntobargainwithvendors.C.buyinggoldhandicrafts.D.Chooseapropertimeoftheday.23.WhatdoLaBoqueriaandLasBóvedashaveincommon?A.Theybothvarietiesofdishes.B.Theybothfeatureaspecifictheme.C.Theybothselltraditionalsouvenirs.D.Theybothlieinthecenterofacity.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個世界上著名的街頭市場?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分中“TheChatuchakMarketisclaimedtobethe第7頁/共27頁world’slargestweekendmarket,whichmakesithardtonavigatefornewcomers.(恰都恰周末市場被稱為世界上最大的周末市場，這讓新來的人很難在其中穿梭)”可知，恰都恰周末市場的特別之處在于它的規(guī)模之大。故選C項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)部分中“Itcanbehothere,sothebesttimetovisitisinthemorningorforapleasanteveningwalk.()觀馬拉喀什集市時，應(yīng)該選擇一個合適的時間。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分中“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtofindyourselfinthetypicalSpanishcityofBarcelona,thelocalmarketofLaBoqueriaisamust.Thegrandironentrancewelcomesyoutoafoodie’sparadiseofdisplaysthatareimpressivejusttolookat,letalonetaste.(當?shù)氐腖aBoqueria市場是必去之地。宏偉的鐵門入口歡迎你來到一個美食愛好者的天堂，這里的展示僅僅看著就令人印象深刻，更不用說品嘗了)”和部分中“LasBóvedasisagreatplacetopickupsouvenirs,includinghand-wovenbags,artworkandhand-madeColombianhammocks.(LasBóvedas是挑選紀念)”可知，LaBoqueria和LasBóvedasLaBoqueriaLasBóvedas以售賣傳統(tǒng)紀念品為主題。故選B項。BOneofmyearliestmemoriesisofmyfathersittingmedownatourkitchentablewithcanvases,paints,andbrushes.Hetaughtmehowtoblendcolorsandusevariousmaterialssuchasacrylic(丙烯酸的)paintsandwatercolors.Wheneverwefeltinspired,wewouldsetoutallourmaterialsandpaintwhateverourheartsdesired.MyfathergrewupinasmallvillageintheDominicanRepublic.Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedextremelyhardandeventuallyobtainedhiscitizenship.AsIgrewolder,Idevelopedafondnessfordrawingpeople,asIcouldemphasizetheuniquephysicalfeaturesthatmakeeachpersonspecialandbeautiful.However,astimewenton,Ibegantobeoverlycriticalofmyownwork.IworriedthatIcouldnevermatchmyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsseemedlacklustercomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Ifoundfaultsinallmycreations,soIbecameincreasinglyinsecure.第8頁/共27頁Art,whichwasoncemyfavoritething,mademefeelIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofstrivingtoimprove,Igaveupandstoppeddrawing.Henoticeditandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasachild”.Movedbyhisstoryanddetermination,Iworkedonmyportfolioandwasfortunatetogetin.Attendingtheartcollegewasaneye-openingexperience.Iexpandedmyartisticrangebeyondpainting.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandtalent,andbecamemoreopentosharingmyartworksandacceptingconstructivecriticism,therebyboostingmyself-esteemregardingmyart.24.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sintroducingherfather’sexperienceinParagraph2?A.provethatartistheonlywaytocombatpoverty.B.illustratetherootsofherfather’sinfluenceonher.C.criticizethelackofeducationalchancesinruralareas.D.contrastherlifewiththedifficultiesherfatherendured.25.Whydidtheauthorstopdrawingforawhile?A.Becausetheauthorthoughtshecouldn’tbeasgoodasherfather.B.Becausetheauthordidn’tlikeartanymore.C.Becausetheauthordidn’thaveenoughartsupplies.D.Becausetheauthorwastoobusywithschoolwork.26.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor’sfather?A.Braveandcarefree.B.Persistentandsupportive.C.Ambitiousbutdependent.D.Creativebutstubborn.27.What’stheauthor’sopinionexpressedinthepassage?A.Artisaboutfollowingestablishedrules.B.guaranteesadmissiontoartprograms.C.Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.D.Progresscanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者從小在父親的熏陶下學習繪畫，但因自感無法超越父親而一度放棄。