高考英語3500詞匯表達 閱讀訓(xùn)練 (DAY 13)含答案解析

2022高考英語3500詞匯表達+閱讀訓(xùn)練（DAY13）

目錄內(nèi)容

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達

SectionB閱讀理解強化訓(xùn)練

SectionC七選五綜合練習(xí)

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達

1.swiftn.雨燕

adj.迅速的；立刻的

adv.迅速地

詞語辨析：

hasty多指匆忙、草率或倉促的行動，著重缺乏深思熟慮。

quick特指瞬時動作，強調(diào)動作敏捷迅速；也指匆忙的行為，而不暗示速度很。prompt

主要指動作迅速，亳不拖延，含“快得令人愉悅”的意味。

fast常指人或物持續(xù)地高速運動，強調(diào)運動的方式。

instant指某事很快發(fā)生或急待解決，含刻不容緩之意。

rapid比fasi和quick正式，常指運動本身，側(cè)重速度驚人。所指動作可能是短暫的，

也可能是持續(xù)的。

speedy指人或物或其運動、活動時，著重極度的快捷，多含匆忙意味。

swift正式用詞，強調(diào)非常迅速，往往含動作輕快敏捷之意。

2.standfor代表；支持；象征；擔任..的候選人

3.basisn.基礎(chǔ)；底部；主要成分；基本原則、規(guī)律、原理

常用短語：

onthebasisof根據(jù)；基于…

basisfor以……作基礎(chǔ)；為……打基礎(chǔ)

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“基礎(chǔ)”的意思，其區(qū)別是

basis主要用作抽象或引申意義。

ground含義與basis和foundation接近。一般指某種決定、論點或關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)，也可指

某種原因的基礎(chǔ)。

base側(cè)重指構(gòu)成或支撐某一具休物體的基礎(chǔ)，也可指軍事基地或用作比喻意義。

foundation用于具體意義時，便J重指堅固結(jié)實的建筑物的基礎(chǔ)或地基；用作比喻意義時,

與basis基本相同。

4.motton.座右銘，格言；箴言

5.homelandn.祖國；故

6.deservevt/vt.應(yīng)受；應(yīng)得；值得

常用短語：

deservepunishment受到懲罰

deservetobementioned值得?提

deserveillof應(yīng)受...懲罰,有罪于....

deservetodo值得去做

deserveof...值得...

deserveacomer應(yīng)受罰

7.gloryn.光榮，榮譽

vi.自豪，驕傲；狂喜

常用短語：

inone,sglory得意；躊躇滿忐；在某人的鼎盛時期

gloryin自豪；得意

eternalglory永恒的榮耀

morningglory牽牛花；曇花一現(xiàn)的人或物

vainglory虛榮

8.nowadaysadv.現(xiàn)今；時下n.當今

10.ancientadj.古代的；古老的，過時的

n.古代人；老人

11.slaven.奴隸；從動裝置

vi.苦干；拼命工作

12.competitorn.競爭者，對手

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“對手，敵手'’的意思，區(qū)別是

enemy多指充滿敵意的仇敵

opponent最常用詞，通常指在爭論、辯論、競選或競賽以及其它各種矛盾沖突中站在

對立面的“對手”或“敵手”

rival指與某人目標一致而想趕上或超過他的人，匹敵者

foe語氣較強，多用于書面文字和詩歌中。指不僅敵對，而且很危險，懷有很深的敵意

competitor指為同一目標或目的競爭者，一般無感情色彩

13.hopelessadj.絕望的；不可救藥的

14.athleten.運動員；身強力壯的人

15.painn.疼痛；努力

vt.使...痛苦；使....煩惱

vi.感到疼痛；引起疼痛

常用短語：

takepainstodosth.盡心竭力做某事

alpainstodosth.（尤指為避免困境而）迫切想要做

painsb.使某人痛苦；使苦惱

16.takepartin參加，參與

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“參加，加入'’的意思，區(qū)別是：

takepartin側(cè)重參加某項群眾性、集體性的事業(yè)、工作或活動，突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮

一定的作用。

attend側(cè)重參加或出席會議或?qū)W術(shù)活動等。

participate正式用詞，特指參加團體活動，暗示以一個積極的角色參加。

join普通用詞，指加入黨派、團體或游戲活動等

SectionB閱讀理解強化訓(xùn)練

Passage1

Whatdoyouusuallydowhenaflyinginsectlandsonyourarm?Mostlikelyyoublowit

away.Butwhatifthatbugwerealadybug（瓢蟲）？Thenchancesareyouwouldletitstay.Whatis

itaboutladybugsthatwelike?