后來在父親的鼓勵下重拾畫筆，并考入藝術(shù)學院，通過學習更加自信，學會接受不完美，藝術(shù)水平也得到了提升?！?4題詳解】第9頁/共27頁Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedextremelyhardandeventuallyobtainedhiscitizenship.(盡管材料匱乏，他還是用手邊的任何東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。他攢錢買顏料和彩色鉛筆，在家里的墻上畫素描。15歲時，他獨自一人來到美國，在佛羅里達的阿姨家住了一段時間，后來在紐約和另一個阿姨一起完成了高中學業(yè)。他學習非常努力，最終獲得了公民身份。)”可知，本段中介紹了父親在資源匱乏的環(huán)境中仍堅持創(chuàng)作，這種精神深深B選項“illustratetherootsofherfather’sinfluenceonher.(為了說明父親對她影響的根源)”符合題意。故選B?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,astimewenton,Ibegantobeoverlycriticalofmyownwork.IworriedthatIcouldnevermatchmyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsseemedlacklustercomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Ifoundfaultsinallmycreations,soIbecameincreasinglyinsecure.Art,whichwasoncemyfavoritething,mademefeelIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofstrivingtoimprove,Igaveupandstoppeddrawing.(然而，隨著時間的推移，我開始對自己的工作過于挑剔。我擔心自己永遠也比不上父親的才華。與他的現(xiàn)實主義風景畫相比，我的簡單的二維畫顯得平淡無奇。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我所有的作品都有缺點，所以我變得越來越?jīng)]有安全感。藝術(shù)，曾經(jīng)是我最喜歡的東西，讓我覺得我不擅長它。我沒有努力提高，而是放棄了，停止了畫畫。)”可知，作者停止畫畫一段時間是因為她認為自己無法達到父親的藝術(shù)水平，對自己的作品過于挑剔，感到越來越不自信，最終放棄了畫畫。因此，A選項“因為作者認為自己不如父親畫得好”符合題意。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.(盡管材料匱乏，他還是用手邊的任何東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。他攢錢買顏料和彩色鉛筆，在家里的墻上畫素描。15歲時，他獨自一人來到美國，在佛羅里達的阿姨家住了一段時間，后來在紐約和另一個阿姨一起完成了高中學業(yè)。)”以及第四段中“Henoticeditandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasachild”.Movedbyhisstoryanddetermination,Iworkedonmyportfolioandwasfortunatetogetin.(第10頁/共27頁集，很幸運地被錄取了。)”可知，即使在極其艱苦的情況下，父親依舊完成學業(yè)；同時父親鼓勵作者去試B選項“Persistentandsupportive.(堅持不懈且支持孩子的)”符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandtalent,andbecamemoreopentosharingmyartworksandacceptingconstructivecriticism,therebyboostingmyself-esteemregardingmyart.(我學會了擁抱自己的個性和才華，變得更加開放地分享自己的藝術(shù)作品并接受建設(shè)性批評，從而提高了我在藝術(shù)方面的自尊心。)”可知，作者更加開放地分享自己的藝術(shù)作品并接受建設(shè)性批評，從而提高了作者在藝術(shù)方面的自尊心，因此作者認為接受不完美是建立自信的關(guān)鍵。因此，C選項“Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.(自信來自于接受不完美)”符合題意。故選C。Cwithnicknameslike“waterbear”,maybethetoughestanimalsonEarth.Theyhavebeenaroundforatleast500millionyearsorso,possiblysharingacommonancestorwitharthropods(節(jié)肢動物).Over1,000speciesareknowntoday,includingmarine,freshwater,andterrestrialtardigrades.areneartheedgeofvisibilityformosthumaneyes.Atypicaltardigradeisabout0.5mmlong,andeventhelargestonesarelessthan2mminlength.Perhapsthemostfamousthingabouttardigradesistheirstrangeandmysteriousdurability.arenotimmortal,buttheyhaveapowerfuladaptationthatallowsthemtosurvivefordecadesinextremeconditions.endureenvironmentalstress,tardigradessuspendtheirmetabolism(新陳代謝)throughaprocesscalledcryptobiosis.Sometardigradesinatuncanhandlepressureashighas600megapascals(MPa).That’snearly6,000atmospheres,or6,000timesthepressureofEarth’satmosphereatsealevel,andit’saboutsixtimeshigherthanthepressurefoundintheplanet’sdeepestoceantrenches.Evenhalfasmuchpressure,300MPa,wouldkillmostmulticellularlifeandbacteria.tardigradespeciesflewintolow-EarthorbitontheFOTON-M3missionin2007,becomingthefirstanimalsknowntosurvivedirectexposuretospace.The12-daymissionprovedthatexposuretothevacuumwasnoproblemforthem,andthelackofgravityhadlittleeither.Sometardigradesevenlaideggsduringthemission.Researchhasshowntardigradescansurviveroughly1,000timesmoreradiationthanahuman.Chinesescientistshavedecodedthekeymechanismsthatmaketardigradesradiation-resistant,whichcouldshedlightonhowtomakehumanbeingsstrongeragainstradiationandhowtoincreasethestresstoleranceof第11頁/共27頁humancellsinthefuture,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinOctober2024.28.HowdoestheauthorintroducethefeaturesoftardigradesinParagraph1?