Farmersoncethoughtladybugswereagoodlucksign.Aladybuginthefieldmeantthatthe

cropswouldbesuccessfulandtheweatherwouldbegood.Thefarmersmayhavebeen

exaggerating（夸大）aboutwhataverysmallbugcando,butinfactladybugsdohelpoutwiththe

crops.Theyeatharmfulinsects.

Actually,itisnottheadultladybugthatcatstheotherinsccts.It'stheladybuglarvae（幼

蟲）.Ladybugslaytheireggsonleavesthatarecoveredwithaphidsorotherinsects.Whenthe

larvaecomeoutoftheeggs,theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,green

flies,andothercrop-destroyers.

Asingleladybuglarvacan陽over1,000aphidsinoneday.Inthe1800s,ladybugswere

broughtallthewayfromAustraliatoCaliforniaandsetfreeamongorangetreesthatweredying

frombeingeatenbyinsects.Thelittleredandblack“eatingmachines^^completelysavedallthe

trees.

Ladybugsgoabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutworryingmuchaboutanything.Veryfew

birdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.Ladybugs

alsoprotectthemselvesbyplayingdead.Theyfalloffleavesandremainverystilluntiltheir

enemygoesaway.

Sonexttimeyouseealadybug,thinkaboutwhatitmaybeupto.Maybeitisofftosavean

orangetree.Maybeitsnextmovewillbetofalloffaleafandplaydeadorstanduptoabirdabout

100timesitssizc.Maybcit'slettingyouknowthattheweatherwillbegoodtomorrow.Who

knows?Ladybugsarespecialthatway.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutmitesandaphids?

A.Theydoharmtothecrops.

B.Theyeatmorethantheyshould.

C.Theyarefoodfbradultladybugs.

D.Theyaretheenemyofladybuglarvae.

2.WhywereladybugsbroughtfromAustraliatoCaliforniainthe1800s?

A.Tosaveorangetrees.

B.Todoresearchonthem.

C.Toincreasetheirnumber.

D.Toreporttheweatherfbrfarmers.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“standupto“inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Playwith.B.Worryabout.

C.Getalongwith.D.Fightbackagainst.

Passage2

AndrewFeldmanisastudentatLawrenceWoodmereAcademy(LWA)inWoodmere,New

York.OnJune25,hetookhomethetopprizeattheNationalHighSchoolMusicalTheatreAwards

(全美高中生音樂劇獎)atBroadway'sMinskoffTheatre.

AlsoknownastheJimmyAwards,theawardswerenamedtorememberJames

M.Nederlander,atheaterownerandBroadwayproducerwhodiedin2016.

FeldmanwontheawardfbrBestPerformancebyanActorforplayingFrankAbagnaleJr.in

LWA'sproductionof"CatchMeIfYouCarT'.HeandReneeRappeachreceiveda$10,000

scholarship.RappfromCharlotte,NorthCarolina,isthewinneroftheBestPerformancebyan

Actressaward.Theotherremainingseventy-eightfinalistsreceived$3,000scholarships.

ThefinalistsreceivedaweekoftrainingattheNewYorkUniversityTischSchooloftheArts

(TSOA)beforetheawardsevent.InstructorsfromBroadwaytaughtthembasicskillsof

performingarts.

FeldmanalsowontheCarnegieMellonPre-CollegeSchoIarship.CamegieMellon

University,basedinPittsburgh,wasfoundedin1900byAndrewCamegie.Feldmanreceivedan

additional$7,500toattendtheuniversity'ssix-weeksummerplayprogram.

HehasbeenaBroadwayloversinceseeing“BeautyandtheBeast“whenhewasyoung.And

thenheperformedinhisfirstplay,aproductionof“Annie”,ateight.