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.ByanalyzingcauseandC.Byshowingexamples.D.Bylistingfigures.29.Whycantardigradespossiblysurviveinextremeconditionsaccordingtothispassage?A.Becausetheyareimmortal.B.Becausetheycanchangeextremeconditions.C.Becausetheycanregainlifefromdeathformanytimes.D.Becausetheyslowdowntheirmetabolism.30.Whentardigradesfacepressureorspace,whatisapossiblecondition?A.Theycan’thandlepressuremorethan500Mpa.B.Theycanonlysurviveindirectexposuretospace.C.Theyarealmostnotbythelackofgravity.D.Theywillbekilledbythepressureabout300Mpa.31.WhatistheimportanceofthestudyofChinesescientists?A.Theirfindingscanbeappliedtohelphumanbeings.B.Theyfocusonthereproductionoftardigrades.CTheystudythedietaryhabitsoftardigrades.D.Theyprovedtardigradesradiant-resistant.【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹水熊蟲的極端生存能力。它們能夠在地球上一些最極端的條件下生存，可耐受超強輻射、干燥等極端生存環(huán)境。針對水熊蟲這種神奇的極端生命體抗輻射等機制的研究，有助于幫助人類更好地研究如何提高人類的抗輻射能力和抗壓能力?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“havebeenaroundforatleast500millionyearsorso,possiblysharingacommonancestorwitharthropods(節(jié)肢動物).Over1,000speciesareknowntoday,includingmarine,freshwaterandterrestrialtardigrades.areneartheedgeofvisibilityformosthumaneyes.Atypicaltardigradeisabout0.5mmlong,andeventhelargestonesarelessthan2mminlength.(水熊蟲已經(jīng)存在了至少5億年左右，第12頁/共27頁可能與節(jié)肢動物有共同的祖先。目前已知的水熊蟲有1000接近大多數(shù)人眼可見的邊緣。典型的水熊蟲體長約0.5毫米，最大的也不到2毫米)”可知，本段以列數(shù)字的方式介紹了水熊蟲的存在歷史以及水熊蟲的軀體特征。故選D?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“endureenvironmentalstress,tardigradessuspendtheirmetabolism(新陳代謝)throughaprocesscalledcryptobiosis.(為了承受環(huán)境壓力，水熊蟲通過一種被稱為隱生的過程暫停新陳代謝)”可知，水熊蟲可以在極端條件下生存是因為它們減緩了新陳代謝。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The12-daymissionprovedthatexposuretothevacuumwasnoproblemforthem,andthelackofgravityhadlittleeither.Sometardigradesevenlaideggsduringthemission.Researchhasshowntardigradescansurviveroughly1,000timesmoreradiationthanahuman.(這次為期12天的任務(wù)證明，暴露在真空中對它們來說沒有問題，而且沒有重力也沒有什么影響。一些水熊蟲甚至在任務(wù)期間產(chǎn)卵。研1000倍)的影響。故選C?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Chinesescientistshavedecodedthekeymechanismsthatmaketardigradesradiation-resistant,whichcouldshedlightonhowtomakehumanbeingsstrongeragainstradiationandhowtoincrneasethestresstoleranceofhumancellsinthefuture,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinOctobern2024.(根據(jù)2024年10一項研究，中國科學家已經(jīng)破譯了水熊蟲抗輻射的關(guān)鍵機制，這可能會揭示如何使人類更強地抵抗輻射，以及如何在未來提高人體細胞的耐受力)”可知，中國科學家研究的重要性是其發(fā)現(xiàn)可以應(yīng)用于幫助人類。故選A。DRegardlessofwhatlanguagewespeakorwhetherweareblindorsighted,newresearchsuggestsashared,universalnon-verbalcommunicationsystemcomestolifewhenwegesturewithouttalking.Thestudyofchildrenaged3to12yearsoldwasledby?eyda?z?al??kan,apsychologicalscientistatGeorgiaStateUniversityinAtlantaandanativespeakerwhostudieslanguagedevelopmentindifferenttypesoflearnersanddifferentlanguagespeakers.Onehundredchildrenwereaskedfirsttodescribeanactionwithwordsandhandmovementsandthentodescribethesameactionwithoutspeakingusingonlytheirhands(what’sknownassilentgesture).HalfthechildrenwerenativeEnglishspeakers,andtheother50kidsspokeastheirfirstlanguage.Englishand第13頁/共27頁makeforagoodcomparisonbecausetheyintermsofhowspeakersofeachlanguagedescribeevents.“Ifyou’respeakingifyouwanttodescribesomeonerunningintoahouse,youhavetobreakitdownintosmallerparts.say,“he’srunningandthenheentersthehouse,”explains?z?al??kan.