Theshockofwinninghasstillnotdisappeared.4tWinningtheJimmyAwardisnotsomething

1evenimagined,"Feldmansaid/'ldidn'tthinkitcouldactuallyhappen!Ifsnowbeenabouta

weekandahalfandIstilldon'tbelieveit.”

In2014,FeldmancreatedatheatercompanycalledZneefrockProductions.Thecompanyis

runtotallybyteens.ltwassetuptoraisemoneyfbrNEXTfbrAutism,anorganizationhelpingto

supportautismprograms.

l.WhatdidFeldmandoduringtheweekbeforeJune25?

A.HeperformedaltheMinskoffTheatre.

B.HevisitedCamegieMellonUniversity.

C.HetraveledaroundPittsburgh.

D.HereceivedtrainingatTSOA.

2.WhatdidFeldmansayaboutwinningtheprize?

A.Hewascertainofit.

B.Hewasnotexpectingit.

C.Ittookhimalotofeffort.

D.Itwasnotagreatachievement.

3.WhydidFeldmancreateZneefrockProductions?

A.Tosupportanorganization.

B.Toraisemoneyforatheater.

C.TohelpteenageBroadwaylovers.

D.TorememberaBroadwayproducer.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.AgroupofBroadwaylovers.

B.Atheatercompanyrunbyteens.

C.ThewinneroftheJimmyAwards.

D.TheinfluenceoftheJimmyAwards.

SectionC七選五綜合練習(xí)

Passage3

Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.1Mostpeople,atonetimeoranother,havebeen

onthereceivingendofarandomactofkindness.Inasometimescoldworldwherepeoplecanbe

sofocusedonwhatthey,redoing,arandomactofkindnesscanmakeallthedifference.

Theycanberelativelyinsignificant.HannahBaileyfromLondon,forexample,toldtheMetro

newspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingfbrfree.Thesellerdidhera

kindnesswhenitappearedshedidn'thaveanychangetopay.2

ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled“caffesospeso^.Whenbuyingcoffee,a

personwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone,leavingthe

secondoneanonymously（匿名）,outofthegoodnessoftheirheart,fbrapoorpersontoclaimfbr

free.3

However,insomecases,theselittleactscanbeamatteroflifeanddeath.Take,fbrexample,the

unnamedcommuter,whoinJune2018felloffastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackin

Toronto,Canada.Aquick-thinking,butevennowunknown,bystanderselflesslyleaptdowntopull

himtosafety.

So,whydoit?4Thepeoplenevermeetagain.AccordingtoUKcharityTheMental

HealthFoundation,actslikethesecanugiveourlivesnewpurpose,showusotherperspectiveson

ourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeelconieni.”

5Holdopenadoorforsomeone,deliveracompliment-evengiveupyourseatona

bus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.Ittakesallkinds.ltneedn'tbeanythinghuge.Oneday,whether

youneeditornot,someonemighthelpyouinyourhourofneed.

A.Sogiveitatry.

B.Bebravetofacechallenges.

C.Often,theactsaren'tpaidback.

D.Shewashappyaboutitallday.

E.Shewasinlowspiritsthewholeday.

F.Thistraditionisnowmorecommonworldwide.

G.It'softenunexpected,butalmostneverunappreciated.

參考答案

Passage1

1.A由第三段中的"theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,and

othercrop-destroyers”可知，這些都是對莊稼有害的蟲子。

2.A由第四段中的“l(fā)adybugswerebrought...setfreeamongorangetreesthatweredying

frombeingeatenbyinsects”可知,19世紀瓢蟲被從澳大利亞引進到美國加利福尼亞州是為了

挽救被害蟲侵害的橘子樹。

3.D由倒數(shù)第二段中的"Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoff

somethingthatisdangeroustoeal.”可知彳艮少有鳥或昆蟲吃瓢蟲。再由畫線部分后的“abird

about100timesitssize”可知，當遇見比它大的鳥時,瓢蟲會釋放某種物質(zhì)從而對鳥造成威脅。

故此處的standupto有“回擊，抵御”之意c

Passage2

1