“Butifit’sinEnglish,they’lljustsay‘heranintothehouse,’allinonecompactsentence.”Whenchildrenspokeandgesturedatthesametime,theirgesturesfollowedtheconventionsoftheirnativelanguage:Turkish-speakingchildrenorderedtheirgesturesthesameastheystructuredasentence,andEnglish-speakingchildrenintegratedtheirsintoonemovement.However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.Language-specificdifferencesingestureshadseeminglyevaporated.?z?al??kanandcolleaguesalsofoundsimilardescriptionsinearlierworkwithadults:blindEnglishandspeakersorganizedtheirgesturesthesameassightedspeakersdidwhentheyrefrained(克制)fromspeaking.PaststudiesinGermanandEnglish-speakingchildrenhavealsofoundsilentgesturesdon’tnecessarilyfollowthestructureofaperson’snativelanguage.However,thosestudiesdidn’tdirectlycomparedifferentlanguagespeakersasthisnewonedid.Ofcourse,thisresearchinvolvedresearchersinterpretingabstractgesturesfromafewhundred—hardlyenoughdatatosupportsuchabigclaim,butcertainlyaninterestingideatoexplore.32.Whydidtheresearcherschoosetomakeacomparison?A.Duetoitssimilarsentencepatterns.B.Duetoitsdistinctdescriptionhabits.C.Duetoitsimpactonotherlanguages.D.Duetoitsdifferentculturalbackgrounds.33.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“evaporated”?A.Disappeared.B.Expanded.C.Remained.D.Multiplied.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Non-verbalcommunicationisstructureddifferentlyindifferentlanguages.B.abilityinfluencesthestructureofnon-verbalcommunication.C.Non-verbalcommunicationhasuniversalsimilaritieswhensilent.D.Thestudy’sfindingsaredefinitiveduetothelargesamplesize.35.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.summarizetheresearchmethodsadopted.B.questionthereliabilityofthestudy’sfindings.C.emphasizethesignificanceoftheresearch.D.suggestpotentialareasforfutureresearch.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了新的研究表明，當人們不說話只用手勢交流時，會出現(xiàn)一種第14頁/共27頁享的、普遍的非語言交流系統(tǒng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Englishandmakeforagoodcomparisonbecausetheyintermsofhowspeakersofeachlanguagedescribeevents.(英語和土耳其語是一個很好的比較對象，因為這兩種語言的使用者在描述事件的方式上存在差異)”可知，研究人員選擇土耳其語進行對比是因為它在描述習慣上與英語有明顯的不同，這種不同使得比較更加有意義。故選B。【33題詳解】However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.Language-specificdifferencesingestureshadseeminglyevaporated.(然而，當孩子們在不說話的情況下描述相同的場景時，他們的手勢順序卻非常相似。特定語言間的手勢差異似乎evaporated。)”可知，孩子們在不說話的情況下描述場景時，他們的手勢順序非常相似，evaporated”在此處的意思是“消失了”，與A選項“Disappeared.(消失了)”相符。故選A。【34題詳解】However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.(序卻非常相似)”以及最后一段中的“PaststudiesinGermanandEnglish-speakingchildrenhavealsofoundsilentgesturesdon’tnecessarilyfollowthestructureofaperson’snativelanguage.(過去對德語和英語國家的兒童的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)，無聲的手勢并不一定遵循一個人的母語結(jié)構(gòu))”可以推斷出，不說話時非言語交流具有普遍的相似性。故選C?！?5題詳解】Ofcourse,thisresearchinvolvedresearchersinterpretingabstractgesturesfromafewhundred—hardlyenoughdatatosupportsuchabigclaim,butcertainlyaninterestingideatoexplore.(說法，但無疑是一個值得探索的有趣想法。)”可知，作者提到這項研究的數(shù)據(jù)并不足以支持其結(jié)論，但這是一個值得進一步探索的領(lǐng)域。因此，最后一段的目的是為未來的研究提出潛在領(lǐng)域。故選D。第二節(jié)共5小題每題5分，滿分5分)Thecomparisonthieflovestosneakintoourmindswithoutwarningandstealourjoyorpeace.Andwithsocialmediafloodingourlives,it’seasierthanevertofindsomeone“better”tocompareourselvesto.Constantly第15頁/共27頁measuringourselvesagainstotherscanbeanexhaustingmindgame.___36___.eitherwalkawayfeelinginadequate(不足的)orgetafalsesenseoffulfillment,believingwearebetterthanothers.Iconstantlystruggledwiththisbattle.So,whatdidIdo?___37___.Ilearnedtheartofseekinginward.Atthestartofeachday,Itoldmyselftoloveandappreciatemyselfandgivemyselfconfidenceinsteadoflookingtootherstodothat.Gettingyourmindsetrightatthebeginningofthedaysetsyouupforasuccessfuldayoflesscomparison.Oneofthebiggestthingsthathelpedmestopcomparingmyselfwasfindin